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English
Quarter 4 – Module 5:
Developing Paragraphs that
Illustrate Each Text Type

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English – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 5: Developing Paragraphs that Illustrate Each Text Type
First Edition, 2020

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ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Edita C. Aquino

Editor: Keena Marie M. Sibug
Reviewer: June D. Cunanan, Rolylyn H. Dado, Kennet Rey C. Bansil, Carolina Tayag
Layout Artist: Erwin H. Iruma

Management Team: May B. Eclar EdD, CESO III

Librada M. Rubio PhD
Ma. Editha R. Caparas EdD
Ramil G. Ilustre PhD
Celia R. Lacanlale PhD
Ruby M. Jimenez PhD
June D. Cunanan

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Region III

Office Address: Diosdado Macapagal Government Center, Maimpis,

City of San Fernando (P)
Telefax: (045) 598-8580 to 89; (045) 402-7003 to 05
E-mail Address: region3@deped.gov.ph

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the English 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Developing

Paragraphs that Illustrate Each Text Type !
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from
public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed
21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the
learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the
module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the English 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Developing

Paragraphs that Illustrate Each Text Type!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of
the learning resource while being an active learner.

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 What I Need to Know

This module will assist you in helping learners to become aware in developing
paragraphs that illustrate each text type such as narrative in literature, expository/explanatory,
factual and personal recount, and persuasive.
Please help the learners in sharing their ideas and knowledge from their experiences
so that there will be collaboration and learning will be easy and fun.
Answers are written at the back of this module. Inculcate to the learners the value of
honesty while answering this module.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
1. identify text types used in given paragraphs;
2. identify the main idea in paragraphs; and
3. write a five-sentence paragraph using a given text type.

What I Know
Guess the Riddle!
Let us see what you know about our new lesson. Read the following riddles and try to
guess if the paragraph being described is Narrative in literature, Expository/Explanatory,
Personal recount, Factual recount, or Persuasive.

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Lesson
Developing Paragraphs that
1 Illustrate each Text Type
Developing a paragraph that conforms to a main controlling idea is an effective tool
in expressing one’s thoughts. Likewise, each type of paragraph serves different purpose
based on the writer’s intention. This could be to entertain, to inform, to explain, to
persuade, or to narrate an event or a story.

What’s In

Coherence is one of the major considerations in composing effective paragraphs. As a review

from the previous lesson, construct an acrostic for the word COHERENCE. Using the
Acrostic below, list down words you learned from the previous lesson which are essential in
composing effective paragraphs. The first letter is done for you. Write your answers on your
answer sheet.

C – onnect ideas
O-
H-
E-
R-
E-
N-
C-
E-

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 Notes to the Teacher
The teacher must consider the prerequisite skills needed in the
development of this competency including the schema or background
knowledge which may reinforce learning. This module will help the
learners bridge the gap of learning to attain mastery of the lesson in its
spiral progression.

What’s New
Your Type Sounds Familiar!
Now that you are done with your previous learning refresher, this is the time to have a
quick check on what you already know about our new lesson.
For your initial activity, read the following text carefully and determine the intention
of the writer in writing these texts. Choose an answer from the pool of words below. Write
the letter of the correct answer in your answer sheet.

A. Entertain
B. Inform
C. Narrate
D. Persuade

____1. Together, we can make it. Nothing is impossible if we are united. We work together,
we succeed together. Let’s do this!
____2. Writing is a delicate and step-by-step process. First, you write your draft. Afterwards,
you proofread and edit. Lastly, you rewrite your final work.
____3. It is indeed a new day for students at this time of pandemic. They wake up in the
morning preparing for their class. They read their modules and answer activities. It
is them who handle and manage their time in studying in this new normal.
____4. Your future lies in your hands. It is you who decide on what you will become in the
coming years. Always weigh the situation. So, to speak, decide wisely.
____5. Mulan is a story of girl who loves his father so much to the point of disguising herself
as a man to be trained for war. It is on her journey where she finds true friendship
and true love at the same time.

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 What Is It

What is Paragraph Development?

