VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

JNANA SANGAMA, Belagavi-590018, Karnataka

Mini Project Report

On

“TIMER BASED AUTOMATIC POWER ADAPTOR”

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Engineering
In

Electronics and Communication Engineering

Submitted by
J S SWAROOP 1VI19EC060
KALLUR BABY AKSHATHA 1VI19EC065
KAMALAPURAM MAHESWAR REDDY 1VI19EC066
KEERTHAN R 1VI19EC068

Under the guidance of

Dr. Sunil H
Associate Professor

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

VEMANA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to VTU & Approved by AICTE)
#1, Mahayogi Vemana Road, Koramangala, Bengaluru– 560034
2021-22
 Karnataka Reddy Jana Sangha®

VEMANA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)
Koramangala, Bengaluru-560034

DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the mini project work entitled “IOT BASED GAS LEAKAGE DETECTION”, is
carried out by LIKHITH Y S (1VI19EC071), NISHANTH J (1VI19EC096), PARTHIBAN M
(1VI19EC100), and PAVAN B M (1VI19EC102) in partial fulfilment for the award of Bachelor
of Engineering degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering, Visvesvaraya
Technological University (VTU), Belagavi during the academic year 2021-2022.
The mini project report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of the
project work prescribed for the said degree.

Guide Head of the Department Principal

(Prof. Manasa Charitha) (Dr. Chandra Shekar S M) (Dr. Vijayasimha Reddy B G)

External Viva

Name of the Examiners Signature with date

1.

2.
 TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTERS TITLE PAGE NO

Acknowledgement
i
Abstract
ii
List of figures
iii

1
INTRODUCTION 1-2
1.1 Aim 2
1.2 objective 2
2
LITERATURE SURVEY 3-5

3
FIELD OF APPLICATION 6-7
OF GAS DETECTION
3.1 Nuclear power plants
3.2 conventional power plants
3.3 Refineries
3.4 Chemical and petrochemical
Plant
3.5 Long distance city
heating Pipelines
3.6 Communal wastewater
Pipelines
4 DESIGN METHODOLOGY
4.1 System design 8-13
4.2 System architecture 8
4.3 Hardware Requirements 8
4.3.1 ESP8266 9
4.3.2 MQ 2 Gas sensor 10-11
4.4 Software Requirements 12
13
5 DESIGN FLOW 14

6 DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION
6.1 Code Explanation 15-19
6.2 Code 15
6.3 Code Implementation 16-17
18-19

7 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 20-22

CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We sincerely thank Visvesvaraya Technology University (VTU) for providing a platform to do the
project work.

We express our sincere thanks to Dr. Vijayasimha Reddy B G, Principal, Vemana Institute of
Technology, Bengaluru, for providing necessary facilities and motivation to carry out project work
successfully.

We express heartfelt gratitude and humble thanks to Dr. Chandra Shekar S M, HoD, ECE, Vemana
Institute of Technology, for his constant encouragement, inspiration and help to carry out project work
successfully.

We would like to express our sincere gratitude towards our internal guide Prof. Manasa Charitha,
Asst. Professor for providing encouragement and inspiration for this work.

We thank project coordinators Dr. Sunil H and Dr.Harshada J Patil for their cooperation and support
during the project work.

We are thankful to all the teaching and non-teaching staff members of Electronics & Communication
Engineering department for their help and needed support rendered throughout the work.

Likhith Y S (1VI19EC071)

Nishanth J (1VI19EC096)

Parthiban M (1VI19EC100)

Pavan B M (1VI19EC102)
 ABSTRACT
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a main source of fuel, especially in urban areas because
it is clean compared to firewood and charcoal. Gas leakage is a major problem in the
industrial sector, residential premises, etc. Nowadays, home security has become a major
issue because of increasing gas leakage. Gas leakage is a source of great anxiety with
ateliers, residential areas and vehicles like Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), buses, and cars
which are run on gas power. One of the preventive methods to stop accidents associated
with the gas leakage is to install a gas leakage detection kit at vulnerable places. The aim of
this paper is to propose and discuss a design of a gas leakage detection system that can
automatically detect, alert and control gas leakage. This proposed system also includes an
alerting system for the users. The system is based on a sensor that easily detects a gas
leakage.
 LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE PAGE NO
Fig 4.1 System Architecture of ESP8266 9

