Title of the Project

“COMPARITIVE STUDY OF WORK-LIFE OF EMPLOYEES WORKING IN

VARIOUS SECTORSDURING PANDAMIC”

1
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

2
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

The disease of Corona virus started in China in late 2019. However, in early 2020, it
started to spread to other parts of the world. The eruption of the Covid-19 pandemic is
an exceptional stun to the Indian economy. The economy was at that point in a parlous
state before Covid-19 struck. On and off the chance, if Indian economy were an
individual, its salary in 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 would be not as much as what it was
in 2019-2020, this is the thing that the most recent World Bank estimates let us know. It
is enormous, exceptional, and financial torment ahead. Both preparations and
governmental issues should assume a significant job to reduce this instead awful strategy
can even wreck financial restoration. With the darnation of interest and flexibly chains,
the economy is probably going to confront an extended time of hiatus. The size of the
financial effect will rely on the span of the wellbeing emergency—the term of the
lockdown, and the way where the circumstance unfurls once the lockdown is lifted.
Most businesses that figure out how to endure the COVID-period monetarily, will be
able to develop successfully. As it’s been said, “You have to live, to be in the game.”
When the world sees through this pandemic, there will be a hope of interest in
purchasing, travel, and the tourism industry. The transportation, development material,
metals, and product areas will likewise observe an upswing. Businesses will reevaluate
their technique of concentrating on deals without productivity/benefit development.
The lockdown came when the economy was battling. Exchange across areas was
assessed to be affected. Other than the import and fare business, one more significant
income generator that got a blow was the travel industry. India’s prevalently chaotic
retail showcase was one more setback with the lockdown pressing the online retail
section to meet the challenge at hand. Because of the lockdown declared by the Indian
government, the economy may slow throughout the following coming months. For most
businesses, the layoff could be interruptions, fall in utilization demand, and weight on
the banking and budgetary areas. The COVID-19 pandemic and the multi-staged
lockdown have brought about a staggering hit to the Indian Economy. The monetary

3
 effect of Coronavirus pandemic in India has been, to a great extent, considered
problematic. India’s development in the final quarter of the fiscal year 2020 went down
to 3.1% as indicated by the Ministry of Statistics. The monetary package comprised to
blend of change in an edifice, backing to focus on businesses, and a specific measure of
direct monetary support. The technique of joining financial and fiscal liquidity
measures was safeguarded by the government. The finance minister Sitharaman
clarified that different nations had additionally done likewise. Assessments of the size
of India’s financial upgrade as a level of GDP differed between 0.75% and 1.3%. The
manufacturing, a significant piece of any economy, experiences an absolute absence of
clearness. Lockdown has put extraordinary weight on the flexible chains of
fundamental wares, and thusly, a considerable lot of the Indian organizations have
concentrated on the production of basic things just, along halting all other exercises, in
this manner cutting down the development sketch.
The few sectors like news, finance, healthcare and food industry have shown
tremendous growth, while travel industry has shown a massive drop with advertising,
agriculture, manufacturing and transportation industries also declining at a rapid pace.

1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 To study on different industrial sectors which are affected due to covid19

 To study on the discrepancies faced by the workers
 To study on the work-life of workers working under different industrial sectors

1.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study is carried on within the period of almost 12 months and the questionnaire
have been distributed, data is collected from 156 respondents with respect to their
opinion towards the work environment based on various sectors , prior to pandemic
and during the pandemic. The project report goes to know the discrepancies faced by
the workers.

1.3 NEED OF THE STUDY

The primary purpose of doing this project is to identify the changes caused during the
COVID19 outbreak in various industrial sectors. As workers plays a vital role in the
production process, as well as in the growth of the co0untry. Eventually it is necessary to
know the work-life of the workers working in various industrial sector during the crisis.

4
 CHAPTER 2
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

5
Methodology

 SAMPLE SIZE-
It is proposed to have a sample size of 76 respondents for knowing the discrepancies
faced during the COVID19 outbreak (in various industrial sectors). The data collected
from respondents is tabulated and analyzed using statistical techniques.

 Data for this project was collected from the following sources:

A) PRIMARY DATA
Data was collected through a structured questionnaire given to 50 respondents (90%
Workers involved and 10% student beneficiaries)
As we know that, most of the studies are dependent on secondary data, it gives brief
content, different journals, newspaper will be referred to study. The data pertaining to
various industrial sectors are collected from websites and magazines.

