THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Table of Contents
● The provinces and capital cities of the region

● Economic Class

● Brief History

● Major Economic Industries

● Major Entry Points

● Major Destinations

● Festivals, Delicacies, & Costumes

Region 1 - Ilocos Region

✧ A region in the philippines, encompassing the northwestern coast of Luzon. ✧ Land area of
13,012.60 km ( 5,024.19 sq mi)
✧ Ilocos Region occupies the narrow plain mountain between the Cordillera Central mountainrange, and the South China
Sea, and the Northern portion of the Central Luzon plain to theNorth, East of the Zambales Mountains.

Provinces of Ilocos Region and it’s capital cities:

1. Ilocos Norte - Laoag City
2. Ilocos Sur - Vigan City
3. La Union - San Fernando City
4.Pangasinan - Lingayen

Brief History
⮚ In Isabelo de los Reyes ‘ Historia de Ilocos’ (1885), he said that Ilocos name evolved fromthe word “ilog”. The term
ILOCOS means “People In the River” like the tagalog’s “taga-ilog” referred to the early settler’s living along riverbanks.

MAJOR ECONOMIC INDUSTRIES

⮚ Economy in the region is anchored both on agriculture and agro-industrial sectors. It’s provinces are famous for agro-
industrial businesses such as milkfish (bangus) cultivationand processing, livestock raising, fish paste (bagoong)
processing, among others. Economy
The province specializes in the following products and industries:
⮚ Agriculture - rice, corn, garlic, legumes, root crops, tobacco, and other fruits and vegetables ⮚ Ilocos Norte is a top
producer of garlic in the country, with an annual average productionof 6,000 metric tons covering 1,876 hectares.
⮚ Fishery - tilapia and assorted fishes

⮚ Livestock - swine and cattle

⮚ Cottage industries - loom weaving, furniture, ceramics, iron works ⮚ Manufacturing and food processing - salt,
empanada, bagoong, patis, basi (native Ilocanowine), vinegar, longganisa, chicharon, bagnet, chichacorn (cornick),
jewelry, garments, cereal processing, packaging, mechanized processing equipment.
⮚ Wind Power - Ilocos Norte's position on the northwest corner of Luzon makes it ideal for wind power generation.
There is currently a 25 Megawatt wind farm in Ilocos Norte, andwind energy projects are being planned.
⮚ Tourism

⮚ Pottery

Major Entry Points

BY PLANE: Ilocos Norte, Philippines has an International Airport accepting tourists fromvarious ports of origin: 45 minutes
from Manila (daily), Philippines; 55 minutes from Kaohsiung, Taiwan(Chartered flights); 80 Minutes from Guangzhou,
Hongkong & Taipei; 2.15 hours fromShanghai.
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Airlines like Cebu Pacific and Philippine Airlines fly between Manila and Laog in Ilocos Norte.
LaogInternational Airport is the only airport in Ilocos Norte. The airport caters both international
anddomestic flights. Travel time is about 1 hour.

BY LAND: Various bus lines serve the Manila-Laoag route for an 8-hour drive. Ilocos Norte is just 477 kilometers north of
Manila. It can also be reached 4 hours from Baguio City.

LAOG CITY - Ilocos Norte

● Located at the west-central part of the Province of Ilocos Norte bordering the South China Sea. ● Its name is said to
come from an Ilocano term, "lawag" which means light or brightness. ● The city is also popularly known as the "Sunshine
City" that has clear atmosphere with beautiful, blue skyline.
● The inhabitants of the region, believed to be the Malay origin, called their place “samtoy,” form“sao mi toy,” which
literally meant “or language.”

VIGAN CITY - Ilocos Sur

● Vigan City is a World Heritage Site in that it is one of the few Hispanic towns left in thePhilippines, and is well known for its
cobblestone streets, and a unique architecture that fuses Philippine and Oriental building designs and construction, with colonial
European architecture. CANDON CITY - Ilocos Sur
● Dubbed as the "Tobacco Capital of the Philippines" the city is the country's largest producer of Virginia type tobacco.

LA UNION
● La Union, which translates to "The Union", was formed in 1850 by merging towns fromtheneighboring Provinces
of Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, and Benguet.
● La Union was created by virtue of a “Superior Decreto” issued on March 2, 1850 by Governor General Narciso Zaldua
Claveria.
● Its creation as a province was formally approved by a Royal Decree issued by Queen Isabela of Spain on April 18, 1854.

