Austria, Jiever Neil N.

April 11, 2023

BSEE 4-1 (3-3) Asynchronous II

1. What is the difference between Microprocessor and Microcontroller?

There are similarities and differences between microprocessors and microcontrollers

since these both come in the form of integrated circuits (ICs) and have been tools in

different modern electronic equipment such as computers, washing machines, air

conditioners, and other automated gadgets.

A microprocessor is a processing tool that follows a set of rules to turn data into

information. Because it is a tiny electrical chip, it is called a microprocessor. It communicates

with the other connected devices and does Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU) operations. It is a

single integrated circuit that combines a number of functionalities.

On the other hand, a microcontroller is a type of chip designed to control electronic

devices. It is kept on a single integrated circuit that is only used to carry out one specific

operation and run one unique application.

Notable Differences between Microprocessor and Microcontroller

Microprocessor Microcontroller

Consist of only Central Process Unit (CPU) Contains a CPU, Memory, I/O all integrated

into one chip

Used in personal computers Used in embedded systems

Uses an external bus to interfere to RAM, Uses an internal controlling bus

ROM and other peripherals

Based on Von Neumann model Based on Harvard architecture

Complicated and Expensive Inexpensive and straightforward

2. Name the major function of ALU in a microprocessor.

An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a digital circuit that can perform both arithmetic and logic

operations. It refers to the central component of the central processor unit (CPU) of a

computer. ALUs in contemporary computer chips are major areas of strength for very

modern. The present central processors likewise have a control unit notwithstanding ALUs.

ALUs carry out logical and arithmetic operations. The inputs, processes, outputs, and

storage registers are depicted in an ALU diagram.

One transistor and one input logic gate make up the NOT Gate. The opposite of the

input is produced by NOT gates. An input 1 would, for instance, become an output 0.

There are two inputs and multiple transistors in the OR Gate. Only if the first or second

input is a 1, the output is equal to 1. The OR entryway makes a result of 0 provided that the

two information sources are 0.

There are two inputs and multiple transistors in the AND Gate. If both the first and

second inputs are 1, the output is equal to 1.

3. How does ALU affect the performance of a microprocessor?

Using its ALU (Arithmetic/Logic Unit), a microprocessor can perform mathematical

operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Complete drifting point

processors are tracked down in present day chip, considering the execution of extremely

complex procedure on huge drifting point values.

References
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Panigrahi, K. (2022). Turtorials Point. Retrieved from www.tutorialspoint.com:

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