|. GAY LUSSAC’S LAW - The Law In 1801 - Boyles and Charles had proved the gas laws showing that = equal volumes of all gases behave similarly under similar conditions of ~ temperature and pressure if systematically changed. In 1800 - John Dalton in his atomic theory of matter stated that - the smallest indivisible Particle of matter is the atom which takes part in a chemical reac- tion forming molecules or compound atoms. When atoms combine they do so in numbers which bears a simple whole number ratio to one another, In 1805 - Lussac on the basis of his experimental work discovered - a relationship between the combining volumes of gases used and produced under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, In1611 - Amedeo Avogadro was able to explain Boyles and Charles Law on the basis that ~ equal volumes of all gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules, He further proposed Avogadro's law which helped in correcting Dalton’s atomic theory. GAY LUSSAC’S LAW [Law of combining volumes of gases] “When gases react they do so in volumes which bears a simple whole number ratio to one another and to the volumes of the products, if gaseous, provided the temperature and pressure of the reacting gases and their products remain constant”. Lussac’s Law can be verified or illustrated by studying the following examples in which a simple whole number ratio exists between the gaseous reactants and products. | Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure. | a] 2volumes of steam are formed when - Two volumes of hydrogen reacts with one volume of oxygen. + =, 2Hy +O > 2H,O vol, 1 Vol Ration 2 ph 2a coed. 2 vols. 1 vol. 2 vols. hydrogen oxygen steam b] 2 volumes of ammonia are formed when - One volume of nitrogen combines with three volumes of hydrogen. - : > Np + 3H > 2NH, a oo ole anes Ht 3 vols 2 vols. nitrogen hydrogen ammonia [1 volume means any particular volume at the given pressure and temperature.] leita 1GAY LUSSAC ‘Ss LAW - A: Problems ba: don the Law [pg. ixed togethe i 450 cm of carbon monoxide and 200 cm} of oxygen are mixed together and jg,7 ia eee Calculate the composition of the resulting mixture, Solution : 2CO (g) +2 (9) > ane fey titeac tn ie, 2vol :1vol > 2vo yy Lu f COp fe To calculate the amount of unused CO. To calculate the amount of CO; formed, CO: Q,: CO, 2 1 Age Se 92) By e200. 200: m1 ‘ x = 400cm> = 400.cor . Amount of unused CO = 450-400 = 50 cm? Amount of CO; formed = 400 cm Unused CO: 50 cm? CO, formed: 400 cm? —_—[Total mixture: 450 cm3- Ans.] 2. One volume of nitrogen combines with one volume of oxygen to form two volumes of nitric oxi Calculate the amount of each reactant required to produce 250 ml. of nitric oxide. Solution : Ny (g) +O (g) > 2NO(@) ie, 1vol : vol > 2vol [By Lussac’s Law] To calculate the amount of N; required. To determine the amount of O, required, NO: Nj NO: 0) 2 1 2. 34,5 1 Pa sy) 250: x -y= 125ml y= 125ml Amount of Nj = 125 ml - Ans, = Amount O, required = 125 ml - Ans, 3. What volume of oxygen would be required to burn completely 400 ml of acetylene or Also calculate the volume of carbon dioxide formed, 400 mi. Solution : 2CyH, (g) + 50> (g) > 4CO> (g) + 2H,0 According to Lussac’s law 2vol : 5vol >4vol : 2vol = 2x200, ,5x20§ 4x 200, 2x 200, 400 ml. ? ? 1000 ml. of oxygen is required and 800 ml of carbon dioxide is formed - Ans. 5 —= 4, 3000 ce. of oxygen was burnt with 600 cc. of ethane (CH). Calculate the volume of unused oxygen) i 600ml. 3000 mi. Solution: 2C pH, (6) + 70> (6) > 4CO, (g)+ 6H,0 According to Lussac’s law 2vol : 7vol >4vol =: 6vol 2x300, ,7x300, ,4x300, 6 x 300, 600 ml. ? at =: Volume of unused oxygen = 3000 - [7 x 300] 2100 = 900 cc. - Ans. 5. 