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Sunday, February 19, 2023 1:02 PM

LESSON 1: ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY

Argumentative Essay
• Having or showing a tendency to disagree or agree

ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY
▪ A kind of writing that aims to make the reader agree with the writer's opinion about a controversial or debatable issue.

STEP 1: FORMULATE YOUR CLAIM OR ARGUMENT ON THE ISSUE.

CLAIM OR AGUMENT/EVIDENCE/PRIOR KNOWLEDGE/EXPERTS' OPINION/RELIABLE BOOKS AND ARTICLES

STEP 2: LOOK FOR EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT YOUR CLAIM/ ARGUMENT

PARTS OF ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY

INTRODUCTION
✓ Introduce the ISSUE.
✓ Give background information.
✓ State your CLAIM/ THESIS STATEMENT.

BODY
▪ Present your EVIDENCE (Reason + Supporting details)
Note:
(1) Each paragraph must contain one reason and its supporting details =.
(2) The supporting details may include examples, statistics, personal experiences, or quotations.
▪ Includes COUNTERCLAIM + rebuttal.

CONCLUSION
▪ A general statement that supports your claim or thesis statement.
▪ A quotation or call to action.

STEP 3: WRITE YOUR ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY THE FOLLOWING THIS FORMAT.

STEP 1: FORMULATE YOUR CLAIM OR ARGUMENT.

STEP 2: LOOK FOR EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT YOUR CLAIM/ ARGUMENT.
STEP 3: WRITE YOUR ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY THE FOLLOWING THIS FORMAT.
□ Introduction
□ Body
□ Conclusion

LESSON 2.1: USING A VARIETY OF INFORMATIVE, PERSUASIVE AND ARGUMENTATIVE

WRITING TECHNIQUES

WRITING TECHNIQUE
- The style an author uses to convey his/her message in a manner that is effective and meaningful to the audience.

• INFORMATIVE ESSAY
✓ Explains a certain issue or a topic.
✓ Provides information and explanations in a straightforward manner.
✓ The writer is like a reporter at a newspaper, only there to state the facts, not to offer any sort of opinion.

IN AN INFORMATIVE ESSAY OR TEXT, YOU CAN PRESENT YOUR TOPIC THROUGH…

DESCRIPTION COMPARISON AND PROBLEM AND CAUSE AND EFFECT SEQUENCE

CONTRAST SOLUTION
Explain a topic in Describe similarities or Present a problem and Explain and analyze why Describe a series of events

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 Explain a topic in Describe similarities or Present a problem and Explain and analyze why Describe a series of events
detail. differences between the propose possible solutions. something happened or or a process in some sort
two subjects. how something occurred. of order.

• PERSUASIVE ESSAY

• PERSUASION
- A technique that is used to present ideas in order to influence the audience or to convince them to perform a certain
action.

• PERSUASIVE TEXT
- Any text which main purpose is to:
• Convince
• Motivate
• Move readers
Towards a certain point of view or opinion.

• PERSUASIVE WRITING
- Starting point - identify your topic and choose your side.
- Purpose - get the reader to agree with your opinion.
- Techniques
1. Combine facts with emotions to convince the reader that the author is "right"
2. Emotion - based
3. Ignores counter claims
4. Presents only ideas that help establish a position
5. Only presents one side: the author's side
- Tone - the tone is emotionally charged and more aggressive.

• PARTS OF A PERSUASIVE ESSAY

Introduction
- Catchy hook:
- Background information:
- Thesis statement
Body
- Minimum of Three reason with supporting evidences
Conclusion
- Restate thesis statement:
- Call to action or closing statement

Writing Independent Critique

Critique (critical analysis)

• A technique that aims to study, discuss, evaluate, and interpret literally works.
• A critique could be:
✓ A critical essay
✓ An article evaluating a literary piece or a review

Remember
□ Avoid introducing your ideas by sharing "I think" or " in my opinion"
□ Keep the focus on the subject of your analysis

Critique a Literary Selection | Literary Approaches

Critical Approaches (literary criticism)

□ Sometimes called "lenses", are the different perspective we can consider in analyzing and interpreting a text.

Structuralist/ Formalist Approach

□ Holds that the true meaning of a text can be determined only by analyzing the literary elements of the text and by
understanding how these elements work together to form up a conhesive whole.

Historical Approach
Involves the understanding of the historical and cultural conditions. That influence the production of the literary work.

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□ Involves the understanding of the historical and cultural conditions. That influence the production of the literary work.

Moralist Approach
□ to study literature from the moral/ intellectual perspective is therefore to determine whether a work conveys a lesson or
message and whether it can help readers lead better lives and improve their understanding of the world.

Feminist Approach
□ Focuses on female representation in literature, paying attention to female points of view, concerns, and values.

Reader-Response Approach
□ Argues that the meaning of a text is dependent upon the readers' response to it.
□ Hence, two different readers may derive completely different interpretations of the same literary text.

Marxist Approach
□ Examines the relationship of a literary product to the actual economic and social reality of its time and place
Including:
• Class stratification
• Class relations
• Dominant ideology

□ It tries to understand how POWER, POLITICTS, and MONEY play a role in literary texts how these elements impact the
society and characters in the text.

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