WHEN (SIMPLE PAST-) AND WHILE (PAST CONTINUOUS) – AND / ,-.

I WAS TALKING TO MY FRIEND AND WE WERE DISCUSSING SOMETHING ABOUT SOCCER WHILE MY

GIRLFRIEND WAS MAKING A COCKTAIL . MY FATHER CALLED ME WHEN ACCIDENTALLY, I DROPPED THE
COCKTAIL.

I WAS TALKING TO MY FRIEND WHILE MY FATHER CALLED ME.

MY FATHER CALLED ME WHILE/WHEN I WAS TALKING TO MY FRIEND AND WE WERE DISCUSSING SOMETHING
ABOUT SOCCER, AND MY GIRLFRIEND WAS MAKING A COCKTAIL

MY FATHER CALLED ME WHEN I WAS TALKING TO MY FRIEND. (NOT REALLY COMMON)

I WAS DRIVING MY CAR WHILE HE WAS SLEEPING. (2 ACTIONS HAPPENING AT THE SAME TIME)

I BROKE MY ARM MYSELF YESTERDAY. (THE DETAILS IN WHICH THE ACCIDENT HAPPENED – HOW, WHERE,
WHEN/WHAT TIME, WHO WITH, WHY etc)

HOW – WHILE I WAS RUNNING ON THE STREET WHEN I FELL DOWN (WHAT HAPPENED / HOW DID IT HAPPEN?)

WHY – (I HAD THE ACCIDENT/THE ACCIDENT HAPPENED) BECAUSE I WAS NOT PAYING ATTENTION TO THE STREET

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

WHERE - I WAS IN CAROLINA PARK. (WHERE DID IT HAPPEN?) / WHERE WERE YOU “DOING(A CHANGEABLE
VERB)”?

WHEN/WHAT TIME - I WAS RUNNING IN THE EVENING, AT 19H00 (WHEN/WHAT TIME DID IT HAPPEN?)

WHO WITH - I WAS RUNNING ALONE. (WHO WERE YOU WITH?) BY MYSELF

MODEL 1

I BROKE MY ARM MYSELF YESTERDAY. I WAS IN CAROLINA PARK BY MYSELF WHILE I WAS RUNNING IN THE
EVENING, AT 19H00. I HAD THE ACCIDENT AND I WAS RUNNING ON THE STREET. I FELL DOWN BECAUSE I WAS
NOT PAYING ATTENTION TO THE STREET.

MODEL 2

YESTERDAY, I WAS RUNNING MYSELF ALONE IN CAROLINA PARK IN THE EVENING, AT 19H00. I WAS RUNNING

ON THE STREET AND I FELL DOWN BECAUSE I WAS NOT PAYING ATTENTION MYSELF TO THE STREET . I
BROKE MY ARM.
 EXCEPTIONS

1. NON-ACTION VERBS (STATE VERBS)

LOVE – ONE MOMENT – PERIOD OF TIME I LOVED THE SMELL OF MY LUNCH WHEN I HAD IT IN FRONT OF ME

REMEMBER – ONE MOMENT – PERIOD OF TIME THEY REMEMBERED THE PASSWORD WHEN IT WAS NECESSARY

NON-ACTION VERBS (THEY ARE NEVER CONTINUOUS – THEY ARE ONLY SIMPLE)

LOVE, NEED, LIKE, HATE, UNDERSTAND, BE, WANT, WISH, SEE, HEAR, REMEMBER, FORGET

I AM LOVING YOU – I LOVE YOU

I’M LOVIN’ IT! (EXPRESSIONS)

2. CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER (NO CONTINUOUS)

(CHRONOLOGICAL CONNECTORS – FIRST, SECOND, THEN, AFTER THAT, NEXT, LATER, FINALLY)

SHE TOOK A SHOWER, SHE DRESSED, SHE ATE BREAKFAST, AND SHE WENT TO THE UNIVERSITY.

NATURAL MEANING OF THE VERB

THEY WERE COOKING CHICKEN– THEY COOKED CHICKEN – COOK HAPPENS IN A PERIOD OF TIME (CONTINUOUS)

I WAS STOPPING MY CAR – I STOPPED MY CAR – STOP HAPPENS IN A MOMENT (SIMPLE-IMMEDIATE)

STUDY – ONE MOMENT – PERIOD OF TIME I WAS STUDYING WHEN THE POWER WENT OUT

I STUDIED WHILE THE POWER WAS GOING OUT.

ENTER – ONE MOMENT – PERIOD OF TIME MY GIRLFRIEND WAS KISSING ME WHEN MY MOM ENTERED

SPEAK – ONE MOMENT – PERIOD OF TIME MY BROTHER WAS SPEAKING TO ME WHEN HE FELL DOWN

TRAVEL – ONE MOMENT – PERIOD OF TIME WE WERE TRAVELING WHEN WE HAD AN ACCIDENT

FALL – ONE MOMENT – PERIOD OF TIME THEY WERE RUNNING DOWN THE STREET WHEN THEY FELL

WALK – ONE MOMENT – PERIOD OF TIME SHE WAS WALKING AT NIGHT WHEN SHE GOT ROBBED

I WAS HIKING ON THE STREET WHEN I HIKED INTO A TREE. – WALK INTO = CRASH
GO – GO OUT – GO IN – GO OFF
 GRAMMAR
(SHE / RUN - STUDY) Aff – Neg – Y/N? – Info?

