Sreedhar’s ait | (eee | COLLEGE FOR | m0 nn Coll : 9392668899 COMPETITIVE EXAMS Czuccece SUPRABHATAM PART 1 Rule no.1 — V1, V1 +s ores. ‘Vani Nikethan Building Suryaroopet Usually, Naturally, Generally, Regularly, Daily, Every month, Every+, Always Often, Seldom, in the mornings etc., Eg: 1. She is usually sitting in the front row. 2.Every month they are releasing funds for the construction. Rule no.2 —TO+ V1 (to infinitive) Prep +V1 + ing. Eg: 1. The state government has taken a decision to promoting English Medium in primary schools. 2. Richter scales are used for measure the intensity of the earthquakes. 3.With a view to improvising the standards of rural people central govt. launched a new program. Rule _no.3 —-let, get, make, help, had better, had sooner etc., - V1 (bare infinitive) Eg: 1. In the evening teacher let all the boys to play in the ground. 2, I got irritated when she made me to wait for a long time. Rule _no.4—Modal + V1. Will, would, shall, should, can, could, may, might, must, ought to, used to, need, dare. Eg:l. When you are going through something that you cannot handled; your mind tries to play it out in the form of a dream, 2. migraines may doubles the risk of a nervous system condition that causes facial paralysis. Rule no.5— DO +V1, DOES +V1, DID+V1. Eg. 1. When did he sent a message to you? 2.He doesn't revealed the secret in dream. Rule no.6—singular verb : IS, WAS, HAS, V1+s. Plural verb : ARE, WERE, HAVE, V1. He , she, It (singular) : Singular verb. We, You, they (plural) : Plural verb. a eeLL m, was, have, v1 ie t really agonize them is the presence of an unwanted and unscrupulous. Eg. 1.What really s member on the panel. 2.Sugar-sweetened drinks does not not a unique risk factor for obesity or heart disease. 3.A sharp fall in international price of tea have led tea plantation workers in pose any particular health risk, and are Kerala to face starvation. 4. The auditions for India’s first ever reality-based pop band hunt is going on in full swing, with numerous entries coming in. Rule no.7— one of the, each of the. Eg. 1 Kiran is one of my best friend. 2.One of the boys have attended the meeting. 3.The price of fruits and vegetables are going up. 4.collectng currency and coins are a good habit. 5.Dhoni is one of the players who has been selected. 6.Each of the rooms were inspected by the principal. Rule no.8—Either- or, Neither- nor, Not only- but also. Eg. 1. Not only the doctor but also. the nurses of this nursing home is very kind. 2.Neither the students nor, the principal have attended the class. 3.Either of the two roads were used by the public. Rule no. 9—Committee, team, group, family, herd, flock, fleet etc., Eg. 1. Finally the committee has taken a decision. 2.The committee have withdrawn their salaries 3.The team has won the match, 4.The team have gone for bathing. 5.The family has gone to temple. 6.The family have gone to their duties, Rule no.10.—1+1 =1. Bread and butter, time and tide, character and conduct. Fg. 1. Bread and butter is my regular breakfast. 2.Bread and butter are available in the store 3.Time and tide waits for none, 4.His character and conduct is satisfactory. SpeyLLL 5.His father and guide is coming 6.His father and his guide are coming. Rule no.11—Any part of singular is singular,Any part of plural is plural. Eg. 1. one third of population is under poverty. 2.one third of people are under poverty Rule no.12. ~ furniture, luggage, equipment, information, stationery, news ete., Eg. 1. Most of the news pertaining to the sudden demise of the spiritual guru have been communicated. 2.The govt. released funds to purchase all the equipments. 3.He received a lot of informations regarding the outbreak Rule no.13.—with, along with, as well as. EG.. 1 The principal along with his teachers were present 2.The major along with his soldiers were killed Rule no.14— Every and every , each and each. Eg. 1. Every boy and every girl have started the work. 2.Each boy and each girl were given a task. Rule no.15— Ten mil Eg. 1. ten miles is a long distance. 2. five times five is twenty five. 3. fifty kgs is a heavy weight Rule no.16—There Eg. 1. There are many books in the library. 2.There is a book in the library. Rule no. 17—V2 Yesterday, ago, last month, last week.etc., Eg. 1. last night I have seen the movie. " 2.1n the year 1982 they have started the business in USA. Rule no.18.— USED TO + V1 (PAST HABIT) Eg. 1. Sachin used to play cricket. 2.Gandhi used to wear a hanging clock. (GetaLS Rule no.19 —I wish, it is time, Eg.1. I wish I had wings. me they started the work. it is right time , it is high time. Qt is right ti Rule no.20—Imagit Eg. 1. If I were you I would ask. 2.1f Gandhi were alive he would not win. nary impossible conditions..