DECL ARATION OF

INDEPENDENCE
A M B R O S I O R I A N Z A R E S B A U T I S TA
 LESSON OBJECTIVES

To identify the events that transpired during the Declaration of Independence

To assess the importance of such event in Philippine history
OBJECTIVES To analyze whether the event truly led to Philippine Independence

Declaration of Independence Lesson 14

AMBROSIO RIANZARES BAUTISTA

• December 7, 1830
• Biñan, Laguna
• Written the “Act of Declaration of Philippine
Independence”
• Read it on June 12, 1898

Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14
THE ACT OF DECLARATION OF
PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE”
• Patterned after the American declaration of independence
– But it was not recognized by Spain nor America

Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14
TREATY OF PARIS
• December 10, 1898
• Spanish-American War
• Spain:
– Relinquish Cuba and cede
Puerto Rico and one of the
Mariana Islands to the US
– Philippines: to be held by US
until its disposition is
determined
• $20 million dollars for the
Philippines

Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14
Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14
DECLARATION OF PHILIPPINE
INDEPENDENCE
• The Philippine Declaration of Independence occurred in Kawit, Cavite on 12 June 1898 where
Filipino revolutionary forces under General Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed the sovereignty and
independence of the Philippine islands from Spanish colonization after the latter was defeated
at the Battle of Manila Bay on 1 May 1898 during the Spanish-American War.

• It was declared a national holiday and was witnessed by thousands of people who gathered in
Kawit to witness the historic event.

Declaration of Independence
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DECLARATION OF PHILIPPINE
INDEPENDENCE
• The declaration, however, was not recognized by the United States or Spain, as the Spanish
government ceded the Philippines (and other Spanish colonial territories) to the United States
in the 1898 Treaty of Paris signed on 10 December 1898 in consideration for an indemnity for
Spanish expenses and assets lost.

Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14
DECLARATION OF PHILIPPINE
INDEPENDENCE
• The Act of the Declaration of Independence was prepared and written by Ambrosio Rianzares
Bautista in Spanish, who also read the said declaration. A passage in the Declaration reminds
one of another passage in the American Declaration of Independence.

• The Philippine Declaration was signed by ninety-eight persons, among them an American army
officer who witnessed the proclamation.

Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14
DECLARATION OF PHILIPPINE
INDEPENDENCE
• The Act declared that the Filipinos “are and have the right to be free and independent,” and
that the nation from ”this day commences to have a life of its own, with every political tie
between Filipinas and Spain severed and annulled”.

• The event saw the National Flag of the Philippines, designed by General Aguinaldo and made in
Hongkong by Mrs. Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo and Delfina Herboza unfurled for the
first time.

Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14
DECLARATION OF PHILIPPINE
INDEPENDENCE
• This was followed by the performance of the “Marcha Filipina Magdalo” now known as “Lupang
Hinirang”, the National Anthem.

• The composer, Julian Felipe. was a music teacher from Cavite. The lyrics to the anthem were
sourced a year after from the poem of Jose Palma entitled “Filipinas”.

Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14
PHILIPPINE FLAG

Declaration of Independence
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Declaration of Independence
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Declaration of Independence
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PHILIPPINE FLAG

• General Aguinaldo explained the symbolism of the Filipino flag. Each of the three colors has an
appropriate meaning:

a. the lower red stripe represents patriotism and valor

b. the upper blue stripe signifies peace, truth and justice
c. the white triangle stands for equality

Declaration of Independence
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Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14
PHILIPPINE FLAG

• The three stars indicate the three geographical areas of Luzon,Visayas and Mindanao.

• The eight rays of the sun refer to first eight provinces of Manila, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva
Ecija, Bataan, Laguna, Batangas and Cavite which took up arms against Spain and were placed
under martial law by the Spaniards at the start of the Philippine Revolution in 1896.

Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14
DECLARATION OF PHILIPPINE
INDEPENDENCE
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Declaration of Independence
Lesson 14