Flores, Morella Fe I.

BS Nursing-2A
Purposive Communication
Research Analysis

Title: The Impact of Formal and Informal Communication in Organizations

A Case Study of Government and Private Organizations in Gilgit-Baltistan
Author: Muhammad Saleem

Objectives:

This study aimed to discuss the impact of both the formal and informal
communication among organizations. It identified the impacts whether it is an
advantage or disadvantage for the skills of the employees. It also determined the
importance of both informal and formal communication in an organization. It also
adhere to connect with the future researcher of the study to take note of the following
recommendations in the study.

As stated in the study the specific objectives are the following;

 To assess the effectiveness of informal communication in organizations.

 To develop the awareness of the importance of informal communication.
 To find out the benefits of informal communication.

Data Gathering Procedure:

The researcher gathered the data through distribution of questionnaires for

employees with the sample of 20 from the following selected organizations; Karakoram
International University (KIU) as governmental organization and Aga Khan Planning and
Building Services Pakistan (AKPBSP) as non-governmental organization.

The researcher undergone three steps; formulating assumption, collecting the

required data, and analyzing data with drawing conclusions. The purpose of the study
was hypothesis testing and an exploratory type of investigation. The units for the
purpose of analysis were the individuals within an organization i.e. employees of
government and non-government organizations of Gilgit region.
Results:

The researcher collected data from the three said steps above. First, the
formulation of assumptions wherein it indicated the following hypotheses;

 Ho1: Informal learning improves employee’s performance which results in improved

organizations performance.
 Ha1: Informal learning neither leads to improved employee’s performance nor leads
to improved organization’s performance.
 Ho2: Informal learning improves job related skills which influences pay and reward
system.
 Ha2: Informal learning does not improve job related skills and has no effect on pay
and reward system.
 Ho3: Organization’s performance increases by implementing informally learnt skills
in real situation.
 Ha3: There is no effect of informally learnt skills on organization’s performance.

Next, the researcher collected the data through the following guidelines and
standards; Interpretation and Discussions, Age Distribution of Employees, Gender, Type
of Organization, Department where Employees are working, Qualification of the
Employees, and Experience of the Employees.

Finally, the researcher did the Hypothesis Testing with analysis of the data and
drawing the conclusions through which it resulted as there stated that; Hypothesis 1 is
accepted, where informal learning is the cause of improved performance of employees;
Hypothesis 2 is accepted, where it was proven that job related skills improved by
informal learning increases their pay and reward system; and Hypothesis 3 is accepted,
where organizations performance is increased if the employees implement their skills
resulted from informal learning in real situation.

Conclusion:

This research concluded the result of the gathered data through the selected
organization of the study exhibited that majority of the employees were familiar with
informal learning in their organizations. The skills as well as organizational capability
were increased due to the influence of informal learning in their organizations. It also
increased their efficiency and effectiveness while performing formal routine tasks. As a
result of the improved performance of employees in different organizational sectors
under consideration Karakoram International University as government organization
and AKPBSP as non-government.

As stated according to Tissot, 2004, “Informal learning means to learn in a

surrounding where a person is directed to be involved in learning process informally.
Learning becomes a part of his/her work on non-regular basis. This form of learning is
concerned with the daily routine activities of work, with family or with friends or leisure
time”. As informal learning is associated within an organization, skills and attitude of
these individuals ultimately impacts on the organizational output. Its productivity and
performance are improved by the aid of improved performance of employees
associated with informal learning. After the analyzation and interpretation of data, it has
been concluded that informal learning has a greater influence on the performance of
employees of organizations.