Technology as a revealing way

What is the strongest contender of SCIENCE throughout the history?

RELIGION

Example: paganism

society

-culture

-language

-rights

-way of life- change

HUMAN CONDITION IN THE COMMON ERA

Humans were content with their relationship with nature.

Extinction

-the dying out of a species

-plays an important role in the evolution of life because it opens up opportunities for new species to emerg
e

- six mass extinctions

Cambrian Explosion

- also called the Biological Big Bang - Many complex animals fell brought by these

changes:

a. environment - oxygen levels, ozone formation. snowball earth

b. development - Hox genes

c. ecological - predation
pace of evolution

Six Mass Extinctions

1. Ordovician-Silurian Extinction

- 444 million years ago

- second largest mass extinction

-wiped out as much as 85% of all animal species on earth

-extinction was caused by changes in ocean chemistry: metals on the ocean floor

-dissolve when seawater oxygen drops due to an influx of nutrients or other causes

2. Devonian Extinction

-383-359 million years ago

- also known as the Age of Fishes

- wiped out most of sea creatures

- extinction was caused by volcanism or asteroids

3. Permian-Triassic Extinction - 252 million years ago

- also known as the Great Dying

-largest mass extinction

- wiped out 90% of earth’s species

- extinction was caused by volcanism

4. Triassic-Jurassic Extinction

-201 million years ago

- wiped out 80% of land and marine species

-extinction was caused by earth warming

5. Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction

-66 million years ago

- wiped out 76% of all species

-extinction was caused by asteroid

6. Anthropocene Extinction

-also known as Holocene Extinction

-current time

-man-made extinction

-- extinction will be caused by human activities

TECHNOLOGY AS A REVEALING WAY

Martin Heidegger stated that:

Technology is a human activity that we excel in as a result of achieving science

Technology can be perceived as:

means to achieve man’s end

human activity

TECHNOLOGY AS A POEISIS

Poeisis

the activity in which a person brings something into being that did not exist before

Modern technology challenges nature and demands of its resources that are forcibly extracted for human
consumption and storage

Example:

mining
QUESTIONING AS THE PIETY OF THOUGHTS

Piety

Obedience and submission

Thinking brings forth insights that the mind has not yet fully understood or developed.

There is so much wealth of insights that can be gathered when people stop, think, and question

QUESTIONING AS THE PIETY OF THOUGHTS

Piety

Obedience and submission

Thinking brings forth insights that the mind has not yet fully understood or developed.

There is so much wealth of insights that can be gathered when people stop, think, and question

Example:

science literacy

TECHNOLOGY AS ENFRAMING

Enframing

Like nature is put in a box or in a frame so that it can be better understood and controlled according to pe
ople’s

desire

"calculative thinking" - one orders and puts a system of

nature so it can be understood better

***meditative thinking" - one lets nature reveal itself to the person without forcing it

Example: Scientific Method

SWALLOWED BY TECHNOLOGY

Human takes part in the revealing of nature, limits must

still be recognized.

"But where danger is, grows the saving power also."

-Horderlin

The essence of technology is not found in the instrumentality and function of machines constructed but in
the significance such technology unfolds

PROGRESS AND DEVELOPMENT

Indicators:

1. Mortality Rate

- lesser women and children die during birth

- medical care for premature infants

2. Average Lifespan

-less likely to die in treatable diseases prolong lives by discovering different remedies

-faster distribution of medicines

3. Literacy Rate

-more access to education

- more public information created

4. Gross Domestic Product

Topic 3: The Good Life

Plato

-Things in this world are not real

-Two aspects of reality: world of forms and world of matter

-Change is a process and a phenomenon that happens in the world that is constant

Aristotle

-This world is the only reality we can all access.

-Change is a process that is inherent in things.

Theoretical Science

Example: biology, physics, logic

aim is TRUTH

Practical Science

Example: politics and

aim is GOOD

INTRODUCTION

One must find the truth about what the good is before one can even try to locate that which is good.

Goal of life: HAPPINESS (Aristotle)

Happiness is be all and end all of everything that we do.

GOAL OF A GOOD LIFE:

HAPPINESS

The Greatest Happiness Principle by John Stuart Mill stated that

actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness for the greatest number of people and w
rong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness

"When an action benefits the greatest number of people, the said action is deemed ETHICAL"

GOAL OF A GOOD LIFE: HAPPINESS

Schools of Thought:

1. Materialism

- atomists

- first materialists in Ancient Greeks Democritus and Leucippus believed that the world is made up of and
controlled by tiny indivisible units in the world called atomos or seeds.

- Matter is what makes us attain happiness.

2. Hedonism

- Hedonists believe that the end goal of life is pleasure.

- Life is about obtaining and indulging in pleasure because life is limited.

-"Eat, drink and be merry for tomorrow we die."

3. Stoicism

- led by Epicurus

- Stoics believe that happiness can only be attained by a careful practice of apathy (apatheia "indifferent")
.

4. Theism
-Theists believe that the ultimate basis of happiness is the communion with God.

- People base their life goals on beliefs that hinged on form of supernatural reality called the heaven.

5. Humanism

- Humanists believe that the freedom of man to carve his own destiny and to legislate his own laws.

-Most scientists are humanists who thought that the world is place for unearthing the world in seeking way
s on how to improve the lives of humans.