ACTIVITY NO.

8
WHAT HAPPEN TO WATER AS IT IS HEATED OR COOLED?
Based on the particle model of matter, particles are always in motion. The particles
mentioned in this case are the molecules of water. These molecules have kinetic
energies that differ from each other. Some particles are moving faster than others and
therefore have higher kinetic energy and some are moving slower. The process by
which the molecules on the surface of a liquid break away and change into gas is called
evaporation. Usually, it is described as the process where a liquid is changed into a
gas and eventually when gas undergoes a cooling process, this is known as
condensation.
When water is heated, it expands or increase in volume. Boiling water for some
time the amount of water inside the beaker decreases. As the water is heated and its
temperature rises, the molecules gain more kinetic energy and they move faster.More
molecules have the energy to overcome the forces of attraction of the adjacent
molecules. The molecules that escape to the gaseous phase are called vapor or in
other words, water vapor. The water vapor rises and some molecules touch the glass.
The glass is cooler than the boiling water, so some of the heat energy of the vapor
molecules are transferred to the glass, in effect, cooling the water vapor. When a gas is
cooled, the motion of the particles slows down. If the particles lose enough energy, their
attraction for each other can overcome their motion and cause them to associate with
one another to become a liquid. This is the liquid observed under the watch glass in the
above activity. This process is called condensation.
Directions: Read the following questions/statement thoroughly and briefly discuss
each.
1. What changes take place when water is heated or cooled?

2. What happens to the different substances when they are heated or cooled?

3. What happens to water when it is cooled?

4. What happens to water when it is heated?
5. What do you think will happen if ice (as solid) is heated?
6. What processes is involved if water is heated, it changes to steam (a gas)?

Illustrate what happens to the particles of water when they are heated and then cooled: