30/10/2022, 14:51 Microwave Engineering - E-Plane Tee

Microwave Engineering - E-Plane Tee

An E-Plane Tee junction is formed by attaching a simple waveguide to the broader dimension of a
rectangular waveguide, which already has two ports. The arms of rectangular waveguides make
two ports called collinear ports i.e., Port1 and Port2, while the new one, Port3 is called as Side
arm or E-arm. T his E-plane Tee is also called as Series Tee.

As the axis of the side arm is parallel to the electric field, this junction is called E-Plane Tee
junction. This is also called as Voltage or Series junction. The ports 1 and 2 are 180° out of
phase with each other. The cross-sectional details of E-plane tee can be understood by the
following figure.

The following figure shows the connection made by the sidearm to the bi-directional waveguide to
form the parallel port.

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30/10/2022, 14:51 Microwave Engineering - E-Plane Tee

Properties of E-Plane Tee

The properties of E-Plane Tee can be defined by its [S]3x3 matrix.

It is a 3×3 matrix as there are 3 possible inputs and 3 possible outputs.

S11
⎡ S12 S13 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
[S] = ⎢ S21 S22 S23 ⎥ ........ Equation 1
⎣ S S32 S33 ⎦
31

Scattering coefficients S13 and S23 are out of phase by 180° with an input at port 3.

S23 = −S13 ........ Equation 2

The port is perfectly matched to the junction.

S33 = 0 ........ Equation 3

From the symmetric property,

Sij = Sji

S12 = S21 S23 = S32 S13 = S31 ........ Equation 4

Considering equations 3 & 4, the [S] matrix can be written as,

S11
⎡ S12 S13 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
[S] = ⎢ S12 S22 −S13 ⎥
........ Equation 5
⎣ S
13 −S13 0 ⎦

We can say that we have four unknowns, considering the symmetry property.

From the Unitary property

[S][S]∗ = [I]

∗
S11 ∗
S12 ∗
S13
⎡ S11 S12 S13 ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
1
⎡ 0 0⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
∗
S12 ∗
S22 ∗
−S13 = ⎢0
S
⎢ 12
S22 −S13 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ 1 0⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣ S −S13 0 ⎦ ∗
S13 ∗
−S13 0 ⎣0 0 1⎦
13 ⎣ ⎦

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30/10/2022, 14:51 Microwave Engineering - E-Plane Tee

Multiplying we get,

NotingRasrowandCascolumn

∗ + S S∗ + S S∗ = 1
R1 C1 : S11 S11 12 12 13 13

| S11 |2 + |S11 |2 + |S11 |2 = 1 ........ Equation 6

R2 C2 : |S12 |2 + |S22 |2 + |S13 |2 = 1 ......... Equation 7

R3 C3 : |S13 |2 + |S13 |2 = 1 ......... Equation 8

∗ − S S∗ = 1
R3 C1 : S13 S11 ......... Equation 9
13 12

Equating the equations 6 & 7, we get

S11 = S22 ......... Equation 10

From Equation 8,

2|S13 |2 or S13 = 1
2
......... Equation 11
√

From Equation 9,

∗ − S∗
S13 (S11 12 )

Or S11 = S12 = S22 ......... Equation 12

Using the equations 10, 11, and 12 in the equation 6,

we get,

| S11 |2 + |S11 |2 + 1
2
=1

2|S11 |2 = 1
2

1
Or S11 = 2
......... Equation 13

Substituting the values from the above equations in [S] matrix,

We get,

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30/10/2022, 14:51 Microwave Engineering - E-Plane Tee

⎡ 1 1 1 ⎤
⎢
2 2 √2 ⎥
1 1
[S] =
⎢
2 2
− 1 ⎥
⎢ √2 ⎥
⎢ 1 1 ⎥
⎣
− 0 ⎦
√2 √2

We know that [b] = [S][a]

⎡ 1 1 1 ⎤
⎡ b1 ⎤ ⎢
2 2 √2 a1 ⎤
⎥ ⎡
⎢ ⎥ 1 1 ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
b 2 =
⎢
2 2
− 1 a
⎥ ⎢ 2 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ √2

⎣b ⎦ ⎢ ⎥
3
⎣
1
− 1
0 ⎦ ⎣ a3 ⎦
√2 √2

This is the scattering matrix for E-Plane Tee, which explains its scattering properties.

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