▪
Catalysing effects：Aviation…
Enables worldwide mobility
Links German industry with
international division of labour
Increases the attractiveness of a
country as a business and leisure
location
Positive effect
Aviation industry is a driver of
employment (1/2)
Positive and negative external
effects of civil aviation
Negative effects
Share of air traffic of global CO2-emissions
before Crisis
however, need to evaluate with a wholistic
ecological view
Airlines count on efficiency improvements
and alternative drive technologies to reduce
CO2-emissions
Availability of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (
SAF) will be definitely limited and therefore
a central bottleneck
In comparison to fossil fuel(化⽯燃料) a
competitive price level of SAF is not to be
expected in due time
Fitfor55 as drafted poses the aviation
industry to significant challenges
In detail: Air quality and climate EU taxonomy effects:
protection
EU regulation for taxonomy:
EU taxonomy defines new reporting
obligation to evaluate ecologically
sustainable business activities
Despite airport expansion and traffic growth,
Fraport has
made significant reduction in CO2 over time (
Fraport is committed to climate protection Scope 1 & 2)
– like the aviation industry as a whole
Lecture 3:
Social and
Environmental
Challenges Target of 80 thousand t. of CO2 in 2030 will
be realized by
three key elements - by 2045 FRA plans to
be CO2-free
Distinguish between air quality and the global
climate impact of CO2 emissions (Air quality
in the airport environment and the
significance of global aviation emissions on
the climate are two different issues.)
air quality
The measured air pollutants also depend on
meteorological factors
Special topic “UFP“: What are ultrafine
particles（超细颗粒）?
noise measurement and monitoring
Significant decline in flights between
23:00 and 05:00 h since 2011
active noise prevention
Airport charges in FRA motivate airlines
to use quieter aircraft
In detail: Noise and noise
protection against the impact of aircraft noise
communication and complaint handling
passive noise protection
Airports have to find ways to get to net zero
carbon emission to protect global climate
and must support the efforts of all airport
related suppliers and customers to reduce
carbon emissions
At least equally important is the safeguarding
of the local environment of the airport: active
and passive noise protection by suitable
action programs, monitoring and protecting
Airport management means to take on air quality.
responsibility for environmental issues
Conclusion connected to airport operations Hard facts in terms of safety measures are
good, but to communicate fair and
transparent is even better
And collaboration（合作） with all partners
involved is key to success not only in the
airport environment, but on a national and
international level.
This picture changes in favour of aviation if
considering the wholistic ecological balance
of the transport modes（运输⽅式的全⾯⽣态
平衡）
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▪
▪
Financing through loan capital
Green Bonds（绿⾊/环保债券）
Federal funding programmes
Financing through KfW and EIB
Investors´ decisions (capital market)
As part of the non-financial declaration（⾮财
务性声明） of the annual report activities.
2021 only these requirements have to be
fulfilled. Reporting is obligatory （强制的）for
the ecologically sustainable share of
turnover, capex and opex.
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Replacement of old systems (heating,
cooling, ventilation), otherwise energetic
renovation
Conversion to LED
Replacement of GFA motors
Reducing idling in ground processes
Building simulation and adjustment of
operating parameters (e. g. temperatures,
1) Reduce energy consumption ▪air exchange rates, usage)
▪
Ongoing program for the gradual
conversion of the vehicle fleet to alternative
▪
2) Change of energy sources ones
▪
Own generation of solar power on site
Obtaining electricity from offshore wind
power via PPA
Optimal use of the given supply structures
▪ 3) Emission-free energy generation through digitalization and storage
In the airport environment, it is about the
contribution of airport operations to the
total pollution in the ambient air with air
pollutants, in particular with “classic”, limit-
regulated air pollutants (NO (nitrogen oxide),
NO2, SO2, O3 etc.) – thus local effect.
▪
With regard to the climate impact of
aviation, the focus is primarily on CO2
emissions and their contribution to the
anthropogenic greenhouse effect on a global
level.
Meteorology：/ˌmitɪə'rɑlədʒi/ ⽓象学；
relative humidity相对湿度；
▪
The core task of the FFR is the dialogue
between the region and the aviation industry,
as well as the discussion of the effects of air
traffic with particular reference to Frankfurt
Forum Flughafen und Region (FFR) Airport and the Rhine-Main-Region.
The FLK advices on measures for the
protection against flight
noise and air pollution caused by aircraft. It
joining forces is entitled to develop
and to propose mitigation measures.
The office of FFR and FLK is
▪the
Environmental and Neighbourhood House in
Kelsterbach, which also serves▪ as a
Fluglärmkommission (FLK) neutral information point for citizens.
Off-peak-hours:
The period between 22:00 h to 23:00 h and
The amount of flight movements in the so- 05:00 h to 06:00 h
called mediation hours between 23:00 and An average of 133 scheduled aircraft
05:00 h shows a significant decline since movements are permitted per night
runway northwest became operational in 2011 (average value per year, currently: far below)
Airport charges are used to refinance the
infrastructure, related services and passive
noise protection.
They must be directly related to the actual
investments and operating costs and must
be approved by the civil aviation authorities
in accordance with §19b LuftVG. ▪
The take-off and landing fees include a
noise-dependent component, which has
been increased by around 100 % since 2012. ▪
Visualizing of the sound levels and the
values measured as aircraft noise, recorded
by the Fraport aircraft noise measurement
▪
stations.
Display of level profiles and tracking of
climb/descent profiles and flight
movements, as well as recognition of the
Fraport Noise Monitoring
▪ FRA.NoM distance of an aircraft flying by.
Interactive provision of current information
as well as statistical data on flight
operations and the resulting aircraft noise
exposure
Various information and communication
Representation of:
is available online
− Approach- and departure routes as well as
traffic figures
− Noise profiles day and night (from 2011)
− Fact sheet to generate an individual,
accurate and printable report based on the
local aircraft noise situation
FRA Map − Information on the action programme
Goal: Protection of private households
against the detriment（/ˈdetrɪmənt/损害n.）
of aircraft noise by structural measures (e. g.
insulation of window headers, soundproof
Structural passive noise protection windows, venting systems审查制度)
Goal: Compensation(赔偿) for aircraft
noise related impairment of the outdoor
living
area
→ one-time compensation payment for
impairment of the outdoor living area on the
basis of lump sums（⼀次性付清） or on the
reducing the negative effects of flight Compensation of outdoor living areas basis of market value
operations
Goal: Protecting the roofing against gusts of
wind caused by wake vortices（尾流涡旋）
→ The entire measure can be handled
Prevention programme for roof protection by Fraport or the owner
Goal: Protection of traders against the
damage of their business activities by
aircraft noise
→ noise prevention, compensation
payment for outdoor areas or claim for cost
Noise protection for traders absorption（合并/同化）
Mastering social and environmental
challenges of an airport means laying
continuous focus on the topic
and liaise（/lɪ'eɪz/联络v.） with business
partners, customers, authorities and the
broad public to make progress.