PANGASINAN
● The province has derived its name from the word “panagasinan”, which figuratively means “where salt is made”, owing to the
rich and fine salt beds which were the prior source of livelihood of the province’s coastal towns.
● It was officially conquered and colonized by D Goiti in 1571.

● On April 5, 1572, Pangasinan was made an encomienda by the Spanish royal crown to receiveinstruction on the Catholic
Faith, which means that Pangasinan was organized under oneleadership and has identity before the Spanish royal
court.
● April 5, 1580 as the official founding day of the Province of Pangasinan.

Region 2 - Cagayan Valley

⮚ Cagayan Valley is strategically located on the northeastern part of mainland Luzon. ⮚ With a total land
area of 26,388 square kilometers the Cagayan Valley is the secondlargest region in the Philippines.
⮚ It is a natural catch basin having the largest watersheds in the country. It is crisscrossedby the longest and
largest river network, the Cagayan River, also known as Rio Grandede Cagayan
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Provinces of Cagayan Valley Region and it’s capital cities:

1. Batanes - Baso
2. Cagayan - Tuguegarao
3. Isabela - Iligan
4. Nueva Vizcaya - Bayombong
5. Quirino - Cabarroguis

BASCO - Batanes
● Basco is located on Batan Island, the second largest among the Batanes Islands, thenorthernmost islands of the
 Philippines.

CAGAYAN VALLEY
● The fish “lurung” or “lidong” is the most expensive fish in the Philippines. A kilo of “lurung” could cost as much as P5,000,

simply because it’s quite challenging to catch them ● Cagayan is the second largest producer of rice in the country, second only
to Central Luzon. Theregion is also the top producer of corn in the Philippines.
● It is a land of ,many opportunities having one of the largest fertile alluvial plains, grazing lands and fishing grounds (both
marine an inland waters) in the Philippines.
● The Cagayan Valley is the largest region in the Philippines with regards to Land area. TheCagayan river, the country's
longest.

ISABELA
● The province of Isabela was created out of some towns through a Spanish royal decree issuedon May 1, 1856.

● It was named after Queen Isabella II, the first regnant of Spain.

NUEVA ECIJA
● The name Nueva Vizcaya is derived from the name of the province of ’’Biscay’’ during theSpanish colonial period.

● Nueva Vizcaya is hailed as a “Watershed Haven and Agro-Forestry”.

● Nueva Vizcaya is called the citrus capital of the Philippines.

BAYOMBONG - Nueva Ecija
● The name Bayombong emanated from the Gaddang word “Bayongyong” which means confluence of two or more rivers.

QUIRINO
● It is named after Elpidio Quirino, the sixth President of the Philippines.

● Quirino used to be part of the province of Nueva Vizcaya, until it was separated in 1966. ● Quirino is known as the
Forest Hearland of Cagayan.
● Current slogan of Quirino is: “Your Basket of Happiness!”.

● The province of Quirino was formally established on February 10, 1972.

Region 3 - Central Luzon

⮚ Central Luzon is a combination of towering mountains, extinct and active volcanoes, lush, verdant farmlands,
and natural sea harbors.
⮚ It is one of the leading growth regions in the Philippines, strategically located at the heart of Asia.

⮚ The region contains the largest plain in the country and produces most of the country's ricesupply, earning itself
the nickname "Rice Granary of the Philippines"
⮚ It has a total land area of 2, 147, 035 hectares, about 30% of the total land area estimatedat 644,475 hectares
are devoted to agricultural production.
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Provinces in Central Luzon and it’s capital cities:

1. Aurora - Baler
2. Bataan – Balanga City
3. Bulacan – Malolos City
4. Nueva Ecija – Palayan City
5. Pampanga – San Fernando City
6. Tarlac – Tarlac City
7. Zambales – Iba

ZAMBALES
● Is the second largest province in Central Luzon and it’s capital city is Iba. ● The province covers an area of 361,
103 hectares and shares common boundaries withPangasinan on North, Tarlac, and Pampanga on the East, and
Bataan on the South. ● The entire stretch of the province on the west is rimmed by the crystal water vast of
ChinaSea.
● The Spanish first explored the area in 1572, led by Juan de Salcedo.

BATAAN
● Then known as Vatan, was part of the vast Capampangan Empire.

● The province has a land area of 1,372.98 square km of 530.11 square miles. ● Historian Cornelio Bascara documents
that the province was established in January 11, 1757 by Governor-General Pedro Manuel Arandia.
● The Japanese Army invaded the country in December 1941, gradually overrun by General Douglas McArthur. He moved
his troops to the Bataan Peninsula in an attempt to hold out until a relief force could be sent from the U.S Japanese
forces.
● On January 7, 1942 the siege started in the peninsula, and launched an all-assault on April 3, a few months after the
Battle of the points.
● On April 9, Filipino forces surrendered and were forced to march more than a 100 km(62mi) from Bataan to Tarlac,
which became as the Bataan Death March.