 SAMPLING DESIGN:
The present study is exploratory in nature

 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE: The respondents are selected based on convenient

sampling method
B. SECONDARY DATA
Secondary data is collected from Newspapers, Magazines; from various Websites.

LIMITATION OF PROJECT:

 Though The study was conducted on 76 respondents but only 50 responses were
useful for conducting the study.
 Time constraint in collection, analysis and interpretation of data.
 Lack of Interest in the respondents for filling the questionnaire/answering the
survey.
 Hesitation by the Respondents in sharing their information.

6
 CHAPTER 3
LITERATURE REVIEW

7
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

The recent outbreak of a novel coronavirus, named COVID‐19 by the World Health
Organization (WHO) has pushed the global economy and humanity into a disaster. In
their attempt to control this pandemic, the governments of all the countries have imposed
a nationwide lockdown. Although the lockdown may have assisted in limiting the spread
of the disease, it has brutally affected the country, unsettling complete value‐chains of
most important industries. The impact of the COVID‐19 is devastating on the economy.
Therefore, this study has reported about the impact of COVID‐19 epidemic on various
industrial sectors.

There are thousands of evidence which proves that infectious disease outbreak
impact the economic development of a country. Economic cost of the infectious
disease is the subsidies given to the poor, health facilities provided to the patient
and losses incurred by the business organizations due to non-functional business
operations. During the outbreak of infectious disease, workers are not able to work
and business organizations are not in the position to run the operations at the full
capacity. Millions will lose their jobs and companies will lose their orders taken
from their clients from across the globe. The logic to bear this cost is that social
security is more important than economic benefits. If the people are secured and
healthy; economic growth can be achieved after some time.
The influenza virus had proven more dangerous and deadliest in human history. It
cost loss of millions and deaths of millions in Spain. Similarly, Corona virus appears
to be deadliest and spread person to person at a very fast pace. So far, there is no
vaccine developed which could be used for the treatment of the corona virus
patients. As of now, nationwide lockdown seems to be the only option to save the
lives of people. Impact of COVID-19 in urban areas is more than rural areas. It is
because of population density and environmental issues.
Large numbers of people are living with fear and uncertainties. People are fearful
because they are considering COVID-19 as a major reason for the people’s death.
However, this has not been proven but the perception of the people is like this.
Viscusi et al. (1997) rank COVID-19 as the third major factor for people death after
cancer and cardiovascular. According to the research conducted by the Sunstein
(1997) explains that an individual’s willingness to pay increases when they feel
that it can cost their life. They will search for best doctors and best treatment to
avoid the impact deadly virus. People perception of COVID-19 is very negative as far
as its impact on their life, business operation and economy is concerned. Dueto
COVID-19, business is not able to operate and many other businesses are likely to
collapse.

8
Several studieshave outlined theeffects of COVID-19 on world economy. World GDP
is estimatedto be reduced drastically due to COVID-19 because consumption and
investment activities are very low. People are spending their income on only
essential items not luxury one. People want to save their income because they are
not very sure that how long this virus will prevail in the world. United States of
America, China and India arethe three main economies drivingthe world’s
consumption activities. As compare to USand China, India isrelatively safe and the
virus effects are not as fearful as were in US and China. Lower consumption effects
will not only confine to US, China and India but also to other major world
economies.

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 Chapter 4
THE ORETECAL FRAMEWORK
IMPACT OF PANDEMIC

10
IMPACT OF PANDEMIC

COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Introduction

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has already affected over 6.9 million
people, claiming more than 400 000 lives in over 200 nations all over the world.
As on June 9, 2020, most of the cases were reported from the United States of
America, Brazil, and Russia. While some nations (like China and South Korea)
have successfully been able to flatten the pandemic curve, other nations are
finding it difficult to achieve the same. In the absence of any definite therapy
against COVID-19, the resilience of the health care infrastructure and health
professionals is being put to test.

The novel coronavirus disease has also infiltrated into India; hitherto over 250
000 cases have been reported from the country. With a population of more than
1.3 billion people, India could become the new epicenter of COVID-19. Due to
the remarkable population density, poor socioeconomic conditions and health
care resources, the World Health Organization (WHO) recently stated that the
“future of the pandemic will depend on how India handles it.”1 Here, we have
presented a summary of the present scenario of COVID-19 in India, the country’s
response and major challenges that lie in the road ahead.