(use were instead of was) 3.Sindhu played as if she were a lion. Rule no 21—OBJECT +BE+ V3. Eg. 1. the Punjab problem has solved in 1984. 2.Mary had presented a gift by. john last Sunday. 3.The injured have taken to the nearby hospital. Rule no.22.—Have + V3. Just, just now, a moment ago, a few minutes ago, till now, so far, recently, yet. Eg. 1. The show has became popular these days. 2. 1 know that they have began the work recently. 3.The work has being done perfectly by the manager. Rule no.23— Adjective + noun. : ful,ive,ous, ble,ic,al,nt,ry,less —adjment, ness, tion, cion, sion, ce, ty, th, hood, ship, ism.—noun Eg. 1.SIS has been playing a dangerously game of destruction. 2.they have started simply tasks to entertain children. Rule no.24—Non finite verb. Eg.1. Being a Sunday he took rest. Rule no.25—Redundants. Return back , Enter into, Order for, comprises of, repeat “ngain, overt back > ac) funeral service, consorted wife, suddenly come across, discuss about, d ib about, describe about, enquire about. Eg. 1. she returned all the books back to library. 2.he entered into a room. 3.He entered into an agreement. 4.they enquired about the address 5.they enquired about the health.SUPRABHATAM PART 2 RULE NO.26 — HANG—— HANGED——HANGED HANG——HUNG——HUNG. FLY——FLEW——FLOWN FLOW——FLEW/FLOWED——FLOWED LAY——LAID——LAID LIE——LAY——LAIN LIE——LIED——LIED RISE-——RAISE PRACTICE——PRACTISE ADVICE——ADVISE Eg. 1. Much water has flown under the bridge. 2.All the clothes were hanged to the rope. 3. The cow laid beneath the tree. RULE NO.27—ENJOY,AVAIL - REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS. Eg. 1. She enjoyed the party last night 2. He availed the opportunity. RULE _NO.28—the verbs Love, like, hate, dislike, belong, believe, have, own, know, owe, forget, remember, understand, see, smell, hear, touch, taste, continue, think, seem, cost, etc. SHOULD NOT BE USED IN CONTINUOUS TENSE. (i.e. be+V1+ing). Eg. ‘1. She is loving her daughter. 2. The flower is smelling sweet 3. We are now knowing the truth 4. He is having a car. 5. He is having a cup of coffee RULE NO.29—HAD +V3= V2 Eg. 1. The film show had begun before I entered the theatre. 2. The train had departed before they reached the station, 3. After she had finished the work, she returned home. LE_NO.30—SINCE, FOR (PERFECT CONTINUOUS) 1. She has been working for ten years. 2. She said that she had been working for ten years. 3. By 2025, she will have been working for ten years. RULE NO.31— IF + V1 - WILL + V1 (CAN,MAY) IF + V2 - WOULD + VI (COULD,MAY) IF + HAD + V3 - WOULD HAVE + V3. Eg.1. if you work hard, you will get success, 2. If he played well, he would win. 3. If she had asked, I would have given. RULE NO.32— IN A SENTENCE ALL THE VERBS SHOULD BE IN SAME FORM. Eg.1. last week when I saw her, she is reading the same novel. 2. Teacher told me that | would get sco f 1 prepare well. pute moticed that they have finished the work and left the office RULE NO.33—TO APPLY SUPERLATIVE DEGREE MORE THAN TWO NOUNS ARE REQUIRED. Eg.1. She is the tallest of two sisters. 2. He is the cleyerest than any other boy in the class,SESS SOUP RABHATAM-2 . "REME, EXACT, PERFEC’ ', FULL, 10 NOT HAVE DEGREES. ce Bg. 1. The is a most unique piece of art. 2. He has done the work most perfectly. RULE NO.37— 1. Ravi is cleverer than brave. Ravi is more clever than brave 2. He is taller than strong He is more tall than strong, RULE NO.38—I, WE, YOU, Hi, SHE, rr, THEY. 1-You are younger than me. You are younger than I. RULE NO.39— 3. The climate of Bangalore is better than Mumbai. 2. Ram's salary is larger than Kiran, RULE NO.40— ARTICLE - NO ARTICLE, Diseases, Games, Languages, Metals, Name of @ person, Name of a country, Bee's, College, temple, lunch, breakfast. dinner, etc., RULE _NO.41— ‘ARTICLE - THE [nldue, creations, inventions, names of books, news instruments, superlative degree, comparison, RULE NO.42— ARTICLE — AN-A A European, An Honest Papers, cardinals, musical acronyms, special cases. RULE NO.43— TAG PART— iL PART I :is, are, was, were, have, has, had, do, does, did, modals. PART I: DO+ V1 =Vi DOES + V1 =V1+s DID + v1 = v2 RULE NO.44— TAG PART— mm NOT, NO, NAY, NOTHING, NEITHER, NONE, NEVER, HARDLY, SCARCELY, SELDOM, LITTLI FEW. RULE NO.45 — TaG PART—IV 1. Tam student - aren’t I? Tam not a student — am I? 2. Let’s play ~ shall we? Let’s not play - shall we? 3. Bring that book ~ will you? Open the door ~ will you? paretvone speaks English - do not they? RULE NO.46 — LEST - SHOULD t girl, who works hard. RULE NO.48 — WHEN THE REPORTING VERB IS ASKED OR, ENQUIRED OR QUESTIONED THE CONJUNCTION WILL BE - IF, ONE bee awa WORD. RULE NO.49 — NEITHER-NOR, EITHER-OR, NOT ONLY-BU’ Eg.1. She not only plays tensie but also chess. 