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IN
Assignment Booklet 8
Arson and Explosives
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Forensic Science 35 (5 Credit)
Assignment Booklet 8
Assessment
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ADLC Assignment Booklet 8 Arson and Explosives
Decide which choice best completes the statement or answers the question. Print the letter
that corresponds to your choice on the blank next to the question.
�������
A 1. What three things must be present to start a fire?
�������
D 2. Which of the following substances is commonly used by arsonists to start
fires?
A. Oxidant
B. Nitrogen
C. Decelerant
D. Accelerant
�������
A 3. Two types of energy produced in a combustion reaction are
�������
C 4. Which of the following identifies the oxygen level in the atmosphere and the
level of oxygen needed to sustain a fire?
�������
C 5. The ignition range is the temperature at which a combustion reaction can
�������
A 6. Which of the following relationships describes a factor that affects the speed
of a combustion reaction?
�������
A 7. Where are the majority of arson fires set?
A. Homes
B. Vehicles
C. Outdoors
D. Businesses
�������
D 8. The majority of arsonists are motivated by
A. profit
B. revenge
C. vandalism
D. excitement
�������
A 9. The type of crime that arsonists tend to try to conceal by setting fires is
A. murder
B. burglary
C. trespassing
D. sexual assault
�������
C 10. The majority of arsons are committed by
1. Production of energy
2. Temperature above which an ignitable liquid will ignite
3. A liquid or solid fuel source that increases the rate of combustion
4. Temperature at which ample amounts of fuel produce flames and high heat
2 1. Match the definitions numbered above with the terms stated below.
2 2. Match the descriptions numbered above with the terms stated below.
Arson Motives
1. Profit
2. Revenge
3. Vandalism
4. Excitement
1 3. The ranking of the arson motives above from most common to least common is
______,
3 ______,
2 ______, 1 and ______.
4
Provide appropriate answers to the following. Explanations are best given in sentences.
3 1. List three ways that an accelerant used by an arsonist may be detected by a fire
investigator.
Three ways accelerants used by an arsonist may be detected by a fire investigator are
by using a sniffer dog trained to detect accelerants, by analyzing debris from the fire for
the presence of accelerants, and by identifying burn patterns that indicate the use of
accelerants.
2 2. a. Provide an example of a liquid fuel and a solid fuel often used by arsonists.
An example of a liquid fuel often used by arsonists is gasoline, and an example of a solid
2 b. Explain why an arsonist would choose each of the fuels you have identified rather
than another fuel.
Arsonists may choose gasoline because it is readily available, easy to ignite and has
a high heat output, and they may choose paper because it is easily accessible, burns
quickly and can be used to start fires.
2 3. Describe two differences between the behaviour of an adult arsonist and the behaviour
of a juvenile arsonist.
Two differences between the behavior of an adult arsonist and a juvenile arsonist are
that adult arsonists are more likely to have a motive for their crime, while juvenile
arsonists are more likely to act impulsively, and adult arsonists are more likely to use
accelerants and cause more damage than juvenile arsonists.
2 4. Describe one motive that is characteristic of young arsonists, and describe how this
behaviour can be stopped.
One motive that is characteristic of young arsonists is curiosity or experimentation, and
this behavior can be stopped by educating young people about the dangers and
consequences of arson, and providing alternative outlets for their curiosity and creativity.
Decide which choice best completes the statement or answers the question. Print the letter
that corresponds to your choice on the blank next to the question.
�������
D 1. Which of the following terms best describes the type of evidence usually
collected in arson cases?
A. Concealed
B. Combustive
C. Conclusive
D. Circumstantial
�������
C 2. To classify a fire, investigators first try to
A. interview eyewitnesses
B. establish the cause of the fire
C. locate the origin of the fire
D. question the owner of the property
�������
A 3. After investigators determine who had access to the arson scene, they will
�������
B 4. Who will fire investigators focus upon first when trying to establish proof of
motive?
A. 911 caller
B. Eyewitnesses
C. Owner of property
D. Relatives of owner
�������
B 5. In which of the following materials or locations does fire tend to burn longest
and thus cause the most damage?
