Name:- Tushar Nepale

SE (B)
Sub:- Internet of Things
ROLL NO:- 88

Case study- 3
Title:- Big Data and Cloud Computing
Introduction:-
Big data and cloud computing are two closely related technologies that have
transformed the way organizations store, manage, and analyze large amounts of data.
Big data refers to the vast amounts of structured and unstructured data generated by
organizations, individuals, and machines. This data can come from a variety of sources,
including social media, sensors, mobile devices, and enterprise applications. Big data is
characterized by its volume, velocity, variety, and veracity, and traditional data processing
techniques are often inadequate to handle such large volumes of data.
Cloud computing, on the other hand, is a technology that allows organizations to store,
manage, and access data and applications over the internet, rather than on local servers or
personal computers. Cloud computing provides on-demand access to computing resources,
such as servers, storage, and applications, and allows organizations to scale their resources up
or down as needed.
Big data and cloud computing are closely related because cloud computing provides the
infrastructure necessary to store and process large amounts of data. Cloud computing
providers offer scalable, reliable, and cost-effective storage and computing resources, which
can be used to store and process big data. Cloud computing also provides the flexibility to
choose the right tools and frameworks for big data processing, such as Hadoop, Spark, and
NoSQL databases.
Together, big data and cloud computing have transformed the way organizations handle data,
providing new opportunities for data-driven insights, real-time analytics, and intelligent
automation. They have also paved the way for new technologies, such as machine learning
and artificial intelligence, which rely on large amounts of data to train models and make
predictions.

The Difference Between Big Data & Cloud Computing:-

Before discussing how the two go together, it’s important to form a clear distinction between
“Big Data” and “Cloud Computing”. Although they are technically different terms, they’re
often seen together in literature because they interact synergistically with one another.

Big Data: This simply refers to the very large sets of data that are output by a variety of
programs. It can refer to any of a large variety of types of data, and the data sets are usually
far too large to peruse or query on a regular computer.
Cloud Computing: This refers to the processing of anything, including Big Data Analytics, on
the “cloud”. The “cloud” is just a set of high-powered servers from one of many providers.
They can often view and query large data sets much more quickly than a standard computer
could.
Essentially, “Big Data” refers to the large sets of data collected, while “Cloud Computing”
refers to the mechanism that remotely takes this data in and performs any operations specified
on that data.

The Roles & Relationship Between Big Data & Cloud Computing:-
Cloud Computing providers often utilize a “software as a service” model to allow customers
to easily process data. Typically, a console that can take in specialized commands and
parameters is available, but everything can also be done from the site’s user interface. Some
products that are usually part of this package include database management systems, cloud-
based virtual machines and containers, identity management systems, machine learning
capabilities, and more.
In turn, Big Data is often generated by large, network-based systems. It can be in either a
standard or non-standard format. If the data is in a non-standard format, artificial intelligence
from the Cloud Computing provider may be used in addition to machine learning to
standardize the data.
From there, the data can be harnessed through the Cloud Computing platform and utilized in
a variety of ways. For example, it can be searched, edited, and used for future insights.
This cloud infrastructure allows for real-time processing of Big Data. It can take huge
“blasts” of data from intensive systems and interpret it in real-time. Another common
relationship between Big Data and Cloud Computing is that the power of the cloud allows
Big Data analytics to occur in a fraction of the time it used to.

Big Data & Cloud Computing: A Perfect Match:-

As you can see, there are infinite possibilities when we combine Big Data and Cloud
Computing! If we simply had Big Data alone, we would have huge data sets that have a huge
amount of potential value just sitting there. Using our computers to analyze them would be
either impossible or impractical due to the amount of time it would take.
However, Cloud Computing allows us to use state-of-the-art infrastructure and only pay for
the time and power that we use! Cloud application development is also fueled by Big Data.
Without Big Data, there would be far fewer cloud-based applications, since there wouldn’t be
any real necessity for them. Remember, Big Data is often collected by cloud-based
applications, as well!
In short, Cloud Computing services largely exist because of Big Data. Likewise, the only
reason that we collect Big Data is because we have services that are capable of taking it in
and deciphering it, often in a matter of seconds. The two are a perfect match, since neither
would exist without the other!

Body:-
Here are some examples of how big data and cloud computing are used in various industries:

1.Healthcare:-
Big data and cloud computing have significant potential to transform healthcare by enabling
better patient care, improving clinical outcomes, and reducing costs. Here are some examples
of how big data and cloud computing are being used in healthcare:
Electronic Health Records (EHRs): Cloud-based EHR systems enable healthcare providers to
access patient data from anywhere, at any time. These systems can also use big data analytics
to identify patterns and trends in patient data, which can be used to improve clinical decision-
making.
Medical Imaging: Cloud-based medical imaging platforms enable physicians to view and
share medical images, such as X-rays and CT scans, from anywhere in the world. These
platforms can also use big data analytics to identify patterns and trends in medical images,
which can help improve the accuracy of diagnoses.
Personalized Medicine: Cloud-based genomics platforms can analyze large amounts of
genomic data to identify individualized treatment options for patients based on their unique
genetic makeup.
Population Health Management: Cloud-based population health management platforms can
analyze large amounts of patient data to identify high-risk populations and develop targeted
interventions to improve their health outcomes.
Clinical Trials: Cloud-based clinical trial management systems enable researchers to manage
clinical trial data securely and efficiently. These systems can also use big data analytics to
identify patterns and trends in clinical trial data, which can be used to improve the design of
future trials.
Overall, big data and cloud computing have the potential to revolutionize healthcare by
enabling better patient care, improving clinical outcomes, and reducing costs. However, it is
important to ensure that these technologies are used ethically and in compliance with privacy
regulations to protect patient data.

