Stages of General Anesthesia

Stage of
General Airway Breathing Circulation Drugs
Anesthesia
Plan for securing, High flow oxygen at Vasodilation leads to Intravenous:
maintaining and induction, consider, reduced systemic analgesia (opioid co-
protecting airway as pre-oxygenation vascular resistance induction, e.g.
soft tissue tone and and mean arterial fentanyl) then
reflexes are lost pressure, intubation hypnotic agent (e.g.
Induction can cause propofol
sympathetic thiopentone) with or
hypertensive without muscle
response relaxation or volatile
gas induction
(sevoflurane)
Maintain airway Maintain saturations, Maintain adequate Volatile (e.g.
position and patency ventilatory cardiac output and sevoflurane,
strategies, lung tissue perfusion, fluid isoflurane,
protection balance desflurane)
Intravenous (total
Maintenance
intravenous
anesthesia, e.g.
propofol +/-
remifentanil),
analgesia, antiemesis
Suction secretions, as Increase fraction of Time of Reversal of
airway tone and inspired oxygen, hemodynamic neuromuscular block
reflexes return plan ensure adequate instability
Emergence
for safe removal of spontaneous tidal
supraglottic device or volumes
extubation

Reference:

https://www.ucl.ac.uk/anaesthesia/sites/anaesthesia/files/IntroductionToAnaesthesia.pdf