60 cc. of oxygen was added to 24 cc. of carbon monoxide and the mixture ignitel Calculate the volume of oxygen used up and the volume of carbon dioxide formed. P 2A.ce 60 cc Solution : 2CO ig) + 02(—) >2CO, ®) According to Lussac’s law 2vol : 1vol 2vol ee ex 12 1x12, 2x12 Ace. ? ? Volume of oxygen used up is 12 cc. and the volume of carbon dioxide formed is 24 cc. - Ans. 72‘of carbon monoxide is mixed with 200 Gm en at room temperal i i ignite of oxygen at a date the vol. of CO>f ‘Oring t0 room temp, What other gas if any may ci 700 calcu 200 em? 200 em’ ution ¢ 2co 0 rding to Lussac’s law a y + HW % 2CO,@ a Sear lvl => 2vol 1 x Saree «100 2% 100 nd 100 em? i ‘of carbon dioxide f volume of © e formed is 200 cm? & the other gas present is 100m? of oxygen. ~ An® Calculate the volume of oxygen required t 11.2 di’ of Hz, [all volumes mmenbured ats. i | Seu eS 24am tion: i] ah + 20, 11.2dm? tai Lal 2 > CO, + 2,0 [g) i) 2H, + 0, 7018 rea *4., bi 2vol. 1vol. 2vol. 2vol. 1vol. 2vol. x pbs) 2x56 1x56 44.8 dm3 5.6 dm? otal oxygen required = 44.8 dm’ + 5.6 dm? = 50.4 dm} [lits.] - Ans. 200 ml. of CpH, is burnt in just sufficient air [containing 20% oxygen] as per the ef ion -| quation CpHy*302> 2CO, + 2H,O igi. Calculate the resultant Se sees Tatt00°C & constant press.]| 200 ml. Solution : GxHy + 30, > 2CO, + 2H,0 ‘According toLussacslaw vol. 3vol. 2vol. 2 vol. 1x 200 3x 200 2x 200 2x 200 200ml. 600ml. 400 ml. ree When oxygen is 600 ml. the nitrogen is 80 x 600 = 2400 ml. [When Op is 20% the Np in air is 80%] 20 Hence the composition of the resultant mixture is - Ans. Carbon dioxide = 400 ml. Steam = 400 mi. [at 100°C steam has volume] Nitrogen = 2400 ml. [Ethylene = (200-200) ml. = 0 ml. & Oxygen = (600 - 600) mi. = 0 ml-] A mixture of 10cnt3 of CO, 60 cm of Hy and 25 cc. of CH, are mixed with 750cm of air [containing] 20% oxygen] and ignited. Calculate the composition of the resultant mixture om cooling to room temp. 60cm? 25cm> ii] 2H, + O, > 2H,0 iii] CHy +20,> CO, +240} Avol. 2vol. 1vol. 2vol, 10 cm? Solution: i] 2CO + O, > 2COz 2vol. 2vol. 1vol. 2vol. Lussa’slaw 2vol. 1 vol. 2x5, 1x5) 2x5 2x30, 1x30, (1x25) 2x25) 125) 40cm3 5cm? 10cm? 60cm? 30cm? 25cm? 50cm> 25cm> Hence the composition of the resultant mixture after ignition is - Ans. Carbon monoxide = [10 ~ 10] em = 0 cm}; Hydrogen = [60 - 60] cm? = 0 cm? Methane = [25-25] em3=0 m3; Carbon dioxide = [10+ 25] cm? = Oxygen = [150 - (6 + 30 +50)] = 65cm? [Ye of O3 in 750s of sir 20.*7G0 = 0] cm? = 600cm? 5)ADDITIONAL PROBLEMS. Lussac’s Law — Mole Concept — Avogadro’s Law & Number — V.D. & Mol. Wt. Q.1LUSSAC’S LAW x 1. Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to give ammonia. Calculate the volume of the ammonia gas formed when nitrogen reacts with 6 litres of hydrogen. All volumes measured at s.t.p. [4 lts.] 2. 2500 cc of oxygen was burnt with 600 cc of ethane [C)Hg]. Calculate the volume of unused oxygen and the volume of carbon dioxide formed. [400 cc, 1200 cc] | [Ans. -. 50 cc. of Op +50 cc. of CO} eS gee ee nea SUMMARY ~ LAWS &TERMS—---> ae 's Law — Mole Concept — Avogadro's Law & Number — V.D. & Mol. Wt. Gay Lussac’s Law - When gases react they “ple whole number ratio to one another simp svided the temperature and pressure do so in volumes which bear a = and to the volumes of the products, if gaseous ~ of the reacting gases and their products remain constant. ‘avogadro’s Law - Under the same conditions of te mperature {ual volumes ofall gases contain the same Seal ee , number of molecules. Relative puralc cunts [Aten Wreiean) ~ Relative atomic mass of an element is the = pamber oft element is heavier than 1/ 1» the mass of an atom of carbon [C12]. Gram atomic mass [gram atom] - The relative atomic mass of an element expressed in ~ grams is known as ~ gram atomic mass or gram atom of that element esaive ictal mass eeoay weight] - Relative molecular mass of an element or compound is the - number of times one molecule of the substance is heavier than 1/49 the mass of an atom of carbon [C7]. Gram molecular mass - [gram molecule] - The relative molecular mass of a substance expressed in- grams is known as ~ gram molecular mass or gram molecule of that element. Avogadro's Number ~ The number of atoms - present in 12 g [gram atomic wt] of carbon C12. Vapour density ~ Is the ratio of the mass of a certain volume of gas or vapour to the mass of the same volume of hydrogen [volumes measured under same condition of temp. & press.]