VIBRATION SPECTRUM interpretation CHART

Dominant Frequencies (
Highest or 2nd Highest
among the full spectrum )
Primary Plane-ALL MEASUREMENT IN RADIAL DIRECTION (
Probable Reason Remark Sample FFT Spectrum courtsey - www.Vibrationschool.com
PERPENDICULAR TO ROTOR AXIS ) ONLY

MECHANICAL PROBLEM : IN IMBALANCE

HARMONICS
1X = Cycle per minute With a classic Sine wave
Radial : Highest amplitude
function
Unbalance
horizontal : Lower amplitude
Axial : No amplitude

If 1X Radial : Lower amplitude

Shaft bent

Radial : Lower/No amplitude

Soft foot horizontal : Highest amplitude
Axial : Lower/No amplitude
MISALIGNMENT

a) Axial vibration amplitude : 1/2 highest radial vibration amplitude

Misalignment - Angular b) Axial spectrum : 2X / 3X amplitude = 1/3 of 1X amplitude or

c) Axial spectrum : 2X / 3X amplitude = grater than 1X amplitude

If 1X, 2X a) Radial spectrum : 2X peak is highest
Misalignment - Parallel b) Axial spectrum : Peaks in axial spectrum are very small compared to
peaks in radial/horizontal spectrum

Misalignment - Bearing Similar to Angular misalignment

SLEEVE BEARING LOOSENESS

1X, 2X, 3X, 4X, 5X, 6X, 7X, 8X, 9X

Mechanical Looseness Mechanical looseness
etc.

GEAR MESH RELATED ISSUES

GMF Gear Box tooth broken Radial : small amplitude GMF = Gear mesh frequency

Fn, 1GMF Gear tooth wear Excitation at natural frequency with sideband of 1XRPM of bad gear

2GMF = Small amplitude

1GMF with high sideband Gear eccentricity and backlash
1GMF & 3GMF = High amplitude

GMF with sideband

1GMF, 2GMF, 3GMF Gear Misalignment 1GMF = Small amplitude
2GMF, 3GMF = High amplitude

RELATED TO IMPELLER VANE PASS FREQUENCY

VPF = Vane passing frequency VPF may cause a

1VPF Vane passing frequency Dominant peak at no of vanes X RPM
noise

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP CAVITATION

Higher Frequency Domain Mound Pump cavitation Board band of frequencies appear between 20,000 to 120,000 CPM

NON HARMONICS JOURNAL BEARING - OIL WHIRL AND WHIP

0.4X Bearing cage defect Sub synchronous range without sideband

2.87X Bearing ball spin defect Nonsynchronous amplitude vibration

Bearing ball passing frequency of outer

4.99X Nonsynchronous amplitude vibration
race

Bearing ball passing frequency of inner

7.01X Nonsynchronous amplitude vibration
race

AC ELECTRICAL MOTOR- STATOR – ROTOR BAR PROBLEMS

ELECTRICAL MOTOR PROBLEM

1X, 2X, 3X RPM with Fp side band Rotor problem Damange lamination, broken winding

XRBPF with 2XFL Loose rotor bars XRBPF with 2XFL sideband RBPF = Rotor bar pass freq.

2 X FL with side bend Rotor ecentricity Side bend freq. of PPF PPF = Pole passing freq.

ALL MEASUREMENT IN RADIAL DIRECTION ( PERPENDICULAR TO ROTOR AXIS ) ONLY For Handbook on Field Vibration analysis contact Sumisol

VIBRATION RULE PACK, Rev. 00