Assignment

Subject: Mathematics III

1 The marks scored obtained by 20 students in an examination are as follows:

25, 37, 8, 40, 45, 29, 42, 12, 25, 16, 20, 36, 30, 33, 24, 24, 11, 35, 30, 45.
Find Mean, Median, and Mode.
Ans: 28.35, 29.5, 24
2 In Tim's office, there are 25 employees. Each employee travels to work every morning in his or
her own car. The distribution of the driving times (in minutes) from home to work for the
employees is shown in the table below.

Driving Times (minutes) 0 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50

Number of Employees 3 10 6 4 2

Calculate the Mean of the driving times.

Ans: 21.8
3 Find the sample Mean for the following frequency table.

Score 5 - 10 10 - 15 15 - 20 20 - 25 25 - 30 30 - 35

Frequency ( f ) 1 4 6 4 2 3

Ans: 20.25

4 The following data represent the annual rainfall distribution, for a sample of 25 years from
1870 to 2004. Find Mean.

Rainfall(inches) 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59

Number of years 1 3 5 8 5 2 0 1
Ans: 36.8

5 Find the Median and Mode in the set of numbers given below:
15, 16,15, 7, 21, 18, 19, 20, 11
Ans: 16, 15
6 Mark operates Technology Titans, a Web site service that employs 8 people. Find the Mean age
of his workers if the ages of the employees are as follows:
55, 63, 34, 59, 29, 46, 51, 41
Ans:47.25
7 Two weeks before Mark opened Technology Titans, he launched his company Web site. During
those 14 days, Mark had an average of 24.5 hits on his Web site per day. In the first two days
that Technology Titans was open for business, the Web site received 42 and 53 hits
 respectively. Determine the new Average for hits on the Web site. Ans:27.375
8 Determine the Mean, Median and Mode of the following set of numbers:
24,25,25,25,26,26,27,27,28,28,31,32
Ans:27, 26.5, 25
9 The weights of 45 people in society were recorded as follows:
Weight(in kg) 46 48 50 52 53 54 55
No. of people 7 5 8 12 10 2 1
10 The following numbers are written in ascending order of their values:
22,25,30,x-11,x-8,x-3,52,60,68
If their median is 39, find the value of x.
11 If the mean of the following data is 20.6, find the missing frequency (p).

x 10 15 20 25 35

f 3 10 p 7 5

Ans. 25
12
A survey on the heights (in cm) of 50 girls of class X was conducted at a school and the
following data were obtained:

Height (in cm) 120-130 130-140 140-150 150-160 160-170 Total

Number of girls 2 8 12 20 8 50

Calculate the mode and median of the above data.

Ans. 154, 151.5

13
Find the median, quartiles, fourth decile, and fourteenth percentile for the data given below:

Wages in Less Less Less Less Less Less Less Less

Rs. than 10 than 20 than 30 than 40 than 50 than 60 than 70 than 80

No. of 15 35 60 84 96 127 198 250

workers
14
Calculate the lower and upper quartiles, fourth decile and 60 th percentile of the following
distribution:

Marks 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45

No. of students 5 6 15 10 5 4 2 2
15
Calculate the mode of the following distribution using the method of grouping:

Marks less than 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

No. of students 6 20 36 56 58 62 68
16 Find the variance and standard deviation of the following:
a) 10, 16, 12, 15, 9, 16, 10, 17, 12, 15 Ans. 7.76, 2.79
b) 74, 72, 83, 96, 64, 79, 88, 69 Ans. 97.36, 9.87
c) 6, 7, 10, 11, 11, 13, 16, 18, 25. Ans. 31.11, 5.58

17 Find an estimate of the variance and standard deviation of the following data for the marks
obtained in a test by 88 students.

Marks[x] 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50

Frequency [f] 6 16 24 25 17
Ans. 138.73, 11.78

18 Find an estimate of the standard deviation of the following:

Income [in 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35

1000’s]
Frequency [f] 9 16 22 8 5
Ans. 5617

19 . Find the variance and standard deviation of the highest temperatures recorded in eight
specific states: 112, 100, 127, 120, 134, 118, 105, and 110.
Ans. 127.6; 11.3

20 Following are the marks obtained, out of 100, by two students Ravi and Hashina in 10 tests.
Ravi : 25, 50, 45, 30, 70, 42, 36, 48, 35, 60

Hashina: 10, 70, 50, 20, 95, 55, 42, 60, 48, 80,
Who is more intelligent and who is more consistent?