11
Present Scenario of COVID-19 in India

The first case of COVID-19 in India was reported on January 30, 2020; the index
patient was a student who had returned from Wuhan. Thereafter, only 2 more
cases were reported in February. Subsequently, more cases came to the forefront
in the month of March and there has been a surge in the number of cases since the
latter half of April 2020 (Figure 1). As of June 9, 2020, according to the Ministry
of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), a total of 266 598 confirmed COVID-
19 cases have been reported from 32 states/union territories.Most of the cases
have been reported from the states of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, and
Gujarat. Hitherto, the MoHFW have reported 7471 deaths due to COVID-19,
translating into a case-fatality rate of 2.8%.

Figure 1

Line diagram showing trajectory of confirmed novel coronavirus disease

(COVID-19) cases in India.

12
 An estimate released by the MoHFW on April 6, 2020 had revealed that out of
the total number of confirmed cases, 76% were male. People younger than 40
years and older than 60 years accounted for 47% and 19% of cases, respectively.
On the contrary, 63% of all the deaths had occurred in those aged 60 years and
older. The case-fatality rates in 3 age groups, namely, <40 years, 40 to 60 years,
and >60 years were 0.40%, 2.36%, and 8.89%, respectively. Moreover, 86% of
the deaths were seen in people with underlying comorbidities, notably, diabetes
mellitus, hypertension, kidney disease and/or cardiovascular disease. Although
the overall mortality rates vary from one nation to another, being as low as 0.7%
in Germany to as high as 10.8% in Italy, the fact that mortality due to COVID-19
increases with advancing age and presence of comorbidities is consistent across
all countries. Another update by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
mentioned that 80% of the cases in India are either asymptomatic or mild. This is
very similar to what has been reported from the largest Chinese series.

India’s Response to COVID-19

India has promptly responded to the novel threat. International borders have
been shut and nationwide lockdown has been imposed since March 25. As per the
Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, India’s response has been
rated as one of the most stringent in the world, exceeding the United States,
Germany, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom.6 In the absence of containment
and timely lockdown, India would have had 820 000 cases by April 15.7 On the
contrary, the reported number of COVID-19 cases in India as of April 15 was 11
438 (Figure 1), thereby preventing more than 800 000 cases. The ICMR had
earlier predicted that strict social distancing would reduce the total number of
cases by 62% and the peak number of cases by 89%.8 Similarly, Chatterjee using
a stochastic mathematical model had predicted that uninterrupted spread of
COVID-19 would have led to 3 million cases by May 25; in reality there had
been 1,38,845 cases as on May 25. The COVID-19 testing rates in India have
markedly increased from 0.02/1000 people in late March to 3.28/1000 people as
of June 7.10 As of June 9, 2020, 49,16,116 samples have been tested for COVID-
19. In addition to the conventional real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-
PCR), the ICMR has advocated the use of other screening tests like TrueNat and
Cartridge-Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) using Cepheid

13
Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2. Till date, 17 RT-PCR kits have been validated and
approved for use in India by the ICMR.Rapid antibody test kits are also being
used for surveillance purpose. Testing has been scaled up through 553
government and 231 private laboratories all over the country. The strategy for
COVID-19 testing has been expanded so as to include all those with symptomatic
influenza-like illness. The increased number of tests could have partly contributed
to the recent upsurge in the number of cases. In addition, the Government has
established over 600 COVID-19 dedicated facilities all over India; as a backup,
the Indian Railways have converted 375 coaches into isolation wards. All efforts
are being made to increase awareness about COVID-19 and its prevention via
print, broadcast, and social media.