AURORA
● Located in the eastern part of Central Luzon facing Philippine Sea. It’s capital city is Baler. ● Aurora was named
after Aurora Aragon the wife of a Manuel L. Quezon the President of thePhilippine Commonwealth.
● The early Spanish missionaries called Aurora province “Contra Costa” due to it’s orientationtowards the bleak and

wild Eastern coast of Luzon that faces the vast Pacific Ocean. ● Among the 7 provinces of Luzon, Aurora is the youngest
province and is also known as “TheGateway to Pacific”.
BALER - Aurora
● Baler is the oldest municipality in the province.

● It is said that the name “Baler” was originated from “Balod” a type of moutain pigeon. ● It is the 2nd most
populous town and the densest in Aurora although it is the smallest interms of land area.
● It is also where President Manuel L. Quezon and his wife Dona Aurora Aragon, hail from. ● Finally become an
independent province during the presidency of Ferdinand E. Marcos, through Batas Pambansa Blg. 7 enacted on
November 21, 1978.
● In 1572, Spanish explorer Juan de Salcedo become the first European to visit the province of Aurora while he was
exploring the northern cost of Luzon, reportedly visited the townof Casiguran, Baler, and Infanta.
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

PAMPANGA
● Lying on the northern shore of Manila Bay.

● It was founded by the Spanish conquistador, Martin de Goiti in 1571. ● The named was derived from the
native kapampangan words “pang pang ilog”, meaningriverside.
● Pampanga holds the title of being the “Culinary Capital of the Philippines”. ● Pampanga thus represented on
the Philippine national flag as one of the eight rays of thesun.
SAN FERNANDO - Pampanga
● Named after King Ferdinand VI of Spain and placed under the patronage of Saint FerdinandIII of Catile
and Leon, whose feast is celebrated every May 30.
● Popularly known as the “Christmas Capital of the Philippines” the city holds the annual Giant Lantern Festival every
December where large parol are displayed in competition.

BULACAN
● The province’s name is derived from the Tagalog word ‘bulak’ meaning cotton, which was its former principal product.

● These settlements formed the nucleus of towns that were founded from 1572 (Bulacan andCalumpit) to 1750 (San
Rafael).
● Bulacan is noted as the land of heroes, beautiful women, progressive cooperatives, small and medium-scale
industries.
● Among the industries well-known in Bulacan are Marble and Marbleized Limestone, Jewelry, Pyrotechnics,
Leather, Aquaculture, Meat and Meat Products, Garments, Furniture, High-Value Crops, and Sweets and
Native Delicacies, and a wide variety of high-qualitynative products.

TARLAC
● The name “Tarlac” is a Hispanized derivation of the Aeta word for a “talahib-like” weedcalled “Malatarlak”.

● Tarlac Province was the last province organized in Central Luzon in 1874 by the Spaniards. ● It is the most
multicultural of the Central Luzon provinces.
● Tarlac is also best known for its fine foods and vast sugar and rice plantations.

NUEVA ECIJA
● It is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. ● Nationally known as the Rice
Granary of the Philippines, producing the largest rice yieldinthe country.
● With a total land area of 5, 689.69 square km or 2, 196.80 square miles. ● Its population as
determined by the 2020 census was 2, 310,134.
● Cabanatuan, its former capital is the largest LGU remained as Nueva Ecija’s capital until 1965 when the

government created Palayan City as the new provincial capital. ● Nueva Ecija was named by the Spanish colonizers

after the city of Ecija, Spain. ● Its indigenous names such as “Pinagpanaan” meaning the place where the arrowhit -
defining the precolonial artistry in archery in the area.
● It is known as the “Rice Bowl of the Philippines” with rice, corn and onion as it’s mainagricultural products.
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

CAR - CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION ⮚ The regional center is the highly urbanized city of
Baguio.
⮚ The region was officially created on July 15, 1987, and covers most of the Cordillera MountainRange of Luzon and is
home to numerous ethnic peoples.
⮚ Created by virtue of the signing of the EO No. 220 by the late Pres. Corazon C. Aquino on July 15, 1987.

⮚ CAR's export products include ethnic wood carving and hand woven materials. ⮚ The mining industry also
continues to position the region as the highest contributor tothetotal gross value added of mining and
quarrying in the country.
⮚ The region is also known for its aromatic coffees and strawberries.

