ULTRASONIC THERAPY

PRESENTED BY: MUHAMMAD HAMZA

PRESENTED TO: DR ARSLAN

Introduction

 Ultrasound is the modality that is used for a number of purposes including

diagnosis , destruction of tissues and therapy
 Types of ultrasound
There are three types of ultrasound,
 Diagnostic ultrasound
 Destructive ultrasound
 Therapeutic ultrasound
 Frequency of ultrasound

Ultrasound sound waves have frequencies above those

audible to the human ear, that is, greater than approximately
20 MHz. Ultrasound typically used in clinical settings has
frequencies between 2 and 12 MHz
 Production of ultrasound

What is piezoelectric effect?

Piezoelectric Effect is the ability of certain materials to generate an
electric charge in response to applied mechanical stress. The word
Piezoelectric is derived from the Greek piezein, which means to
squeeze or press, and piezo, which is Greek for “push”.
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What is piezoelectric effect in ultrasonic?

The piezoelectric effect converts kinetic or
mechanical energy, due to crystal deformation,
into electrical energy. This is how ultrasound
transducers receive the sound waves.
Coupling Media

Ultrasonic waves are not transmitted by air, thus some couplant

which does transmit them must be interposed between the
treatment head (transducer) and the patient’s skin.
The primary job of the coupling medium is to facilitate transmission
Of the ultrasound energy from the machine head to the tissues
Some coupling medias and their efficiency of transmission are:
Aquasonic gel 72.6%
Glycerol 67%
Distilled water 59%
Liquid paraffin 19%
Petroleum jelly 0%
Air 0%
Characteristics

Coupling agents must have certain features, such

as a low-absorption coefficient; acoustic
impedance similar to, or higher than, that of the
tissues to be treated; low cost; and general
acceptability.
Techniques of Applications

 Direct contact method

The typical treatment time for ultrasound is five to eight minutes.
Normally when you receive ultrasound, you will not feel anything happening.
Occasionally you may feel some gentle warming or tingling under the sound head.

 Water Bath method

In the water bath technique, one fills a small basin with
lukewarm water to a depth point where the extremity being studied (ie, hand or foot)
is mostly—but not completely—submerged in the water bath. After the extremity is
submerged, the high-frequency probe is then placed into the water bath
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 Water Bag method

Another method of applying ultrasound therapy to irregular surface
which cannot conventionally be placed in a water bath is treated with a plastic or rubber
bag filled with water forming a water cushion between the treatment head and the
skin.Rubber bag filled with degassed water can be used. A coupling medium has to be
placed both between the rubber bag and skin and between the rubber bag and the
treatment head to eliminate any air
Therapeutic uses of ultrasound

 Uses of ultrasound
Ultrasound generates heat deep into the tissues, increases
circulation and metabolism. This helps to encourage tissue repair, loosens the
muscles and increases oxygen and other important substances to promote
tissue regeneration and healing

 Scar Tissue
ultrasound therapy is breaking up scar tissue caused by injuries
or surgery. Scar tissue can cause pain and restrict joint movement. Ultrasound
helps by using high-frequency sound waves to break the fibres of the scar
tissue down into smaller fragments
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 Varicose ulcer
A venous ulcer, sometimes called a varicose ulcer or a venous
stasis ulcer, is a leg wound that happens when the leg veins don't circulate blood
back toward the heart. It is a type of vascular ulcer. Blood can back up in the veins,
building up pressure on the skin, which can cause an open sore to form.
Ultrasound is found effective to promote the healing of varicose
ulcers and pressure sores.
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 Plantar warts
Plantar warts are small, rough growths on the feet. They usually
show up on the balls and heels of the feet, the areas that bear the most
pressure. This pressure may also cause a wart to grow inward beneath a hard,
thick layer of skin (callus)
 Bone injuries
Ultrasound can also be used in early diagnosis of stress
fractures.
 Blood flow
 Placebo effect
Dangers of ultrasound

 Burns
 Overdose
 Cavitation
 Danger to equipment
Contraindications

 Vascular condition
 Acute sepsis
 Radiotherapy
 Tumors
 Pregnancy
 Cardiac disease
 Hemorrhage
 Severely ischemic tissues
 Nervous system
 Specialised tissue
 Implants
 Anesthetic areas