Challenges That Lie in the Road Ahead

The biggest challenge in India’s fight against COVID-19 is the population, with
a population density that is almost 3 times that of China. The scenario is
potentially worse in urban slums where the population density may exceed more
than 250 000/km2, making social distancing impossible. As many as 140 million
people in India are migrant daily-wage laborers; with imposition of nationwide
lockdown, they are being forced to flock back to their villages without being able
to abide by government advisories of social distancing. Unfortunately, another
major hurdle in India’s struggle against COVID-19 has been the attitude and
action of some of the citizens; there have been occasional reports of civilians
hiding travel history in an attempt to escape quarantine and people participating
in otherwise forbidden massive religious gatherings. Although the health care
infrastructure has been urgently strengthened and nearly 2000 dedicated COVID-
19 facilities have been amassed all over the country over a short period of time,
the dearth of doctors cannot be made up overnight. India has just 0.8 doctors per
1000 population as against Italy’s 4.1, China’s 1.8, Spain’s 4.1, Iran’s 1.1 and the
United States’ 2.6.20 In addition, the eastern states of West Bengal and Odisha
have recently been hit by a super cyclone named Amphan that have wreaked
havoc in the 2 states. People stranded homeless by the natural calamity have been
rescued and placed in cyclone shelters where social distancing is practically not
possible.

14
Silver Lining in the Dark Clouds

Certain factors, although hypothetical, do favor a limited spread of COVID-19

pandemic in India, notably, the ambient tropical temperatures, malarial
endemicity, universal BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccination, and the age-
old Indian tradition of greeting by namaste as opposed to handshake. Of late,
COVID-19 kits are being produced in the country itself by more than one
manufacturer, thereby, reducing the cost of testing. Testing rates, though much
lower than the developed nations, are at par with the neighboring developing
countries, like Thailand, Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines, and Pakistan.10 In
addition, the proportion of people ≥70 years of age is only 3.3% in India, as
against 11.9% in China and 37.6% in Italy, thereby, one could expect overall
mortality rate to be low in India. Last, India is the largest producer (and supplier)
of hydroxychloroquine in the world, the drug that has been found to have some
benefit in COVID-19.Although some recent observational studies have found no
benefit of hydroxychloroquine,proper randomized controlled trials are lacking.
However, a recent study conducted among health care workers in India has
shown that prophylactic consumption of 4 or more maintenance doses of hydroxy
chloroquine was associated with a significant decline in the odds of getting
infected along with a favorable side effect profile.

India witnesses a rapid surge in the number of COVID-19 cases. Although the
nationwide lockdown has been able to decelerate the spread, the country’s ever-
increasing population, remarkably high population density and poor
socioeconomic conditions are major barriers in India’s battle against COVID-19.
However, the overall low case-fatality rate is reassuring. The Government of
India and the health care providers have been relentless in their efforts. The
citizens must also help support the fight against the pandemic by adhering to
government advisories of containment and social distancing.

15
 CHAPTER 5
INTERPRETATION OF THE
QUESTIONNAIRE

16
 ANALYSIS OF DATA COLLECTED

DEMOIGRAPHIC DERTAILS OF THE RESPONDENTS

1. Gender

Table showing gender of the respondents

S.NO GENDER NO OF RESPONDENTS

1 Female 21
2 Male 29
3 Prefer not to say Nil

Gender

0%
Female
42%
Male
58%
Prefer not to say

INTERPRETATION:

From the above pie diagram:

 42 % of the respondents are female.

 58 % of the respondents are male.
Based on the data collected, we can understand that the no. of male respondents are more
than that of the female respondents.

17
2. Age

Table Showing the Age ofthe Respondents

S.NO AGE NO OF RESPONDENTS
1 18-25 5
2 26-35 35
3 35 and above 10

Age Group of the Respondents

10%
20%
18-25
26-35
35 and above

70%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above pie diagram we can say that:

 10% of Respondents age between 18-25

 70% Respondents age between 26-35
 20% of Respondents age above 36.

18
3. Occupation

Table showing occupation of the respondents

S.NO OCCUPATION NO OF RESPONDENTS

1 Student 5
2 Employee 28
3 Business 10
4 House wives 7

Occupation

6% 11% Student
22%
Employee
Business
61% House wives

INTERPRETATION:

In the survey :

 10 % are students
 56 % are employees
 20 % are businessman
 14 % are house wives.
So we can understand that no of employees are more compared to others as the project is
related to the work life of the workers working in different industrial sectors.

19
4. Employment Status

Table showing Employment status of the respondents

S.NO Employment status NO OF RESPONDENTS

1 Employed 22.2
2 Unemployed 26.7

3 Prefer not to say Nil

Employment Status Prior to Pandemic

Employed Unemployed Prefer not to say

4%

20%

76%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above pie diagram:

 76 % of the respondents are employed.