SHE RAN / STUDIED – WHO RAN IN THE PARK? / WHO STUDIED IN THE PARK?

SHE DIDN’T RUN / STUDY IN THE PARK

DID SHE RUN / STUDY IN THE PARK?

INFO WORD + Y/N?

WHERE DID SHE RUN? – HOW LONG DID SHE STUDY IN THE PARK? – WHAT TIME DID SHE RUN IN THE PARK?

STOPPED

PREFERRED OMITTED

OFFERED VISITED
CRIED

PLAYED

CREATED

PANICKED

(HE/COOK) Aff – Neg – Y/N? – Info?

HE WAS / THEY WERE COOKING CHICKEN – WHO WAS/ WERE COOKING CHICKEN?
HE WASN’T / THEY WEREN’T COOKING CHICKEN

WAS HE / WERE THEY COOKING CHICKEN?

INFO WORD + Y/N?

WHERE WAS HE COOKING CHICKEN? – WHO WERE THEY COOKING CHICKEN WITH? – WHY WAS HE COOKING
CHICKEN?

RUNNING

PREFERRING OMITTING BEGINNING

OFFERING VISITING LISTENING

CRYING

PLAYING

CREATING

PANICKING

(SUBJECT / VERB) – AFF – NEG – Y/N? (answers) – INFO(X2)?

(WE / PRACTICE)
 FORMULAS
SIMPLE PAST = IMMEDIATE
AFFIRMATIVE

S + VERB(PAST – REGULAR/IRREGULAR) + C

SHE OPENED/READ A BOOK

NEGATIVE

S + DIDN’T + VERB (SIMPLE FORM) + C

SHE DIDN’T OPEN/READ A BOOK

YES/NO ?

DID + S + VERB (SIMPLE FORM) + C+?

DID SHE OPEN/READ A BOOK?

INFO?

INFO WORD + YES/NO ?

WHERE DID SHE OPEN/READ A BOOK?

PAST CONTINUOUS = TEMPORARY

AFFIRMATIVE

S + WAS/WERE + VERB(ING) + C

SHE WAS OPENING A BOOK

NEGATIVE

S + WASN’T/WEREN’T + VERB (ING) + C

SHE WASN’T OPENING A BOOK

YES/NO ?

WAS/WERE + S + VERB (ING) + C+?

WAS SHE OPENING A BOOK?

INFO?

INFO WORD + YES/NO ?

WHY WAS SHE OPENING A BOOK?

INFORMATION WORDS

LOCATION – WHERE? FREQUENCY – HOW OFTEN?

TIME – WHEN? DURATION – HOW LONG?

HOUR – WHAT TIME? REASON – WHY?

PURPOSE – WHAT ……. FOR? COMPANY – WHO ……. WITH?

BEFORE I HAD THE FLU, I WAS PLAYING SOCCER IN THE RAIN.

AFTER I WENT TO THE DOCTOR, I WAS THINKING OF MY HEALTH.

AFTER – AFTER THAT,

I WAS PLAYING PS5 WHILE MY BROTHER WAS LOOKING AT ME.

I WAS PLAYING PS5 DURING MY BROTHER WAS LOOKING AT ME./DINNER TIME / 8H00PM / MY BREAK

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

I PREPARED DINNER ALONE = I PREPARED DINNER BY MYSELF (WITH NOBODY’S COMPANY)

I PREPARED DINNER MYSELF = I DON’T PREPARE DINNER, EXCEPT FOR THIS TIME

I DON’T LIKE TO COOK, BUT NOW I DID IT

1. SHE CALLED HIMSELF - CORRECT / INCORRECT -

2. THEY BOUGHT SWEATERS FOR OURSELVES - CORRECT / INCORRECT -
3. YOU PACKED A CANDLE FOR YOURSELVES - CORRECT / INCORRECT -
4. I HURT YOURSELF – CORRECT / INCORRECT -
5. YOU WERE LISTENING TO HIMSELF – CORRECT / INCORRECT -
6. SHE GOT HERSELVES A PINK BLOUSE – CORRECT / INCORRECT -
7. WE MOVED TO NEW YORK OURSELVES – CORRECT / INCORRECT -
8. HE PREPARED HIMSELF A SALAD – CORRECT / INCORRECT -
9. YOU ALL BROUGHT A NICE AMERICAN SHIRT FOR YOURSELVES - CORRECT / INCORRECT -

YOU SINGULAR= YOURSELF

PLURAL = YOURSELVES