A. Carpet
B. Point of origin
C. Wood floor joists
D. Nonporous floors
�������
A 6. The bottom of a classic V burn pattern represents the location of the
i severe fire damage on a _____
_____ ii surface. The statement above is best
completed by the information in row
Row i ii
A. most vertical
B. most horizontal
C. least vertical
D. least horizontal
�������
D 7. Which of the following observations is evidence that hydrocarbons are used
in an accelerant?
�������
B 8. Which of the following accelerants tends to cause the least physical damage
(superficial scorching)?
A. Diesel
B. Alcohol
C. Gasoline
D. Kerosene
�������
B 9. A device that consists of a series of glass sampling tubes lined with
absorbent material that collects vapours is called a
�������
A 10. Which of the following pairs of technologies and/or techniques is the best
way to identify unknown accelerants in an arson fire?
1 1. The correct sequence of tasks that arson experts follow when investigating a fire scene
include ______,
4 ______,
1 ______,
3 and ______.
2
2 2. Match each description numbered above with its correct burn pattern stated below.
Provide appropriate answers to the following. Explanations are best given in sentences.
3 2. Describe three forms of evidence that indicate that a fire was caused by an arsonist.
Three forms of evidence that indicate a fire was caused by an arsonist include the
presence of accelerants, burn patterns that do not match the expected pattern, and the
presence of multiple points of origin.
“The most common accelerant used in arson fires by far is gasoline because it is easy
to obtain and does not cause any suspicions when being purchased.”
1 3. a. What can fire investigators use to identify gasoline residue at a fire scene?
Fire investigators can use a hydrocarbon detector or a specially trained dog to
identify gasoline residue at a fire scene
1 b. Identify a laboratory method that can confirm that evidence from a fire scene
contains gasoline.
Gasoline can be confirmed as the accelerant through laboratory methods such as
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
2 4. Why are gas chromatography and mass spectrometry often both used when analyzing
unknown evidence from an arson scene?
Gas chromatography separates compounds in a mixture while mass spectrometry can
identify individual compounds based on their mass-to-charge ratio. Using both methods
together can provide a more precise identification of the accelerant used at an arson
scene.
Decide which choice best completes the statement or answers the question. Print the letter
that corresponds to your choice on the blank next to the question.
b
������� 1. What causes the casing of an explosive device to burst and fragment?
b
������� 2. Which of the following characteristics describes a point-detonating fuse?
�������
d 3. Usually, most of the time and effort spent creating an explosive device is
spent on the
A. casing
B. oxidizer
C. fuel source
D. ignition source
�������
b 4. Which of the following substances is an example of a pure explosive
compound?
A. Dynamite
B. Nitroglycerin
C. Flash powder
D. Black powder
�������
A 5. i . To detonate an
To start a fire, substance must be exposed to _____
ii
explosion, substances must be exposed to _____.
Row i ii
A. heat heat or shock
B. heat or shock heat
C. heat sound
D. sound heat
�������
D 6. Which of the following devices is an example of a high explosive?
A. Flare
B. Car bomb
C. Pipe bomb
D. Military warhead
�������
D 7. Which of the following pairs of scientific techniques does an EGIS system
utilize?
�������
D 8. Which of the following technologies or techniques cannot be used to identify
the type of explosive compounds within a bomb?
A. X-ray machines
B. Bomb detection dogs
C. Ion mobility spectrometry
D. Erieye ground interface segment
A
������� 9. Which of the following technologies or techniques is most accurate when
used to identify an explosive compound?
A. EGIS system
B. X-ray machines
C. Ion mobility spectrometry
D. Remote mechanical investigator
�������
D 10. A method that may be used to safely remove and/or detonate an explosive
device is
2 1. Match each description numbered above with the correct term stated below.
1. Requires oxygen
2. Requires detonation
3. Produces heat
4. Produces nitrogen
5. Fuel contains a relatively large amount of energy that is released slowly
6 . Fuel contains a relatively small amount of energy that is released quickly
Provide appropriate answers to the following. Explanations are best given in sentences.
2 1. Describe a fuse, and explain why some explosive devices require one.