 20 % of the respondents are unemployed.
 4 % of the respondents preferred not to say .
So we can understand that the no. of employed respondents exceeded the number of
Unemployed prior to Pandemic. Whereas the Pandemic has turned the work life up-side
down, now the scenario is exactly opposite.

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5.Loss of Employment
Table showing how the Pandemic has resulted in loss of employment during Pandemic.

S.NO Loss of Employment NO OF

RESPONDENTS
1 Employed 32
2 Unemployed 13
3 Prefer not to say 5

Loss of Employment during Pandemic

Employment Unemployment Prefer not to say

4%

28%

68%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above pie diagram:

 64 % of the respondents are employed.

 26% of the respondents are unemployed.
 10 % of the respondents preferred not to say.
So we can interpret that there is considerable impact on the level of employment. Due to
pandemic many people has lost their jobs. The percentage of number of people in
employment has decreased to 64% during Pandemic which was 76% prior to Pandemic.

21
6.In your opinion do you think there is an impact before and after the Covid-19
outbreak? If yes, in which Industrial sectors?
Table showing impact of covid19 in various industrial sectors

S.NO NAME OF THE NO OF RESPONDENTS

SECTORS
1 Transport 5
2 IT 8
3 Tourism 11
4 Manufacturing 6
5 Agriculture 4
6 All of these 16

Impact of Pandemic
All of these 16

Agriculture 4

Manufacturing 6

Tourism 11

IT 8

Transport 5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Impact of Pandemic

From the above bar graph we can analyze that according to the respondents the most of
affected sectors are

IT sector with 16 %

22
Tourism sector with 22 %

Transport sector with 10 %

Manufacturing Sector with 12%

Agricultural Sector with 8%

All of the above sectors with 32%

So we can understand that Agricultural sector and transport sectors are the least affected
compare to other sectors. Whereas Tourism was the most effected sector and it continue
to be most affected sector till today.

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ScenerioBefore Pandemic

1.Did you face any problem in agriculture and allied activity prior to Pandemic?
Table showing whether problems faced in agriculture and allied activity prior to
Pandemic.

S.NO Whether problems faced in agriculture and NO. OF

allied activity prior to Pandemic. RESPONDENTS

1 Yes 20
2 No 10
3 Not Applicable 20

whether Problem faced In agriculture & allied

Industry

Not aplicable 20
No 10
Yes 20
0 5 10 15 20 25

whether Problem faced In agriculture & allied industry

So we can understand from the above graph that the 40% of the Respondents working in
agriculture and allied sector stated that they faced problems in their work prior to
Pandemic, while 20 % who are usually into Allied activities stated that they did not face
much problem in their employment prior to Pandemic.

24
2.What were the problems faced by the respondents in the agriculture and allied
industries?

S.NO Problems Faced NO OF RESPONDENTS

1 Problem in procurement of seeds and 15
fertilizers on time
2 Scarcity of agricultural labour 9
3 Lack of support from Government 14

4 Others 12

Problem faced by Respondents

Problem in procurment of seeds

and fertilizers on time
24% 30% Scarcity of agriculture labour

Lack of support from

28% government
18%
Other

 INTERPRETATION

From the above pie chart we can analyze that out of total 50 respondents are involved in
agricultural activities because of the major problems face in procurement of seeds and
fertilizers, lack of support from the government and other major problems. India being a
labour intensive country , they did not face problem related to availability of labour prior
to Pandemic.

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3.For workers/employees other than in Agriculture Industry, what problems did you
face at workplace?

S.NO Problems Faced NO OF

RESPONDENTS
1 Problem in reporting to workplace on 15
time
2 Increased transportation cost 19
3 Maintaining work life balance 10
4 Others 6

Work environment
Problem in reporting to
workplace on time
Increased transportation
cost
Maintaining work life
balance

 INTERPRETATION

From the above pie chart we can analyze that out of total 50 respondents only 30 %
respondents faced problem in reporting to work place on time,38% of the respondents
stated that they face problem due to increased transportation cost.20% of the workers/
employees faced difficulties in maintaining work life balance prior to Pandemic and 12 %
faced other problems.

26
4.What were the problems faced by the respondents in the manufacturing Industry in
meeting the growing demand?

