ENGLISH 7 QUARTER 1 - WEEK 4-5

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
(LITERARY GENRES)
In this module, you will be taught how to understand the pre-colonial Philippine
literature as a means of connecting to the past; various reading styles; ways of
determining word meaning; the sounds of English and the prosodic features of speech;
and correct subject-verb agreement.

THE BIG IDEA

A paragraph is a group of related sentences serving three important purposes: • Paragraphs join together sentences into a unit that
works to support an essay’s main idea or thesis. • Paragraphs provide breaks that allow readers to pause and make sense of what they
are reading. • Paragraphs indicate the movement or development of ideas in an essay. Each new paragraph–or in some cases, clusters
of paragraphs–contributes important new information that moves a reader one step closer to an essay’s main idea.

DEEPEN YOUR UNDERSTANDING

TYPES OF PARAGRAPH:

1. Narrative Paragraph
Narrative paragraphs tell about an event or series of events, usually in chronological order. Most short stories and
newspaper articles are examples of narrative writing.
Example: For next five years, our company named CaPs and another company named BuXER. BuXER went on to create
the world’s first computer-animated film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a
remarkable turn of events, consumer electronic bought CaPs. We returned to that consumer electronic, and the technology
we developed at CaPs is at the heart of consumer electronic current renaissance.
2. Descriptive Paragraph
Descriptive paragraphs do exactly what you think they do; they describe a person, an object, or a scene in detail.
Example: The room I found myself in was very large and high. The windows were long, narrow, and pointed, and a great
distance from a dark apartment that was completely inaccessible inside. The faint light of the red light of the club passes
through the concentrated pans, and served to distinguish enough of the brightest objects around; the eye, however,
struggled in vain to reach the far corners of the room, or the edge of the curved and distressed roof of the house. Dark
cloths hung on the walls. Ordinary furniture was extravagant, luxurious, antique and durable. Many books and musical
instruments were scattered all over the place, but they failed to give strength to the scene. I felt I was breathing a spirit of
grief. ―A spirit of darkness, deep and unforgivable, hung over everyone.‖
3. Expository Paragraph
Expository paragraphs are used for explanation. They can list facts, give directions, or explain ideas. Writers also use
expository paragraphs to define terms, make comparisons, and show cause and effect. Since information in expository
writing can usually be put into categories, it often uses logical order.
Example: When students complete their assignments, they click the Mark ―As done‖ on button letting their teacher know
that they have finished. Note: The teacher does not receive an alert or email notification when work is turned on by the
students, or marked as done. If a student is turning in late work, it is recommended that when the student finishes their
work they should leave a comment for the teacher on late work or some other special circumstances.
This paragraph explains how turning in different types of assignments work. Besides, it gives some instructions to the
teacher in compliance with some soft peculiarities.
4. Persuasive Paragraphs
Persuasive paragraphs are used to share an opinion about a particular subject. Writers of persuasive paragraphs try to
convince readers to agree with the opinions in the paragraphs and, sometimes, to take action. A persuasive paragraph
often uses an order of importance.
Example: If you choose to use your position and influence to raise your voice on behalf of those who have no voice; if
you choose to point not only to the powerful, but also to the weak; If you keep the power of self-reflection in the lives of
those who do not have your own benefits, then not only will your proud families celebrate your existence, but the billions
and millions of people you have helped change their reality. We do not need magic to change the world with all the power
we need within us: we have the power to think better. ―
It is clear that the author has given much thought to how to organize such a powerful motivating section. There are
many style tools used to make writing more convincing. This leads to the conclusion that the satisfactory category
takes the same care and hard work.
Every paragraph in the body of an essay consists of three main parts: a topic sentence, some supporting sentences,
and a concluding sentence. Transition words and phrases provide links between individual paragraphs, and so are
important to consider, as well. Of these elements, the topic sentences are the most important to building a strong essay,
and deserve the most attention.
Topic Sentences
A clear topic sentence in each paragraph will assist with essay organization. Consider writing topic sentences early in the
process, while you’re working on an outline. You can return later to fill in the rest of the paragraph. Having these single
sentences figured out early makes the rest of the essay much easier to write!
ENGLISH 7 QUARTER 1 - WEEK 4-5

Supporting & Concluding Sentences

The term supporting details can be defined as additional information that explains, defines or proves an idea. Supporting
details are pieces of factual information that back up the main idea(s) you are trying to convey. These details clarify the
main idea you are describing and bring it into clear focus for those who are reading your writing or listening to what you
are saying.
Most paragraphs in an essay have a three-part structure—introduction, body, and conclusion. You can see this structure in
paragraphs whether they are narrating, describing, comparing, contrasting, or analyzing information. Each part of the
paragraph plays an important role in communicating your meaning to your reader.
Introduction: the first section of a paragraph; should include the topic sentence and any other sentences at the beginning
of the paragraph that give background information or provide a transition.
Body: follows the introduction; discusses the controlling idea, using facts, arguments, analysis, examples, and other
information.
Conclusion: the final section; summarizes the connections between the information discussed in the body of the
paragraph and the paragraph’s controlling idea.