Paragraphs are defined as collection of sentences united within a main topic or topic
sentence. Therefore, paragraph development is the writer’s elaboration of the topic presented
to the readers using relative supporting details.
From an article in the Defiance College website entitled The Writing Process, a
simple way to develop paragraphs is through a MEAL Plan. This stands for Main idea,
Evidence, Analysis, Link.
 Main idea – decide on the topic sentence or controlling idea that will directs
readers’ focus.
 Evidence – write supporting details that explains or elaborate the main idea/topic
sentence and provide examples.
 Analysis – refers to the conclusion of the writer based on the given supporting
details, also, it agrees to the main idea presented.
 Link – the use of transitional words such as likewise, however, on the other hand,
first, next, afterwards, for example, and in addition in linking and building
relationships among sentences in each paragraph.
Text Types
There are various ways in presenting evidence or supporting details to further
elaborate the main idea. These are what we called text types: narrative in literature,
expository or explanatory, factual and personal recount, and persuasive. The given chart
below will provide you information on how these text types differ from one another.

Intention/
Text Type Point of View Purpose Content

Narrative in Retells stories from start Fictional or non-fictional

literature to finish stories and characters
Third person
Second person Explains how Process or procedures,
Expository/
or something works or steps or ways to do
Explanatory done
Third person
News reports, incidents,
biographies, historical texts
Third person Reports particulars of
Factual recount
events objectively
Narrates own Past personal experiences
Personal recount experiences
First person
First person or Convinces the reader Strong, moving, and
Persuasive
Second person to do something convincing words

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Writing Tips:
1. Main idea or topic sentence is advisable to be written at the beginning or near the
beginning of the paragraph to determine the topic being developed. Keep on track!
2. Check if the paragraph’s body and conclusion are in support to the main idea or topic
sentence. Unity is a must!
3. Review the different kinds and functions of transitional devices—treat them as your
best friends. Surely, you will be in good hands!
4. Choice of words is important if you want to be understood. Remember to KISS. Keep
It Short and Simple!
5. Enrich your vocabulary through constant reading. Indeed, it adds confidence in your
writing!

What’s More

Independent Activity 1
Put a Check on It!

HINT!
Statements based on factual recount are direct and objective while those on
personal recount are subjectively written wherein the writer builds relationship
to the readers.
Let us have a little try-out. Put a check (✓) on statements that are based on factual recount.
Leave it blank if it is based on personal recount. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
_____1. Islam was founded by Muhammad in the early 7 th C.E. at Mecca in modern-day
Saudi Arabia.
_____2. Mesopotamia is the old name of Iraq.
_____3. Since day one, it is still more fun and exciting in the Philippines.
_____4. In Chinese cosmology, the paired design of a dragon and a tiger symbolizes water
and wind.
_____5. It was in the 6th century B.C.E. when Cyrus the Great founded the multi-state
Persian empire in Central and West Asia.
_____6. Japanese, like Filipinos, are hospitable too.
_____7. I can say that Korean dramas are commendable in terms of lessons about family
and love.
_____8. The Angkor Wat in Siem Reap, Cambodia was known as one of the world’s largest
religious monument built during the cultural ―golden age‖ in Southeast Asia.
_____9. Wat Po is the home of the world’s largest Reclining Golden Buddha found in
Thailand.
_____10. Being religious is one of the characteristics of our African brothers similar among
us Asians.
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/start-here-apah/brief-histories-apah/a/a-brief-
history-of-the-cultures-of-asia
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Independent Assessment 1
Read-Track-and-Tell!
Read each paragraph carefully and answer the questions that follow. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.