S.NO Problems Faced NO OF RESPONDENTS

1 Lack of Raw Material 10
2 Lack of Skilled labour 15
3 Lack of Infrastructure 20

4 Others 5

Work problem faced by manufacting

industry

Lack of raw material

Lack of skill labour
Lack of Infrastructure
Other

 INTERPRETATION

Based on the study conducted we interpret that out of total 50 respondents 20% faced
problem in procurement of Raw material. 30% face problem due to non-availability of
skilled labour.40 % of the Respondents stated that they faced problem due to lack of
infrastructure facilities.10% stated they faced other problems in increasing their
manufacturing capacity.

27
5.How can these Industries be normalized as it was prior to covid-19 outbreak?

Table showing the suggestions to normalize the situation

S.N SUGGESTIONS NO OF
O RESPONDENTS

1 By frequently Sanitizing 5
2 By providing masks to the workers 5
3 By maintaining social distancing 5
4 By getting vaccinated 5
5 All the above 30

Suggestions to normalize the situation

By frequently Sanitizing

By providing masks to the

workers
By maintaining social distancing

By getting vaccinated

 INTERPRETATION

28
 From the above pie chart we can analyze that maximum of the respondents opted all the
above together option which amount to 60 % where this indicate that following all the
precautionary measures simultaneously would help to overcome the pandemic.

SCENERIO DURING PANDEMIC

1. What were the problems faced by the respondents in the agriculture and allied
industries during Pandemic?

S.NO Problems Faced NO OF RESPONDENTS

1 Scarcity of agricultural 12
labour
2 Selling perishable goods at 14
low price
3 Lack of support from 20
Government

4 Others 4

Problem faced by agriculture & allied

industry
Scarcity of agricultural
labour
Selling perishable goods at
low price
Lack of support from
government
Other

 INTERPRETATION

29
 Based on our survey we can interpret that during pandemic there was high scarcity in
availability of agricultural labour and the poor farmers had to sell their agricultural
produce at low price and had to bear huge losses.The reach of the government schemes
are not upto the expectations.

2. What support you are expecting from the government?

S.NO Support from the NO OF

Government RESPONDENTS
1 Regular supply of 15
agriculture input
2 Continues access to 12
market
3 Better Infrastructure 10
facilities
4 Minimum support 6
price
5 Others 7

Support from government

Regular supply og agriculture input Continues access to market

Better infrastructure facilities Minimum support price
Other

 INTERPRETATION

30
From the above pie chart we can analyze that the government should have provided
facilities regarding supply of raw material and proper infrastructure facility. Lockdown
during pandemic has impacted the market reach which has resulted in losses to all the
industries. In agriculture sector government provides Minimum support price but how
much it reaches the poor and small farmers is a big question.

3. What are the major discrepancies faced by the workers during pandemic?

S.NO Problems Faced NO OF RESPONDENTS

1 Compensation issues 10
2 Gaps in workers 16
expectation
3 Work pressure from the 20
higher authorities

4 Mental health issue 4

Discripancies faced by workers

8%
18%

41%
33%

Compensation issues Gaps in workers expectation

Work pressure from the higher authorithies Mental heath issue

 INTERPRETATION

31
The respondents opine that they faced problems like compensation issue,gaps in workers
expectation, work pressure from the higher authorities,mental health also get effected
during the pandemic.

4. In your opinion, which of these sectors has no job security?

Table showing less job security in various sectors

S.NO SECTORS NO OF
RESPONDENTS
1 Transport 13
2 IT 7
3 Tourism 8
4 Manufacturing 6
5 Entertainment 5
6 All of these 11

Sectors having less job security

Transport
22% 26%
IT
Hospitality
10% Manufacturing
14% Entertainment
12%
16% All of these

32
INTERPRETATION

From the above pie chart we can analyze that almost all the sectors has less job security
due to the impact of covid19 outbreak .So we can interpret that transport, IT and
hospitality are the most affected ones compared to others.

5. According to you, how the affected sectors can overcome the losses?

Table showing suggestions of the respondents

S.NO SUGGESTIONS NO .OF

RESPONDENTS
1 Engaging and deploying the workers to
work efficiently 10

2 Managing related optimization 10

3 Continuing the health-care benefits 10
4 All of these 20

whether Problem faced In agriculture & allied

Industry

All of these 20
Continuing the health care benefits 10
Optimizations 10
Engaging and Deploying the workers to work
10
efficiently
0 5 10 15 20 25

Suggestions of the respondents regarding how to overcome the losses due to Pandemic

33
 Based on the response of the respondents we can say that the losses due to Pandemic can
be overcome by following all the available options based on the size and area of
operation. The Organisations can overcome losses by retaining the experienced
employees by providing health care benefits,optimization of available resources and by
encouraging the workers to work with lot of care and attention.

