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  • Modals of Speculation

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    Maria Fernanda
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    The document discusses how modal verbs like may, might, can, could, must, shall, and should are used to express speculation, possibility, necessity, permission, and obligation, especially regarding past events. It provides examples of modal verbs used to speculate about the past like "They might be late!" and "She must be tired!" It also includes a chart showing degrees of certainty expressed by different modal verbs and examples of their grammatical uses and forming the past tense. There is a practice section with sentences for readers to fill in modal verbs.

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    Modals of speculation

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    The document discusses how modal verbs like may, might, can, could, must, shall, and should are used to express speculation, possibility, necessity, permission, and obligation, especially regarding past events. It provides examples of modal verbs used to speculate about the past like "They might be late!" and "She must be tired!" It also includes a chart showing degrees of certainty expressed by different modal verbs and examples of their grammatical uses and forming the past tense. There is a practice section with sentences for readers to fill in modal verbs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    11 views7 pages

    Modals of Speculation

    Uploaded by

    Maria Fernanda
    The document discusses how modal verbs like may, might, can, could, must, shall, and should are used to express speculation, possibility, necessity, permission, and obligation, especially regarding past events. It provides examples of modal verbs used to speculate about the past like "They might be late!" and "She must be tired!" It also includes a chart showing degrees of certainty expressed by different modal verbs and examples of their grammatical uses and forming the past tense. There is a practice section with sentences for readers to fill in modal verbs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 7

    Modals: Speculating

    about the past….


    They might be late!

    She must be tired!

    They can’t have slept in!


    Speculating: How sure are you?

    MAY CAN’T
    MIGHT MUST
    MUST NOT

    I think….. I’m sure…


    Maybe… I bet…
    It’s possible It’s just not possible
    Modal verbs are They help us communicate intentions.
    “special” verbs E.g. “must” = obligation , “can” = permissio

    The
    grammar of If you use a verb
    after a modal
    E.g. : I can PLAY

    modal
    verb it must be
    in infinitive.

    verbs
    Tenses do not If you want to make the Past: MODAL + HAVE + PAST
    exist in MODALS PARTICIPLES
    Speculation
    in the past
    Practice
    Practice
    1. Yesterday I fell and I think I may __________ (sprain) my ankle.
    2. He can’t ______________ (win) the competition. The others were better.
    3. The lights are on in the house, but I’m sure they are on holidays. They
    must _________ (forget) to turn them off.
    4. I didn’t receive her email yesterday. She must __________ (send) it.
    5. I can’t find my wallet. I must ___________ (leave) it at home.
    6. You can’t _________ (see) John in the city centre. He lives in Paris now.
    7. It’s 6pm. He might ____________ (finished) work by now. I’ll call him to
    check.
    8. We are going on holidays tomorrow. They should ___________ (pack)
    their bag already.

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