21 From the prices of shares of and Y below find out which is more stable in value:

X 35 54 52 53 56 58 52 50 51 49
Y 108 107 105 105 106 107 104 103 104 101
Ans. COVx=11.6, COVy=1.905

22 Goals scored by two football teams:

No. of goals scored 0 1 2 3 4 5

Team A 15 10 7 5 3 2
Team B 20 10 5 4 2 1
 Calculate coefficient of variation and state which team is more consistent.
Ans: Team A[63.29]

23 Two brand of tyres are tested with the following results.

Life[in’000 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45

miles]
X 1 22 64 10 3
y 0 24 76 0 0
a. Which brand of tyres have greater average life?
b. Compare the variability and state which brand of tyres would you used on your fleet of
trucks.
Ans: a. x brand
b. y more consistent
24 The time x in years that an employee spent at a company and the employee's
hourly pay, y, for 5 employees are listed in the table below. Calculate and interpret the
correlation coefficient r.
X 5 3 4 10 15
y 25 20 21 35 38
Ans. 0.97
25 The table below shows the number of absences, x, in a Calculus course and the
Final exam grade, y, for 7 students. Find the correlation coefficient and interpret your result.
X: 1 0 2 6 4 3 3
Y: 95 90 90 55 70 80 85
Ans. -0.93.
25 The table below shows the height, x, in inches and the pulse rate, y, per minute,
for 9 people. Find the correlation coefficient and interpret your result.
X: 68 72 65 70 62 75 78 64 68
Y: 90 85 88 100 105 98 70 65 72
Ans. -0.15
26 Find the correlation coefficient of the following given data:
X: 1 0 2 6 4 3 3
Y: 85 80 70 55 90 90 95
Ans. -0.38
27 Find the correlation coefficient between the marks of two subjects of students.
Student A B C D E F G H I J
Marks in Maths 20 23 8 29 14 11 11 20 17 17
Marks in Physics 30 35 21 33 33 26 22 31 33 36
Ans. 0.71
28 Find the correlation coefficient of the following given data:
X 1 3 6 10 12
y 5 13 25 41 49

30 Calculate the correlation co-efficient for the following heights (in inches) of fathers(X) and their
sons(Y).
X : 65 66 67 67 68 69 70 72
 Y : 67 68 65 68 72 72 69 71
Ans. 0.603
31 Find the relationship between years of schooling of farmers and the annual yield per acre.
No. of years of schooling of farmers: 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Annual yield per acre in ’000 (Rs): 4 4 6 10 10 8 7
Ans. 0.644
32 Calculate the correlation coefficient for,
Price index (X): 120 150 190 220 230
Money supply in Rs crores (Y): 1800 2000 2500 2700 3000
Ans. 0.98
33 Calculate the correlation coefficient between X and Y and comment on their relationship:
X: –3 –2 –1 1 2 3
Y: 9 4 1 1 4 9
Ans. 0
34 Calculate the correlation coefficient between X and Y and comment on their relationship
X: 1 3 4 5 7 8
Y: 2 6 8 10 14 16
Ans. 1
35 The relationship of a woman’s shoe size and length of a woman’s foot, in inches, is given in the
following table is…
Women’s shoe size 5 6 7 8
Foot length(inches) 9.00 9.25 9.50 9.75
Ans. 1
36 In the following data, X represents the number of years of formal education and Y represents
the salary in thousand dollars of a random sample
X 13 17 9 18 16 18 13 16
Y 21.6 25.8 15.9 48.3 38.2 56.4 28.4 43.3
37 Calculate the correlation coefficient between X and Y
X 1 2 3 4 5
Y 2 2 2 2 2
38 Calculate the correlation coefficient between X and Y
X -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Y 9 4 1 0 1 4 9
Ans. 0
39 Find the means of variables X and Y and also find the coefficient of correlation from the
following two equations of regression: 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 26; 8𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 10
40 Find the correlation coefficient between x and y, when the lines of regression are :
2𝑥 − 9𝑦 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 1 = 0.
41 The following regression equations were obtained from a correlation table:
𝑦 = 0.516𝑥 + 33.73 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 0.512𝑦 + 32.52
(i) Find the correlation coefficient r, (ii) Find the mean of x, (iii) find mean of y.
42 Find the regression line y on x for the following data. Estimate the value of y, when x = 10.
X: 1 3 4 6 8 9 11 14
Y: 1 2 4 4 5 7 8 9
43 In a study between the amount of rainfall and the quantity of air pollution removed the
following data were collected. Find the regression line y on x.
 X (rain) :4.3 4.5 5.9 5.6 6.1 5.2 3.8 2.1
Y (pollution removed): 12.6 12.1 11.6 11.8 11.4 11.8 13.2 14.1
44 The following data regarding the heights (𝑦) and the weights(𝑥) of 100 college students are
given 𝛴𝑥 = 15000, 𝛴 𝑥 = 2272500, 𝛴𝑦 = 6800, 𝛴𝑦 = 463025, 𝛴𝑥𝑦 = 1022250. Find
correlation coefficient r. Also state the equation of regression of height on weight.
45 Find the best-fit values of a and b so that 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 fits the data given in the table.
X:0 1 2 3 4
Y : 1 1.8 3.3 4.5 6.3
46 Fit a straight line to the given data regarding x as the independent variable.
X: 1 2 3 4 5 6
Y: 1200 900 600 200 110 50
47 Find the least square polynomial approximation of degree two to the data.
X: 0 1 2 3 4
Y: -4 -1 4 11 20
48 Fit a second degree curve of regression of y on x to the following data:
X: 1 2 3 4
Y: 6 11 18 27
49 Find the least squares fit of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑎 𝑥 to the following data
X: -1 0 1 2
Y:2 5 3 0
50 Find the curve of best fit of the type 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑒 to the following data by the method of least
squares:
X: 1 5 7 9 12
Y: 10 15 12 15 21
51 For the data given below, find the equation to the best fitting exponential curve of
the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑒 .
X: 1 2 3 4 5 6
Y:1.6 4.5 13.8 40.2 125 300
52 Fit an exponential curve of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 to the following data:
X: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Y:1.0 1.2 1.8 2.5 3.6 4.7 6.6 9.1
53 Fit a curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 to the following data:
X: 2 3 4 5 6
Y: 144 172.8 207.4 248.8 298.5
54 A survey of 1000 people shows that 600 of them like coffee, 400 like tea, and 200 like both. If a
person is chosen at random, what is the probability that they like coffee given that they like
tea?