6. What helped you to cope up with psychological and emotional impact of the
pandemic?

S.NO RESPONSIBILITIES NO .OF

RESPONDENTS
1 Developing new skill 15
2 Regular work out 10
3 Spending quality time with family and friend 15
4 Other 10

how to cope from pyschological and emotional

effects of Pandemic?

Developing new skill

5%
13% 20%
Spending quality time with family
and friends
Regularly work outs and healthy
diet
62% Other

Interpretation.

The Pandemic has given us ample time to sit back and reflect and this has immensely
effected the persons psychologically and emotionally.The respondents believe that the
effect can be overcome by developing new skills, regular workouts , spending quality

34
time with the family .Most of the employees consider that spending quality time with the
family can help us to overcome the effects of Pandemic

7. During the pandemic, are the employee paid as company promised?

S.NO Whether problems faced in agriculture and NO .OF

allied activity prior to Pandemic. RESPONDENTS

1 Yes 20
2 No 10
3 Not applicable 20

whether Problem faced In agriculture & allied

industry

Not applicable 20

No 10

Yes 20

0 5 10 15 20 25

whether Problem faced In agriculture & allied industry

So we can understand from the above graph that the 40% of the Respondents working in
agriculture and allied sector stated that they faced problems in their work prior to
Pandemic, while 20 % who are usually into Allied activities stated that they did not face
much problem in their employment prior to Pandemic.

35
8.Table showing the choice of respondents to work or not to work

S.NO PREFERRABLE CHOICES NO. OF

RESPONDENTS

1 To work 21
2 To take a paid leave 9
3 To take a break irrespective of work type 10
4 By working on alternate days 10

choice of the respondents during pandemic

outbreak

To work
24%
To take a paid leave

55% 10% To take a break irrespective of

leave type
11% by working alternate days

INTERPRETATION

From the above pie chart we can analyze that 20 % of respondents preferred working on
alternate days due to pandemic outbreak to minimize the spread of covid19.

36
9. What are the major discrepancies faced by the workers during the pandemic?

Table showing discrepancies faced by the employees

S.NO DISCREPANCIES FACED NO. OF

RESPONDENTS

1 Compensation issues 20
2 Gaps in workers expectation 5
3 Work pressure from higher authorities 10
4 Mental health issues 15

Discrepancies faced by the workers

30%
40%

20%
10%

Compensation issues Gaps in workers expectation

work pressure from higher authorities Mental health issues

INTERPRETATION

37
 From the above pie chart we can analyze that the most of the workers and employees are
facing work pressure from higher authorities along with serious mental health issues.

10. In your opinion, which of these sectors has no job security?

Table showing less job security in various sectors

S.NO SECTORS NO. OF

RESPONDENTS
1 Transport 5
2 IT 5
3 Hospitality 5
4 Manufacturing 5
5 Entertainment 5
6 All of these 25

Sectors having less job security

10%
Transport
10%
IT
Hospitality
50% 10%
Manufacturing
Entertainment
10%
All of these
10%

INTERPRETATION

38
 From the above pie chart we can analyze that almost all the sectors has less job security
due to the impact of covid19 outbreak .The pandemic has effected the working patterns
immensely.

11. According to you, how the affected sectors can overcome the losses?

Table showing suggestions of the respondents

S.NO SUGGESTIONS NO OF % of Respondents

RESPONDENTS
1 Engaging and deploying 20
the workers to work
efficiently

2 Managing related 15
optimization
3 Continuing the health-care 5
benefits
4 All of these 10

Suggestions from the respondents

All of these

Continuing the health-…

Managing related… Suggestions from the

respondents
Engaging and…

0 50 100

INTERPRETATION

39
 From the above Bar graph we can analyze that most of the respondents
had suggested continuing the health care benefits, managing related
optimization and engaging and deploying the workers to work efficiently
to overcome the losses.

