EXPERIMENT 3:

AMPLITUDE AND FREQUENCY MEASUREMENTS

AIM: To measure the amplitude, time period and frequency values of a sine wave using CRO
APPARATUS/TOOLS/EQUIPMENTS:
Sl No Name of Equipment Quantity
1 Cathode Ray Oscilloscope 1
2 Function Generator 1
3 CRO probe 1

PRINCIPLE:
C.R.O. (Cathode Ray Oscilloscope) is the instrument which is used to observe signal waveforms.
Signals are displayed in time domain .X-axis represents time and Y-axis represents amplitude. It
is used to measure amplitude, frequency and phase of the waveforms. It is also used to observe
shape of the waveform. C.R.O. is useful for troubleshooting purpose. It helps us to find out gain
of amplifier, test oscillator circuits. We can measure amplitude and frequency of the waveforms
at the different test points in our circuit.

Procedure for amplitude measurements.

 Switch on the CRO

 Adjust the trace
 The function generator is adjusted to get 1 KHz, 1V in the output terminal.
 Using a function generator probe connect the signal to Channel A of the CRO.
 The CRO is adjusted (Using Volts/div and Time /div) to get a measurable waveform in
the screen.
 Then demonstrate the measurements of amplitude and frequency with a CRO.

Amplitude Measurements
Number of divisions in Y-ax which covers one half cycle = X
Volts/div = Y
Amplitude = No of vertical divisions x Volts/ div = X × Y

Procedure for Frequency measurements

 Proper adjustment is made to get a measurable waveform.

 Apply the signal to one of the channels of the CRO.
 The time base control is adjusted to get waves (complete) on the screen.
 The numbers of division for one complete cycle of the displayed waveform on X scale
represent its time period.

Frequency Measurements

Number of horizontal divisions which covers one half cycle = A

Times/div = B

Total time period = Number of horizontal divisions x Time/div

= A × B Sec

OBSERVATIONS & CALCULATIONS:

Sl No Amplitude Time period Frequency

1
2
3

RESULT:
Measured the amplitude, time period and frequency of a sine wave using CRO and Function
Generator