1.

Inflation a general rise in the prices of services ‫تضخم‬

and goods in a particular country,
resulting in a fall in the value of
money; the rate at which this
happens.
2. Hyperinflation a situation in which prices rise very ‫تضخم جامح‬
fast, causing damage to a country’s
economy.
3. Deflation a reduction in the amount of money ‫امتصاص التضخم‬/‫انكماش‬
in a country’s economy so that prices
fall or remain the same.
4. Alimony the money that a court orders )‫الزوج‬/‫نفقة(نفقة الزوجة‬
somebody to pay regularly to their
former wife, husband or partner
when the marriage or civil union&
civil partnership is ended.
5. Arrears(Debts) money that somebody owes that they ‫متأخرات‬
have not paid at the right time.
‫يدين به‬
6. EMU Economic and Monetary Union (of the ‫االتحاد االقتصادي والنقدي‬
European Union). It states the ‫األوروبي‬
economic and fiscal policies in the
EU.
‫وهو ينص على السياسات االقتصادية والمالية في‬
.‫االتحاد األوروبي‬
Fiscal/financial / monetary.
7. Equilibrium a state of balance, especially ‫توازن‬
between different forces or
influences.
8. Expansionism the belief in and process of increasing ‫التوسعية‬
the size and importance of
something, especially in a country or
a business.
9. Bubble economy A bubble economy occurs when the ‫اقتصاد الفقاعات‬/‫اقتصاد خادع‬
prices of assets (e.g., real estate or
equities) rise to speculative levels
that cannot be supported over the
long term by the revenues from those
assets, yet in the near term these high
and rapidly rising values give a sense
of euphoria (which may lead in turn
to more speculation).
Speculative ‫مضاربة‬
Euphoria ‫النشوة‬
10. deregulation the process of making a trade, ‫رفع الضوابط‬
business activity, etc. free from rules
 and controls
11. Asset-stripping the practice of buying a company ‫مضاربة‬/‫تجريد من األصول‬
that is in financial difficulties at a low ‫بـاألصول‬
price and then selling everything that
it owns in order to make a profit.
12. Fintech(Financial computer programs and other ‫التكنولوجيا المالية‬
technology) technology used to provide banking
and financial services.
13. Folding money money in the form of notes, not ‫عمالت ورقية‬
coins.
14. Futures goods or shares that are bought at ‫عقد آجل‬
agreed prices but that will be
delivered and paid for at a later time.
‫أسعار متفق عليها‬
15. Gig economy an economic system in which many ‫اقتصاد العربة‬
short periods of work are available
rather than permanent jobs.
16. Automatic Teller a cash machine (= a machine in or ‫آلة صرف األموال‬
Machine (ATM) outside a bank, shop, etc., from
which you can get money from your
bank account using a special plastic
card).
17. Laissez-faire the policy of allowing private ‫اقتصاد حر‬
businesses to develop without
government control.
18. Leverage the relationship between the amount ‫ نسبة‬/‫أثر األرباع‬/‫أثر المرابعة‬
of money that a company owes and ‫االستدانة‬
the value of its shares.

