NSS Physics

Wave Motion - Chapter 8 Sound

Exercise 8.2 : Wave nature of sound 00
Name: T~-(L-J Class:_ _ ) Date:_ _ _ _ __

Part A Multiple-choice Questions

(For QI - 2)
In the experiment shown below, two loudspeakers are connected to a signal generator.
speaker 1 f
,

,,
,,,
,
speaker 2 y
I. Alternate loud and soft sounds are heard in walking along XY in front of the loudspeakers. What conclusion can
be drawn from this experiment?
(I) Sound is a wave.
(2) The louder sounds are points of constructive interference while the softer sounds are points of destructive
interference.
(3) Similar sounds are heard when we walk along PQ (PQ is the perpendicular bisector of the loudspeakers I
and 2)
0) (I) and (2) only
B. (I) and (3) only
c. (2) and (3) only
D. (I), (2) and (3)

2. If the loud and soft sounds are too close to be heard, what should we do to separate them?
(I) Increase the amplitude ofthe signal.
(2) Increase the frequency of the signal.
(3) Put the two loudspeakers closer.
A·. (2) only
QY
B (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (I), (2) and (3)

3. Someone is playing a violin inside a house. Mary stands behind the window cannot see
the player, but she can still hear the music. Which of the following wave properties is
responsible for the situation?
A. Interference
Refraction
@ Diffraction
D. Interference

4. Why do loudspeaker cones have different sizes?

A. Loudspeaker cones of different sizes have different power output.
(i,! Larger speaker cones produce low-frequency sounds, while smaller ones produce
high-frequency sounds.
C. It is cheaper for manufacture.
D. Loudspeaker cones have different sizes due to different designs.

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5. Which of the foIJowing are the properties of sound?
(I) Interference
(2) Refraction
(3) Diffraction
(4) Reflection
A. (I), (2) and (3) only
B. (I), (2) and (4) only
C. (2), (3) and (3) only
® (I), (2), (3) and (4)

6. When a candle flame is placed in front of a loudspeaker, the flame moves backwards and
forwards. This shows that
A. sound is a transverse wave.
B. sound is an electromagnetic wave.
@ sound is a longitudinal wave.
D. sound is a light ray.

7. Which of the foIJowing is incorrect?

(];) Sound travels at 3 x 10' m s-'.
B. Sound cannot travel through a vacuum.
C. Air particles vibrate along the travelling direction of sound.
D. Sound is a longitudinal wave.

8. Which of the foIJowing is/are related to the change in the speed of sound?
(I) Reflection of sound
(2) Refraction of sound
(3) Diffraction of sound
A. (I) only
® (2)only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (I), (2) and (3)

9. Amy stands in front of a mountain. She shouts aloud and hears her echo after 4 s. If the speed of sound in air is
330 m s-', what is the distance between Amy and the mountain?
A. 175 m
B. 330m
@ 660m
D. 1320 m

10. When a series of sound wave is transmitted from air to water at an angle, its speed increases by 4 times. What are
the changes of the wavelength and the direction of the wave?
Wavelength Direction
A. increases by 4 times bends towards the normal
@ increases by 4 times bends away from the normal
C. decreases by 4 times bends towards the normal
D. decreases by 4 times bends away from the normal

II. A small polystyrene bead is placed in front of a loudspeaker begins to emit sound waves,
what will happen to the bead?
A. It moves away from the loudspeaker.
@ It vibrates to and fro.
C. It vibrates sideways.
D. It does not move.

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12. Two loudspeakers are connected to a signal generator. R is in the midway between the two loudspeakers. Alternate
loud and soft sounds are heard along PQ, and a loud sound heard at S. Which of the following is incorrect?
p
signal
generator

R?-------- s

o
A. When the loudspeakers are put closer together, fewer soft sounds are heard along PQ.
® Alternate loud and soft sounds can also be heard along RS.
C. The loudness ofthe sound at S decreases when one ofthe loudspeakers is disconnected.
D. When the frequency of sound is decreased, fewer soft sounds are heard along PQ.

13. Sound waves travel faster in hot air. When sound waves enter a cold region from a hot region at an angle, which
of the following is correct?
Direction of travel Wave length
A. bend towards nonnal increases
bend away from nonnal increases
0D.
bend towards nonnal
bend away from nonnal
decreases
decreases

14. A boy stands between two cliffs A and B and shouts at t = O. Ifhe hears echoes at t = 0.8 sand t = 1.68 s, what is
the distance between cliffs A and B? Take the speed of sound in air '1 1)1
Ill,..,..;tt
:~~: ~
as 340 m S-l • j

Al \(
~ _ _.~__.___.~_~ "J
A.
G)
D.
286 m
340 m

1. II 2. 13 3. C 4. IS 5. ]) 6. C 7. A 8. f) 9. C 10. f]'

11. IS 12. ~ 13. C 14. C

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Part B Structural Questions
I. A sound wave in air has a frequency of 262 Hz and travels with a speed of 340 m S-I. How far apart are the two
successive compressions in the wave?