55 A college has 3,000 students. Of these students, 2,000 are male and 1,000 are female. 1,500 of
the male students are enrolled in the science program, while 500 of the female students are
enrolled in the science program. If a student is selected at random from the college, what is the
probability that they are enrolled in the science program given that they are female?

56 A store sells two types of bread: whole wheat and white bread. The whole wheat bread
accounts for 60% of the store's bread sales, while the white bread accounts for 40%. It is
known that 5% of the whole wheat bread sold is stale, while 3% of the white bread sold is stale.
If a customer purchases a loaf of bread at random, what is the probability that it is stale, given
 that it is whole wheat?

57 A company produces two types of products, A and B. 60% of the products produced are type A,
and 40% are type B. 5% of the type A products are defective, while 10% of the type B products
are defective. If a product is chosen at random, what is the probability that it is type A given
that it is not defective?

58 A factory produces two types of widgets: type 1 and type 2. The probability that a type 1
widget is defective is 0.1, while the probability that a type 2 widget is defective is 0.2. It is
known that 60% of the widgets produced are type 1. If a widget is selected at random and
found to be defective, what is the probability that it is type 1?

59 A doctor knows that 2% of women at age forty who participate in routine mammography tests
have breast cancer. If a woman has breast cancer, the probability that she will have a positive
mammography is 90%. If a woman does not have breast cancer, the probability that she will
have a positive mammography is 9%. What is the probability that a woman who has a positive
mammography has breast cancer?

60 A company produces two types of computer chips, A and B. The probability of a type A chip
being defective is 0.05, and the probability of a type B chip being defective is 0.02. 80% of the
chips produced are type A, while 20% are type B. If a defective chip is selected at random, what
is the probability that it is type A?

61 A school offers two classes for physics, one in the morning and one in the afternoon. 60% of
students take the morning class, while 40% take the afternoon class. In the morning class, 30%
of students get an A, while in the afternoon class, 40% of students get an A. If a student gets an
A in physics, what is the probability that they took the morning class?

62 A machine produces two types of parts, P1 and P2. 60% of the parts produced are P1, and 40%
are P2. 5% of the P1 parts and 2% of the P2 parts are defective. If a defective part is selected at
random, what is the probability that it is a P1 part?

63 A factory produces two types of light bulbs, L1 and L2. 60% of the light bulbs produced are L1,
and 40% are L2. The probability that an L1 bulb will last more than a year is 0.9, while the
probability that an L2 bulb will last more than a year is 0.7. If a bulb is selected at random and
found to have lasted more than a year, what is the probability that it is an L1 bulb?