APPLY YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Read each paragraph carefully and decide whether it is a narrative, descriptive, expository, or persuasive
paragraph. Label it appropriately in the blank.

________________1. Paragraph Type (narrative, descriptive, expository, or persuasive) To be healthy, teens can
exercise, eat nutritious foods, and keep themselves safe. First, participating in various kinds of fitness can keep them in
shape. This can include walking, riding their bikes, and playing sports. Next, maintaining a nutrient-rich diet can help
teens stay well. Three balanced meals and two wholesome snacks a day can keep their health on track. Finally, staying
out of dangerous situations can keep teens healthy. Avoiding strangers, wearing seatbelts in cars, and checking smoke
detectors are all great ways to accomplish this task. Teens who follow these tips will keep their bodies unharmed and in
good physical shape.
________________2. Paragraph Type (narrative, descriptive, expository, or persuasive) One of the oddest coincidences
in my life happened when I left America to visit Seoul, South Korea. A friend and I wanted to visit a castle in Seoul, so
we found some locals who agreed to take us to see it. As we were walking up some steps from one part of the grounds to
another, I saw some people watching us from the top of the steps. When I got to the top, someone I had never seen
before mentioned my sister’s name and asked if I was her sister. I almost couldn’t talk! How could these people know
my sister, who lived in Australia? They explained that they were my sister’s neighbors in Australia and that I looked just
like her. It was the strangest experience in my life!
_________________3. Paragraph Type (narrative, descriptive, expository, or persuasive) Pets should be allowed in
school for a number of reasons. First, they help students feel more comfortable. Some students feel very uncomfortable
in a school setting, but taking along a pet gerbil or gecko might help students relax. Also, students can make friends
more easily with a pet. A pet frog or tarantula can gather quite a crowd; and when students see what pets they have in
common, they can unite around their common interests. Finally, pets can keep students safe. Who wants to bully a
student who has a protective dog with him? For all of these reasons, students should be allowed to take their pets to
school.
____________________4. Paragraph Type (narrative, descriptive, expository, or persuasive) Hanging on my bedroom
wall is a picture of a train. Sometimes, when I’m lying on my bed, I take a closer look. The front of the train has a
number of flags, but they don’t look like today’s American flag. Instead, these flags have stripes and a circle of stars.
The train is at a station, and the conductor is walking toward the tracks in front of the train. Is he preparing to speak to all
of the hat-wearing men and children behind him, or is he checking out the tracks? I can’t decide. The clock on the post
outside the station says it is about six fifteen, and I’m guessing that it’s evening and not morning since it doesn’t look
dark. I can just imagine the smell of coal and hear the sound of the train as it snorts and breathes, chomping at the bit to
get moving. The picture always makes me think about life in the past.
____________________5. Paragraph Type (narrative, descriptive, expository, or persuasive) All students should be
required to learn how to use the internet. First, because the web gives students access to a tremendous amount of
research from the comfort of school or home, they can save time doing research if they learn to use this resource. For
example, if students want to write about poodles, they can easily go to a search engine and find all of the resources they
could possibly want or need on the topic. Next, the internet allows instant communication with access to everything from
email to Skype. Students who have access to the web can communicate with parents and friends during breaks, resolving
issues or letting parents know about a schedule change. Finally, learning to use the internet will help students compete in
the highly-competitive and technologically-savvy world. Many jobs today require employees to use the internet, and if
students don’t know how to do this, they will be stuck in lower-paying jobs. Clearly, the internet is a necessity in today’s
world, so all students should learn how to use it.
ENGLISH 7 QUARTER 1 - WEEK 4-5

Directions: Read the questions carefully and choose the correct answer

1. What do you call that indicates the movement or development of ideas in an essay?
a. Story b. Poem c. Essay d. Paragraph
2. What kind of paragraph that tries to convince readers to agree with the opinions in the paragraphs and, sometimes, to
take action? a. Persuasive b. Descriptive c. Narrative d. Expository
3. What kind of paragraph that describes a person, an object, or a scene in detail?
a. Persuasive b. Descriptive c. Narrative d. Expository
4. What kind of paragraph that can list facts, give directions, or explain ideas?
a. Persuasive b. Descriptive c. Narrative d. Expository
5. What kind of paragraph that tells about an event or series of events, usually in chronological order?
a. Persuasive b. Descriptive c. Narrative d. Expository

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Read and analyze the paragraph below.

There are many reasons why people move. Some move to find better jobs or to advance their careers. Others are attracted
to places with better weather. Still others want to move to a place with less crime. Finally people often want to move to a
place with a lower cost of living. For these reasons, every year millions of people pack up and move to new places.

1. Which sentence above is the topic sentence?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Which sentences are the supporting details in the paragraph?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. How many supporting details are in the paragraph?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Is there a concluding sentence? ____________________________

5. What are the reasons why do people move?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________