Tnuhownea o kig

h 0awe u y o gk 4a tist rpeud

Chiatiaaw Jlmaens t 1678,
ydnk phyids
tKa Auuod ofumt evay nl beleved
un whuh
useulan k u . ght
Neadfin oeeha,
satntaloi ly enplaund a hndnma

prtgaki ezhE
revatun akd vuhlina eaMamu
Neud fons A and
k naene, duon
A phemomna
0 a aela

phnsnina tvfuha,
n b l a u ahotauy ytnhn MoYe ove 0Ve
Yeyaitn nd tn hat Kh vl
AK vilseuly of g*
a
ha l i vdsth of lizt
Haad
o n a d i u n

0Uusoveaten
g
Ta
Nenons Cnpu Cnlwthun
madi

WWL WHagatrn
Hgans pnep bmid en geomebieal
M intaly
Jaens .
la
CenshmeAm

anytme kT ShapR of
oovoaNLY a b kneztn.
knAn.
me
ponetyet an lanli
lath, ROnt a0aa
Whek ght srend
swyanspmneupal

Aeerydmg tub@nR
ohn pankeuk iba
o n
O ki
d i v d t s tua
4N An au
 (OP 2

all pruh huek ar

Wawe heh a
Aous
A 40we.nand
A40avepen AaNe
samt
ampitude.
n sanme phase peorrr
u on
slont
drup
amall
Au p
tw,erampla: w oat rfm
rippRi p e a d
umnenai
eivenlanw antrde ard
Oalu a n t r d i vd
sam
O eCuveulan waWea
Asilh waNe
a ul
eveulaw
elrel have a
AAs e
and
a nd
phaa
m
oAmu typu
400Vmh m
tysr
eninal
Sphnien Wewe h a t TL
eadur d
mediu

r
a o pl
i d
diiv
vuuhkoos
Mo
n o u'dll
weh
tane! whueh
owes
all
all prn
prnb
mi
yanmi
ugkk lsm
An
An
A u hi and
anl
a n
a m b u t u d r

111 aAdAniL a b u t n d i

tro-h Sam a wwt AAR

R
wawem
MW
Somee
a porFun
o
WT3 0 t l , aa MmalU
m all
A0iuK , an
{w 10
a l d n e d

eoneenme

dmtuneuu
H Crw lbe
ont
n eaMwe

Rnu

Xundieal wowe t b n
m uu tvmm
gh s rmeu a 00ve o t wil
have Aku
manaw slut,
hn
a

M a ONe an al onk tn
ndical sha paat
shape plaat
sta 8 b,
PII Cndnel

nd
 soune h vadiuy
A ang dutant m an
ein he rrol
n undnteal DowemF
orrum e
A0anë t
a an

Thlinwne o ky
GCtwvs whu
o n utneni
h phinomenbw i
åsil a t h ollun
lk lAnths
oon
mpinimpaK
tngkF yuauney
ard avj
o AAm
t-T,Sin(kuot)D
oOwes
Kn o ught
hnas duthoenu mppo

veye
k4 = e t h m dutue a medeus
tn ln Sanl Ynv
nultantawly kaoh 'olhn oAhen
f - i y t nn thu
ofügit
n kr Antenyh
a mid'feakm huh
aptnpdd km And
t A n d i vLi
i ddual
anal
Ynow t hus dul
sun oAha An tunn u d e tteatn
eatm lhi tn th
in
i hant i madi suprprmtn
aM
aAKak U w l t n on
Antewn y of yktAaND ht
ealled'
ealle
xmÝ
two
dnt
d utTwWOwes
ane
emplihndey
KSw o h+ amm/ve
Corshrttve
infufvne
nfufvun
i ap
knaen yultam
Intutnwnel aCwtain ^onk Ai
ofaoo
An atatnle
a m p i h n d i s

n u n n e t

destmetive
 Cap4
Cohnn Sowt
Soo scmetn o git a said T be knent U
ewtant
huh haye alwa a
ught wo
Pinlt Mam Aat oo
how. F
hanu difhunt uhsen
yadiakun o i amt waNe Wy
Ctin m mit

onuenone

bjuned hy diuduyu
Chnent some a terdnen sauu a
a v e o ovionasuy
tyem a
foll tyo elowl spatd
ahuw m aliwed
nanat
and k n e diuMn O
A
Two mUhed To 0btan
tan
ntu Ansnumint uard ane k r nel's
an at Te UOveent
Loyelyrirvon
eke.
FYusnl irvdy