. Mole - Is the amount of substance which contains - the same number of units as the number of atoms in 12,000 g of carbon - 12 [C2]. Atomicity - It is the no. of atoms present in - one molecule of that element. e.g. He [monoatomic] Molar volume - It is the volume occupied by ~ 1 gm. molecular weight of a gas at s.t.p. 3, 20ml. each of oxygen and hydrogen and 10 ml. of carbon monoxide are exploded in an enclosure. What will be the volume and composition of the mixture of the gases when they are cooled to room temperature. [05 ml, CO, 10 ml] 4, 224cm3 of ammonia undergoes catalytic oxidation in presence of Pt to give nitric oxide and water vapour. Calculate the volume of oxygen required for the reaction. All volumes measured at room temperature and pressure [Ans. 280 cc. of O3] 5. Acetylene [CH] burns in air forming carbon dioxide and water vapour. Calculate the volume of air required to completely burn 50cm? of acetylene. [Assume air contains 20% oxygen]. [Ans. 625em3] 6. Onigniting a mixture of acetylene [CpHp] & oxygen, 200 cm? of CO, is collected at s.t-p. Calculate the vol. of acetylene & O, at s.t.p. in the original mixture. [Ans. Acetylene = 100cm3; Oxygen = 250cm3] 7. Ammonia is formed from the reactants nitrogen and hydrogen in presence of a catalyst under suitable conditions. Assuming, all volumes are measured in litres at s.t.p. Calculate the volume of ammonia| formed if only 10% conversion has taken place. _[Ans. 0.2 litres or 20% or 1/5th of vol. of No & Hy] 8. 100 cc. each of water gas and oxygen are ignited and the resultant mixture of gases cooled to room temp, Calculate the composition of the resultant mixture. [Water gas contains CO & Hy in equal ratio) 85= Part B ‘OICHI COMPOSITION ~ EMSMETRY RICAL & MOLECULAR CHEMICAL EQUATION CALCULATIONS ACENTAGE COMPOSITION — Term re ition - is tage composition is the percentage by weight of each element in the compound. percentaBe composition= Wt. of the element in one molecule ofthe c ompound x 100 Gram molecul lar weight of the compound ition is also the % by mass 8 u ay composition i by mass of atoms of an clement present in one mole of the compound.] I ‘AGE COMPOSITION ~ E: Problems based on them [pg.100] Tate the percentage by weight of the following: HT jum di te Ga ess 0-16) kbar ie pear a] Potassium in potassium dichroma 1K : : ‘alcium phosphate [Ca3(POq)9] [Ca=40, P=31, O=16] al Molecular weight of potassium dichromate [k,Cr,0] = 78 + 104 +112 = 294 294 g of potassium dichromate contains 78 g of potassium, = 100g of K2Cr07 contains 78x00 = 26.53% of potassium - Ans. }] Molecular weight of calcium phosphate [Ca3(PO,))] = 3 x 40 + 62 + 8x16 = 310 310 g of calcium phosphate contains 62 g of phosphorus =.100g of Caz(PO,)2 contains 62x 100 = 20% of phosphorus - Ans. 310 [Caleilate the mass of nitrogen supplied to the soilby®5 kg of urea. [CO(NH) I IN=14, C=12, O=16, H=1]| Molecular weight of urea [CO(NH,)9] = 12 + 16 +28 + 4 = 60 g @gofureacontains 28 g of nitrogen = 5x1000 g of urea contains ? 