Fig 4.2 Pin Configuration of ESP8266 10

Fig 4.3 MQ 2 Gas Sensor 12
Fig 5.1 Design Flow Graph 14

Fig.7.1 20
IOT Based Gas Leakage Detection
IOT Based Gas Leakage Detection

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION
Gas leakage is a severe problem and nowadays it is observed in many places like residences,
industries, and vehicles like Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), buses, cars, etc. It is noticed
that due to gas leakage, dangerous accidents occur. The Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or
propane, is a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as fuel in many applications like
homes, hostels, industries, automobiles, and vehicles because of its desirable properties
which include high calorific value, less smoke, less soot, and meager harm to the
environment. Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) is highly inflammable and can burn even at some
distance from the source of leakage. The energy source is primarily composed of propane and
butane which are highly flammable chemical compounds. These gases can catch fire easily.
In homes, LPG is used for cooking purposes. When a leak occurs, the leaked gases may lead
to an explosion. Gas leakage leads to various accidents resulting in both material loss and
human injuries. Home fires have been occurring frequently and the threat to human lives and
properties has been growing in recent years. The risks of explosion, fire, suffocation is based
on their physical properties such toxicity, flammability, etc.

The Bhopal gas tragedy, which claimed lives of 3,787 people is one of the major accidents
due to gas leakage. And another instance, the Vishakhapatnam, HPCL refinery tragedy
claimed lives of thirty people. Though a gas and fire detection system were present which is
connected to the sensors using enormous number of wires that run from the control room to
various plant areas, during the fire the wire itself got damaged, so the information did not
reach the control room.

The project entitled “IOT Based gas leakage detection” will be a great help in terms of
preventing any danger caused by gas leakage. The purpose of this project is to detect the
presence of LPG leakage as a part of a safety system. Apart from detection of leakage, a
notification alert will be sent to the authorized person. Descriptively, we use a gas sensor to
monitor the LPG if the gas leak reaches beyond the normal level. The proposed project will
sense the leakage. In addition, the authorized person will be informed about the leakage via

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Blynk notification alert. The people can be saved from a potential explosion caused by gas
leakage.

The device is at its initial level of development and with modification in future, the device
will also trip off the mains supply to ensure better safety and surety. The gas leak detector
device can find application not only at residential homes but also it is applicable to hotels,
restaurants and even in industries where LPG gas is used for some or the other purposes.

1.1 Aim
To determine the gas leakage using MQ 2 sensor via Blynk.

1.2 Objective
 To design and develop an LPG gas leakage monitoring & alert system using ESP8266.
 To send the notification via Blynk app.
 Build and evaluate the gas detector.

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Chapter 2
LITERATURE SURVEY

[1] “LPG Gas Leakage Monitoring And Alert System Using

Arduino” Ayesha Siddiki, Imam Hossain .
The paper presents the system design and concept of gas leakage and alert system In the
proposed system Arduino and GSM module are used for processing and sending alert
message In the proposed system of gas detection system. The system contains both
monitoring and detection of the gases which are harmful to the surroundings. In the detection
of gas, the sensor which is used to sense many gases is MQ 6 sensor. After the detection of
leakage in the gas, the sensor sends the signal to the Arduino UNO for the further process
where the other hardware components are connected to each other. Through Arduino UNO it
sends the signal to the LCD display for displaying alert message “Gas Detected” and the
message is sent to the user via GSM module. Accordingly, the buzzer is on so the
surrounding people will be alerted.
[2] “LPG Gas Leakage Detection Using IOT” Chetana Tukkoji , Sanjeev
Kumar A. N .
The paper presents the system design and concept of a simple gas leakage detection. It is an
Arduino based system design implemented to check out and detect the gas and perform its
deliberate tasks with precision and accuracy. It contains Arduino board, LPG GAS device
Module, buzzer and 16x2 liquid crystal display module. Arduino controls the complete
method of its technique like reading LPG Gas device module output, causation message to
liquid crystal display and activating buzzer. We are able to set sensitivity of the device
module by intrinsic potentiometer placed on it. It is a simple design in which the detected
leakage of gas is only visible on LCD display. The idea of the project is to only detect the
leakage of gas Since the designed system need does not contain GSM module or WIFI
connected to the processor the system needs to be monitored frequently.

