GAS LEAKAGE DETECTION SYSTEM

A
Project Exhibition-1

Submitted in Partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Submitted to

VIT BHOPAL UNIVERSITY(M.P.)

Submitted by

GOPINATH K
19BEC10003

Under the Supervision of

Prof.Soumitra Keshari

SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL & ENGINEERING

VIT BHOPAL UNIVERSITY
BHOPAL (M.P.)-466114
MAY-2021
 VIT BHOPAL UNIVERSITY BHOPAL (M.P.) 466114
SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGG.

CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Dissertation entitled “Gas Leakage Detection System”
is my own work conducted under the supervision of Prof.Soumitra Keshari,
Asst. Professor, SEEE, VIT University, Bhopal.
I further declare that to the best of my knowledge this report does not contain
any part of work that has been submitted for the award of any degree either in
this university or in other university / Deemed University without proper
citation.

Name of Candidate: GOPINATH K

Registration No.: 19BEC10003

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the
best of my knowledge.

Date: _______________
Guide Name: Prof.Soumitra Keshari
Designation: Asst. Professor, SEEE, VIT BHOPAL UNIVERSITY
 Acknowledgement

First and foremost, I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude
to my guide, Prof.Soumitra Keshari, Asst. Professor, SEEE, VIT Bhopal
University, and our program chair Dr. Ribu Mathew, Asst. Professor, SEEE,
VIT Bhopal University for offering me the opportunity execute this project.
Under their guidance and experience, I learned a lot about the various aspects in
and around the project. They supported whenever needed, even during their
busy schedule. It was indeed a privilege to work under these qualified
visionaries.
I would like the extend my heartfelt thanks to the panel member Dr.
Anirban Bhowmik, Asst. Professor, SEEE, VIT Bhopal University, for his
timely suggestions and ideas to direct us into the right path towards success and
to the completion of the project.
I would like to thank my parents for their continued encouragement and
the positivity they brought for me to work efficiently for this project. I am
overwhelmed and grateful for the support and competition given by my fellow
classmates.
I would like to give credit to my teammates Gopinath.K (19BEC10003),
Chandru T (19BEC10035), Manu Vairagi (19BEC10038), Sparsh Tiwari
(19BEC10029). It is because of their cooperation for the project, stimulation in
the discussions, contribution with each of our ideas and effort, we were able to
bring forth our project to reality.
 Table of Contents
Front Page ii
Candidate’s Declaration iii
Certificate iv
Acknowledgement v
Contents 5

1. INTRODUCTION
2. OBJECTIVE
3. LITERATURE REVIEW
4. PROBLEM FORMULATION AND PROPOSED METHODOLOGY.
5. LST OF COMPONENTS
6. KEY PARTS
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
7. REFERENCES
 INTRODUCTION

Now a days the home safety detection system plays the important role for
the security of people. Since all the people from the home goes to work
on daily bases, it makes impossible to check on the appliances available
at home specially LPG gas cylinder, wired circuits, Etc. Since last three
years there is a tremendous hike in the demands of liquefied petroleum
gas (LPG) and natural gas. To meet this access amount of demand for
energy and replace oil or coal due to their environmental disadvantage,
LPG and natural gas are preferred. These gases are mostly used on large
scale in industry, heating, home appliances and motor fuel. So as to track
this leakage gas, the system includes MQ6 gas sensor. This sensor senses
the amount of leak gas present in the surrounding atmosphere. Through
this, explosion or getting affected by the leakage of gas could be avoided.

OBJECTIVE

The design of a sensor-based automatic gas leakage detector with an alert

and control system has been proposed. This is an affordable, less power
using, lightweight, portable, safe, user friendly, efficient, multi featured
and simple system device for detecting gas. Gas leakage detection will
not only provide us with significance in the health department but it will
also lead to raise our economy, because when gas leaks it not only
contaminates the atmosphere, but also wastage of gases will hurt our
economy. The need for ensuring safety in workplaces is expected to be
the key driving force for the market over the coming years.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

We did a research over the possible sources that we could access. In our
exploration, we did find the authors: Luay Friwan, Khaldon Lweesy, Aya
Bani-Salma and Nour Mani, who presented a paper titled “A Wireless
Home Safety Gas Leakage Detection System” in the year 2011,
November. They proposed to detect gas with the use of a sensor. This gas
sensor senses the changes in gas. Upon detection of a change, it activates
the alarm and sends a signal to the receiver. In addition to it, another
paper titled “Development of multipurpose gas leakage and fire alarm
system” was proposed in the year 2013, by the authors Nivedita S and
Padmavathy A. The ideology of this paper was to give indications of gas
or smoke leakage with the help of LED, gas sensors and relay.
Many Systems similar have been proposed earlier by different authors
and researchers and that has helped us to improve the gas safety issue in
our every day to day lives. But there were no steps taken to prevent the
accident in case of leakage. A lot of people would prefer to go with quote
‘prevention is better than cure’. Our system uses MQ6 gas sensor to
detect inflammable gas leakage and LM35 temperature sensor which will
sense the sudden rise in temperature than above the room temperature.
When gas leakage is detected, our device could inform the user, alert
them, provide solution from suffocation in that area, and ultimately
prevent the leak from further effects. This makes easy for both the
commercial as well as domestic sector to keep track on the problems
faced on daily basis. Hence, we have a cure and a curb to treat gas
leakage.
 PROBLEM FORMULATION