19. Liquidity the state of owning things of value ‫سيولة‬

that can easily be exchanged for
cash.
20. Micropayment a very small payment that you make ‫دفعة متناهية الصغر‬
online, for example each time you
use a particular page or service on
the internet.
21. Lump sum an amount of money that is paid at ‫مبلغ إجمالي‬
one time and not on separate
occasions.
22. Plateau a time of little or no change after a ‫استقرار‬
period of growth or progress.
23. Oligopoly a market in which there are only a ‫احتكار القلة‬
few companies producing or selling a
product or service. This can result in
less competition and higher prices for
customers.
24. Duopoly a situation in which only two ‫احتكار ثنائي‬
companies or organizations do all the
trade in a particular product or
service
25. Monopoly the complete control of trade in ‫احتكار‬
particular goods or the supply of a
particular service; a type of goods or
a service that is controlled in this
way.
26. Payday loan A payday loan is a type of short-term ‫اقتراض قصير االجل‬
borrowing. A payday loan is a loan for
a relatively small sum of money at a
very high interest rate.
27. The NASDAQ National Association of Securities ‫الرابطة الوطنية لألسعار المؤتمتة‬
Dealers Automated Quotations_ a ‫للمتاجرين باألوراق المالية‬
computer system in the US that
supplies the current price of shares to
the people who sell them.
28. Bureau de change an office at a hotel, in an airport, etc., ‫مكتب صرافة مصغر‬
where you can exchange money from
one country for that from another.
29. Top-up a payment that you make to increase ‫التمويل التكميلي‬
the amount of money, etc. to the
level that is needed.
30. Overheads regular costs that you have when you ‫تكاليف غير‬/‫تكاليف عامة‬
are running a business or an ‫نفقات إدارية‬/‫مباشرة‬
organization, such as rent, electricity,
wages, etc.
31. Buoyancy a situation in which prices, business ‫ارتفاع جامح‬
activity, etc. tend to increase or stay
at a high level, usually showing
financial success.
32. Calendar It is used by investors to monitor ‫مفكرة اقتصادية‬
market-moving events.
33. Base Currency The first currency appears in a ‫عملة األساس‬
currency-pair quotation.
34. Counter Currency The latter currency appears in a ‫عملة المقابل‬
currency-pair quotation.
35. Japanese Candlesticks Technical analysis tool that is used to ‫الشمعة اليابانية‬
by traders analyze the price
movement of securities.
36. Bulls An investor who buys shares because ‫مشترون‬
they believe the market is going to
rise.
37. Bears An investor who sells because they ‫بائعون‬
believe the market is going to turn
 negative.
38. Bounce A strategy focuses on buying a specific ‫ارتداد‬
security once the price of the asset
falls towards an important level of
support.
39. leverage Borrowed funds to increase one’s ‫رافعة مالية‬
trading position beyond the cash they
have.
40. Hedge Funds A transaction implemented to protect ‫صناديق تحوط‬
an existing position from an unwanted
move.
41. Fundamental Analysis Looking at the forex market by ‫تحليي أساسي‬
analyzing the economic, social and
political situations that may affect
market.
42. Technical Analysis The study of historical price action in ‫تحليل فني‬
order to expect the situation in the
future.
43. Ask The price of a forex trader that they ‫سعر الطلب‬
are willing to buy a currency pair at.
44. Bid The price of a forex trader that they ‫سعر البيع‬
are willing to sell a currency pair for.
45. majors The four most heavily traded currency ‫أزواج رئيسة‬
pairs; EUR/USD, USD/JPY, GBP/USD
and USD/CHF.
46. crosses A currency pair transaction that does ‫أزواج تقاطعية‬
not involve the USD.
47. Demo Account A type of account that is presented by ‫حساب تجريبي‬
trade platforms, which is funded by
fake money, in order to make
beginners to get involved in the
market.
48. Interbank Rate The interest rate charged when a bank ‫السعر بين المصارف‬
conduct transaction with banks in
other nations.
49. Slippage Occurs When a trade order is filled at ‫انزالق العمالت‬
a price that is different to the
requested price.
50. Speculator When a trader buys a currency when ‫مضارب‬
it’s low and sells it when rise.
51. Spread The difference between the bid and ‫الفروقات‬
ask price of a currency pair.
52. Volatility The measure of how drastically a ‫تلقب السوق‬
market is changing.
53. Yield One of the ways by which investments ‫العائد‬
can earn a trader money.
54. Liner rate The amount of money paid as a tariff ‫أجرة الشحن بالباخرة‬
 in order to transfer a product by a
ship.
55. Gross pay The companies’ total sales income ‫إجمالي المرتبات‬
after deducting all costs and rates.
56. PIP Percentage per point represents a tiny ‫النقطة‬
measure of the change in a currency
pair in the market.
57. Assets and liability Assets are the values of ownership ‫أصول وخصوم‬
that can be converted into cash.
Whereas liability means the debts and
rates that are represented on the
balance sheet.
58. Strike price the price fixed by the seller of a ‫سعر التنفيذ‬
security after receiving bids in a
tender offer.
59. margin The amount of money that a trader ‫الهامش‬
needs to put forward in order to
maintain the position.
60. Damages Monetary award to be paid to a ‫تعويضات‬
claimant as compensation for loss or
injury.
61. Above Par The price of bond when it is trading ‫فوق السعر األساسي‬
above its face value.
62. accruals Revenues earned or expenses ‫مستحقات‬
incurred which impact a company’s
net income on the income statement.
63. structure of Balance The balance sheet is separated with ‫هيكل الميزانية العمومية‬
Sheet assets on one side and liabilities on
the other.
64. Social insurance Mandatory insurance provided by the ‫التأمين االجتماعي‬
government to improve social welfare
by preventing the losses created by
market failures such as moral hazard
or adverse selection.
65. Adverse selection A type of market failure in which ‫االختيار السالب‬
those people with the highest risk are
the most likely to buy insurance.
66. Subsidy A payment by a government to a firm ‫دعم مالي‬
or household that provides or
consume a commodity.
67. Capital deepening In economic-growth theory, an ‫تعميق رأس المال‬
increase in the capital-labor ratio
68. Capital gains The rise in value of a capital asset ‫مكاسب راس المال‬
69. Balance of international A statement showing all of a nation's ‫ميزانية المدفوعات الدولية‬
payments transactions with the rest of the world
for a given period.
70. Balance of trade The part of a nation's balance of ‫ميزان تجاري‬
 payments that deals with merchandise
(or visible) imports or exports,
including such items as foodstuffs,
capital goods, and automobiles.
71. Balance sheet A statement of a firm's financial ‫ميزانية عمومية‬
position as of a given date, listing
assets in one column and liabilities
plus net worth in the other.
72. schedule A schedule showing the planned or ّ
‫المخطط‬
desired levels of aggregate demand
for each level of GDP, or the graph on
which this schedule is depicted.
73. Arrears Money that somebody owes that they ‫متأخرات‬
have not paid at the right time.