Paragraph 1:

CNN Philippines reported last February 6, 2020 that the total COVID 19
cases in the country have reached 535, 521. From this total number of cases,
1,941 were considered new cases. According to the report, the Department of
Health stated that 6.7% of the total cases were active or ill cases, 88.4% were
experiencing mild symptoms, 6.8% with no symptoms, 2.2% were in critical
condition, 2.1% were severe, and 0.48% were in moderate condition.
https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/2/6/covid-19-update-february-6-2021.html

1. What is the paragraph all about?

A. The report of CNN Philippines
B. The number of new COVID 19 cases in the Philippines
C. The total number of COVID 19 cases in the Philippines
D. The percentage of active, critical, and severe conditions of COVID 19 cases in
the Philippines
2. List down the details that support the main idea or topic sentence by completing the table
below. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

COVID 19 Cases Percentage (%)

a. Active/ill cases
b. 2.2 %
c. Severe
d. 0.48 %
e. Mild symptoms
f. 6.8%

3. What text type did the writer use in presenting her subject?
A. Factual recount
B. Personal recount
4. State your reason/s for your answer in Question #3.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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Paragraph 2:

It was during our school semestral break when I had my first trip in
Boracay. I spent a two-day vacation and had the chance to go on an island
hopping and explore three of its nearby islands—Crystal Cove Island, Puka Beach
and Crocodile Island which is a great spot for snorkeling and scuba diving. The
nighttime in this place was warming and exciting at the same time because of the
lights, sounds, and music as the fire dancers swayed to its beat. I thought it would
only be in books and pictures. It was indeed a dream come true that I was once
here, sitting on and feeling the pearly white sand of Boracay.

1. What is the paragraph all about?

A. The writer’s first trip in Boracay
B. The dream of the writer to visit Boracay
C. The writer’s two-day vacation in Boracay
D. The places visited by the writer in Boracay
2. Which of the following statements does not directly support the main idea or topic
sentence of the paragraph?
A. Number of days the writer spent his vacation in Boracay
B. Writer’s description of the nighttime in Boracay
C. Nearby islands visited by the writer in Boracay
D. The time when the writer visited Boracay
3. What is the conclusion made by the writer in the paragraph?
A. Her nighttime spent in Boracay
B. Her description of Boracay’s white sand
C. Her list of island-hopping activities in Boracay
D. Her restatement that it was a dream come true to be in Boracay
4. What text type did the writer use in presenting her subject?
A. Factual recount
B. Personal recount
5. Why? State your reason or reasons for your answer in Question #4.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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Independent Activity 2
Story Tell or Tell Me How?

HINT! Narrative paragraphs retell events in story chronologically whether it is

fictional or non-fictional while expository or explanatory paragraphs inform the
readers how something is done or the process of doing something.

Work on this starter activity for a self-learning check. Complete the table below by
classifying the given topics or subjects if these are for narrative or for expository/explanatory
paragraphs. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

Choose here! Narrative

1. Baking 101: Homemade Oat

Cookies
2. Five Easy Steps in Writing
Haiku
3. Life Revealed: First Female
Fighter Pilot in India
4. Metamorphosis of Butterflies
5. Once Upon A Time in Sahara Expository/Explanatory
6. Do-It-Yourself Kabuki Mask
7. The Lady Who Wears Hanbok
8. How to Cook Sinigang
9. The Life of Nelson Mandela
10. Water Cycle

Independent Assessment 2
Read each paragraph carefully and answer the given questions that follow. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.
Paragraph 1:
Chinese New Year is the longest celebrated holiday in China. It is also known as
Spring Festival for it is the time to pray to their ancestors for good harvest. Likewise, it is
known as the Lunar New Year celebrated by China’s neighboring countries—North and
South Korea and Vietnam. During this holiday, families from different places gather to

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celebrate. Before the day of celebration, they decorate their homes with red lanterns because
red is a lucky color for them. Also, children receive red envelopes which we know today as
―ampao‖ to pass blessings from parents to their children. During New Year’s Eve, Chinese
people light firecrackers to put away bad luck and spirits. In the morning, they light
firecrackers again, this time, to welcome good luck. Most of these Chinese beliefs and
traditions during New Year are also practiced by many people around the globe, especially in
Asia.
1. The paragraph is about____________________________________________________.
2. What are the activities done during the celebration? Enumerate these using
short sentences.
3. How did the writer end the paragraph?
4. What text type did the writer use in presenting his/her topic?
A. Expository/Explanatory
B. Narrative
5. Why? State your reason or reasons for your answer in Question #4.

