(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In)

Everyone is travelling in an aeroplane (background of plane

by editing).

GURNEET
It is so good travelling in a plane
for the first time!

SAISREE
Yes! But wait- what are those yellow
masks?

VAIBHAV
Oh. Those are poison masks to make
you poisoned and kill you.

KARAN
Oh! NO MUMMY! HELP ME! I DONT WANT TO
DIEEEEEE!

ASHUTOSH
Hahaha! Nice one Vaibhav!

SHREYA
Come on Vaibhav, don't tease your
siblings!

ARADHYA
No Karan, they will not kill you, and
Vaibhav, and Ashutosh, I will deal
with you when we get home!

ASHUTOSH
NO! MUMMY HELP PAPA IS GOING TO KILL
MEEEEEEEEE!

ARADHYA
Silence!

ASHUTOSH
Bww! (he keeps a finger on his lips)

Everyone takes a seat.

GURNEET
It is going to take off! Oh god my
heart is beating so fast! Why is that
so!
(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In) 2.

ARADHYA
Well, because, to pump blood, which
contains oxygen, to all parts of the
body, heart expands, and when it
receives the blood with carbon
dioxide in it, it contracts. And also
it is because you are nervous
gurneet!

GURNEET
Oh!

ASHUTOSH
Hey dad, But why is oxygen required
in our body?

SHREYA
Well, it combines with Glucose, to
make CO2 and releases Energy, in the
process called Oxidation.

SAISREE
Oxen donation? Why will you donate
oxens!?

SHREYA
Not oxen donation! Oxidation!

Jatin falls from his seat due to lack of oxygen.

YASH
Oh my god! Is there a doctor present
here!

SHREYA
Yes! I am! I will use this
stethoscope to measure the
temperature of the patient! The
heartbeat is one contraction and
expansion of the heart combined, with
the sound of lubb-dub!

ASHUTOSH
That is ok mummy, but HELP THE
PATIENT NOW!

SHREYA
OKOK!
(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In) 3.

She takes a stethoscope and measures and points the

measuring beacon at the camera.

SHREYA (cont'd)
Heartbeat is normal, so he is passed
out because of lack of oxygen. This
happens because the energy is not
being produced in his body by aerobic
respiration, in which glucose is
completely oxidised and converted
into Co2 and Water! He is respiring
anaerobically in the cells, in which
glucose is not completely oxidised
and converted to Lactic acid and Co2!
Give him the oxygen mask!

SAISREE
Oh god! You saved his life mummy!

ARADHYA
Good work.

GURNEET
Hey papa! How does air get in our
body?

ASHUTOSH
May I explain?

ARADHYA
Yeah Go on. And also, remember what
will happen if you try to scare her
again!

ASHUTOSH
(scared)
OK OK! Dont hit me! Ok, so the air
enters through the nose, into the
nasal cavity. Hey everyone, look at
the airplane screen! So, the nasal
cavity has hair and mucus, which
traps all the dust particles and
germs from air, and pure filtered
air, goes into the Pharynx, which has
epiglottis, which stops the food from
going into the wind pipe, or trachea,
which is adjacent to oesophagus, the
place food is supposed to go!

GURNEET
So, if food enters wind pipe we
choke!
(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In) 4.

ASHUTOSH
Yup! Then trachea, has larynx, the
voicebox. Then the trachea branches
out in to the Bronchi, which allows
air to enter into the lungs. Then
bronchi branch into bronchioles,
which have air like sacks at the end
called alveoli. Here, through
diffusion, carbon dioxide from blood
goes into air, and oxygen from air
goes into the blood! The diaghpragm,
a muscle underneath the lungs, pushes
upwards when we exhale, to drive air
out of lungs and ribs move inward and
downward. In inhalation, diaghpragm
becomes flat and ribs move upward and
outwards.

SAISREE
I am scared of blood...

VAIBHAV
Why? It is just a red substance
containg White blood cells fighting
deseases, Red blood cells containg
Haemoglobin which carry oxygen to
body, plasma, the 95% watery
substance carrying the cells and
platelets, which help in stopping the
bleeding!

SAISREE
Well... because it is red...

SHREYA
Also, we breath 15 - 20 times a
minute!

KARAN
Now, it is time for our flight to
land!