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[3] “LPG Leakage Detector Using Arduino With SMS Alert And Sound
Alram” Rhonnel S. Paculanan , Israel Carino.
The project entitled “LPG Leakage Detector using Arduino with SMS Alert and Sound
Alarm” will be a great help in terms of preventing any danger caused by gas leakage. The
purpose of the project is to detect the presence of LPG leakage as a part of a safety system.
Apart from sound alarm, an SMS alert will inform the authorized person and the solenoid
valve will be triggered to shut down the gas supply to prevent any harmful effects due to gas
leakage. Descriptively, we use a gas sensor to monitor the LPG if the gas leak reaches
beyond the normal level. The proposed project will trigger the sound alarm. In addition, the
authorized person will be informed about the leakage via SMS alert and the gas supply will
be automatically shut down. The people can be saved from a potential explosion caused by
gas leakage.

[4] “IOT Based Gas Leakage Monitoring System Using FPGA” Amatul
Munazza, Rupa Tejawi, Tarun Kumar Reddy,
The design of the proposed system in the paper consists of FPGA, ESP8266-Wifi Module,
Gas sensors, GSM module. Here in the proposed design, we can read gas leakage in
industries. Also, we can read any information from a sensor and analyze it graphically and
transfer it to the ThingSpeak cloud using FPGA and ESP8266 Module. FPGA KIT fetch the
information of various gas sensors like MQ5 sensors and process it and give it to ThingSpeak
cloud via ESP8266 Module. If the gas leakage is sensed more than the Threshold, the
warning alarm will be generated by the buzzer and the GSM modem gets command message,
“Gas Leaking” from the microcontroller, it will send the message to the mobile number
which is already stored in the microcontroller. The alarm makes the user to alert about gas
leakage in the particular area. Alternatively, the main power supply is turned off by the relay
and the exhaust fan is turned on to prevent further leakage. The cost of this design is high
compared to other proposed design above.

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[5] “LPG Leakage Detection System Using Phone Calls Alerts to Prevent
Accidents & Avoid Injuries” Wilmar Borges Leal Junior, Humberto
Xavier de Araujo, David Nadler Prata, Nailson Martins Dantas
Landim, George Lauro Ribeiro de Brito and Fabiano Medeiros
Tavares.
The detector proposed in the paper describes an alert system using phone calls, It could
achieve the desired result, with a fast, cheap, and robust prototype. It can tackle a problem
that similar systems have. A sound alarm collaborates with people nearby the alarm but when
they are away from an issue appears, that is the late discovery of a leak, leading to accidents.
In the system, the materials and methods used for the development of the automatic phone
call alert gas leak detector. As well as the procedures performed in the development of the
research. The components used in the system Arduino UNO R3 card, a Sim Card GSM
SIM900 module.

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Chapter 3

FIELD OF APPLICATION OF GAS DETECTION

3.1 Nuclear power plants

Nuclear power plants must place safety concerns on the highest level of
priority before other interests such as their business interests. Regular inspections of pipe
systems need to be conducted and robots from Inspector Systems are widely used.

3.2 Conventional power plants

By taking advantage of the NDT inspection methods that our robots offer, defects
and faults can be avoided increasing the 'up and running' operational time of all kinds of pipe
systems. Worldwide, many power plants already use of robots to do check the gas leakage.

3.3 Refineries

The mineral oil industry can benefit from improved supply, transportation,
processing and distribution of mineral oil as well as improved environmental protection. The
robots are helping to do the job easily.

3.4 Chemical and petrochemical plant

It is of course vital to continually reduce the risks brought about by the

manufacture, transport and storage of chemicals. It means possible dangers need to be
examined and the necessary testing and inspections carried out in order to avoid or at least
lessen and contain them. The use of our robots has become obligatory in many well known
companies.

3.5 Long distance city heating pipelines

Leakages in long distance heat conduits, caused through external corrosion,

cause energy and water losses resulting in damage to, among others, subterranean
constructions. Minimizing energy loss during the transport of heat from source to end user is

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one of the most important requirements in order to exclude danger to people and the
environment. Our robots help in this important duty.