2Bx5x1000 = 2333.3 g, of nitrogen - Ans. { Calculate the percentage of water of crystallisation in washing soda Na,CO3.10H,O [Na=23, C=12, O=16, H=1]. Molecular weight of NayCO3.10H,0 = 23 x 2 + 12 + 16 x3 (#10 (18) = 286 286 g of NaxCO3,10H,O contains 180 g of water of crystallisation = 100g of NayCO3.10H,0 contains a — = 62.94% of water of crystallisation - Ans. ; Calculate the percentage of pure iron in 10 kg. of iron II] oxide [FeO] of 80% purity. | Fe=56, O=16], Molecular weight of FeO, = 56 x2 + 16 x3 = 160 160g. of pure FeO; contains 112g of pure iron. * 8000 g. of pure FeO; contains ? 12 R000 = 5600g. or 5.6 kg. £ of pure Fe in 10 kg, of Fe,03 = 56 x100 = 56% of pure iron - Ans, Calculate the number of molecules of water of crystallisation in copper sulphate crystals, 10g. us copper sulphate crystals gives 6.4g. of anhydrous CuSO, on heating. [Cu=64, S=32, Mass of CuS0,.XH,O = 10 g.; ‘Mass of anhydrous CuSO, = 6.4 g,; -. Mass of XH, = 3.6, Mol wt of CuSO, = 64+ 32+ 16 x 4 = 160; Mol. wt. of H2O = 18 Mass of water _ _18x_~ailse te OetprG 6m GOW = rani pete ancl Massofanhydrous CuSO, ~ “100.” 64 =X" 64x18 1 87 —2. EMPIRICAL FORMULA - Term & determination a + Empirical formula - és the formula of a compound which shows the ~ ¥ simplest whole number ratio between the atoms of the elements in the compoun Itis the formula that represents — the simplest ratio of the various elements Present one molecule of the compound 7 MOLECULAR WH SIMPLEST RATIO FORMULA OLE. NUMBERS | ers PIRICAL, FORMU * DETERMINATION - Of Empirical Formula of a compound To determine the empirical formula of a compound of sodium, sulphur and oxygen hay, ing the percentage composition Na=29.11%, $=40.51%, O=30.38% [Na=23, S=32, O=16) StepI : Write down the percentage composition [wt.] and the - atomic weight of each element present in the given compound Element % Composition ‘At We. [seeoe Sodium 29.11 23 Sulphur 4051 32 Oxygen 3038 16 Step Il: Divide the % composition [wt.] of each element by its atomic weight - ‘The ratio gives the number of atoms of each element or relative number of atoms in the compound [eg. for element sodium % comp. (29.11) + At. wt. (23)] Element % Composition | At.Wt. _| Relative No. ofatoms | Sodium 29.11 2B 2911 = 1.266 B Sulphur 40.51 32 4051 = 1.266 2 Oxygen 30.38 16 30.38 = 1.898 76 Step III: a] Select the smallest ratio - amongst the relative no. of atoms & divide the remaining ratios by it o give the simplest ratio of atoms present in the compound. [eg. the smallest ratio amongst 1.266, 1.266 and 1.898 is 1.266, hence divide each ratio by 1.266]. b] If the simplest ratio is not a whole number ~ multiply each ratio by the smallest suitable integer so that a whole number ratio is obtained. Write the empirical formula - showing the atoms [elements] in the proper simple ratio of whole numbers. d Element Sodium Sulphur Oxygen 88ECULAR FORMULA ~ Term & determination ecular formula ~ is the chemical formula which represents ~ f ] tual number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compounte MOLECULAR UND AC IMS - Goro FOI TUAL NUMBER OF ATO! pe BMA PRESENT IN A COMPOUND 6 atoms of carbon, 12 atoms of hydrogen, 6 atoms of x7" Mol he 4 CoH 206 2 atoms of hydrogen, 1 atom of sulphur, 4 atoms of oxysen ETERMINATION ~ ofMolecular Formula of a compound ~ from its empirical formula gxample +: To determine the molecular formula of a compound having the percentage composition C=26.59%, H=2.22%, O=71.19%. Vapour density of the compound = 45, [C=12, H=1, O=16] The empirical formula of the compound is determined as explained already. step : Calculate the empirical formula weight from the empirical formula. f es Empirical formula of above compound was calculated to be CHO. -- empirical formula weight= 12+ 1+ 16x2 = 45 {cq [H] RO) | step : Record the molecular weight [or calculate it from the V.D. of the compound] Molecular weight from vapour density. V. D. is given=45 = molecular weight = 2x V. D.