Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction: ............................................................................... 3
Ask Paul........................................................................................ 46
The main transcription for today’s issue is a Berry Oakley bass line - it’s
his line on the Allman Brothers version of Drunken Hearted Boy from
the seminal Live At The Fillmore album. (One day I’m going to challenge
myself and transcribe Mountain Jam - all 33 minutes of it! LOL).
Long time subscribers of FB&B will know how much I adore Berry’s work
- which is woefully under-represented in the bass literature out there in
bass land!
The first video tutorial for Issue 278 continues the 90s “Brit Pop” vibe we
started in Issue 276 - it’s Alright by Supergrass.
The second video tutorial for Issue 276 is the fourth of a mini series of
classic R&B tutorials that Gordon is going to teach. Today’s tune is Think
by Aretha Franklin.
I’ve swapped the Music Theory Column out for a few weeks for two rea-
sons. One I want to catch up some of the videos needed for the prior
columns. And two, I want to take an idea I had for a new column for
a test drive for a few issues. That idea is Walking Bass Corner. And in
Walking Bass Corner I’m going to take just 32 bars of a walking bass
line and transcribe and analyze it. Today’s analysis is on 32 bars of Ray
Brown’s line on Killer Joe by Quincy Jones.
If you’ve got any questions you can email me directly. My email address
is:
paul@first-bass-and-beyond.com
http://www.facebook.com/pages/How-To-Play-Bass-Dot-
Com/118787498204407
Paul
Now there are several versions of Drunken Hearted Boy floating around
- this one is the take that’s 6.55 long from the Fillmore Concerts CD. If by
any chance the version you’ve got is 7.34 long, then what you need to do
is ignore the chorus that starts at 5.52 and then follow along with the last
verse when it kicks in 12 bars later.
Paul’s Note - The Fillmore Concerts were recorded over 4 nights and
some of the songs are made up by splicing sections from different ver-
sions together. Interestingly when slowed down in Anytune - and with
the track pitch shifted up an octave - I was able to hear the tape splice
clearly for the first time!
One more thing: by the time I got half way through the transcription I
realized that instead of notating this out in regular time and using the
‘shuffle 8th note notation’ I should probably have presented this in 12:8.
Unfortunately my transcription software does not let you do that easily -
and it’s a sizable task!
Berry’s approach in this is very similar to other songs like this in the All-
man’s oeuvre - see Stormy Monday for example. There’s a ton of great
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ideas that you can lift from this tune - but also it’s worth going through
and analyzing and seeing what’s common to other blues rock players
like Tommy Shannon and Carl Radle and so on.
We’ve got four sections to learn. The first of those sections is the verse -
which comes in after the piano intro. It looks like this:
We’ll go through the song format in a moment - the next section we need
to learn is the section under the lyric: Are we like you? That section looks
like this:
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STOP PRESS! If you look closely at the section in Bar 4 you’ll see some-
thing that’s nearly as rare as the dodo - it’s an ascending major scale
played in its entirety!!! This is Issue 278 and I feature anywhere from 2
to 4 tunes per issue and this is the FIRST time I’ve ever featured a tune
with a complete scale in the bass line! Now do you see why I advise NOT
learning scales!
OK, excitement over, back to the regular programming. The verse after
this uses a simple variation - here’s what we can use:
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Song Format
Here’s how the song lays out and what sections to use:
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How To Program The Sections In Band In A Box
If you want to program and isolate the sections in Band In A Box (and
play with the tempos)here’s how to do it:
1. Set key to D
2. Aim for performance tempo to be around 145 BPM
3. Choose a style for practice. I chose the BritBluesInvasion Piano style -
it’s got lots of piano so it makes a good style to practice the song sections
too.
4. I then muted the bass. It’s not ideal...but it’s not too bad.
Here is the main sections of the song programmed - we’ve got two verses
and then the ‘Are we like you?” section:
The only other section we need to program is the guitar break. That
looks like this:
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There will be a bass less backing track to practice along with for when
you’ve worked this one up to performance tempo.
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VIDEO TUTORIAL 2 - THINK BY ARETHA FRANKLIN
Think starts off with a piano intro that lasts for three and a bit bars be-
fore a combined drum and bass fill brings the main groove in:
Now the main sections of the verse and chorus are based on a repeating
groove. It looks like this:
Here’s a repetition of the groove that you can use for the four bars prior
to the bridge (the bridge is the section with the lyrics “Freedom, Free-
dom....”):
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And here’s the ‘Freedom’ bridge section:
This bridge gives way to a key change - the main groove goes up a semi
tone to B - the main groove is the section within the repeat bars. The
first two bars are the first two bars you play after you come out of the
bridge above:
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There’s only one more section we need to program. That section has the
lyric: “You need me. And I need you....” and it’s a 4 bar vamp on the IV
chord. It looks like this:
After that we return to the basic groove in B and just repeat it to the fade.
Now these are the basic parts - if you’re playing this live there’s a lot you
can do to vary things up with simple rhythmic variations.
If you want to program and isolate the main sections in Band In A Box
(and play with the tempos)here’s how to do it:
1. Set key to Bb
2. Aim for performance tempo to be around 110 BPM
3. Choose a style for practice. The 60 soul style (no tambourine) works
perfectly fine.
4. I then muted the bass!
Here’s what the entire song looks like when programmed in Band In A
Box. This starts from where the vocals come in - so we’re missing the
first 4 bars of the piano intro:
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As always there is a bass less backing track on the Issue 278 page for you
to play along with.
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Walking Bass Corner 1
WALKING BASS CORNER 1
I’ve had enough emails down the years to know that there are some
FB&B subscribers who are interested in jazz bass lines. And you may or
may not know but I’ve created a really comprehensive course teaching
walking bass. The last lesson of that course talks about what to do be-
yond the course - and my advice boiled down to this:
2. But if your goals were to go beyond what I taught in the course, then
you need to start transcribing and studying the jazz greats.
The tune we’re going to kick off with is 32 bars of a Benny Golson tune
called Killer Joe.
The version we’re going to look at is the version by Quincy Jones on his
Walking In Space album. And the bass player on that album was the in-
imitable Ray Brown.
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The next step is to analyze this as best we can - I say as best we can be-
cause jazz is very much an in the moment kind of music, and often play-
ers are ‘just playing’ and sometimes that might take them outside the
harmony that we’re expecting them to use!
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Before we start looking at this a little bit deeper, a quick word on the an-
notation below the notes.
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1. The Downbeat
If you look at the note that Ray plays on the downbeat of the chord he’s
very traditional. Of the 32 bars here, Ray plays the root or the 5th 26
times. He plays the major third on the downbeat four times. And there
are two bars where I think he makes a mistake!
The bars in question are bars 9 and 10 and Ray plays this:
Now it’s possible that this was a deliberate use of a non chord tone to de-
lay the resolution of the chord tone to beat 2. And note that he uses the
third on beat 3 of the both the C7 and Bb7 bars - so that any ‘obscuring’
of the harmony by playing that chord tone is resolved by using the root
and the major third. And then more chord tones on Beat 4.
It’s also possible that this was an error as he was playing - and to make it
sound like it wasn’t an error he repeated it the bar afterwards! (I forget
where I learned this ‘trick’ - if you make an error make it sound like it
was something you were trying to do by repeating it shortly afterwards!)
Either way Ray makes it work. So it could be an idea you could work on
and add to your box of tricks. The components of this would be:
L.C on downbeat
R on Beat 2
Third on Beat 3
5th/Other Chord Tones on Beat 4.
In the last two bars of this chorus we’ve got this figure:
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Notice how the linear descending pattern is broken up with open
strings. Plus also notice how Ray continues the pattern into the Bb7
chord and starts the Bb7 chord on the next note in the pattern - which is
C - and is the 9th of the chord.
And whilst we’re on the use of open string, they are also used to help
facilitate position shifts (either upwards OR downwards). Check out this
example from Bars 5 and 6:
There’s also an indirect resolution at the end of Bar 5 - we’ve got the up-
per scalar/lower chromatic indirect resolution to the fifth at the start of
the Bb7 bar. That’s something that’s definitely worth practicing!
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3. Extensive Use Of Chordal Patterns
If you go through the various patterns that Ray uses - you’ll find a lot of
chordal patterns - that is patterns with R,3 (b3 for minor) ,5 and b7 (or 7
if major chord) in them.
And there are several patterns that whilst not strictly chordal, rely heav-
ily on chordal material - e.g. 3-4-5-R or 5-4-3-5 or R-3-6-5 or R-2-b3-5.
Note that the patterns Ray uses in the ‘B’ section - bars 16 to 24 - are very
chordal and strongly outline the different chords used in this section.
4. Range Of Fingerboard
Note the wide range of the fingerboard in this 32 bar section - from the
open E string right up to the G at the 12th fret of the G string. A full two
octaves plus a minor third. And often he uses open strings to facilitate
transitioning between upper and lower registers of the fingerboard.