2.Finance:-
Big data and cloud computing are transforming the finance industry by enabling better risk
management, improving customer experiences, and reducing costs. Here are some examples
of how big data and cloud computing are being used in finance:
Fraud Detection: Cloud-based fraud detection systems use big data analytics to identify
suspicious patterns and transactions in real-time. These systems can help financial institutions
detect and prevent fraudulent activities, which can save them significant amounts of money.
Risk Management: Cloud-based risk management systems use big data analytics to identify
and mitigate risks in real-time. These systems can help financial institutions make more
informed decisions, reduce their exposure to risks, and comply with regulatory requirements.
Customer Analytics: Cloud-based customer analytics platforms use big data analytics to
analyze customer data and identify insights that can be used to improve customer
experiences. These insights can help financial institutions develop personalized products and
services that better meet the needs of their customers.
Trading Analytics: Cloud-based trading analytics platforms use big data analytics to analyze
market data and identify trading opportunities. These platforms can help financial institutions
make more informed investment decisions, reduce their exposure to risks, and improve their
returns.
Back-office Operations: Cloud-based back-office systems can help financial institutions
automate their back-office operations, such as accounting, reconciliation, and reporting.
These systems can help reduce operational costs, improve efficiency, and free up resources
that can be used to focus on more strategic activities.
Overall, big data and cloud computing are transforming the finance industry by enabling
financial institutions to make more informed decisions, reduce costs, and improve customer
experiences. However, it is important to ensure that these technologies are used ethically and
in compliance with regulatory requirements to protect customer data and maintain financial
stability.

3.Retail:-
Big data and cloud computing are transforming the retail industry by enabling better
customer experiences, improving inventory management, and increasing operational
efficiency. Here are some examples of how big data and cloud computing are being used in
retail:
Personalized Marketing: Cloud-based customer analytics platforms use big data analytics to
analyze customer data and identify insights that can be used to develop personalized
marketing campaigns. These campaigns can help retailers improve customer engagement and
increase sales.
Inventory Management: Cloud-based inventory management systems use big data analytics
to analyze inventory data and identify insights that can be used to optimize inventory levels,
reduce stockouts, and improve supply chain efficiency.
E-commerce Platforms: Cloud-based e-commerce platforms enable retailers to build and
manage online stores that can handle large volumes of traffic and transactions. These
platforms can also use big data analytics to identify customer preferences and recommend
products that are likely to be of interest to them.
In-store Analytics: Cloud-based in-store analytics platforms use sensors and other IoT
devices to collect data on customer behavior, such as foot traffic, dwell time, and purchase
patterns. This data can be used to improve store layout, optimize product placement, and
enhance the overall customer experience.
Supply Chain Management: Cloud-based supply chain management systems use big data
analytics to analyze supply chain data and identify insights that can be used to optimize
logistics, reduce costs, and improve delivery times.
Overall, big data and cloud computing are transforming the retail industry by enabling
retailers to improve customer experiences, increase operational efficiency, and reduce costs.
However, it is important to ensure that these technologies are used ethically and in
compliance with privacy regulations to protect customer data.

Manufacturing:-
Big data and cloud computing are transforming the manufacturing industry by enabling better
supply chain management, improving quality control, and increasing operational efficiency.
Here are some examples of how big data and cloud computing are being used in
manufacturing:
Predictive Maintenance: Cloud-based predictive maintenance systems use big data analytics
to analyze machine data and identify insights that can be used to predict when machines are
likely to fail. These insights can be used to schedule maintenance proactively, reduce
downtime, and improve machine reliability.
Quality Control: Cloud-based quality control systems use big data analytics to analyze
product data and identify insights that can be used to improve product quality. These insights
can be used to identify defects, reduce scrap rates, and improve overall product performance.
Supply Chain Management: Cloud-based supply chain management systems use big data
analytics to analyze supply chain data and identify insights that can be used to optimize
logistics, reduce costs, and improve delivery times. These insights can also be used to identify
supply chain risks and develop contingency plans to mitigate those risks.
Digital Twins: Cloud-based digital twin platforms use big data analytics to create virtual
models of physical assets, such as machines or production lines. These models can be used to
simulate different scenarios, test new designs, and optimize performance.
Industrial IoT: Cloud-based Industrial IoT platforms use sensors and other IoT devices to
collect data on machine performance, energy usage, and other metrics. This data can be used
to improve machine performance, reduce energy consumption, and optimize production
processes.
Overall, big data and cloud computing are transforming the manufacturing industry by
enabling manufacturers to improve quality control, reduce downtime, and increase
operational efficiency. However, it is important to ensure that these technologies are used
ethically and in compliance with privacy regulations to protect employee data and maintain
operational safety.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, big data and cloud computing are essential technologies that enable
organizations to store, process, and analyze large volumes of data efficiently. Big data
analytics can be used to identify patterns, trends, and insights that can be used to improve
business outcomes. Cloud computing provides a flexible and scalable platform for storing
and processing data. Big data and cloud computing are used in various industries, such as
healthcare, finance, retail, and manufacturing, to improve productivity, quality, and customer
service.