Philippine Normal University - Visayas

The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

Congruent Triangles

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

• Two geometric figures are congruent if they

have exactly the same size and shape.
H
B

E
I G
A C

D F

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

If there is a correspondence 𝐴𝐵𝐶 ↔ 𝐷𝐸𝐹 such

that the sides and angles of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 are congruent to the
corresponding sides and angles of ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹, then 𝐴𝐵𝐶 ↔
𝐷𝐸𝐹 is a congruence, and the triangles are said to be
congruent triangles. The congruence is denoted as
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹.
E
B

D F
A C
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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 indicates 6 congruences

as follows:
∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷 B

∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸
∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐹
𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐷𝐸
A C
𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝐸𝐹
𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐷𝐹

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

• Markings help in identifying congruent parts

of the two triangles.

B E

A C D F

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

CONGRUENCE POSTULATES FOR TRIANGLES

Definition
By the SAS correspondence, two sides and the
included angle of one triangle are congruent to the
corresponding parts of the second triangle.

Postulate 1 The SAS Postulate

Any SAS correspondence is a congruence.

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

Example
Given 𝐴𝐸 and 𝐵𝐷 bisect each
other at C.
Prove ∆𝐴𝐶𝐵 ≅ ∆𝐸𝐶𝐷.

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

CONGRUENCE POSTULATES FOR TRIANGLES

Definition
By the ASA correspondence, two angles and the
included side of one triangle are congruent to the
corresponding parts of the second triangle.

Postulate 2 The ASA Postulate

Any ASA correspondence is a congruence.

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

Example
𝐹 𝐺
Given
∠𝐴𝐵𝐹 ≅ ∠𝐸𝐷𝐺
∠𝐵𝐶𝐹 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐶𝐺
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐷 𝐸
𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝐷𝐶
𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸

Prove ∆𝐵𝐶𝐹 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐶𝐺

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

CONGRUENCE POSTULATES FOR TRIANGLES

Definition
By the SSS correspondence, the three sides of
one triangle are congruent to the corresponding
sides of a second triangle.

Postulate 3 The SSS Postulate

Any SSS correspondence is a congruence.

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

𝐴
Example
𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐷
𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝐷𝐶 𝐵 𝐷

Prove ∆𝐵𝐴𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐴𝐶

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

Proving Triangles
1. Prove two sides and the included angle of one
triangle congruent to the corresponding parts
of the other triangle. (SAS)
2. Prove two angles and the included side of one
triangle congruent to the corresponding parts
of the other triangle. (ASA)
3. Prove three sides of one triangle congruent to
the corresponding sides of the other triangle.
(SSS)

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub
Exercise A.
Determine if
the given
pairs of
triangles are
congruent. If
so, state the
postulate
that
guarantees
the
congruence.
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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

Exercise B. Prove the following :

1 2

3 4

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

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 Philippine Normal University - Visayas
The Country’s National Center for Teacher Education by Virtue of R.A. 9647
Environment and Green Technology Education Hub

Exercise C. Give a proof of the following:

1. Exterior Angle Theorem
An exterior angle of a triangle is greater
than each of its remote interior angle.
2. The SSA Theorem
3. The Hypotenuse-Leg Theorem

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