Ohm's Law

OHM’S LAW
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
● Use the relationship R=V/I to solve problems;

given an emf source connected to a resistor,
● Determine the power supplied or dissipated by

each element in the circuit;
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
● Solve problems involving ohm's law in a context

such as, but not limited to, batteries and bulbs,
household wiring, selection of fuses, and
accumulation of surface charge in the junction
between wires made of different materials; and
● Decode the value of the resistors.

Ohm’s Law
Ohm’s Law ● Voltage
Voltage is the pressure from an electrical
circuit's power source that pushes charged
electrons (current) through a conducting loop,
enabling them to do work such as illuminating a
light.
Alessandro Volta
1745-1827
Ohm’s Law ● Current
Electrical current is the flow rate of
electric charge in electric field, usually in
electrical circuit.
Andre-Marie Ampere
1775-1836
Ohm’s Law
● Resistance
The electrical resistance of an object
is a measure of its opposition to the
flow of electric current.
George Simon Ohm
1784-1854
Ohm’s Law ● Voltage
● Current
● Resistance
Ohm’s Law
V = IR
Where:
V - Voltage (V)
I - Current (A)
R - Resistance (Ω)
Examples
How to calculate the amount of current that will go
through the resistor in this circuit:
How to calculate the amount of current that will go
through the resistor in this circuit:
Given:
V = 12 V
R = 470 Ω
Given: V = 12 V Find: I
R = 470 Ω
Formula: I=V
R
Solution:
I = 12 V = 0.02553 A = 2.55x10⁻² A = 25.53 mA
470 Ω
How much is the current, in a 470-kΩ resistor if its
voltage is 23.5 V?
Given:
R = 470 kΩ
V = 23.5 V
Given: R = 470,000 Ω Find: I
V = 23.5 V
Formula: I=V
R
Solution:
I = 23.5 V = 5x10⁻⁵ A
470,000Ω
How much voltage will be dropped across a 40 kΩ
resistance whose current is 250 µA?
Given:
R = 40 kΩ
I = 250 µA
Given: R = 40x10³ Ω Find: V
I = 250x10⁻³ A
Find: V = IR
Solution:
V = (250x10⁻⁶ A)(40x10³ Ω)
V = 10 V
Activity
Solve for the unknown quantity (V, I, or R)
given the other two, and express your
answer in scientific notation.
Voltage Current Resistance
20 mA 5 kΩ
1×10² V 20 mA 5 kΩ
24 V 3.3 MΩ
24 V 7.3 ×10⁻⁶ A 3.3 MΩ

1.02 mV 40 μA
1.02 mV 40 μA 2.6 ×10¹ Ω

0.00035 A 5350 Ω
1.9 ×10⁰ V 0.00035 A 5350 Ω

477 V 0.00500 Ω
477 V 9.54 ×10⁴ A 0.00500 Ω

Solve for the unknown quantity (V, I, or R)
given the other two, and express your
answer in metric notation.
0.02 V 992,000 Ω
0.02 V 20 nA 992,000 Ω
0.0000084 V 0.011 A
0.0000084 V 0.011 A 764 μΩ

7.1 V 47 kΩ
7.1 V 151 μA 47 kΩ
3.5 GV 0.76 kA
3.5 GV 0.76 kA 4.6 MΩ

1,710,000 A 0.002 Ω
3.42 kV 1,710,000 A 0.002 Ω

Decoding a Resistor
Resistors may not display their value outright not
just like the capacitors and batteries, but they are
marked according to their resistivity with color
bands. We can find the range of their resistance by
decoding this color-coding system.
Band A Band B
± 3%
± 4%
Address the formula, input parameters & values
Resistance Value (Ω) = AB x 10ᶜ ± Tolerance %

Examples
1st Digit 2nd Digit Multiplier Tolerance
Brown Black Brown Gold
1 0 x10¹ ±5%
Band A Band B
± 3%
± 4%
Brown Black Brown Gold
1 0 x10¹ ±5%
10x10¹ = 100 Ω ±5%

(100 Ω)(0.05) = 5
100 Ω - 5 = 95 Ω
100 Ω + 5 = 105 Ω
Brown Green Orange Gold
Band A Band B
± 3%
± 4%
Brown Green Orange Gold
1 5 x10³ ±5%
15x10³ = 15 kΩ ±5%
(15 kΩ)(0.05) = 750
15 kΩ - 750 = 14.25 kΩ
15 kΩ + 750 = 15.75 kΩ
Yellow Violet Brown Gold
Band A Band B
± 3%
± 4%
Yellow Violet Brown Gold
4 7 x10¹ ±5%
47x10¹ = 470 Ω ±5%

(470 Ω)(0.05) = 23.5
470 Ω - 23.5 = 446.5 Ω
470 Ω + 23.5 = 493.5 Ω
Green Blue Red Gold
Band A Band B
± 3%
± 4%
Green Blue Red Gold
5 6 x10² ±5%
56x10² = 5.6 kΩ ±5%

(5.6 kΩ)(0.05) = 280
5.6 kΩ - 280 = 5.32 kΩ
5.6 kΩ + 280 = 5.88 kΩ
Brown Black Orange Gold
Band A Band B
± 3%
± 4%
Brown Black Orange Gold
1 0 x10³ ±5%
10x10³ = 10 kΩ ±5%
(10 kΩ)(0.05) = 500
10 kΩ - 500 = 9.5 kΩ
10 kΩ + 500 = 10.5 kΩ
Activity
Resistance Minimum Maximum
39 kΩ ±5% 37.05 kΩ 40.95 kΩ
47 Ω ±5% 44.65 Ω 49.35 Ω
1.5 kΩ ±5% 1.425 kΩ 1.575 kΩ
2.2 kΩ ±5% 2.09 kΩ 2.31 kΩ
47 kΩ ±5% 44.65 kΩ 49.35 kΩ

Ohm's Law

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OHM’S LAW

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

● Use the relationship R=V/I to solve problems;

● Determine the power supplied or dissipated by

● Solve problems involving ohm's law in a context

● Decode the value of the resistors.

24 V 7.3 ×10⁻⁶ A 3.3 MΩ

1.02 mV 40 μA 2.6 ×10¹ Ω

1.9 ×10⁰ V 0.00035 A 5350 Ω

477 V 9.54 ×10⁴ A 0.00500 Ω

0.0000084 V 0.011 A 764 μΩ

3.5 GV 0.76 kA 4.6 MΩ

3.42 kV 1,710,000 A 0.002 Ω

Resistance Value (Ω) = AB x 10ᶜ ± Tolerance %

10x10¹ = 100 Ω ±5%

47x10¹ = 470 Ω ±5%

56x10² = 5.6 kΩ ±5%

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