3.6 Communal waste water pipe systems

Subterranean sewer systems have been responsible for the collection and
transport of waste water since planning and construction began in 1842. With the Republic of
Germany most of these sewage systems are owned by the cities and community districts.
Regular inspection of the roughly 445 km of public sewage systems is therefore a complex
and cost intensive process.

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Chapter 4
DESIGN METHODOLOGY
Design methods are procedures, techniques, aids, or tools for designing. They offer a number
of different kinds of activities that a designer might use within an overall design process.
Design methodology is the broader study of method in design: the study of the principles,
practices and procedures of designing. The key to design methodology is finding the best
solution for each design situation, whether it be in industrial design, architecture or
technology. Design methodology stresses the use of brainstorming to encourage innovative
ideas and collaborative thinking to work through each proposed idea and arrive at the best
solution. Meeting the needs and wants of the end user is the most critical concern. Design
methodology also employs basic research methods, such as analysis and testing.

4.1 System design

The explanation behind the plan is to orchestrate the course of action of the issue dictated by
the necessities of the report. The stage is the underlying stage in moving from issue to the
game plan space. All things considered, start with what is obliged; diagram takes us to work
towards how to satisfy those necessities. The design of the system is the most essential
segment affecting the way of the item and note worthily affects the later stages, particularly
testing and upkeep. System diagram delineates all the huge data structure, report game plan,
yield and genuine modules in the system and their Specification is picked.

4.2 System architecture

The architectural configuration procedure is concerned with building up a fundamental basic system
for a framework. It includes recognizing the real parts of the framework and interchanges between
these segments. The beginning configuration procedure of recognizing these subsystems and
building up a structure for subsystem control and correspondence is called construction modelling
outline and the yield of this outline procedure is a portrayal of the product structural planning. The
proposed architecture for this system is given below. It shows the way the system is designed and
brief working of the system.

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GAS SENSOR

ESP8266
DISPLAY

POWER SUPPLY

Fig 4.1 System Architecture of ESP8266

Here the adapted new technology IOT (Internet of Things) to get fastest notification of gas
leakage. The application under the IOT technology is to get fastest response from the
module. The other processor and things which are used in the system is ESP8266, MQ 2 gas
sensor. And MQ 2 gas sensor module is to sense the gas leakage. The MQ2 device gas
module has four pins. 2 pins area unit used for interfacing with development board and
different 2 pins area unit VCC and ground. Out of 2 interfacing pins one pin is analog output
and different is digital pin. The analog output pin of the module is employed for detective
work concentration level of gas outpouring and interfaced with the A0 analog input pin of the
ESP8266 Processor. The analog voltage from the device is digitized victimization the in-built
ADC channel and keep in a very variable as a 10-bit worth. The Blynk application which is
connected through Wi-Fi display the notification message “Gas Detected”.

4.3 Hardware Requirements

 ESP8266

 MQ2 Gas Sensor

 Power Supply

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4.3.1 ESP8266

Fig 4.2 Pin configuration of ESP8266

ESP8266 (also called ESP8266 Wireless Transceiver) is a cost-effective, easy-to-operate,

compact-sized & low-powered Wi-Fi module, designed by Espressif Systems, supports
both TCP/IP and Serial Protocol. It’s normally used in IOT cloud based embedded projects
and is considered the most widely used Wi-Fi module because of its low cost and small
size. It runs at operating voltage of 3V and can manage maximum voltage of around 3.6 V,
so an external logic level converter is required if you are using 5V supply.

