Extended Abstract Group No:

________
CHEMERGENCE-2022
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nirma University
Date, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

FUEL CELL AND GREEN HYDROGEN

Dhruvi Rathore, Yatharth Agrawal, Dr.Shibu Pillai
Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, 21bch015@nirmauni.ac.in

Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, 21bch002@nirmauni.ac.in

Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, shibu.pillai@nirmauni.ac.in

Keywords: Up to maximum 5-8 keywords written in 10 font size of Times New Roman.
1. Introduction and downward directions,respectively, the inlet and outlet
of the gas and ethanol water solution and all are 5.5 mm
GREEN HYDROGEN long.
Green Hydrogen is emerging as one of the best options to 2.2 Method
store energy with renewables from hydrogen based fuels
potentially transporting energy from renewables over long
distances, from abundant regions to regions 1000km away.
Green Hydrogen is produced by renewable energy to power
Electrolysis of water.Green Hydrogen has a scope in many
industries such as Transportation, Heating, Natural Gas
Industry and Green Ammonia Production.
FUELCELL
Fuel cells work on the principle of electrochemistry.It is a
factory that transforms chemical energy to electrical energy
through a pair of redox reactions.Fuel cells require a
continuous supply of fuel and oxygen to sustain the
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of ethanol reforming and
chemical reaction and thus produce continuous energy.
hydrogen production by micro plasma
2. Production of Green Hydrogen from Bioethanol
2.2.1 Preparation of ethanol
2.1 Materials
During the preparation stage, the ethanol aqueous solution
This process includes ethanol aqueous solution sampling, is prepared according to the experimental requirements.
flow control, the mixture of carrier gas and ethanol aqueous The volume flow of ethanol aqueous solution is controlled
solution, the product gas flow, the gas cooling, and the by a peristaltic pump.
collection of condensed liquid.The reaction device for the
2.2.2 Production of various gases
plasma the ends of the reactor are connected with the
electrodes of the alternating current power supply. The Under the carrier gas, the liquid enters the micro plasma
material of the outerwall of the reactor is made of quartz reactor and performs the reforming reaction. In the
glass. The reactor is 66 mm in length and 7 mm in discharge process, a large number of plasma and many
diameter. Two electrodes in the reactor are 29.5 mm long, other active substances (high energy electrons, free
3.1 mm in diameter, 4.2 mm in electrode spacing, and 160 radicals, and excited molecules) react with ethanol aqueous
mm3 in micro-plasma reaction region. The reaction devices solution and generating many kinds of products (H2, CO,
are, respectively, provided with two gas ducts with upward C2H4, C2H6, C2H2, CO2, and CH4).
1
Extended Abstract
________
CHEMERGENCE-2022
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nirma University
Date, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of microplasma reactor
2.2.3 Analysis of the products
The cooled liquid is collected, and the remaining gas is
passed through the condenser pipe into the GC–MS to carry
out the analysis of the gas composition.Also,ethanol
conversion rate, gas product selectivity, and hydrogen
production energy consumption are evaluated.
3. Results and Discussion
In a micro plasma reactor, according to the different water
content in the ethanol solution, ethanol molecules and
water molecules can react as follows:
C2H5OH + H2O ↔ 2CO + 4H2 (1) C2H5OH + 3H2O ↔
2CO + 6H2 (2)
In the process of using argon as the carrier gas, hydrogen is
produced mainly by the steam reaction of ethanol and water
solution. From the two reactions mentioned above,
H2 is produced from ethanol and water, and the number of
moles of H2 that can be produced determined by the equa-
tion. In the experiments of ethanol reforming by micro
2
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plasma with air as the carrier gas, the following reactions
can occur between ethanol and oxygen:
Partial oxidation:
C2H5OH + 1∕2O2 → 2CO + 3H2 (3)
Complete oxidation:
C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O (4)
The reaction formulas show that by controlling the molar
ratio of oxygen and ethanol flow, the ratio of different
prod- ucts can be achieved, thus increasing the yield of
hydro- gen. The oxidation reactions (4) is an exothermic
reaction, while the reaction (1), (2) and (3) are endothermic
reactions. Therefore, considering the heat balance, the
following etha- nol steam reforming reaction can be
obtained by combining these reactions:
C2H5OH + 1.8H2O + 0.6O2 → 2CO2 + 3.9H2 (5)
However, in the experiment with air as the carrier gas,
plasma can cause multiple ionization, excitation, and disso-
ciation reactions. Ionization energy of oxygen and water is
12.5 eV and 12.8 eV, respectively, while nitrogen
ionization energy is 15.6 eV, so in the experiment with air
as the carrier gas, water and oxygen are more prone to
occur ionization, produce electron and occur reforming
reaction of ethanol. During the experiment process, the
concentration of nitrogen oxides is very low (10 ~ 20 ppm),
which is negligible.
4. Conclusion
An effective solution to the global energy crisis is the com-
bination of plasma hydrogen production and fuel cells. In
the hydrogen production system, plasma has high energy
density, high temperature characteristics, high yield, low
cost of operation, so plasma is considered as a good substi-
tute for hydrogen production, while the efficiency of mass
and heat conduction of micro reactor is high. Therefore, the
combination can effectively use renewable energy for
hydrogen production.
Extended Abstract Group No:
________
CHEMERGENCE-2022
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nirma University
Date, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

When the reforming products have higher hydrogen yield

and lower CO concentration, ethanol steam reforming
hydrogen production will be applied in the fuel cell field. In
addition, it is suitable for remote areas where the power
supply is difficult, which is a potential commercial market.
3. Du, C.M., Mo, J.M., and Li, H.X. 2015. Renewable
hydrogen pro- duction by alcohols reforming using
plasma and plasma-catalytic technologies: challenges
and opportunities. Chemical Review 115 (3): 1503–
1542.

References

(Reference to a Journal Publication)

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production from pro- pane using gliding arc
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Science 23 (23): 1017–1023.

2. Rafiq, M.H., and Hustad, J.E. 2011. Biosyngas

production by autothermal reforming of waste cooking
oil with propane using a plasma-assisted gliding arc
reactor. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 36
(14): 8221–8233.