6 LINN -ureaBojayered st aa OS -ypBuoy oures aya pu porered axe OF pue ag ‘Osyy “pSuo] aus oyp pue joypesed are 25 pue gy 3eya sueaur ste Od+dH=OH § bee “OH = Ja pur JD = THOS eee bid (dz—b) + d¢ = s+ §a- ga b—de- b-de= (b-dz)+d dc+b-= 40+09=d0 P aV+WH= aH ? eee — b-dz- (oe—ay)= Bodh = a dg + bz—dz-= qo7- 40 4 aqV+¥a+do- 4 ® pee eH + HOA [exrepupenb ange Aes nok ueo sey DH 3 dq? dD P ee _ a gH ? do 4 qo & _ a cs "0.0 d Woy Kewinof aup Aq panoy “sapis ay Jo syurodprur ay oze FY pur 5 ‘y “gq b pur d jo suzay ut pury “bz = ay puedo = gy ‘dz = 5a ge a -umyoden e st (EV ERC DE) -anbyuyzoa siya arenasnypt sopdurexo oma 2x90 94, -sapedoad apsrowi0a8 aaoxd 01 pasn wayo are s10109,, 10} ‘d.O} 0 Woy Aousno{ ey) ,se ewes, UR S! 0 0} 0 wos} Aawunof ou) :3L0N 4 d-a= 40+ Od= Ud P ——_— = 44+d-0¢+d0-00 2 gedit +=dd Me d=0u na @ ud ee P 00 2 dd 4 dy & oe = — “a pued jo suasos wt Suymorjox 3¢p pury “A= yO pued=qao — — -ureaSopaypered © st YOO ERP he) Axjaui0ad 10192,, 6 annOPQ isa triangle. 4 Q X is the midpoint of OP. Y is the midpoint of OQ. — — OP = 2pand OQ = 24. Find in terms of p and q as a a PQ. b X¥ What can you say about the lines PQ and XY? * < —— a PQ =PO +0Q=-2p+2q =e b XY=XO+OY=--p+a es So PQ = 2X¥ This means that PQ and XY are parallel and that PQ is twice the length of XY. EXERCISE 9.13 1 ABC isa triangle. D is the midpoint of AC. — Sep AB = pand AD = DC =q. Find in terms of p and q a — —> — — a pA » ac © BD a GB 2 ABC isa triangle. Mis the midpoint of AB. ca =pand oR CB =4- Find in terms of p and 4 of). ae 8 ¢ cM 3 OPQR isa square. Mis the midpoint of PQ. =pand OR =r. Find in terms of p and r —> ze — — 2 0Q > MP © OM d MR 4 ABCD isa trapezium. > = AB = 2p, DC =p and DA = 4. F Find in terms of p and q | => _ — =a | a BA > DB © CA d CB | ABCDEF is a regular hexagon. is the centre of the hexagon. oe =e AF =pand AB =q. Find the following in terms of p and . a @ » DE e 40 => ¢ CE ec @D ! DB Vectors and vector geometry | a9 | .6 LINN Ge WY P OW 9 Wo 4 Dd & _— —_ <— <— b pu d jo sania ur pury “ayy jo amodprur amp st yy “b= ag puede = wv ‘d= fa on -uneaSopaypered & est adoa vunyeden tt GOV ob NW pur Dy anoge Aes nok ire 3849 NW P Wa 9 OV qa WY e ee — = ay. 9 pur w jo stu03 UF PUL “aq Jo 1modprur oyp st NY pue gg jo amodprut axp st "92-90 pure = YO -sureaSoaipexed zuan8u09 oma are gq Pue OUVO 6 EHDA [Append moge Aes nok ues rey DH p di 9 Ha q Od e — — — = b pue d jo suzza wt pury “sapis ay Jo saurodpra oy axe H pue 5 ‘fF ‘b= ay pued= gy — <— -weifopsjferd est GOaV 8 WO P WO 2 vo 4 #0 e phe — << —_— 9 pur e jo susan UI pulg "2=D0 puee= YO ao =< -sjeuoSerp oma oxp Jo woRsos101u1 Jo aod om St ‘werSopsqered est 94VO L ENIN pure Oy sour ay noge Aes nod ued rE NW p OV 9 wa q Ne ue ae aes _— 9 pur @ jo sunzoa Ut pury 9-90 pure= YO “aD jo nurodprar omp tN ‘dy jo amrodprun aya st we surexSojeqeed es! VO 9 CrtFurther vector geometry Vector geometry can be used to prove that points are collinear (ie on a straight line). — If AB =kAC, then the points A, B and C are collinear. (Chis is because the lines AB and AC must be parallel and the point A lies on both lines.) Ratios can also be used in vector geometry. If X isa point on the line AB such that AX : XB=2:3 x So A B so then AX = 7 ABand XB = 7 AB. The next example illustrates these techniques. FE) OPQR isa trapezium. = FS OP - 3pand OR-r Age RQ” 30P 3p Pp X lies on RP such that RX : XP=1:3 a Find in in terms of p andr r as = i 00 ii RP iii RX iv OX Se b What do your answers for OQ and OX tell you about the points O, X and Q? > a i OQ=OR+RQ =r+p > oe di RP =RO+OP — =» NOTE: RX: XP=1:3 means that RX. — > iv OX =OR+RX =r+ iis 3 aD | b OQ=5 r+pand OX = He) So 0 = 300 This meatis that OX and OQ are parallel. The point O lies on both of these line segments. So the points O, X and Q are collinear. Vectors and vector geometryFurther vector geometry Vector geometry can be used to prove that points are collinear (lie on a straight line). =o If AB = RAC, then the points A, B and C are collinear. (This is because the lines AB and AC must be parallel and the point A lies on both lines.) Ratios can also be used in vector geometry. If X isa point on the line AB such that AX : XB= 2:3 x aaa A B — o> then AX = 5 ABand XB = = AB. ‘The next example illustrates these techniques. OPQR is a trapezium. — ee OP =3pand OR =r ee RQ” 30P ° 3p P X lies on RP such that RX : XP = 1:3 a Find in terms of p andr ee > = ~ i OQ ii RP ili RX iv OX Ses b What do your answers for OQ and OX tell you about the points O, X and Q? > a i OQ=OR+RQ =r+p —> i ii RP =RO+OP — NOTE: RX: XP=1:3 means that RX 3 atte) = as b OQ =r+pand OX ==(r+p) > 3 4 So O: 24.09 This means that OX and OQ are parallel. The point O lies on both of these line segments. So the points O, X and Q are collinear. Vectors and vector geometry