ADVANCES IN

ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF
PLURIPOTENT CELLS
NEWS AND EVENTS

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 DERIVED FROM DEAD EMBRYOS

● Developed human embryonic stem cell

● In vitro fertilization (IVF) - egg is fertilized by sperm
in a test tube.
● Miodrag Stojkovic - “Stem Cells”
○ used 161 donated embryos
○ 29 - developing; 119 “arrested” - 3 to 5 days; 13
arrested 6 to 7 days after fertilization.

Abbott, A. (2006, September 21). Naturally Dead Embryos

Yield Stem Cells. Nature News. Retrieved from
https://www.nature.com/news/2006/060918/full/news060918-
10.html
ARROGANTE, BUTAYA, CALIMOT
 VIA BLASTOMERE EXTRACTION FROM LIVING
EMBRYOS & BIOLOGICAL ARTIFACTS

Blastomere extraction from living embryos

● ten out of sixteen blastomere-derived morulae

attached to the MEFs, and two produced an
outgrowth
● two hESC lines were derived from distinct
4-cell stage embryos

Geens M, Mateizel I, Sermon K, De Rycke M, Spits C, Cauffman G, Devroey P, Tournaye H, Liebaers I, Van de
Velde H. 2009. Human embryonic stem cell lines derived from single blastomeres of two 4-cell stage embryos.
Human Reproduction. 24(11):2709–2717. doi:10.1093/humrep/dep262. ARROGANTE, BUTAYA, CALIMOT
 VIA BLASTOMERE EXTRACTION FROM LIVING
EMBRYOS & BIOLOGICAL ARTIFACTS
biological artifact - a synthetic cell with an artificially created and transplanted genome (Gibson et al. 2010)

● Altered Nuclear Transfer (ANT)

● cloned blastocysts were morphologically
abnormal, and failed to implant into the
uterus
● efficiently generated pluripotent embryonic
stem cells when explanted into culture

Meissner A, Jaenisch R. 2005. Generation of nuclear transfer-derived pluripotent ES cells from cloned
Cdx2-deficient blastocysts. Nature. 439(7073):212–215. doi:10.1038/nature04257.
ARROGANTE, BUTAYA, CALIMOT
 VIA SOMATIC CELL DEDIFFERENTIATION
1. use of a microfluidic device to mimic the
hematopoiesis (Li et al., 2022)
2. identity of the cell responsible for the creation
of blood stem cell (Pimanda et al., 2022)

- donor blood stem cell shortages, rejection of

donor tissue cells, and the ethical issues
surrounding the use of IVF embryo

- understanding of how, when, where and which

cells are involved in the creation of blood stem
cells
Original written by Lachlan Gilbert. University of New South Wales. (2022,
September 13). The blood stem cell research that could change medicine of
the future. ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 20, 2023 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/09/220913110423.htm
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 CONCLUSION
● Derived dead embryos to develop human embryonic stem cell is
possible and ethical.
● Pluripotent stem cells can be derived from blastomere collected by
embryo biopsy.
● The use of biological artifacts is unethical.
● Stem cells could be reverse engineered from adult tissue cells rather
than using live human or animal embryos.

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