 ESP8266 Wi-Fi module can easily be interfaced with microcontrollers board (i.e.
Arduino UNO) via Serial Port.
 ESP8266 Pinout consists of 8 pins in total, which are given in below table along with
their operation:

ESP8266 Pinout

No. Pin Name Working

1 RX Serial Receiver Pin

2 Vcc Power Pin (+3.3 V; can handle up to 3.6 V)

3 GPIO 0 General-purpose I/O No. 0

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ESP8266 Pinout

4 RST Reset

5 CH_PD Chip power-down

6 GPIO 2 Purpose I/O No. 2

7 TX Serial Transmitter Pin

8 GND Ground

 Each pin comes with a specific function associated with it where Vcc and GND are
voltage source and ground, respectively.
 RX and TX are used for communication where TX is dedicated for data transmission and
RX is used receiving data
 It is also known as a system-on-chip (SoC) and comes with a 32-bit Tensilica
microcontroller, antenna switches, RF balun, power amplifier, standard digital peripheral
interfaces, low noise receive amplifier, power management module and filter capability.
 The processor is based on Tensilica Xtensa Diamond Standard 106Micro and runs at 80
MHz.
 It incorporates 64 KiB boot ROM, 80 KiB user data RAM and 32 KiB instruction RAM.
 It supports Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n around 2.4 GHz and other features including 16 GPIO,
Inter-Integrated Circuit (I²C), Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), 10-bit ADC, and I²S
interfaces with DMA.
 External QSPI flash memory is accessed through SPI and supports up to 16 MiB and 512
KiB to 4 MiB is initially included in the module.
 It is a major development in terms of wireless communication with little circuitry. and
contains onboard regulator that helps in providing 3.3V consistent power to the board.
 It supports APSD which makes it an ideal choice for VoIP applications and Bluetooth
interfaces.
 You can power up the device with PC port using USB to Serial adaptor. The 2 AA and
LIPO batteries are equally handy for powering up the device.

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 It is advised to not power this device directly with 5V dev board. Doing so can severely
affect the quality and overall performance of the device.
 Because of its compact size, its mostly used in autonomous projects (i.e. Robotics).
 Among these breakout boards ESP8266 NodeMCU is the most popular one.

4.3.2 MQ 2 Gas Sensor

Fig 4.3 MQ 2 Gas Senor

MQ2 is amongst the most common gas sensors throughout the MQ sensor series. The
detection method performed on resilience shifts in sensing element whenever the gas comes
into touch only with substance. It also is referenced as nothing more than a Gas Sensor of
metals metal oxides style. Gas concentration can indeed be detected via a network of simple
voltage splitters Sensitive material of MQ-2 gas sensor is SnO2, which with lower
conductivity in clean air. When the target combustible gas exists, The sensor’s conductivity
is more higher along with the gas concentration rising. To Convert change of conductivity to
correspond output signal of gas concentration. MQ-2 gas sensor has high sensitivity to LPG,
Propane and Hydrogen, also could be used to Methane and other combustible steam, it is
with low cost and suitable for different application.

TECHNICAL DATA

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1. Model No:MQ-2
2. Sensor Type: Semiconductor Standard Encapsulation Bakelite (Black Bakelite)
3. Detection: Gas Combustible gas and smoke
4. Sensing Resistance :2KΩ-20KΩ(in 2000ppm C3H8 )
5. Sensitivity: Rs(in air)/Rs(1000ppm isobutane)≥5
6. Character Slope: α ≤0.6(R5000ppm/R3000ppm CH4)
7. Temp, Humidity :20℃±2℃；65%±5%RH
8. Standard test circuit: Vc:5.0V±0.1V； VH: 5.0V±0.1V
9. Condition Preheat time Over 48 hours

4.4 Software Requirements

 Arduino IDE
The Arduino Integrated Development Environment - or Arduino Software (IDE) -
contains a text editor for writing code, a message area, a text console, a toolbar with
buttons for common functions and a series of menus. It connects to the Arduino hardware
to upload programs and communicate with them. Programs written using Arduino
Software (IDE) are called sketches. These sketches are written in the text editor and are
saved with the file extension. The editor has features for cutting/pasting and for
searching/replacing text. The message area gives feedback while saving and exporting
and displays errors. The console displays text output by the Arduino Software (IDE),
including complete error messages and other information. The bottom righthand corner of
the window displays the configured board and serial port. The toolbar buttons allow you
to verify and upload programs, create, open, and save sketches, and open the serial
monitor.