5. Use Of Triplets
The one exception here is the triplet on Beat 3 of Bar 16 - that’s an odd
figure to work out.
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6. Mistakes?
I already noted the two instances where Ray plays the lower chromatic
note of either the C7 or Bb7 chords on the downbeat. There are a couple
of other notes that don’t make any sense to me.
In the descending pattern in Bar 6 - over a Bb7 chord - Ray goes from F
to E to D. F and D are the 5th and the 3rd and fall on the ‘strong’ beats of
the bar. But that E natural....it’s not in the scale of Bb7 and possibly he
should have played an Eb - the 4th of Bb7 to create a scalar sequence.
However this is jazz....and what’s more important is the linear flow of the
line. Any tension created by that note is instantly dissipated by landing
on the major third on Beat 3. So if you’re practicing linear runs you can
incorporate 5-#4 - 3-Ap into your exercises to give you a more tension
filled alternative to 5-4-3-Ap.
In Bar 15 over the C7 chord Ray plays E-A-F#-G - again, I can’t reconcile
this. And again think that maybe it’s a ‘mistake.’ The point about mak-
ing mistakes - if having the temerity to ‘criticize’ the great Ray Brown - to
note from what we’ve seen is that whenever Ray appears to make a mis-
take he immediately creates a resolution to a strong chordal note.
Summary
One of the reasons I started this column with Killer Joe is that I’m having
a ‘Ray Brown’ challenge with FB&B subscriber Simon Davies. What we’re
going to do is learn this section by rote and then play it along with the
original recording and try and match Ray’s feel and compare and con-
trast video footage of us both doing this!
That’s the other great lesson from listening to this 32 bar segment - Ray’s
time and sound is utterly fabulous. His tone is warm and round, and his
playing always swings hard.
Beyond that, there are some ideas that we can pick up from this brief
analysis. The lower chromatic and delaying the resolution to the root is
an interesting idea that I’m going to play with. As is the 5-#4-3-Ap
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pattern.
Hopefully you can see the kind of thing that we’re going to be doing with
this column. Please don’t hesitate to ask any questions or comment on
this - either on the Issue 278 page or via email.
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Deconstructing Tommy
Shannon - Col 08
DECONSTRUCTING TOMMY SHANNON - COLUMN 08
Introduction
The guitar solo is where we get the next major variations - this is played
over the 12 bar chord form. Let’s look at the first guitar solo section.
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If you’ve been following this column from the Pride And Joy analysis
there’s a lot of material here that you should remember and recognize.
1. For the first two bars Tommy uses a traditional two bar, up and down
blues pattern that we saw in Pride And Joy.
2. For the second two bars there’s a variation where the downbeat of Bar
4 is the b7 instead of the octave - again we saw this variation in Pride
And Joy.
3. The two bars of the D7 chord use patterns that again we saw in Pride
And Joy - the main difference being that the notes are doubled rather
than use a lower open string for ‘bounce.’ (We’ll see that in a minute
though!) Note particularly the 8-b7-6-Ch pattern.
4. Bars 7 and 8 again use patterns we are familiar with from Pride And
Joy.
5. In Bars 9 and 10 - notice how Tommy uses the low E string to bounce
off just as he did in Pride And Joy. Very interesting - the patterns are
again familiar patterns.
6. In the final two bars Tommy reverts to the two bar phrase - notice how
this phrase neatly falls on the E7 chord at Beat 3 of Bar 12.
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This section is much more ‘riff based.’ The two bar R-2-5-6- to b7-6-5-3
pattern is used for the first eight bars.
Bars 9 and 10 have got some simple variations, made effective by switch-
ing in some quarter notes - and Tommy finishes up the chorus by play-
ing the two bar figure that goes to the octave.
Let’s look at the third solo and see if Tommy dishes up any variations for
that.
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And this is almost identical to the previous chorus - the only thing that’s
different are a couple of rhythmic changes. In Bar 7 there’s a quarter
note on Beat 3. And in Bars 9 and 10 Tommy uses the same patterns but
switches to 8th notes.
The remaining song sections are almost entirely the same as sections we
looked at last week - so if you want to play through the song you should
be able to. (There’s an ending that you’ll need to work it, but it’s fairly
straightforward. I’ve not covered it because it’s not relevant to this tuto-
rial).
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Thoughts On Love Struck Baby
Love Struck Baby is a relatively simple song in the Stevie Ray canon - but
it’s highly interesting because apart from a rhythm change - swing 8th to
straight 8th - all of the patterns that Tommy used on this version of the
tune were found in Pride And Joy.