64 A coin is tossed three times. Let X be the number of tails observed. Find the probability
distribution of X.

65 A bag contains 10 balls, of which 6 are red and 4 are green. Two balls are drawn at random
from the bag without replacement. Let X be the number of red balls drawn. Find the probability
distribution of X.

66 A student is taking a multiple-choice quiz consisting of 10 questions. Each question has 4

possible answers, of which only one is correct. The student has no idea of the correct answer to
any question and decides to guess on every question. Let X be the number of correct answers.
 Find the probability distribution of X.

67 Let X be a continuous random variable with probability density function f(x) = 2x, for 0 <= x <=
1. Find P(0.25 <= X <= 0.75).

68 Let X be a continuous random variable with probability density function f(x) = 3x^2, for 0 <= x
<= 1. Find P(X > 0.5).

69 Let X be a continuous random variable with probability density function f(x) = 2e^(-2x), for x >
0. Find P(X > 1)

70 An urn contains 10 balls, numbered 1 through 10. One ball is drawn at random from the urn.
Let X be the number on the ball drawn. Find the probability mass function of X.

71 A professor gives a multiple-choice quiz with 5 questions, each having 4 possible answers. If a
student guesses on each question, what is the probability that the student gets exactly 2
correct answers?

72 A factory produces light bulbs, each with a lifespan of either 5, 6, or 7 years, with equal
probability. Let X be the lifespan of a randomly selected light bulb. Find the probability mass
function of X.

73 A lottery has 1000 tickets, numbered 1 through 1000. One ticket is drawn at random. Let X be
the number on the ticket drawn. Find the probability mass function of X.

74 A company produces light bulbs, and the probability that a bulb is defective is 0.05. If a box
contains 20 bulbs, what is the probability that there are exactly 2 defective bulbs in the box?

75 A student is taking a multiple-choice quiz consisting of 10 questions. Each question has 4

possible answers, of which only one is correct. The student has no idea of the correct answer to
any question and decides to guess on every question. Let X be the number of correct answers.
Find the probability mass function of X.

76 A factory produces steel rods, and the probability that a rod is defective is 0.02. If a shipment
contains 1000 rods, what is the probability that there are at least 20 defective rods in the
shipment?

77 A basketball player has a 70% chance of making any given free throw. If the player takes 10 free
throws, what is the probability that he makes exactly 7 of them?

78 In a large city, the average number of car accidents per day is 5. What is the probability of
observing exactly 3 car accidents in a day?

79 A factory produces electronic components, and the average number of defective components
per hour is 3. What is the probability of producing at least 5 defective components in a 2-hour
period?

80 A rare disease has an incidence rate of 1 case per 10,000 people per year. What is the
probability of observing 2 cases of the disease in a population of 50,000 people over a 2-year
 period?

81 The time between two successive customers at a coffee shop follows an exponential
distribution with a mean of 4 minutes. What is the probability that the time between two
successive customers is less than 3 minutes?

82 The time it takes for a computer technician to fix a computer problem follows an exponential
distribution with a mean of 30 minutes. What is the probability that it takes less than 20
minutes to fix a computer problem?

83 The inter-arrival time of cars at a busy intersection follows an exponential distribution with a
mean of 10 seconds. What is the probability that the time between two successive cars is
between 5 and 15 seconds?

84 The time it takes for a student to complete a multiple-choice test follows an exponential
distribution with a mean of 60 minutes. What is the probability that a student takes more than
90 minutes to complete the test?

85 The heights of a group of people are normally distributed with a mean of 68 inches and a
standard deviation of 3 inches. What percentage of the group is between 62 inches and 74
inches tall?

86 The monthly salaries of employees in a company are normally distributed with a mean of
$4,000 and a standard deviation of $500. What percentage of the employees earn more than
$4,500 per month?

87 The diameters of a certain type of ball bearings are normally distributed with a mean of 2 cm
and a standard deviation of 0.05 cm. What is the probability that a randomly selected ball
bearing has a diameter of at least 1.95 cm?

88 What percentage of the area under the standard normal distribution curve is between z = -1
and z = 1?

89 What is the value of the standard normal distribution function at z = 2?

90 The scores on a standardized test are normally distributed with a mean of 500 and a standard
deviation of 100. What percentage of the test-takers scored above 600?

91 The weights of apples in a shipment are normally distributed with a mean of 200 grams and a
standard deviation of 20 grams. What is the probability that a randomly selected apple weighs
between 180 grams and 220 grams?