Coal Mining

Introduction
By :
Richard Rayner Mulyadi
Introductory

Speakers Profile
Richard Rayner Mulyadi, ST
Bachelor degree in Engineering (Mining) Trisakti University
Mine Strategic Estimation & Cost Control Supervisor
PT. Adaro Indonesia
Management Trainee Alumnee
5+ years experience in coal mine strategic planning & cost control

richard.mulyadi@gmail.com

0878 8585 8014

richardmulyadi

Richard Rayner Mulyadi

 Content
Agenda
Style 1 Coal mining Introduction

2 Coal Mining Business Process

3 Mining Insight & Career Prospect

Coal Mining Introduction
Coal Mining Introduction
Let’s take a stroll

Grasberg Gold Mine at PT Freeport Coal Transhipment at South Borneo Haul Dumptruck at Coal Mine

Hauling Road at Coal Mine Underground Mine at PT Freeport Indonesia Waste water Management at Coal Mine
Fact about Indonesia is a “mineral and coal richest country”

Rank #5 in the world Rank #6 in the world

Rank #8 in the world

Fact about Indonesia is a “mineral and coal richest country”

Rank #6 in the world Rank #8 in the world

Rank #2 in the world

Fact about Coal Mining is a sexy killers

Coal Mining at a glance

Is it true that coal mining is a sexy killers?

1. Domestic coal Production of Indonesia in 2022 was 687

million tonnes.
2. Domestic coal utilization of Indonesia in 2022 was 166 million
tonnes.
3. Almost 144 million tonnes coal in Indonesia was used for
electricity in 2022.
4. Renewable energy can cost less than coal. But for now,
renewable energy still need more research and development
cost to increase their efficiency rate.
5. If coal mining in Indonesia were shut down, there will be
more than 300.000 unemployment. Besides, 50% of
electricity in Indonesia will encounter power outage because
of electricity crisis since coal contribute more than 33.000
MW source for steam power plant.
6. Society will always think that mining is not environmentally
friendly without knowing that more than 30% of credits in
mining engineering undergraduate courses required the
students to learn about environment impact of mining.
Coal Definition

Coal is a sedimentary deposit composed predominantly of carbon that is

readily combustible. Coal is black or brownish-black, and has a composition
that (including inherent moisture) consists of more than 50 percent by
weight and more than 70 percent by volume of carbonaceous material. It is
formed from plant fossils remains that have been compacted, hardened,
chemically altered, and metamorphosed by heat and pressure over geologic
time.

source : US Geological Survey

Specific parameter need to be noticed:

Calorivic Value, Ash Content, Total Sulphure, Volatile Matter, Fixed Carbon,
HGI
Coal Genesis

Coal Rank based on their calorific value :

1. Peat (<2600 kcal / kg)

2. Brown Coal (2600 - 3000 kcal / kg)
3. Lignite (3000 - 4000 kcal / kg)
4. Sub Bituminous (4000 - 5800 kcal / kg)
5. Bituminous (5800 - 7000 kcal / kg)
6. Anthracite (>7000 kcal / kg)
source : Coal Marketing International
 Coal Mining
Business Process
Coal Mining Process

https://www.beraucoalenergy.co.id/
Coal Transport and Shipping Process

https://www.beraucoalenergy.co.id/
Coal Quality & Quantity Assurance (CV)

Specific parameter need to be noticed:

Calorivic Value, Total Moisture, Ash Content, Total Sulphure,
Volatile Matter, Fixed Carbon, HGI

Example :
Calorivic Value (depends on coal brand) in kcal / kg:
4000
4200
4700 Usage for steam boiler in coal fired steam power plant
4900
5000

High Calorivic Value

6000-8000 : Usage for blast furnace and steelmaking
Coal Quality & Quantity Assurance (TM)
Specific parameter need to be noticed:
Calorivic Value, Total Moisture, Ash Content, Total
Sulphure, Volatile Matter, Fixed Carbon, HGI

Example :
Moisture Content in percentage (%) :
Usually 5 - 15%

Moisture content is an important parameter in coal

analysis. It is needed for determining the calorific
(heating) value and handling properties of a coal.