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Ii' »/\
_I'I-'M>--_ -------IA----
3't u~ 1/6 J.- /'\..

2. A hiker determines the length of a lake by listening to the echo of her shout reflected by a cliff at the far end ofthe
lake. She hears the echo 1.5 s after shouting. Estimate the length of the lake if the speed of sound in air is 333 m S-I.

Ld J- Iu.. -f4

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3. Joe makes a stretching elastic string vibrate and hears some sounds as a result.
(a) Explain briefly why Joe hears sound when the elastic string vibrates.

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- - _.•._-
Tl- <-(~stic..- v {bra t...5 , it sit'< (~~~-",---=C4m-fI"<.J~

(b) The elastic string completes one vibration in 2 ms.

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/,,'; e.w-~ vtl"-,, -t. s ~
. -I/..
-

S~/J
(i) What is the frequency of the sound produced?

-P-' -t ~ 0 ,~O~ ( f'/I

------
::. )"00 H-v fA
(ii) Ifsound travels at 340 m s I through the air, what is the wavelength ofthe sound?

4. Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air by rapidly flapping their wings, fifteen to eighty
times per second. They are named for the characteristic hum made by their wings, and they are the only birds that
can fly backwards.
(a) What is the frequency range of the humming sound?

-b ~~ -'-117--=-_ _ _ _1A-'--_ __
(b) Find the longest and the shortest wavelengths of the humming sound. (speed of sound ~ 340 m s I)

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/;/\

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(c) Can huma~; h~~~'t~whoiHa~~-;;-i~he humming sound? E~p[;;;;-briefly,

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____ ~~_____ ~:.~ 17k -tv .II "" * . _._ _ _ _ .{Q'-"(~_
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5. It is known that the wavelength and speed of a sound wave in air are 1.33 m and 340 m S-I respectively. When this
sound enters a medium, its wavelength becomes 5,47 m.
(a) Find the speed of sound in the medium.

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~~~_

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V ~ .f 1\,' V ~ 2- ~5 . 6'3 r ( s: '17)
(b) What is the name of this phenomenon?

6. It is difficult to observe the refraction of sound in daily life. Give one reason to explain this.

')iiffrudl~"'" of SiflM'.-vl..._~rvi>l In eJ:_ ~ s. ~ &~ c:r- _~._ ri;t.:ctd>c

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7. The barriers built along highways cannot effectively shield the buildings from noise of low frequency. Explain
briefly.
~
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,

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8. A student is singing a note of frequency 523 Hz inside a room.
(a) Find the wavelength ofthe note. (Speed of sound in air = 340 m S-I)

V, f /\
fA
o
~~-.-".-""-~--------

(b) Ifthe door of the room is about 0.7 m wide, do you think that the diffraction of the sound is prominent?
Explain your answer briefly.

9. A doorway is 1.5 m wide. A boy behind the doorway speaks with an average voice frequency of 500 Hz. Take the
speed of sound waves to be 340 m S-I.
(a) How many times the wavelengths of the sound from the boy is the width ofthe doorway?

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(b) Explain why a girl in the shadow' ofthe doorway on the other side can hear the boy even if there is no
reflection of sound by any surface.

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10. In an experiment of interference of sound, a signal of frequency 1500 Hz is fed into two loudspeakers.
(a) Find the wavelength of the sound. (Speed of sound in air at room temperature ~ 340 m s-')

v~fA
-- ---- --I·tVl--- --/f.f-----
A
(b) How far apart should the two loudspeakers be placed ifthey are to be separated by a distance equal to two
wavelengths?

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" 2(o,b-2-7) ::: o.'(-r'f M ff),
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -----

II. To produce interference a signal of I kHz is fed into two loudspeakers placed 1.0 m apart. Take the speed of
sound in air as 340 m 8- 1,
Ca) How many wavelengths apart are the two loudspeakers?

vo-P/\ 3<{o:!ll uu), /\:::o.'3'f1'Y' 1;0

- - - - -.....-..--. ----..------- I ------....---.. . - - - " - ' - ' - - - - - - - ..---......----.
I
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Cb) What happens to the interference pattern if the loudspeakers are now placed 0.5 m apart?

hs~

_fb; ~____~-,---,-_W_'_'o<.,..---c~f-Y~§F'fr<-tt---'-"-'.,{'-'--'-·_ _-",,0

12. In an experiment on the interference of sound waves, two loudspeakers, 8 1 and S2, are connected to a signal
generator. The signal generator is set at 1.4 kHz. A student walks in loud sound at 0, then a soft sound at P and
another loud sound at Q.
y

r" ,.
;'°T
i~.t._~--
lr[' s,
f41.---- 8 m l - - - - . j X
:r
loudspeaker

Ca) Find the distances of Ci) S,Q and Cii) S,Q.

i) 5, a ~ Jg'" 4- (Z- - 0, J) ~ - \5 II(."., / A

ii2'~ a._~_d~ ;-; 6-- ~ o. yt
v :_t_,_J_S_M_____ .. ___ ~, _ _ __
Cb) Hence find the path difference of Q from the two loudspeakers.