Paragraph 2:

William Kamkwamba, the main character in the movie The Boy Who Harnessed the
Wind, is an African teenage boy from Malawi who was thrown out of school because his
family could no longer afford to pay for his fees. But this situation did not stop him to pursue
his dreams for his family and for the people in their community. William was fond of
reading, especially books about electricity and energy. With the knowledge he gained from
his readings, a brilliant mind to create and invent something valuable from scrap and
discarded electronics, and his will to better the lives of his family and the people in their
community—he built a windmill. At first, no one believed him. He was mocked and
discouraged. But these did not break his wall of courage and determination. His invention
paved the way in producing electricity and water irrigation that benefit the people in their
community during drought and hunger. This story of William became an inspiration to many
and was recognized by people across the globe.
1. The paragraph is about____________________________________________________.
2. Retell in short sentences the story you have read on the given paragraph using the given
Flow Chart below.

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3. The writer concluded the paragraph by telling __________________________________.
4. What text type did the writer use in presenting his/her topic?
A. Expository/Explanatory
B. Narrative
5. Why? State your reason or reasons for your answer in Question #4.

Independent Activity 3

HINT! Coined from the word persuade, persuasive paragraphs are written
using strong, moving, and convincing words. These types of paragraphs aim to
convince the reader to perform an action or do something.

Do this warm-up activity that will help you identify contents of persuasive
paragraphs. Read the phrases on the cloud and classify them as to strong or weak ones. Write
your answers on your answer sheet.

Strong

Now is the time

Think of it Do it now
You are good

Keep moving

Choose your friends

Weak
Believe and work for it

Be at your best

Do your best

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Independent Assessment 3
Read the paragraph carefully. Then, answer the questions that follow. Write your answers on
your answer sheet.

Our state of being lies on our state of thinking. What we think is what
we do and act out—more often than not. Therefore, we must train our minds
and practice positive thinking; no matter what the situation is. We must learn
the habit of doing it in our lives, as well as when we mingle with other people
because we cannot always please everybody. Learning the habit of positive
thinking will lessen the doubts and negativity that we might encounter along
the way of life. Tomorrow is not the time. It is today and now.

1. What is the main idea/topic sentence of the paragraph?

2. What does the writer would like the readers to do?
3. How did the writer end the paragraph?
4. List down phrases or sentences from the paragraph which for you are strong, moving,
and convincing.
5. After reading the paragraph, were you convinced to do what the writer is telling you
to do? Why?

What I Can Do

Read the given situations below carefully. Use one text type of your choice that best suits
your chosen situation. Do this on your answer sheet.

Situation 1:

You are running for the position as a Grade 9 Representative of the

Supreme Student Government for School Year 2021-2022. The school will hold
the election next month. As a preparation, your presidential candidate asks you
to write a short paragraph of five (5) sentences as a self-introduction to convince
your co-students to vote for you in the coming SSG election.

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Situation 2:

You are the elected class president of your section, and the school will
hold the Supreme Student Government election next week. For this reason,
your class adviser assigned you to write a simple self-guide of five (5)
sentences to be used by your classmates this coming election.

What I Have Lear ned

So Cloze!
Complete this cloze test by filling in the blanks with the correct words based on what you
have learned from this module.

There are text types that a writer uses in presenting his thoughts and ideas. Some of
these are: (1)_______________________ where the writer tells readers the logical sequence
of events in a story, (2)______________________ where the process of doing something is
being told, (3)______________________ where the writer recalls his past experiences,
(4)______________________ where he retells events from news, reports, and records
objectively, and (5)__________________ where he convinces the readers to make an action.