" s5
mallhod

UT mei dent biam n divdad

LK onpihudr etn parial
Yhus to6
anl odulid b diui &'on anplihade.
plams ditheatdpalky e ndly brneA-
The blams daved nhaneu'
tgell roduel unttnel Th
G-bfained b dii h campli hade,
Ai
M

A1Y
 CPS
Youngs donbl Sht enpuumen

9Tv
N 180I ThSman Youmg dnenyatd enpiuimsntally

sundighf A a fhrmahu u pinkela

Nealowed L
a 0me du ranN Phrruyh t o
Hn
Sand
S hsun s, and a upanard
Ve eloARd aRRd An inateenu palten
Te
le a opöano p al dheaVRA
a6uun Xy. He
wo 0bAivid dank bando on Ai svaa,
t and
ew rtwved N Adans,
k neion an
mntneM
OntAaaAL
ti n tniaal hono,
onL yulated ba sls and
YhMatid by nonoekronali
o n w unligt &wrub o
Th An lateenet allwia
eually spatus ngh ind dank tringe.
temattn ot nntennu nge n u
Sh baiy twm
snw Cun b e n a n d n lkT

u ghr
 COPE
Analytiead reatment onlasoinel
sh

S, and s e too i Astn'

wane Kengdk )
wRieh l ahaed a eaudiutant rm u Suees.
S 48 k
Th40wes aduviY a s ,
and s
a all m ad haing am n
n hus egmluyetr S,and
SLmdaywawes
EALh oMn ard nlnhenn
Suprbou UneiK We Kave k
baturn 'M mad n AniSRen

thvltsal
and a ba a aithdu ooo ove

KCsu Snd Ywpeukvag

dplaelneni ,
and dnl u i Wwes
Th

-
2 Sn (wt+o)-

PhP a
at an hofant.
YRALKU
O wow two toawey
u Knktpanpnk lu
Aeundy
in(wt-to)
h =a,5mut +
 OP
7 A sn o a n wt eno t anwt nd)

(ata,Cnd ) 6'hut + (,hnd) ^at

a,ino t 6 n -(S
anL unkntn lnMaca,
IKul A and
and g
JhLntym es. (A

A Sin (wtE¢)

ibrtun
ot P
atP Aa
A m
ent T llat oampiuud
A and jhaA d
and harn
19H bvokun
n d 5wt geh
Kamgnit

and addunj MS
es,
ayar
Saann
nd)* A*(ee t Bine)
(ata,ne)+(« 3a,a,nd
taas

Aata,"
+
ata t2a,a,Cnd
P
P tpe'h
pevh&ral
na
ntenn y
Ompi n d
The eanl/
A 9anl
Tat0,"+
2u,a, C,d
a, Cn a
atA2
a , t t 20,, ( 20-1)
aa +4aC
 rlr CPa
T intowm tU vnt awdiy
Voniafiw

phal -enenlL iveniven b

T
Te
d
2x(palk at -A)
o 2 (s,P-S,P

mau'mu
ntenm hy.
Cends tm t r
b
+4
a manimum 24,a, eosd
e ( Kun nd=
Can h a t T
2nT 0,'2)

2H

inewsm att P Can hL

ManMAM

6annd
2nir
har d =d =
Wh n=0,2,3-
na
palh dipt= A
=

omanLMUm Infenh
The valus
h A L A =4+9+2A,a Snee cnd=]

nan
=(ata,)
a,+a
_rula han
Thus H. yulhat tnennl
dur d i i d n a l toaue
A H AnttnwIh
 (OP
Cendi tum tw minumum lnew .
Ylkant nttwm y minimuw o
I Puwka
Th
Th
nd-1 fhat
Csb ini mum 1

aUnd padk dift A =(nt)a 27

T Valut o minumum untenny i

+A-20,aj
in =a-a
prual Caa anR aupki hdy
= a ' a + a . a = 4a
Lman
a+a 2a.a =
O

Tnrenmy m buktn Ruwe

A ewrve haen A
Ao Vanintun intennl
na eallud irnderen

A
-211-t 0 JT 2T 3m
duntoi baun twe.
h i abova
i o el that tatenh
bmomunun briyht at pts. u n
a n , nz91,2 -and 4 d . Tnfennb hb
himun r dank at ph uka d- (ht))D, n p
 OP 10
ing
inge lOidlk m Joung's uble S u Sxpt.
umaminkonnm