74. Deadweight loss
75. Debit
76. Deficit spending.
77. Deflating
78. Econometrics
79. Economic good
80. Economic growth.
The loss in real income or consumer ‫خسارة فادحة‬
and producer surplus that arises
because of monopoly, tariffs and
quotas, taxes, or other distortions.
An accounting term signifying an ‫حساب الخسائر أو المكاسب‬
increase in assets or decrease in
liabilities.
When spending exceeds revenue over ‫االنفاق على المديونية‬/‫إنفاق العجز‬
a period of time.
A decrease in the general price level ‫االنكماش‬
of goods and services.
The branch of economics that uses the ‫االقتصاد القياسي‬
methods of statistics to measure and
estimate quantitative economic
relationships
A product or service which can ‫بضاعة‬
command a price when sold
An increase in the total output of a ‫نمو اقتصادي‬
nation over time. Economic growth is
usually measured as the annual rate of
increase in a nation's' real GDP.

81. Gender Action Plan Adopted by the Conference of the Parties to ‫خطة العمل للمسائل‬
(GAP) support gender-responsive implementation of ‫الجنسانية‬
the UNCCD 2018−2030 Strategic Framework to
strengthen the implementation of the advocacy
policy framework on gender.

82. roadmap is a strategic planning technique that places a ‫خارطة الطريق‬

project's goals and major deliverables (tasks,
milestones) on a timeline, all grouped in a single
 visual representation or a graphic. You should
always remember that a roadmap planner differs
from a regular project plan in that it doesn't
contain all the details of a project; instead, it's a
high level, easy-to-understand, strategic tool.

83. Physical education Physical education provides life skills ‫التربية البدنية‬
that encourage students to be active
and fit for life. It has a positive impact
on students’ physical, mental, and
emotional health.
84. Inequities 1. lack of equity; injustice; unfairness ‫مظالم‬
2. an unjust or unfair act, sentence, etc.