Gas leakage is nothing but the leak of any gaseous molecule

from a stove, or a pipeline, or cylinder etc. This can occur either
purposefully or even unintendedly. As we are aware that these kinds
of leaks are dangerous to our health, and when it becomes explosive it
could cause great danger to the people, home, workplace, industry and
the environment.
Few of the major incidents that took place due to gas leakage
include the Bhopal Disaster and the Vizag Gas leak. The Bhopal
disaster is known to be the worst industrial accident ever.
Approximately 45 tons of Methyl Isocyanate was leaked from this
insecticide plant. Methyl Isocyanate is an organic compound and a
chemical that could come from the carbamate pesticides. This
colorless, poisonous and flammable liquid is something that human
beings have to be away from.
Vizag Gas leak was a resultant of the escape of styrene that were
unattended for a long period. This colorless oily liquid can spread in
fumes. So, a detector must be made in such a way that could detect
any kind of gas, fume, leak, smoke etc. However harmful and
dangerous it can be, the detector could be attached with certain
parameters that could help to prevent the issue.
 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

Our device consists of three main parts.

a) Detection System
This part consists of a gas sensor MQ5 and this will
continuously monitor the gas concentration.
b) Prevention System
This part consists of a special type of Gas valve that we
will be designing that will be similar to present regular
valves but a servo motor will be attached to its control
knob to allow automatic and as well as manual control. A
connection to the exhaust fan and window is made, in
which the sensor would make it run in case of gas
detection. All these parts will be interfaced with Arduino
Uno which will be controlling the whole device.
c) Alerting System
It consists of a GSM modem to send an Alert message to
the user via SMS. Also, we attach a section that would
make call to the user upon detection.
 LIST OF COMPONENTS

S. No Name of the component Quantity

1 Arduino board 1
2 MQ-5 LPG CNG Sensor 1
3 Servo Motor 1
4 Breadboard 1
5 Relay 1
6 GSM Module 1
7 LED display 1
8 Stepper Motor 1
9 LCD Display 1
10 Arduino uno cable 1
11 Jumper wires 1
12 Buzzer 1
 KEY PARTS

a) Arduino
It is a microcontroller developed by Arduino.cc which is
equipped with pins of both analog and digital type. This
board can be encoded using the Arduino IDE software. It
comes in various types, in which here we have used
Arduino Uno. It would receive the signal upon detection of
gas and performs the command to turn the knob off,
opening of the windows and indicating via LED.
b) MQ5 Gas Sensor
The term ‘MQ’ comes from the Chinese word Mingan
meaning sensitive and Qi lai meaning gas.
As the name suggests, it senses the gas, smoke, fume etc.
It detects by allowing the gas to pass through the electrode
having membrane. Then, it creates current flow as the gas
gets oxidised. The current is responsible for determining
the type of gas.
c) Buzzer
This electromechanical device is used for audio signalling.
This can be accessed via timers or alarming or by the
confirmation of the user. Here, the mechanism used is to
alert the user upon the detection of the gas
d) Knob
The automatic knob is considered as the prevention for gas
leakage. After the Arduino board sends the signal to the
software, the command is passed to turn off the knob with
the help of a servo motor.
e) Window
The window automatically opens to avoid suffocation and
to allow outside air to fill the space. The mechanism over
here is similar to the knob, where the command is passed
from the software and it opens upon detection.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 Results

As intended, the MQ5 sensor does detect the gas and lets the
Arduino know. The Arduino board efficiently sends the signal to the
software. As we have programmed in the software, it does run the
program and hence the output is seen as the buzzer sound is heard, the
window opens via the servo motor. Hence, the harmful gas, smoke
and fumes can be distinguished by this detector, alerted to the user,
prevented from danger and achieve an environment-friendly
surrounding.

FUTURE SCOPE

Over the years, we have been marching towards various

developments and advancements. This includes smart houses artificial
intelligence etc. Smart houses can make our in-room living simple as
much as it can. The control of fans and lights is now within our hands.
Wi-Fi and software programming has put forth the initial steps
towards the future to make control over the safety and other
applications in the house. Another innovation that could push it a little
further would be this gas detection sensor. As it ensures safety in our
house from the gaseous hazards. Also, in industries and factories, we
can avoid the disaster and ensure the safety of the workers.
 CONCLUSION

Thus, we would like to conclude that our system mainly focuses on

home and industrial safety. By this, provides us with significance in the
health department. Also, it leads to raise our economy, because when gas
leaks it not only contaminates the atmosphere, but also wastage of gases
will hurt our economy. Moreover, when the workers get affected, the job
in the industry or factory cannot be continued, hence, affecting the
economy. The need for ensuring safety in workplaces is expected to be
the key driving force for the market over the coming years. Therefore,
this detector solely can prevent and ensure safety.

REFERENCES

 Wikipedia
 Britannica Encyclopaedia
 Arduino.cc

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