The live versions of Love Struck Baby are interesting because Tommy
stretches out a bit more. And it may be that I’ll take a listen to that ver-
sion and see if Tommy is doing anything radically different.
Summary
In this lesson we’ve looked at the patterns Tommy uses in the guitar solo
sections of Love Struck Baby. And as with the patterns he used in the
prior sections of the song that we looked at in Column 7 we’ve not really
found any new patterns that we didn’t discover in Pride And Joy.
It will also be interesting to see if and how these patterns show up in his
non 8th note style lines - e.g. a ballad performance like Texas Flood
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(which a couple of people have requested) or some of his 16th note style
lines for example Mary Had A Little Lamb.
I hope you’re finding this deep dive into Tommy’s style interesting
though - I know I am!!!
Questions
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Ask Paul?
ASK PAUL!
I get lots of questions via email. And if they are from FB&B subscribers
I try to answer all of them! However it occurred to me that for each par-
ticular question there are probably several of you out there in FB&B land
who would be interested in the answer.
So if you have a question for me, here’s where you need to post it:
http://first-bass-and-beyond.com/other-pages/ask-paul-2/
“Hi Paul
This is probably the wrong place for this question, but it sits between a
couple of stools really. I am at the stage now where I get (or am given)
sheet music, usually guitar or piano sheets, to create a bass line for a song.
Sheet music seems to have its own language and I would like to ask if
there is somewhere on FBAB or elsewhere, that you could point me to, to
try to understand it?
I don’t recall covering this on “Sight Reading from the ground up” and
don’t expect it to figure in Music Theory either, so I thought I would try it
here!”
This is a great question and I’m going to spend the next two or three
columns going over some Sight Reading symbols so that they are
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more understandable.
Nigel mentioned the word ‘rit’ and that’s as good a place to get started as
any.
Now without going into a long (and probably boring) history of how
music notation evolved, all that you really need to know is the system
of music notation that we still use to this day began to get codified with
what we now think of as European classical music.
So a lot of the words that are used for various musical terms tend to be
latin sounding, or Italian sounding.
We’ll start this overview of music terms with Nigel’s first question ‘rit’
and then I’ll cover the other most common ones.
Rit or Ritardando
The Rit or Ritardando instruction tells the musician that the tempo
of the music should be gradually decreased. And the dotted line
underneath the music also indicates to precisely what sections of the
music notation the ‘rit’ should be applied to.
In pop and rock music this instruction is most commonly found at the
end of tunes. But in classical music it can be found in the middle of
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a composition. If the original tempo needs to be restored there’s a
command for that. And it’s either tempo primo or a tempo.
Again, you won’t see that instruction used in rock and pop very much.
Let’s look at some other common instructions that you do find in rock
and pop - and these are instructions that determine what volume you
play at.
Dynamic Markings
Here’s a two bar phrase we’re going to use for this section:
But what if you were a composer and you wanted this section to be
quieter. If so, here’s what you’d do:
That ‘p’ stands for ‘piano’ or ‘soft.’ And it’s possible - though unusual,
especially on rock and pop scores - to see that written. If you want to
music to be played softer, you simply add another ‘p’ - ‘pp’ stands for
pianissimo and means very soft:
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If you want it softer still, add another ‘p- now we’re on ppp and that
stands for pianississimo and means very, very soft:
The same kind of thinking applies if you want to indicate that the music
is played louder. Only this time we use an ‘f’ - which is short for ‘forte’ or
‘loud’:
Or even louder - you can add fff which stands for fortississimo and
means very, very loud:
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Now when reading music and encountering these symbols what
complicates matters somewhat is that these symbols indicate relative
levels of sound and not absolute levels. So if your normal plucking style
is louder than mine we might interpret the overall volume level from the
same piece of written music differently!
To complicate matters even further, we’ve also got mp, which stands for
mezzo-piano and means moderately soft:
It’s also worth remembering that what’s written down on a music score
- especially for rock and pop - is usually the interpretation of the person
who transcribed the music for publication. And is NOT - repeat NOT -
something that was written by the composer!
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And music notation is often an attempt to ‘capture’ what has been
played after the fact. Music has so many subtle variations - volume,
tempo, note duration, etc etc - that it’s very difficult to capture all these
nuances 100% accurately.
You may have noticed that I don’t use these markings in my own scores
very often. That’s for these two reasons:
2. My scores are intended to help people study bass lines and learn
them. And I always recommend cross-reference with the original line so
that you can get a clearer idea of dynamics and timing and the like.
Summary
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