Anatomy & Physiology - Laboratory

STUDENT ACTIVITY SHEET BS NURSING / FIRST YEAR

Session # 2

LESSON TITLE: THE HUMAN ORGANISM (Part 2) Materials:

Pen and notebook
LEARNING TARGETS:

Upon completion of this lesson, you can: References:

1. Describe the relation of structure and function of the
human organism; VanPutte, C., Regan, J., & Russo, A. (2019).
2. Describe the characteristics of life; and, Seeley’s essentials of anatomy & physiology
3. Differentiate negative feedback to positive feedback. (10th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

LESSON PREVIEW/ REVIEW

Let us take a lesson review by answering the following questions based on your own understanding of our previous topic:
1. Differentiate anatomy and physiology.

2. Why are these two concepts highlighted to be studied in the nursing course?

MAIN LESSON
You will study and read their book, if available, about this lesson.

Structure refers to the anatomy of the human body while Function is associated with the physiological works of a certain
part/s of the body. 

Knowledge of the anatomy aids in recall and understanding of what physiological processes may be at work (i.e., muscle
cells allow contraction while secretory cells do not).  Likewise understanding of the physiology helps organize the
anatomical structures into meaningful units.  

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Essential Characteristics of Life
1. Organization – refers to a specific relationship of the many individual parts of an organism.
2. Metabolism – the ability to use energy to perform vital functions, such as growth, movement, and reproduction.
3. Responsiveness – the ability of an organism to sense changes in the environment and make the adjustments
that help maintain its life.
4. Growth – refers to an increase in size of all or part of the organism
5. Development – includes the changes an organism undergoes through time
6. Reproduction – the formation of new cells or new organisms.

Homeostasis – the condition in which body functions, body fluids, and other factors of the internal environment are
maintained within a range of values suitable to support life.

● Negative Feedback Mechanism – regulates most systems of the body; occurs when any deviation from the set
point is made smaller or is resisted
● Positive Feedback Mechanism – occurs when the initial stimulus further stimulates the response.

Examples of occurrences of homeostasis in the body are the following:

1. Human body temperature- plays a

major role in keeping the body its
normal body temperature. A rise and
decrease of body temperature may
suggest a disease occurrence of
malfunction in the body system.

2. Regulation of blood sugar- our

endocrine system (particularly
pancreas) helps in controlling the blood
sugar in the body which is a source of
energy needed by the cells. 

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 3. During labor, a hormone called oxytocin is released which intensifies contractions therefore continues to be
released until the baby is delivered. (e.g. of positive feedback)

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CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING
You will answer and rationalize this by yourself. This will be recorded as your quiz. One (1) point will be given to the
correct answer and another one (1) point for the correct ratio. Superimpositions or erasures in your answer/ratio is not
allowed.

Instruction: Label and describe the function of each part in the image presented below by choosing the correct answer
from the options given.

OPTIONS:
▪ AFFERENT NERVES
▪ RECEPTORS
▪ CONTROL CENTER
▪ SWEAT GLANDS RESPONSE
▪ EFFERENT NERVES

1. ANSWER: _________________________
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2. ANSWER: _________________________
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5. ANSWER: _________________________
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RATIONALIZATION ACTIVITY
The instructor will now provide you the rationalization to these questions. You can now ask questions and debate among
yourselves. Write the correct answer and correct/additional ratio in the space provided.

1. ANSWER: ________
DESCRIPTION:_________________________________________________________________________________
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2. ANSWER: ________
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3. ANSWER: ________
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4. ANSWER: ________
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5. ANSWER: ________
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LESSON WRAP-UP

You will now mark (encircle) the session you have finished today in the tracker below. This is simply a visual to help you
track how much work you have accomplished and how much work there is left to do.

You are done with the session! Let’s track your progress.

AL Activity: CAT 3-2-1

This strategy provides a structure for you to record your own comprehension and summarize your learning.

Three things you learned:

1. _______________________________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________________________

Two things that you’d like to learn more about:

1. _______________________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________________________

One question you still have:

1. ________________________________________________________________________________________

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