Nucleotides are classified based on their nitrogenous base or the the sugar attached to it

Since a nucleotide includes a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base, they may vary
or differ based on what sugar is included, or what nitrogenous base is attached.

Let’s go first to the sugar. The sugar in a nucleotide could either be a ribose or a deoxyribose.
The difference between these two is the presence of OH (alcohol) group in the carbon 2 of
ribose, while in the deoxyribose, it is replaced with only a H (Hydrogen). We know naman na
Ribose is present in the RNA and the deoxyribose is present in the DNA

Let’s proceed with the nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous base is classified into either purines
or pyrimidines. Purines include adenine and Guanine. While pyrimidines include Cytosine,
Thymine, and Uracil. Bale etong adenine and guanine, pwede siya pareho sa DNA and RNA.
Meanwhile sa pyrimidines, yung Cytosine lang ang pwede both sa RNA and DNA, pero yung
thymine is sa DNA lang and yung Uracil is sa RNA lang. To be more exact, yung pwede lang na
magattach sa Ribose sugar (for RNA) ay adenine, guanine, cytosine, and Uracil. On the other
hand, ang pwede lang din na mag attach sa Deoxyribose sugar (for DNA) are adenine, guanine,
cytosine, and thymine.
What is the difference between purine and pyrimidine? A purine has two ring aromatic
compounds, while a pyrimidine has only one.

Here are the names of the nucleosides (sugar+nitrogenous base) depending on the
composition. Eto yung mga pangalan nila. Kung purine ang nitrogenous base, ang ending ng
name is “-osine”, while sa pyrmidine ang name ay mag eend sa “-idine”. For example kung ang
nsugar ay ribose and ang nitrogenous base ay adenine, then ang name niya ay adenosine.
Kung deoxyribose ang sugar edi deoxyadenosine. -Osine kasi purine ang nitrogenous base.
Kung halimbawa pyrimidine naman tulad ng cytosine, edi ang name ay cytidine kung ribose,
deoxycytidine kung deoxyribose. And etc.