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Chapter 5
DESIGN FLOW

If the gas is >Limit

START Gas Measure (MQ 2) Sensor

If the value is greater than it

is sent to the user

STOP

Fig 5.1 Design Flow Graph

The purpose of the project is to detect the presence of LPG leakage as a part of a safety
system. The gas sensor which is used to monitor the LPG gas leak. If the gas leak reaches
beyond the normal level. The proposed project will trigger, and the value is displayed on the
display with notification. If the gas leak does not exceed the limit, then it is triggered back to
the sensor. In addition, the authorized person will be informed about the leakage via alert so
that the person can take necessary action. The people can be saved from a potential
explosion caused by gas leakage.

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Chapter 6

DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION
6.1 CODE EXPLANATION:

First initialize some important libraries which are required like ESP8266WiFi, Simple timer and the
BlynkSimpleEsp8266.Along with some serial object and save the WI-FI details with Auth-code in a
Char data type variable then define Pin for MQ-2 Sensor. In setup section start with serial and Blynk
App interfaces.
Void setup ()
{

Serial.begin(115200);

Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);

timer.setInterval(1000L, getSendData);

void loop ()

timer.run(); // Initiates

SimpleTimer Blynk.run();

Then we create a custom function getSendData(), in which we read a value from MQ-6
sensor and send it to the Blynk App for remote notification of LPG detection.

void getSendData()

data = analogRead(mq6);

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Blynk.virtualWrite(V2, data); // Blynk INPUT Connect V2 Pin

if (data > 700)

Blynk.notify("Gas Detected!");

6.2 CODE:

#define BLYNK_FIRMWARE_VERSION

#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial

#define APP_DEBUG

#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID "TMPL2LhESx1c"

#define BLYNK_DEVICE_NAME "Quickstart Device"

#define BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN "KrruF3_K6CJZ1H2X9hiK5ggdNVo2GfB6"

#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>

#include <BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h>

char auth[] = BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN;

char ssid[] = "Redmi note 4";

char pass[] = "Pavanbm@123";

BlynkTimer timer;

int mq2 = A0;

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int data = 0;

void setup()

Serial.begin(115200);

Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);

timer.setInterval(1000L, getSendData);

void loop ()

timer.run();

Blynk.run();

void getSendData()

data = analogRead(mq2);

Blynk.virtualWrite(V2, data); if (data > 700)

Blynk.notify("Gas detected!");

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6.3 CODE IMPLEMENTATION

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OUTPUT

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Chapter 7
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Fig 7.1 IOT Based gas leakage detection

Safety plays a serious role in today's world and it's necessary for smart safety systems are to
be enforced in places of education and work. The LPG or gas is a combustible mixture of
organic compound gases utilized in use as fuel in abundant application like homes, hostels,
industries, automobiles' vehicles attributable to its fascinating properties like embrace high
price, manufacture the less smoke, and produces less soot and doesn't cause abundant hurt to
the setting. Each cases burns to provide clean energy, but there's a significant drawback
concerning their outpouring within the air. Thus, the detector is implemented successfully
and is easy to use and also a low-cost product. Another advantage of the device is even
though if no one is there in the house and then gas leaks occurs. The ESP8266 Processor
which has a in built Wi-Fi to send immediate messages to the stakeholders regarding the gas
leak and thus it lowers the intensity of accidents.

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CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

In addition to the developed system, the system can be enhanced by adding a control element
which controls the gas leakage if it exceeds the specified upper explosive level for the
various gases in the plant area. It can be achieved by any gas leakage indication in any part of
the plant alerts the control room and then the control valve is shut off. Therefore, preventing
any hazard arising due to gas leakage

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REFRENCE

[1] International Journal Of Innovative And Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN:2278-

3075, Volume-8, Issue-6c2, April 2019 “LPG Leakage Detector Using Arduino With SMS
Alert And Sound Alarm”

[2] International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN:2319- 7064,2018 “LPG Gas
Leakage Monitoring and Alert System Using Arduino”

[3] Journal Of Xian University of Architecture &Technology ISSN No:1006-7930 “IOT

Based Leakage Monitoring System Using FPGA”

[4] International Journal of Engineering Applied Science and Technology 2020, Vol 4, Issue
N0-12, ISSN No-2455 2143 “LPG Gas Leakage Detection “

[5] International Journal of Development Research Vol. 09, Issue, 08, Pp. 28953-28956,
August 2019 “LPG Leakage Detection System Using Phone Calls Alerts to Prevent Accidents
and Avoid Injuries”

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