2. This book will not only be liked by men but also by women RULE NO.50 — NO SOONER ~ THAN HARDLY/SCARCELY — WHEN 4 Eg. 1. As soon as she came everyone stood UP No sooner did she come than everyone stood up. 2. Hardly had she come when everyone stood up.SUPRABHATAM PART 3 RULE NO - 51— TOO ~ TO —— SO-THAT-NOT —_vERY- AND- NOT Eg.1.He is too weak to walk . He is so weak that he cannot walk. He is very weak and he cannot walk. 2. The problem is too difficult to solve. The problem is so difficult that it cannot be solved. The problem is very difficult and it cannot be solved. RULE NO - 52 — WHO: 1. She is an innocent girl She is a girl who is innocent. WHOM: 2. He is a good boy I like him very much. He is a good boy whom I like very much. WHICH: 3. This is a black board. This is a board which is black. WHERE: 4. | knew his address. I knew where he lives. WHEN: 5. I don’t know about his arrival. 1 don’t know when he will arrive RULE NO - 53 INSPITE OF/ DESPITE - THOUGH/ALTHOUGH - BUT/YET Eg.1.she was ill but she attended the class. Though she was ill she attended the class. Inspite of being ill she attended the class. Inspite of her illness she attended the class. Despite her illness she attended the class. RULE No - 54 ; V1 + ING/OWING TO — AS/SINCE — AND, SO, THEREFORE, BECAUSE —. BECAUSE OF/OWING TO 1. She worked hard (and) she got success. So/therefore 2. She got success because she worked hard. 4 ae se worked hard, she got success. . she worked hard, she got success.ar'sCCE 5, Working hard, she B0t success. kc she got success. 6. Owing to her hard wor 7, Because of her hard work she got success. 8, She got her success due to her success. and not only but also moreover further more Apart from In addition to Eg.1. besides learn! ing music, she sings songs. ‘m learning music, she sings songs. music, she sings songs. >. She not only learns music but also sings songs. usic and she sings songs. Apart fro’ In addition to Jearning 3. She learns m' RULE NO - 56 Ravi didn't attend the class even Ri Neither ravi nor raju attended the class. sitha will attend or gita will attend Rither gita or sita will attend. RULE NO - 57 Where are you going. Where you are going. What you are learning? What are you learning? RULE NO - 58 Some - Any Some - used in positive statement. Any — used in negative and interrogative sentence. Eg.1. do you have some sugar? 2. I did not see any sugar. RULE NO - 59 MUCH - UNCOUNTABLE MANY - COUNTABLE disterget cacteg RULE NO - 60 oe Further - next Farther - distance aju too. 1. initi Eg.1. they have initiated further investigatio: n.RULE NO - 61. — Elder - older g.1. I have an elder brother 2. He is older than | RULE NO - 62. Every - used when there are many Each - used when there are two I have read each book in the library (Every) RULE NO - 63. One another - used when there are many Each other - used when there are only two Eg.1.Laila and Majnu loved each other 2.We all should love one another RULE NO - 64. Another one - other one Eg.1The fruit is very sweet give me another one 2. I don't like this fruit please give me the other one R Beside - Besides Eg.1.She sat beside me. 2. She speaks English besides Hindi RULE NO - 66. Between - among Eg.1. He shared property between his two sons. 2. He shared property among his sons 3. All the ten nations have bilateral agreements between th: (Bilateral, matches, couples, pairs) RULE NO - 66. Till - until Eg.1. I shall wait till 5.30.pm 2.1 shall wait until u come. RULE NO - 67. Since - point of time For - period of time Eg.1. she has been working since 2020 2. She has been working for 20 years. For : centuries, decades, years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds, 4 while, a long, a long time, sometime.RULE NO - 68. Superior, inferior, interior, exterior, senior, junior, prefer, refer — to Eg.1. she prefers tea TO milk RULE NO -69. Members of family Pieces of chalk Pages of paper Cakes of soap Cups of tea Cups of coffee Bunches of flowers Baskets of fruits RULE No Father in laws (wrong) Fathers- in-law (right) RULE NO -71. Cousin Brother (wrong) Cousin (right) RULE NO -72. You.- he/she - 1 We - you - they Eg.1. you, he and I will go to the movie RULE NO -73. Unless — not Unless you don't work hard, you won't get success. (x) Unless you work hard, you won’t get success. RULE NO -74. Though/although — but If - suppose As - so Eg.1. though he worked hard but he failed. 2. As she was ill, so she was absent. RULE NO -75. Sequence of Adjectives. ‘Two beautiful small young white Italian dogs. Eg.1. she presented a blue big beautiful bag to her friend. She presented a beautiful big blue bagto her friend. Se ee ee a