=2x 45 =90 Step III: Determine the value of n an integer by applying the formula. Molecular weight = n x Empirical formula weight Molecular weight or, n= Empirical formula weight 90 3 | Step IV : Calculate the molecular formula by applying the formula Molecular formula = [Empirical formula], ie. [CHO], Hence molecular formula = CyH,O4EMPIRICAL & MOLECULAR FORMULA - F: Problems based on them argh dro containad%ofearbon 57% ofhydiogesay itsoapours densityis30,calulatethe moj Acompound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is four 53.3% of oxygen. Calculate ts empirical formula. If formula. [C=12, H=1, O=16] It. Relative No. of Atoms [At Ratio] Hence the Empirical formula of the compound = CHO - Ans. ae a ‘Molecular formula = Empirical formula x Molecular weight = 2.x V.D. = 2 x 30 = 60 i , Inisaninteger} Empirical formula weight = 12 +2 + 16 =30 Molecular Weight = 60 = 2 | n= MolecularWeight [or 2 x V.D] n © “Empirical Formula Weight 30 Empirical Formula Weight 2 Y Molecular formula= Empirical formula xn [nis a integer] CH,O x2 GH{O2 Molecular formula of the compound = CpH407 - Ans. 2, A chemical reaction showed that 10.47 g. of the compound contained 6.21 g. of metal ‘X’ and the rest of a non-metal ‘Y’. Calculate the empirical formula of the compound formed between ‘X’ and ‘Y, [At. wt. of X = 207, Y= 35.5] Solution : Calculate the % composition of each element a] 10.47 g. of the compound contains 6.21. g, of metal “x” 100 g. of the compound contains _621_ x 100 = 59.31% of metal FT 1047 b] 10.47 g. of the compound contains 4.26 g. of non-metal Y’ [10.47 - 6.21 = 4.26 g.] 4.26 x 100 = 40.69% of non-metal “Y’ - 100 g. of the compound contains 10.47 +: The empirical formula of the compound in XY - Ans.tA the followi “ome i ica the molecu fans Positon :Na = 18.60%, § = 25.80%, H = 4.03% a (Ae5 13 ud is COMBI On wth the Of the crystalline salt assuming that all the hyd?O8 jp eer ound is 248. [Na =23,§ = 32 71 2 aroma of crystallisation. Molecular weight fou Composition [At Wt [Relative Nos of 0.80. tical formula of the compound = NaSH;0, Molecular weight = 248 [given] _ fmpirical formula weight = 25 +324 [1x5]+ [16 x4] =124 i Molecular Weight 248 7 Empirical Formula Weight 124. |, Molecular formula= Empirical formula xn (nis an integer] : 7 _NaSHSO4x2. = NaS3HigOs Since all the hydrogen in the compound is in combination with the oxygen as water of crystallisation. = 10atoms of H and 5 atoms of O = 5H,0 and hence 3 atoms of oxygen remain. ., The molecular formula of the compound is Na,S,035H,0 - Ans. [Empirical formula of a compound is XY; Ifits empirical formula weight is equal to its vapour density, taleulate the molecular formula of the compound. Molecular formula = Empirical formula xn. ie. [XY xn] F Molecular Weight i 2xV. Empirical Formula Weight Empirical Formula Weight but Vapour Density = Empirical Formula Weight [given in problem] _ n=2 Molecular Formula = XY7x2=X;¥g = Molecular formula of the compound = Xp¥4- Ans. 5) State the empirical formula of each compound whose molecular formula is- a]CsHjo b] H2CO>. a] Molecular formula = CsHy9 b] Molecular formula = HCO) «Ratio of C & H is5: 10. Simplest ratio is 1:2 =: Ratio of H, Cand O is 2:1:2 -. Empirical Formula = CH - Ans. =. Empirical Formula = HyCO>- Ans. 4 Calculate the empirical formula of a compound whose molecular formula is CgHgO, and empiric formula weight is 83. [C=12, H=1, O=16] Molecular weight of CgHgOq is = 96 + 6 + 64 = 166 =. Molecular Weight el duc: Empirical Formula Weight 3 Sut molecular formula = Empirical formula x n ie. GJH(0,= empirical formula xn [n=2] Empirical formula of the compound = CyH30>~ OL¢ Composition - LAWS & TERMs————— pero nae Chemical pirical & Molecular Formula — al Equation Calculations composition ~ Is the percentage by wei anti ‘Be by weight of - ‘ pound. pot a] formula - Is the formula of a compound which ina tf on eae ws the = ber ratio betwee Ba ole mu n the atoms of