Moisture absorbs heat, so high moisture content in coal

reduces the relative efficiency of heating when a coal is
combusted. This is why low-rank, high-moisture coals
have lower calorific values.
Coal Quality & Quantity Assurance (% Ash)

Specific parameter need to be noticed:

Calorivic Value, Total Moisture, Ash Content, Total
Sulphure, Volatile Matter, Fixed Carbon, HGI

Example :
Ash Content in percentage (%) :
Usually 5 - 30%

Coal ash is the waste that is left after coal is

combusted. It includes fly ash (fine powdery
particles that are carried up the smoke stack and
captured by pollution control devices) as well as
coarser materials that fall to the bottom of the
furnace
Coal Quality & Quantity Assurance (VM)

Specific parameter need to be noticed:

Calorivic Value, Ash Content, Total Sulphure, Volatile
Matter, Fixed Carbon, HGI

Volatile matter is essentially a measure of the

nonwater gases formed from a coal sample during
heated at 950 degree Celsius.

Volatile matter is directly related to coal rank. As

rank increases, volatile matter content decreases.
Volatile matter has the opposite trend of fixed
carbon with rank.
Coal Quality & Quantity Assurance (Fixed Carbon)

Specific parameter need to be noticed:

Calorivic Value, Ash Content, Total Sulphure, Volatile
Matter, Fixed Carbon, HGI

Fixed carbon is a measure of the amount of non-

volatile carbon remaining in a coal sample.

Fixed carbon has the opposite trend of volatile

matter with increasing rank because increases in the
amount of volatile matter driven off of coal increase
the relative amount of carbon.
Quality Control & Assurance Process

https://www.beraucoalenergy.co.id/

Drillhole Sampling Inpit Channel Sampling : Coal Sizing :

CV, TM, Ash, HGI CV, TM, Ash, HGI Manual by heavy equipment
Quality Control & Assurance Process

ROM Sampling
Coal Blending

Coal Sizing (mesh)

Independent Coal Quality Testing

Magnetic Separator
Witness Metal Test
Mechanical Testing
Fine Coal Manual Handpicking
Termometer Infrared Testing
Coal Blending

https://www.beraucoalenergy.co.id/
Draught Survey
Mining Insight &
Career Prospect
 Featured Courses and Subjects related to Chemical Engineering

Exploration Technique & Management

An introduction course about geological and geophysical exploration technique, deposit characteristics,
#1
resource modeling, acid mine drainage modelling and resource calculation

#2
Drill & Blast
Introduction course about drill and blast technique in open pit and
underground, explosives types, blasting design, and economical
modelling related to drill and blast

Mine Geotechnics
Introduction course about physical characteristics of soil, landslide,
safety factor of slope and slope design

#3
Featured Courses and Subjects related to Chemical Engineering

Waste Water Management

Introduction course about waste water management, water balance, acid mine
drainage management, and settling pond management.

#4
#5
Tunnel & Ventilation System
Introduction course about tunneling, ventilation design, zero oxygen balance
principle, oxygen needs calculation

Coal Quality Analysis & Control

Introduction course about coal quality analysis, proximate and ultimate #6
analysis, testing methods for inherent moisture, volatile matter, ash content
and calorivic value
Featured Courses and Subjects related to Chemical Engineering

Reclamation & Mining Environment

Introduction course about mining environment, reclamation, waste water
management and plantation after mine closure

#7
Coal Processing Technology
Introduction course about coal utilization, coal processing, coal technology,
coal processing added value

#8
Metallurgy in Coal Mining
Introduction course about metallurgical coal, its characteristics and utilization

#9
Mining Stereotype
Facts Myth
Indeed, pay more attention about safety and
01 environtmental regulations

Received Take Home Pay include site allowance,

02 roster allowance, housing facility and annual bonus

Working roster majority contain 8 weeks on site

03 and 2 weeks dayoff

04 Can be true or not

05 90 % male employee
Career Path in Mining Industry

MINING OWNER Division Head /

General Manager
Department Head
/ Manager
Section Head /
Assistant
Manager
Supervisor /
University Graduate Senior Engineer
Foreman / Junior
Engineer Project Manager
Operator / Admin Department Head
Helper / Crew
Section Head /
Superintendent
Unit Head /
Senior Engineer
Group Leader / University Graduate
Junior Engineer
Operator / Admin
Helper / Crew
MINING CONTRACTOR
Department in Coal Mining Industry

Geology & Modelling Geotechnical & Hydrogeology Mine Planning & Mine Design

Mine Production Drill & Blast Waste Water Management

Department in Coal Mining Industry

Civil & Road Cons. Environment & Reclamation Coal Transhipment

Coal Laboratory & QAQC Health & Safety External Relations & CSR
Career Prospect
3 Biggest Coal Mine in Indonesia 3 Biggest Gold Mine in Indonesia 3 Biggest Nickel Mine in Indonesia
Career Prospect
Mining Contractors Drill & Blast Contractors Consultant & Others
Thank You

Any Question?
richard.mulyadi@gmail.com

0878 8585 8014

richardmulyadi

Richard Rayner Mulyadi