85. Inequality difference in size, degree, circumstances, etc.; ‫عدم المساواة‬

lack of equality.

86. pregnant containing a developing embryo, fetus, or ‫حامل‬

unborn offspring within the body

87. adolescent Teenage pregnancy is defined as a teenage girl, ‫حمل المراهقات‬

pregnancy usually within the ages of 13-19, becoming
pregnant. The term in everyday speech usually
88. (teenage
refers to girls who have not reached legal
pregnancy)
adulthood, which varies across the world, who
become pregnant.

89. Antenatal care Prenatal care, also known as antenatal care, is a ‫الرعاية السابقة‬
type of preventive healthcare. It is provided in /‫الرعاية قبل الوالدة‬/‫للوالدة‬
the form of medical checkups, consisting of ‫رعاية الحوامل‬
recommendations on managing a healthy
lifestyle and the provision of medical
information such as maternal physiological
changes in pregnancy, biological changes, and
prenatal nutrition including prenatal vitamins,
which prevents potential health problems
throughout the course of the pregnancy and
promotes the mother and child's health alike.

90. unborn children Fetus/ embryo ‫ مُضغة‬/‫الجنين‬

the developing young in the uterus, specifically
the unborn offspring in the postembryonic
period, which in humans is from the third month
after fertilization until birth.
91. preventive health Includes such things as regular exercise, proper ‫رعاية صحية وقائية‬
nutrition, weight control, avoidance of smoking
 care and drug abuse, moderation of alcohol use and
the control of medical conditions such as high
blood pressure.

92. early pregnancy Pregnancy at less than 20 years of age. ‫حمل مبكر‬

93. childbirth injury Complications, such as obstetric fistula, resulting )‫إصابة والدة(إصابة توليدية‬
in physical damage that occur to women while
giving birth.

94. vaccination The administration of a vaccine to an organism ‫تلقيح‬/‫تحصين‬/ ‫تطعيم‬

or population so as to induce immunity to an
95. (immunization)
antigen.

96. Natality the ratio of the number of births to the size of ‫مولودية‬/‫خصوبة‬/‫خصب‬
the population; birth rate.

97. UNICEF (United a United Nations agency responsible for ‫مؤسسة األمم المتحدة لرعاية‬
Nations providing humanitarian and developmental aid ‫الطفولة‬
International to children worldwide. The agency is among the
‫اليونيسيف‬
Children's most widespread and recognizable social welfare
Emergency Fund) organizations in the world, with a presence in
192 countries and territories.

98. tetanus An acute, often fatal disease characterized by ‫الكزاز‬

spasmodic contraction of voluntary muscles,
especially those of the neck and jaw, and caused
by the toxin of the bacillus Clostridium titani,
which typically infects the body through a deep
wound.

99. HIV(The human It weakens a person’s immune system by ‫فيروس نقص المناعة‬
immunodeficiency destroying important cells that fight disease and ‫البشرية‬
viruses) infection.
‫فيروس العوز المناعي‬
‫البشري‬

100. supplementation the addition of an extra element or amount to ‫مكمالت‬

something.

101. Malnultration Malnutrition is a condition that results from ‫سوء التغذية‬

nutrient deficiency or overconsumption.

102. Diet diversity is defined as "the diversity of plants, animals and ‫التنوع الغذائي‬
other organisms used for food, covering the
genetic resources within species, between
species and provided by ecosystems.

103. Underprivileged/ not enjoying the same standard of living or rights ‫المحرومين‬
Deprived
 as the majority of people in a society.
synonyms needy, deprived, in need, in want, in
distress, disadvantaged, needful, poor, destitute,
in reduced circumstances, in straitened
circumstances, impoverished, poverty-stricken,
penurious, indigent, as poor as a church mouse,
unable to keep the wolf from the door, on the
breadline, without two pennies/brass farthings
to rub together, on one's uppers, on one's beam-
ends, pauperized, beggared, necessitous
104. Polio Polio, or poliomyelitis, is a disabling and life- ‫شلل األطفال‬
threatening disease caused by the poliovirus.