;.-ti.. d)~;; s. Q ~ S, 0 ::: 1, '58- '. jff ~ 0, Z/fz. fA

(c) Find the wavelength of the sound emitted.
rtf.. d.lf~ d a. 0 1- A
/ fA
Cd) Find the speed of sound in air.
f·lf>/Q
3
(0. 1..-'i1--)
-I
M.S /A -f

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II. (a) If the distance between the two loudspeakers LI and L, is 0.4 m, find the wavelength of the sound wave.
-------1

>/.~""K
( / i~~<;\,'·\,
/\; o. Y-/i -
0 J.-- ""
.~--~~~~-~--~~~~.
IA
(b) Find the path difference of PL I and PL, and state that what kind ofinterference occurs at P.

fll-fl
.----_.__.._._-- .. ~ 3'\ -2-'\ ~ LA ; 0.7-,.". fA
._----'-'-'------.•._-----_.

c...u-bu..:-t.ve. IA f.u.f~ Oc.«if-s ..;t '? fA

.-'-'-'---_._--..------_.
(c) Ifa student walked along a straight line HK, what can he hear?

----_._._----------------_. - - - - ..--._-------

12. A group of students want to perform the interference pattern of sound by putting two loudspeakers in front of their
school playground. The signal generator generates frequency of 1500 Hz into the loudspeakers. Students are
requested to stand at a position with minimum sound intensity level.
(a) Why should the experiment performed in the playground instead of school laboratory?

Ii 4"" rrevJ il..- 5~ W'Mrt,J K-fte.dM~____ t~I12

(b)
""eva 0.-"..1.. Ce-i!t~ I" ~ -i. Y"' F:,!ee<-r /A-6r-/J~_e.p..t-&.rv...
What is the wavelength ofthe ound? How far should the two loudspeakers be placed so that they d'an be 2
wavelengths apart. (Speed of sound in air = 340 m S-I)

V' -P>A
.__ .______ /'
3l{o ' P-6~ /\ A" 0·7.-2-7 Y>'1
.1___ - ' - - ' -_ _ _ _' - -_ _ . 1/'1
._---'''---------------

S,,/'htTlNt_ rrf. -two lo,,-.(s~'j : 2--1\ :: 2 (""n?) ~ 0. Iff] 'WI IA

(c) In the middle of two loudspeakers, a line ofloud sound is heard. Can you explain why?

loudspeaker

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/ (j)
...!':" a.-"tin.oU h,;.e.._,......i~ 16v..~JJ iJ deu.L4d ___ . _____ .______
(d) A student walked away from a loud sound in the middle to the first soft sound she can find. She found that
the distances between her and the loudspeakers are 0.5 m and 0.61 m respectively. Do you think that the
experiment agrees with the calculated value in part (b)? Show your calculation to prove it.

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13. A signal generator is connected to J;;
loudspeakers A and B as shown in the diagram.
Given that AC ~ BC and the speed of sound in air is 340 m S-l
p
r.;---- 2 m .----;~,
loudspeaker :
\ ,,
signal
A--------------"X
generator ,,,
o ,
o ,,
'--"--IT I B --------------~, Y
,
,,,
Q
(a) What type of interference occurs at C?

(b) A student moves along PQ. Explain why successive loud and soft sounds are heard.
(j)
__-&__~k~ r ss J/\'TJl-==--'-_"'c.::..(k~.k=-=- ~ IA.r..5 _. __ .... .,L

So -It 5i...M ~ S<tC.W5/Vo( --L!""=,{--'""U",,--"..J'''-!or-Pc-(_ S"~, . _ _ __

(c) As the student moves from C taX, the sound varies from loud to soft. Find the frequency of the sound.

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@
5<,ft s~ So tU..di'".u Ttt---e /A tr-A.··c,,"",,-,- <>(MM'J.

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~._"___ V ~ ..p A , "J lfo ; ' : ( o. If 77- ) ~"7 J-- 0 117- .__.____~_
(d) Explam whether a loud or soft sound is heard at position X if the frequency of the signal generator is
doubled.

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P.S