⮚ About 300 varieties of it's upland rice are exported to USA and Japan. ⮚ Cordillera is the best and primary
source of highland vegetables such as lettuce, broccoli, cauliflower, carrots, potatoes, cabbage, and other greens.
⮚ With the signing into law of Republic Act No. 7878 by President Ramos on February 14, 1995 the province of Kalinga-
Apayao was established into two separate and regular provinces.

Provinces of Cordillera Administrative Region and it’s capital cities:

1. Abra – Bangued
2. Apayao – Kabugao
3. Benguet – La Trinidad
4. Ifugao – Lagawe
5. Kalinga – Tabuk City
6. Mountain Province – Bontoc

BAGUIO CITY
● Officially known as the “Summer Capital of the Philippines”.

TABUK CITY
● Tabuk City is proudly dubbed as the “Rice Granary of the Cordilleras” and the “WhiteWater Rafting Capital” in
Northern Philippines
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography
Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

angui Wind Mills - Ilocos Norte Kapurpurawan Burgos Rock Formation - Ilocos Norte

Cape

Paoay Church - Ilocos Norte Bojeador Lighthouse - Ilocos Norte

a Paz Sand Dunes - Ilocos Norte Vigan Heritage Village - Ilocos Sur

Ba

Fountain at Plaza Salcedo - Ilocos Sur ntay Bell Tower - Ilocos Sur

aluarte Zoo - Ilocos Sur Santa Maria Church - Ilocos Sur

 angadan Falls - La Union

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4:

Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
 Enchanted Cave - Pangasinan

biztondo Beach - La Union

ayug Sunflower Eco Park - Pangasinan

Pi

ndangan Ruins - La Union

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Festivals
Ilocos Norte

Costiumes
 THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Ilocos Sur

Costumes

Festivals in La Union
 THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Costumes

Festivals in Pangasinan

Costumes
 THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Delicacies
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
 THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Major Destinations - Cagayan Valley

 Anguib Beach - Cagayan Callao Cave - Cagayan

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography

Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Ca

pe Engano Lighthouse - Cagayan St. Peter Metropolitan Cathedral - Cagayan

Buntun Bridge - Cagayan Fuyut Spring National Park - Isabela

Magat Dam

- Isabela Dariul Hills - Isabela

Camp Samal - Isabela oneymoon Island - Isabela

 System - Nueva Vizcaya Mt. Ugo - Nueva Vizcaya

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4:

Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Gulon Peak - Nueva Viscaya

Dominic Cathedral - Nueva Viscaya

 an View Point - Quirino

Festivals in Cagayan Valley

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
 THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Costumes in Cagayan Valley

Delicacies of Cagayan Valley

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
 THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Major Economic Industries

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
 THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Major Destinations - Central Luzon

Anawangin Cove - Zambales

Mt. Pinatubo - Zambales

La Casas de Filipinas de Acuzar - Bataan

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography

Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

The Shrine of Valor - Bataan Mayor de Ciudad de Balanga - Bataan

Sabanga Beach - Aurora Diguisit Beach - Aurora

Baler Lighthouse - Aurora

aler Catholic Church - Aurora

Museo de Baler - Aurora Mt. Pinatubo - Pampanga

 Sky Ranch - Pampanga
Mt. Arayat National Park - Pampanga

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Sandbox Pampanga

Ecija
 THM 4 - Philippine
Culture and Tourism
Geography Quiz #4: Region 1,
2, 3, & CAR

ngao National Park - Nueva Ecija

e Mercy National Shrine - Bulacan

Gabaldon Falls - Nueva Ecija

Mt. Pinatubo Crater in Capas - Tarlac

Pantabang

an Dam - Nueva Ecija

Bia

erio de Tarlac - San Jose

k na Bato National Park - Bulacan

balan River in San Jose - Tarlac

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
 Festivals in Central Luzon

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
ngkaban Festival – September 8-15 Kneeling Carabao in Pulilan – May 14-15

y Dance in Obando – May Lenten Procession – Holy week

Calumpi

t of the Holy Cross of Wawa in Bocaue1 st Sunday of July

t Libad Festival – June 23-24
 THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR

Belenismo sa Tarlac (December)

ruban and Chicharon Festival of Camiling (October

g Pot Festival or Malatarlak Festival ofTarlac City (January

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR
COSTUMES IN CENTRAL LUZON

THM 4 - Philippine Culture and Tourism Geography Quiz #4: Region 1, 2, 3, & CAR