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 Idioms

)‫ يا راجل (يستسخف شيئ‬that's ridiculous; that's i. Give me a break

outrageous
)‫ تسابق الزمن(مزنوق‬a short period when there's ii. crunch time
high pressure to achieve a
result
)‫ انا هحلب الل (هنتج منها كتير‬ to produce rapidly or in a iii. (to) crank out
‫ ينتج بكميات كبيرة وسريعة‬routine manner

)‫منها فائدة (ايدك منه والقبر‬/‫مفيش منه‬ an activity or process that is iv. Dead loss
not at all effective or
successful.
A person who is not successful
or useful

‫ غالى جداا‬pay, earn, charge, etc. a lot of v. top dollar

money
 ‫ مفلس‬To go bankrupt vi. go belly- up
‫ الطبع يغلب التطبع‬Life experience play a better vii. Nature is stronger
role in one’s life than inherited than nurture
traditions.
‫ دارهم ما دمت بدارهم‬It’s advisable to follow the viii. At Rome do as the
conventions of the area that Romans do
you are living in.
‫ دونه خرط القتاد‬Extremely difficult to do ix. Like pulling teeth
‫ ال يفتى ومالك في المدينة‬It expresses a pointless action x. Bringing coal to
Newcastle
‫ أعد ما قلته‬Is used to tell someone to xi. Come again?
repeat something again
‫ قيد اإلعداد‬Has already planned or begun xii. In the pipeline
‫ اتخمد‬Go to bed xiii. Hit the sack_
informal
‫حسود‬/‫ عينة صفراء‬desiring another's advantages xiv. Green envy
or things
‫ يخلب اللب‬very enthusiastic; very excited xv. gung-ho
(about something)
‫متفوق علي‬/‫ يطاول فالن‬far superior to xvi. Head and shoulders
above
‫ أصاب كبد الحقيقة‬to be right xvii. Hit the nail on the
head
‫على وشك الوقوع في خطر‬/‫علي شعرة‬ to be in a dangerous position; to xviii. to be on the thin ice
be temporarily on somebody's
bad side
‫ ارتعدت فرائسه‬to tremble with fear; to be xix. shake in one's shoes
afraid
‫ لوال اختالف األذواق لبارت السلع‬it's impossible to explain xx. there's no
individual likes and dislikes accounting for taste

xxi. A bit much too much to be )informal( ‫كده كتير‬

.acceptable; unreasonable
xxii. I lose my temper To become angered, enraged, ‫زعالن‬/ ‫انا متعصب‬/ ‫انا جبت أخرى‬
or upset due to some
provocation; to have an
outburst upon losing one's
.patience
‫تذمر‬
‫غضب‬
‫استفزاز‬
‫فورة‬

xxiii. Giving( someone) the To dismiss one from one's job; ‫ يرفد‬/‫يطرد‬
ax .to fire one
 xxiv. All men are mortal .All people will die ‫كل من عليها فان‬

xxv. Scum of the earth The worst people on the ‫حثالة المجتمع‬
.earth
xxvi. Constant dripping Primarily used to mean that ‫طول البال يهدم الجبال‬
wears away the stone persistence will achieve a
.difficult or unlikely objective
xxvii. Paddle your own to act independently and ‫ما حك جلدك اال ظفرك فتول انت جميع‬
canoe decide your own fate. ‫امرك‬
xxviii.
xxix.
xxx.
xxxi.
xxxii.
xxxiii.
xxxiv.
xxxv.
xxxvi.
xxxvii.
xxxviii.
xxxix.
xl.
xli.
xlii.
xliii.
xliv.
xlv.
xlvi.
xlvii.
xlviii.
xlix.
l.
li.
lii.
liii.
liv.
lv.
lvi.
lvii.
lviii.
lix.
lx.
lxi.
lxii.
lxiii.
lxiv.
 lxv.
lxvi.
lxvii.