A fuse is a length of cord filled with combustible material used to initiate an explosion,
and it is required in some explosive devices to control the timing of the detonation.
2 2. Identify and describe a major disadvantage of using both the X-ray machine and the
metal detector to detect explosives.
A major disadvantage of using both the X-ray machine and the metal detector to detect
explosives is that they can only detect metal components of an explosive device, while
the explosive material itself may not contain any metal.
2 3. Could the EGIS system replace the use of X-ray machines or metal detectors in
airports? Explain.
The EGIS system cannot fully replace the use of X-ray machines or metal detectors in
airports as it is designed to complement, not replace, existing security measures by
detecting traces of explosives on passengers and their belongings.
3 4. Identify three features of the device used to destroy Pan Am Flight 103.
Three features of the device used to destroy Pan Am Flight 103 were a radio-cassette
player packed with plastic explosives, a barometric trigger, and a timer set to activate the d
Decide which choice best completes the statement or answers the question. Print the letter
that corresponds to your choice on the blank next to the question.
�������
A 1. Five firefighters died in the Esperanza Fire trying to save a
�������
D 2. What occurred after Raymond Lee Oyler was arrested?
�������
D 3. Serial arsonists are predictable in that they tend to
�������
D 4. Which of the following types of incendiary devices caused the Old Fire and
the Esperanza Fire?
�������
C 5. Which of the following types of evidence linked Raymond Lee Oyler directly
to two of his arson fires?
A. DNA
B. Footprints
C. Fingerprints
D. Inorganic fibres
�������
D 6. Many children died in the Oklahoma City Bombing because the bomb was
placed
A. near a playground
B. beside a school bus
C. close to a play school
D. under a daycare centre
�������
C 7. The explosive device used in the Oklahoma City Bombing was hidden in a
A. stolen car
B. parcel box
C. rental truck
D. plastic bucket
D
������� 8. Which compound in the bomb created by Timothy McVeigh and
Terry Nichols served as the oxidizing agent?
A. Tovex
B. TNT
C. Nitromethane
D. Ammonium nitrate
�������
C 9. Why was Timothy McVeigh arrested so soon after the bombing?
A. He stole a car.
B. He turned himself in.
C. His car had no licence plate.
D. The rental car agency phoned police.
�������
C 10. If the detonation device devised by Timothy McVeigh failed, he intended to
A. commit suicide
B. turn himself in to police
C. trigger a second time-delay detonator
D. ignite extra explosives with a handgun
1. DNA
2. Fingerprints
3. Testimony from Oyler’s boss
4. Footprints left at two of the arson scenes
5. Testimony from Oyler’s cousin and girlfriend
6. Surveillance video from casino and gas station
7. Eyewitness statement from gas station attendant
8. Videotape of Oyler leaving the scene of one of the fires
2 1. Four pieces of evidence that may help convict Raymond Lee Oyler of arson include
______, ______, ______ and ______.
(Record your four-digit answer in order from the lowest to the highest number.)
1 2. The correct sequence of events in the Oklahoma City Bombing is _______, _______,
_______,_______, and _______.
Provide appropriate answers to the following. Explanations are best given in sentences.
3 1. Describe how Raymond Lee Oyler was able to set the wildfires without being seriously
burned.
Raymond Lee Oyler was able to set the wildfires without being seriously burned by
using remote ignitions and igniting fires on windy days to avoid being near the flames.
2 2. What have some suggested could have prevented the death of the five firefighters in the
Esperanza Fire?
Some suggest that better communication and coordination among firefighters and
law enforcement agencies could have prevented the death of the five firefighters in the
Esperanza Fire.
2 3. Was the bomb used to destroy the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building a high explosive or
low explosive, or did it have traits of both? Explain your choice.
The bomb used to destroy the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was a high explosive,
specifically a mixture of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, which produces a large amount
of energy in a short amount of time.
2 4. Michael Fortier knew about the Oklahoma City Bombing, yet he failed to inform
authorities. Explain why he received a light sentence despite this.
Michael Fortier received a light sentence despite knowing about the Oklahoma City
Bombing and failing to inform authorities because he cooperated with the investigation
and provided valuable information, which helped to convict the perpetrators of the crime.