Subtitles show 1 Hour later.

SAISREE
So mom, ah! Vaibhav stop! I will
fall!

VAIBHAV
WOOOO! HAHAHAAHA IT IS SO FUN TO RIDE
ON THE BACK OF A PERSON!
(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In) 5.

SHREYA
WHY ARE YOU RIDING ON THE BACK OF
YOUR SISTER! GET OFF! NOW!
ARADHYA
(With dark background
and red eyes in
editing)
Vaibhav, Get off her back. Now.

VAIBHAV
Aaaaaaaaaaaah! Ok Sir! Hyaaaaaaaaaah!

SHREYA
Ok sai, what were you talking about?

SAISREE
So mom, I wanted to know more about
the functioning of the heart!

ARADHYA
Well we will go to a Hospital museum
tommorow!

GURNEET
What kind of museum is a hospital
museum?

ARADHYA
Well, it is a museum dedicated to the
functioning of our body!

SAISREE
Oh yeah! Oh yeah Oh yeah Oh yeah!
(Does a cringe dance)
Subtitles show 3 days later.

ASHUTOSH
Wow wow wow! Going to museum wow wow
wow!

KARAN
Hey, I have also heard there is game
zone there!

GURNEET
Oh wow!

ARADHYA
(In angry tone) No one will play
games.
(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In) 6.

EVERY CHILD
Ok!

Subtitles show that they reach the museum.

KARAN
Hey, let's go to respiration and
transportation section!

EVERY CHILD
Yes!!!

SHREYA
Ok fine.

SAISREE
Hey... We now know how Humans
respire, but how do plants and other
animals?

KARAN
Hey, look at that screen! Everyone
come here! It says respiration in
insects and plants... should we click
it?

ARADHYA
Click it!

KARAN
Ok!

Camera pans into the screen.

SAISREE
So hello everyone! Respiration is the
process by which we receive energy,
which breaks down into Energy on
combining with glucose in the process
of oxidation. We also know there are
two types of respiration, aerobic and
anaerobic. But, how do Other
organisms respire? Well, some, like
amoeba and paremecium, are
unicellular, meaning they have only 1
cell. So, they diffuse air through
their cell membrane. They diffuse in
o2 and diffuse out co2. While some
animals breathe through their skin by
same process, insects have tiny holes
on the side of their bodies, which
suck in air. Sort of like how our
nostrils function.
(MORE)
(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In) 7.

SAISREE (cont'd)
These spiracles divide into
tracheoles, which transport air to
other parts of the body. Fishes
respire through gills, which filter
the water water out and take in the
air, from where it is diffused in to
the capillaries present in the gills.
Plants respire through stomata, as
you know. Plants also respire through
roots, there they take in the air
presen tin the air pockets,

GURNEET
So informative!

KARAN
Hey there! The Gas Exchange!

ARADHYA
So, the alveli have a lot of
capillaries which contain blood
surrounding them. These capillaries,
take in the oxygen present in the
air, and, diffuse out the carbon
dioxide formed in the process of
respiration, as in both types of
respiration, carbon dioxide is also a
byproduct, but just a one which is
not needed. Also In anaerobic
respiration, when glucose is not
completely oxidised, lactic acid or
alcohol, while in aerobic
respiration, the glucose is
completely oxidised into C02 and
water with energy. Thus, a lesser
amount of energy is released in
anearobic respiration than aerobic.
So, by diffusion, CO2 diffuses out of
blood, and 02 diffuses into blood. To
make the process of diffusion
possible, the walls of the alveoli
are thin.

SAISREE
Woaahhhhhh! I did not know our body
has such complex processes going
inside of us!

SHREYA
Hey, sai, you wanted to know about
the heart?

SAISREE
Yes!
(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In) 8.

SHREYA
So, go to that screen, to know more
about the heart!
KARAN
The heart. Probably the most
important organ along with the brain,
if not even more important. The
heart, along with the blood vessels
and capillaries, where the arteries
and veins, the two types of blood
vessels meet, and blood, make the
Circulatory system. The arteries
carry oxygenated blood from the heart
to the rest of the body, while the
veins carry deoxygenated blood from
the organs to the heart. The arteries
contain oxyhaemoglobin, which
contains oxygen. Also they are
present deep inside the skin. Coming
back to the heart, it has 4 chambers,
the right ventricle, the right
atrium, the left ventricle and the
left atrium. It has the 2 main blood
vessels, Vena Cava, the main vein,
where all the veins from all
throughout the body combine or join,
and Aorta, the main artery where all
the arteries join. Along with it, the
heart has the pulmonary vein, which
transports oxygenated blood from the
lungs to the heart, and pulmonary
artery, which transports deoxygenated
blood from the heart to the lungs.