N
S 2d
N
D

KtS b a nwviro sli- huuh i elluminared k

mono choemafu h t oftaneXang k a Then
TO u S and S, ae Aard ALboiated l
duwtan 2d Kt a snen Xy slud a a
dmante D hav uT wKnent Aawnkes 'S,amd S2 Gu
Waves Comn On Qnd S a u umcupked
S,
ndNoo ow Ur on rns ll
SuUn ay. minima (dauki
tinga) "and
m a u a (bigh
dutmu
wCenadm a pt P R h b afa
ne.

ppardiealaus S Cund
Qnd SS2
M nd S,N
avaud sM nd sp.
sLW Jon S,P
6 0euye Ytuhin
u tuo
T hah dihenvnllandbutwen
S2 Ali6
p P t s,
A SP-S,P
SPN
J Tiht anglud tiagu
6N)(NP)-|D+(Vd)
(s,P)
SP
 OPI
Dxand d,
SP
SP DI6d D+ (ntd)*
202 2D

Sim SMP i t engld fna

SP
(a-d)
SP
=
Dt
Thpalk dintnen
D t d ) _
) -
d2D
A S-SP 2D
Ca t d ) - ( - d ) |
2D
= x
A 2) D

lasoeen the two ves Yenthuy aP

PXaat d i n t

phaa dat
ak dt
4Td

fbrvt of brigk trg

Jo g brikt t u patk duf
A nA

D
A D

20
 OP12
So n brikt g ehlaund ata dutantu
nAD ym p.0
2d
At n 0 ege thi Cnhal bvgkt tinge

2d
n 2
2D t
2d
canh t
M: 3
2o

h nge eidh of lki dnk tiry

D
9
2

Pcsi tun ot dank tin

Yo ot P
ge a dauk ingrovry
a patk ditend
yelaha
mart sau
A -(nt
24 (nt)
a 1))
gw po% m h hdark b
Th ab 0ve ee
(2nt1 D
44
 OP13
The postn of 13, 2 d,314 duk o

d
SAD
4d
7AD 3

The
2d
Thus we s Aat K brigh ard dask T r
ans o a l 1eid AoRuek Ve
givea lb

2d

a nudonk0ave is
Th ve lonth o

a9 2c
D
 OP 1)
FYen s Bubuom
(virhud)
Sowier

2d
Frin
Screen
(194Yha
Sourta
T

avangment tev l i pre dnthn

yeomel npli
desisnd anollu i
nutewnel pattun wad a bitn m The blin
CenAuk vo aunlt angud pnsmb A i u r bass
aluallg mpl msm o otune2
h a aeult a s an Nuy
mal
argl 79 and
tRant
b hRnted panalll
S
iuminatid i Uk mano¢hyenats eall
iFS fulmehi
, h aloned
Jht o Davel rogå, pim
The ykF
S,9T »d u bgt
T iprsgm
pptans in a lns s^T o S, nd Sz
AC n Conu SaPR
a
Abe appea
HTh
nases otS TAL two 943tual magy
anr 104 hal epheyat Aow94JN An em nn
aea
S, a S cohunenaa bverlap
ad
Aadrd yesndn u
baltem dhfane
nntu0n
a n lhi regisn
n
at dnfanea
tng Kave egnay sidh,
R kk nlateronl
 OPI
Thu aUan eqivalsns Yourg' Awwblu
enstens}Deilk , and S attuy d two uh
pou u supaarun u0eon Uu froo irual
s,) 2d ano
S0nt u fwo Aib S and
A d fantu bu0eLnaut and dm ing
n iRt ed m
pob kn ot ydarns

nAD
20

and (2n11) d t kdatk

Th
widhbjaund
2c

Sominaluan ooaweunglh of uyh

eVUanjAmn Canv
bi uAd dedimIad
h bibrisrv
AT lanp
uk sediumvgkt. kigkk am sodium A n
s l u - s and Lalihenenu
horges
illwminall
194 eto
h r n tT
beaalg maAndofa
en b dlammed b
Ledtk uy edebiee, Onee 9
nomeln atacksol to h
nUa tovmaln
= C02d
D Aown
vir tnal
The ds unet 2d LuhwePA Uu o o
 P 16
brund b plauny a envex Aons kekaten
ev9 and h eye pitea F a timd por kn

