Counseling techniques

Counseling Stages:
1. Building relationships
Build a good / Good relationship report, done since the beginning of counseling,
it is important to build initial trust in the counselor.
Report Failure can cause:
a. clients develop attitudes of blocking, defensive
b. distrust of the counselor hinders the further counseling process.
2. Exploring the problem / Facilitating problem-solving
a. active listening
b. Reflection
c. Clarification
3. Termination
The stage of ending counseling that has been agreed upon within a certain
period like summary, homework, next meeting plan
Basics Skills Counseling that must be considered at each stage of counseling:
1. Stage Building relationship / Building relationships
Skills The main thing that must be owned from the early stages of
counseling:
a. Responsive & sensitive to clients (since the first meeting & changes
during the counseling process)
b. Skills open the conversation with an open question:
● Greetings
● Asking the purpose of the client coming the form of the question
must be vague (floating/open) can address clients more freely.
● If the situation allows for the delivery of a contract which is an
agreement between the client and the counselor regarding their
respective roles and how long the counseling will take,
payment, existing rules in the institution, etc. The contract is
done at the beginning of counseling, but sometimes it can't be
done in a client's situation that requires urgent action, for
example the client is in crisis and need to express feelings
immediately.
c. Listening (Skills precise & active hearing):
2. Attending: this is a statement of opening up and being able to accept clients as
they are, even though clients and counselors may have different life
backgrounds. known from:
a. Verbal gestures: Skills follow the client's subject without interrupting,
asking questions, or directing to another topic, for example: using minimal
responses (minimal encouragers): yes, then
 b. Natural gestures: Skills provide minimal encouragement (nods, hand
movements, head, shoulders
3. Paraphrasing: Restate the essence of the client's conversation more briefly in
your language, with the aim of:
a. To test the counselor's understanding
b. To let client know that we are trying to understand them.
c. Consequences to the client: the client feels understood so the client is
encouraged to continue his story.
4. Clarifying: Clarify the topic being discussed. This is done if the counselor cannot
paraphrase because the content talks very unclear done by:
a. Stating the counselor's confusion/confusion about the problem being
discussed by the client.
b. Repeating back what the client stated (restatement) or asking the client to
clarify, repeat or give further explanation about the conversation.
5. Perception checking: ask for input/corrections from clients regarding the
accuracy of our overall understanding
6. Empathy: It is the counselor's expression that he can understand the client as if
the counselor were to put himself in the client's position at that time. According to
Rogers, Empathy is a skilled counselor to 'enter the client's phenomenal world',
as if work participates in the client experience without losing quality. Empathy
can be expressed by:
a. Facial expressions: smile, frown
b. Mimics that show concern
c. Body language: head nods, claps
d. Gentle touches, hugs
e. Verbal expression: 'I can understand your feelings', Oh yes, I can
imagine how you feel afraid to face….