IKRAMULLAH KHAN (BL-1246)

SECTION (C) 7TH SEMESTER

ASSIGNMENT: PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW-I
TEACHER: SIR ATTA UR REHMAN

KIEL CANAL
The Kiel Canal(Kaiser-Wilhelm-kanal) passes through the German state of
Schleswig-Holstein. The Kiel Canal is 98.6 km long and the busiest man-made
waterway in the world. It links the North Sea with the Baltic Sea. The Kiel Canal
constitutes not only an important part of the regional economic structure but also a
key element in the Trans-European Transport Network. Vessels will save
approximately, 450 km by transiting the canal. Saving distance and time on the
Kiel Canal federal waterway means an enormous competitive advantage to
international shipping. In addition to the locks at Brunsbüttel and Kiel, the Kiel
Canal infrastructure includes 10 bridges, 2 tunnels, 14 ferries and 12 lay-bys
(passing areas). The Kiel Canal is the largest artificial receiving body of water in
Schleswig-Holstein. In the summer season, around 10,000 recreational ships pass
the Kiel Canal. The Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration ensures that
the Kiel Canal is continuously maintained to provide a permanently available, safe
and reliable transport route. Major expansion projects have been planned along this
important transit route to meet the future demand of international shipping. In
2018, about 29,000 commercial vessels passed the Kiel Canal, transporting roughly
87,5 million tons of cargo.

AFGHANISTAN PAKISTAN TRANSIT TRADE AGREEMENT

The Afghanistan–Pakistan Transit Trade Agreement is the bilateral trade

agreement between Pakistan and Afghanistan which eases the transferring of goods
among the two countries. In 1965 the first agreement covering transit of Afghan
imports through Pakistan was signed between Afghanistan and Pakistan. This
agreement – Afghanistan Transit Trade Agreement (ATTA) was replaced by the
Afghanistan Pakistan Transit Trade Agreement (APTTA) in 2011. The new
agreement allows greater access to Afghanistan of Pakistan’s ports and has
identified new transit corridors for facilitating Afghan imports through Pakistan.
While the new agreement did away with clauses like the “Negative List” for
Afghan imports, it provided Pakistan with some measure of comfort by requiring
Afghan importers to submit guarantees equivalent to Government of Pakistan
levies applicable on Pakistani imports as well as requiring containerization of
cargo and the installation of tracking devices on vehicles carrying Afghan transit
trade. Pakistan Railways / NLC’s monopoly on Afghan transit trade was removed
allowing Afghan trucks to carry Afghan export consignments to Karachi & the
Wagaha border and also allowing Afghan importers to select their freight options.