HY hal 0 w t i S, and S2 Can bi sUn m epp

Kt d b A suhanakun buhoon a veal magu

lens
6 S and S2 ov irt prokm o h
bnarun buhn la Veadimaguy
and da 2d þoi km oU7
lins.
T
S ndS2 v
hat
TheR Can bL eaany shngn
0 lmagr lingi
Aag frenai d (d=
-0 2o=obje Lnt
2e
d
onn au Cun nalrand
A U foo pohftrs o los (uo 9u)
0 2nd bo hun ot la U-dmtnet bl suF
Cnd lns
Agan d -dul aneu bl» ejepre
2c
2d-
es.0 ad
d
24-V44 neen
2d S0

S too Yeal imasa oS and S2

1 D
SI

()Fyepict
19.
S
V2n posikti lons
 (OPI1
b/w tao virtual Aouts
Delumoaun 2d (diune
dasinrm walkod

blo two iy haal scwes S

JN h mehod 2d (tant 4Rat ov a fmm
dutumunid uauN T foet
Can bu
Snall veracky na
Ve

SA) M Y p a i i ndet
matnal t m in
Ha
2d
LS, E S
=

Th teind org
26 2n-)

2 26.a
Aiad
K a U dn fant kuhsm
tans

2d a()40 tand d
2d 2a(n-1)* 8
'2c 2da
 OP18
el minalLon o he +kiknes oa Tun
shec of ranspavwnl watvK ( DukeentnotkTig
SI o n nlor hen
CAnq
patin wduud oduCU
anshanet lali
a hin

iea) uknt
m ansporent skut (ul duid n las palk
o ndex n b nbo
Ond Yatleva cbins hut u
, u slitS
0aNe
ahe dm
dm unty (SP
kunt (SIP
w hldi and a
oantanse tl m

a EP igiven
veoekte S
9 l thiknam
ha andt

SP+
s,P-H tat
-
tsP+A-1)
lhu etfee
lai Aki ehfcehve
ndodueu1 a
JAun
phiedhatk

S S, and S Na n
x e hal optiea patk -peal palhs
s0 U troo avey
(s,o, S0)
bedm uhegal
 COP19
do net avuve ato
C r yaSand S
biumi
ato' koo cptiea hlho
a pt olso tkt
a t YeulG v all rngi
n al
lSnth
a .
af any p. P es
P eh

NoKehhukve f at diteenel
s-sP(A-)
SP-S, P -(A-)t
aufscen Hu two, slb, 4
tT pauun silh and K
and K
Rd stnr T
d i s a n t l ouTi

n thi cabrenei
p alk dikfee
A S,P-S,P2
-n -
4
dihewnci
eheative
palk
Thws
Thus
A SP-S,P (A-1)E
A = (A-)E

P
A= n
n
A1)E =

2d
DA + (A-)t -
wiin t=o,
c a ptati
u
abenee s
Ai
Jw
D
2d
 OP 20
The cl plae mat o la n nghk

2A+A-1)t

., DAA-1) E 6
2 otewen
urdpusut
Hat x, h bmgeall
v
belar,tm e9 to sam mCa
m i an'
enu
haF u inho duthun
duhun
n= 0,1, 2 Thu lu inho
inge(u nges
w dank of, u
pakk of Cn
aho &btauneo shat
unspannt

foad»
ua n de
A , a n e D_A-1)E hodutsd,
Ayyha 2d tn
nan bien

Thuknu oMiea Shaur

eeahal
n o duelrm oa mi easnaut , tha
b U YmAy
m oetnpled
i l y octnpted
a das t a n a
Moves thrg
n je ab

n i ht tirr
A ) t
2
m (A4)E

VHiknm