PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Learning Module 02: STRAIN

LEARNING MODULE 02:

STRAIN

MECH 324 – MECHANICS OF

DEFORMABLE BODIES

Prepared by:
AERO FACULTY

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PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Learning Module 02: STRAIN
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Ref. no Page
Deformation 1,2 5
Strain 1,2 5

TIME COMMITMENT FOR THIS MODULE

READING MATERIALS TIME
Deformation 5 mins
Strain 55 mins
ACTIVITY/PLATES
Learning Activity No.3 90 mins
Quiz No. 1 90 mins

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PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Learning Module 02: STRAIN
TABLE OF REFERENCES
References No.
Russell C. Hibbeler, Mechanics of Materials, 10th Edition, Prentice-Hall
1
,2018.
Singer, F. (1987) Strength of Materials (4th ed.) 2

TABLE OF REFERENCES FOR FIGURES

References No.
Russell C. Hibbeler, Mechanics of Materials, 10th Edition, Prentice-Hall
1
,2018.
Singer, F. (1987) Strength of Materials (4th ed.) 2

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 PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Learning Module 02: STRAIN
LEARNING OUTCOMES

Course Learning Outcomes [CLO]

CLO 2. Appreciate the value of Module Learning Outcomes [MLO]

Mechanics of Deformable Bodies as a
foundation to structural analysis thru
numerical calculation and problem-
solving.
CLO 3. Create model of physical
systems by drawing free body diagram.
CLO 4. Demonstrate mastery on
processes and procedures of
computing the stress, strain, torsion,
and shear and moment in beams of a
given figure by solving problems
analytically.
CLO 11. Produce a systematic and
accurate solution for every problem so
that it can be solve in a limited amount
of time.
CLO 12. Develop other important
engineering skills such as problem-
solving, critical thinking, and self-
learning.
MLO 1. Solve problems regarding strain by
relating and gauging the given
forces/quantities
MLO 2. Create a Free body diagram using
the information given before proceeding to
solving process.
Topic Learning Outcomes [TLO]
TLO 1. Apply understanding on
introduction to the basic quantities,
idealizations of mechanics, and the
systems of units (SI and English) by
numerical calculation and
dimensional analysis.
TLO 3. Understand the concept of
deformation by solving problems
TLO 7. Create a model of physical
systems by drawing a complete free body
diagram

HONESTY CLAUSE

As individuals of academic community. Students are expected to understand and

uphold requirements of intellectual and educational integrity. The college assumes as
a simple and minimal preferred of habits in academic matters that students be truthful
and that they publish for deposit solely the merchandise of their efforts.

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PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Learning Module 02: STRAIN

DEFORMATION

Deformation are changes that may be either highly visible or practically unnoticeable
whenever a force is applied to a body, it will tend to change the body’s shape and
size. Deformation of a body can also occur when the temperature of the body is
changed. A typical example is the thermal expansion or contraction of a roof caused
by the weather.

STRAIN

Also known as unit deformation, strain is the ratio of the change in length caused by
the applied force, to the original length.

Normal Strain

If an axial load P is applied to the bar in Figure above, it will change the bar’s length
𝑳𝟎 to a length L. We will define the average normal strain 𝜺 (epsilon) of the bar as
the change in its length 𝜹 = 𝑳 − 𝑳𝟎 divided by its original length, that is

Shear Strain

Deformations not only cause line segments to elongate or contract, but they also
cause them to change direction. If we select two-line segments that are originally
perpendicular to one another, then the change in angle that occurs between them is
referred to as shear strain. This angle is denoted by 𝛾 (gamma) and is always
measured in radians(rad), which are dimensionless.

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PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Learning Module 02: STRAIN
Example No. 1

Determine the average normal strains in the two wires in Figure below if the ring at A
moves to A′.

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PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Learning Module 02: STRAIN

Example No. 2

When force P is applied to the rigid lever arm ABC in Fig. 2–6a, the arm rotates
counterclockwise about pin A through an angle of 0.05°. Determine the normal strain
in wire BD.

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PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Learning Module 02: STRAIN

Example 3

The plate shown in Fig. 2–7a is fixed connected along AB and held in the horizontal
guides at its top and bottom, AD and BC. If its right-side CD is given a uniform
horizontal displacement of 2 mm, determine (a) the average normal strain along the
diagonal AC, and (b) the shear strain at E relative to the x, y axes.

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PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Learning Module 02: STRAIN

LEARNING ACTIVITY NO. 3

Solve the following problem systematically and box the final answer with its
appropriate units. Write the question and the complete solution on the prescribed
format. Submit your scanned work on the provided link on Google Classroom

1. When force P is applied to the rigid arm ABC, point B displaces vertically
downward through a distance of 0.2 mm. Determine the normal strain in wire
CD.

2. If the force P causes the rigid arm ABC to rotate clockwise about pin A
through an angle of 0.02°, determine the normal strain in wires BD and CE.

3. The rectangular plate is deformed into the shape of a parallelogram shown by

the dashed line. Determine the average shear strain at corner A with respect
to the x and y axes.

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PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Learning Module 02: STRAIN

4. The triangular plate is deformed into the shape shown by the dashed line.
Determine the normal strain along edge BC and the average shear strain at
corner A with respect to the x and y axes.

QUIZ No.1
A link for online quiz will be provided by the instructor.

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