the elements in the ‘compound formula ~ Is the chemical form, Hier ofatoris ofeach element prescente ct eeresent the = "o Present in a molecule of the compound y : ADDITIONAL PROBLEMS ———_——— rcentage Composition — Empirical & Molecular Formula — Chemical Equati ion ENTAGE COMPOSITION Calculations the percentage by weight of : a] Ci ; ja i Calculate BA a] Cin carbon dioxide, b] Na in sodium carbonate, c] Al in| ajuminium nitride. [ C12, O16, H=1, Nax=23, Alm27, Ne14] [Ana 2/30 of C, 4% of Na 655% of All Calculate ‘I Eee pouin eg [K=39, Fe=56, C=12, N=14] _[Ans. 17.02% of Fe] Calculate which of the following ~ calcium nitrate or ammonium sulphate has a higher % of nitrogen. 5 (cq=d0, = 16,S5=32, N= 14] [Ans. (NH4),504 % of N = 21.21% more than Ca(NO3), %of N = 17.07%] Calculate the percentage of pure aluminium in 10 kg. of aluminium oxide [Al,O3] of 90% purity- fal=27,0 16) [Ans. 47.64%] state which of the following are better fertilizers i] Potassium phosphate [K3PO,] or potassium| nitrate [KNO3] ii] Urea [NH>CONH3] or ammonium phosphate [(NH,)3PO4] [K=39,P=31 6, N= 14, H=1] [Ans. KsPO4 ~ % of K = 55.18% more than KNO3% of K = 38.61%] [Ans. Urea % of N = 46.67% more than (NH,)3PO, % of N = 28.19%] 4, Calculate the percentage of carbon in a 55% pure sample of carbon carbonate. [Ca = 40, C= 12, O = 16] [Ans. Carbon content = 6.6%] 7, Calculate the percentage of water of crystallisation in hydrated copper sulphate [CuSO,.5H0].- [cu=63.5,5=32, 0-16, H=1] [Ans. 36%] & Hydrated calcium sulphate [CaSO,.xH,0] contains 21% of water of crystallisation. ‘the number of molecules of water of crystallisation i.e. ‘X’ in the hydrated compound. 32,0 = 16, H=1] [Ans. CaSO,.2H,0] 1. Avompound gave the following data : C=57.82%, O=38,58% and the rest hydrogen. Its vapour| density is 83. Find its empirical and molecular formula. [ C=12, O=16, H=1 ][Ans. CgH,0> & CgH,O,] 2. Four g of a metallic chloride contains 1.89 g of the metal “X’. Calculate the empirical formula of the metallic chloride. [ At. wt. of X’ = 64, Cl= 35.5] TAns. XCly] 3. Calculate the molecular formula of a compound whose empirical formula is CHO and vapour} density is 30 [Ans. C)HyO>] 4 A compound has the following percentage composition. Al = 0.2675 g.; P = 0.3505 g; O = 0.682 g. If the molecular weight of the compound is 122 and its original weight which on analysis gave the above results 1.30 g. Calculate the molecular formula of the compound. [Al=27, P=31, O=16] [Ans. AIPO,] 5. Two organic compounds ’X’ and ‘Y’ containing carbon and hydrogen only have vapour densities 13} and 39 respectively. State the molecular formula of ‘X’ and “Y’. [C = 12, H= 1] [Ans. CH; CoH] Acompound has the following % composition. Zn = 22.65%; S = 11.15%; O = 61.32% and H = 4.88%. | Is relative molecular mass is 287 g. Calculate its molecular formula assuming that all the hydrogen inthe compound is present in combination with oxygen as water of crystallization. (n= 65,5=32,0=16,H=1] [Ans, ZnSO,.7H;0] 95‘ ur density ig A hydrocarbon contains 82.8% of carbon. Find its molecular formula if its vapo ty is 29) (Ans. CsHyg} [H=1,C=12] - If i ical formu! An organic compound on analysis gave H = 6.48% and O = 51.42%. Determine its [Ano. CHO} if the compound contains 12 atoms of carbon. [C= 12, H=1,0=16] % i A hydrated salt contains Cu = 25.50%, S = 12.90%, O = 25.60% and the remaining / 1s water of ated - O=16,H= crystallization. Calculate the empirical formula of the salt. [Cu = 64, S thee CuS045H,0} . A gaseous hydrocarbon weighs 0.70 g- and contains 0.60 g. of carbon. Find the molecu’ the compound if its molecular weight is 70. [C = 12, H = 1] - Asalt has the following % composition:- Al = 10.50%, K = 15.1%, S = 24.8% and “lane. AIK(SO, gen. Calculate the empirical formula of the salt. [Al = 27, K = 39, S = 32, O= 16] [Ans.