SHREYA
The upper chambers, known as the
atrium, and the lower chamber know as
the ventricles, along with the left
sides and right sides of the heart
are separated by a wall like
structure called the septum. So, how
the blood is circulated? Lets find
out. The right atrium expands and
gets the deoxygenated, or impure
blood from the body. It then goes
into the right ventricle, by the
right atrium's contraction. The Right
ventricle expands to take in the
blood, and then contracts to push the
blood into the pulmonary artery,
which then takes the blood to the
lungs for it to become pure again, or
oxygenated again.
(MORE)
(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In) 9.

SHREYA (cont'd)
Then the oxygenated bloood from the
lungs goes into the left atrium, when
it relaxes, by the pulmonary vei.
Then the blood goes to left
ventricle, then when the left
ventricle contracts, the blood is
pushed to Aorta, from where the blood
is supplied to rest of the body.

GURNEET
Oh my god. Our body is like a
universe of its own!

ARADHYA
Children, the museum is closing now,
we have to go to home now.

SAISREE
But I want to stay here and learn
more about the human body!

ARADHYA
Straight to the car! Now! (in angry
tone)

SAISREE
AAAAAH! OK! (scared)

SHREYA
Besides, I can tell you more on the
way.

Subtitles show they sit in the car.

ASHUTOSH
So mummy, now tell us more!
VAIBHAV
Ok!

ASHUTOSH
You are not my mummy!

VAIBHAV
I know! But I will tell you this!
Well, excretion is the process of
waste removal from the body. So, to
remove thye wastes from our body, a
group of organs are present, which
are known as the excretory system.
(MORE)
(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In) 10.

VAIBHAV (cont'd)
The kidney has special cells known as
Nephrons which filter the blood for
any wastes, and then remove the
wastes and then sort it out for
excretion. The waste material then
enters the ureters, through which the
wastes go into the urinary bladder,
where the wastes are stored before
they are expelled through the
urethra. Wastes are also expelled
through sweating and egestion, long
with exhalation.

GURNEET
Now, let us talk about excretion in
other animals. Lower animals diffuse
out the blood present in their bodies
into the surrounding environment like
amoeba. Aquatic animals like fish
expel the ammonic wastes from their
bodies through the gills, which
dissolves in water, as the waste is
in gaseous form. These organisms
which expel ammonia are known as
ammonotelic organsims. The oragnisms
which expel the waste in from of uric
acid are known as uricotelic
organsims. While the organisms,
mainly the ones present on land,
excrete urea, and they are known as
ureotelic. If a persons kidneys are
damaged, then the waste is removed
artificially through dialysis. In
plants, transportation is carried out
by two different vessels, known as
xylem and phloem. The xylem carries
nutrients and water form the body to
the leaves and phloem carries food
from the leaves to the rst of the
plant. Here let me show you about
transpiration in plants.

Gurneet shows her phone.

JATIN
Transpiration is the process by which
excess of water present in the plants
is removed through the leaves.
Because of this transpiration, the
water is pulled upwards in the xylem
and not downwards because of gravity.
What happens is that the water is
pulled upwards because of the
continous loss of water from stomata.
(MORE)
(Printed with the demonstration version of Fade In) 11.

JATIN (cont'd)
To continue this process, more water
is needed, so the leaves try to take
in more water. This continous release
of water means more water is
required. Thus, more water is
absorbed. This creates a suction
pull, same as what happens when we
suck a drink through a straw. When
more water is transpired then
absorbed, the plant droops down,
which is called wilting.

GURNEET
Transportation and Respiration are
two very complex processes huh.

SAISREE
Yeah! I think that we have barely
scratched the surface when it comes
to these two processes. We have to
find out more about them!

VAIBHAV
Yeah!

EVERYONE
THANK YOU!