Assessment

Read the following statements carefully. Then answer the questions that follow. Do this in
your answer sheet.
1. A paragraph that retells a story from the writer’s own experience is called…
A. Expository/Explanatory C. Persuasive
B. Factual recount D. Personal recount
2. This paragraph recaps the series of events from a fictional or non-fictional story to inform
or to entertain the readers. What type of paragraph is this?
A. Expository/Explanatory C. Narrative in literature
B. Factual recount D. Persuasive
3. Which among the text types would this main idea/topic sentence best go with: We, Asians
are known not only for our ―physical resilience‖ but also for our ―mental resilience?
A. Expository/Explanatory C. Narrative in literature
B. Factual recount D. Persuasive

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4. A paragraph which main goal is to inform the readers about a specific subject in an
objective manner is called…
A. Expository/Explanatory C. Persuasive
B. Factual recount D. Personal recount
5. Which among the text types would this title best go with: World Health Organization
declares COVID-19—Pandemic?
A. Expository/Explanatory C. Persuasive
B. Factual recount D. Personal recount
6. The intention of the writer in this paragraph is to show in specifics how something is
done.
A. Expository/Explanatory C. Narrative in literature
B. Factual recount D. Persuasive
7. This paragraph contains strong, moving, and convincing words of the writer to sway
readers’ point of view.
A. Expository/Explanatory C. Narrative in literature
B. Factual recount D. Persuasive
8. Which among the text types would this main idea/topic sentence best go with: I never
thought this pandemic would open doors for more quality time spent with my family?
A. Expository/Explanatory C. Persuasive
B. Factual recount D. Personal recount
9. Which among the following is not considered as a content of a factual recount?
A. Past experiences C. Historical texts
B. News D. Biographies
10. This refers to the supporting details that explains or elaborate the focal sentence of a
paragraph and provide examples at the same time.
A. Analysis C. Links
B. Evidence D. Main idea

Addi ti onal Acti vi ti es

Choose one from the five text types/paragraphs and develop your own composition
consisting of at least five (5) sentences about a topic of your choice. Write your answer on
your notebook.

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WHAT I KNOW WHAT’S IN WHAT’S NEW
1. Narrative Answers may vary. 1. D
2. Personal recount 2. B
3. Expository/Explanatory 3. C
4. Persuasive 4. D
5. Factual recount 5. A
Independent Independent Independent
Activity 1 Assessment 1: Paragraph 1 Activity 2
1. √ 1. C Narrative
2. √ 2. a. 6.7%, b. critical, c. 2.1%, 3,5,7,9
3. d. moderate, e. 88.4%,
4. √ f. no symptoms Expository
5. √ 3. A 1,2,4,6,8,10
6. 4. Answers may vary.
7. Paragraph 2:
8. √ 1. A
9. √ 2. D
10. 3. D
4. B
5. Answers may vary.
Independent Independent Independent Assessment
Assessment 2 Activity 3 Assessment 3 1. D
Paragraph 1: Strong Answers may vary. 2. C
Nos.1,2,3,5  Now is the time 3. D
Answers may vary.  Do it now What I Have Learned 4. B
#4 A  Keep moving 1. Narrative in 5. B
 Choose your friends literature 6. A
Paragraph 2:  Believe and work for it 2. Expository 7. D
Nos.1,2,3,5  Do your best /Explanatory 8. D
Answers may vary. Weak 3. Personal 9. A
#4 B 4. Factual 10. B
 Think of it
5. Persuasive
 Make friends
 Be at your best
Answer Key
References
Defiance College. The Writing Process. Retrieved on February 8, 2021.
https://library.defiance.edu/writingprocess/paragraphdevelopment
Khan Academy. A Brief History of the Cultures of Asia. Retrieved on February 8, 2021.
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/start-here-apah/brief-
histories-apah/a/a-brief-history-of-the-cultures-of-asia
Literacy Ideas. A Complete Guide to Writing a Recount for Students and Teachers. Retrieved
on February 8, 2021. https://www.literacyideas.com/recounts
Literacy Ideas. Understanding the Different Text Types. Retrieved on February 9, 2021.
https://www.literacyideas.com/different-text-types
The Writing Center. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Paragraphs. Retrieved on
February 8, 2021. https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-
tools/paragraphs/#:~:text=Paragraph%20development%20continues%20with%20an,o
r%20focus%20of%20the%20paragraph.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education-Region III

Learning Resource Management Section

Diosdado Macapagal Government Center,

Maimpis, City of San Fernando (P)
Telefax: (045) 598-8580 to 89; (045) 402-7003 to 05

Email Address: region3@deped.gov.ph

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