ATOMIC NO ELEMEN TS SYMBOL VALEUMVALENCELECTRONIC

FLELTROM
-CY CONFIaURATIG-
N.

Hydrogen
2
2 Helium He 2

Lemim 2,

Bery lium Be 2 2,2

Boron B 3 2, 3

Corbon 24
Nihegen N 5 25
Oxygen 26
Flurone 2?
NeoN Ne
2
Sodiun Na 2
12 Magnesiurm Mg 28,2
Aluminium A 2,,3

4 stlfm
15 PhosphoTuS 2,5
Sulpnur 6
colorine 2
2,8
Argon Ar

19 Potassiun 2,,,
20 Caluurn 48,, 2
 Monohybrid Cross

P Yellow Green
Each homozygous parent
in the P generation
produces only one kind
of gamete.
Gametes Y

F Yy The heterozygous F1
offspring produces two
kinds of gamete.
Gametes Y

Fa Yellow Yellow Self-pollination of the Fi

Y Yy offspring produces F2
offspring with a 3:1 ratio
Yellow Green of yellow to green seeds.

Yy
Ratios
Phenotypes Genotypes Genotype ratio Phenotype ratio
Yellow YY 3
Yy 2

Green yy
Dihybrid Cross
Seed Shap Seed Color
|R round Or-wrinkied Yyellow y green

Cross Fertilization
Fusion of gametes from Parental Generation
ditferent individuals of
the same species X F1 Generation

Round Wrinkled Round

Telow Green Yellow
(RRYY) (rryy) (RrYy)

Self Fertilization
Fusion of gameles from the same individual

F2 Generation

Round Yellow
(RrYy)
RY Ry rY
ry
RY RRYY RRYy RrYY RrYy
Phenotyplce Ratio

Ry RRYy RRyy RrYy Rryy Round/Yellow: 9

Round Wrinkled/Yellow: 3
Yellow
(ArYy)
y RrYY RrYy rrYY
rYy Round/Green:3
Wrinkled/Green: 1
RrYy Rryy rrYy rryy