12. Which sectors has affected the most in GDP?

Table showing effect on country’s GDP

S.NO SECTORS AFFECTED NO OF

RESPONDENTS

1 Transport 12
2 IT 5
3 Hospitality 18
4 Manufacturing 8
5 Entertainment 2

Sectors affecting GDP

4%

Transport
18% 27%
IT
Hospitality
11% Manufacturing
40% Entertainment

INTERPRETATION

From the above pie chart we can analyze that according to 36% of
respondents choose for Hospitality sector, 24 % of respondents choose

40
for Transport sector and 16 % of respondents choose for manufacturing
sector as these three sectors are the more affected on country’s GDP
compared to IT and Entertainment sector.

13. How can these Industries be normalized as it was prior to covid-19 outbreak?

Table showing the suggestions to normalize the situation

S.NO SUGGESTIONS NO OF
RESPONDENTS
1 By frequently Sanitizing 13
2 By providing masks to the workers 18
3 By maintaining social distancing 9
4 By getting vaccinated 10

SUGGESTIONS TO NORMALIZE THE SITUATION

20%
26%
By frequently Sanitizing
By providing masks to the workers
By maintaining social distancing
18%
By getting vaccinated

36%

INTERPRETATION

41
 From the above pie chart we can analyze that maximum of the
respondents opted all the options in which 20% respondents opt for
getting vaccinated first to normalize the current situation and minimize
the spread of novel corona virus.
14. Did you take Vaccination?
S.NO SUGGESTIONS NO OF
RESPONDENTS
1 Yes 85

2 No 15

Sales

15%

Yes
No

85%

INTERPRETATION

42
From the above pie chart we can analyze that the maximum of
respondents have taken covid-19 vaccination and remaining of them has
responded that they will be soon going to take the vaccination.

43
15. Is your organization educating you about the benefits of vaccination?
SUGGESTIONS NO OF
RESPONDENTS
1 Yes 95
2 No 5

organization educating about

vaccination

Yes
No

INTERPRETATION
From the above pie we can analyze that 95% of organization had been
conducted a different types of educating programs to aware their
employees about the benefits of vaccination.

44
 CHAPTER – 6
Findings, Suggestions &Conclusion

45
6.1 findings of the study:
 For our research on work-life of industrial sectors before and
during pandemic 58% male has responded and 42% of female has
responded.
 From the study of work life of industrial sector we found that
tourism industry suffered a lot due to covid-19 outbreak.
 We found that majority of agriculture and allied sector has faced
problems in their employment prior to pandemic, nearly 40% of
who had to face problem.
 Problems related to agriculture where the problem in procurement
of seeds and fertilizers on time due to lockdown in all over India
 The second major problem related to agriculture sector was lack of
support from government.
 The major discrepancies faced by the workers during pandemic
was the work pressure from the higher authorities
 The transport sector had a very less job security in the pandemic of
covid-19
 The most of the workers and employees has not received their
salaries as promised by the companies.
 During the pandemic they received less amount of salary compared
to situation prior to pandemic outbreak.

46
6.2 Suggestions:
The various industrial sectors can overcome the impact of the Pandemic
by following the below mentioned suggestions:
1. In the rapidly changing world the pandemic has halted the growth
of various industries such Industries can overcome their
shortcoming by effectively utilizing the available resources.
2. The can employ remote working policies and encourage workers
to adopt Work from home culture.
3. The Sectors which cannot adopt work from home culture can
work from the premises by taking stringent precautionary
measures.
4. The industries should undertake mass vaccination drive.
5. The industries should undertake frequent sanitization of the work
premises.
6. Regular health checkup of the workers and employees should be
conducted.
7. The awareness camps should be organized frequently in order to
make the workers and employees aware of the variants of the
virus and their symptoms.
8. The industries can shift to sectors and produce products that are in
high demand in order to sustain in such tough circumstances.

47
6.3 Conclusion:

From the study “COMPARITIVE STUDY OF WORK-LIFE OF

EMPLOYEES WORKING IN VARIOUS SECTORSDURING
PANDAMIC” It can be concluded that the most of the industrial sector
had to face economy loss due to covid-19 when there was lockdown all
over India the industries were closed for a long time so there was no
manufacture of good and there was a lack of labors in every industry.
The was also not getting a proper employment in the pandemic and
many of them got unemployed due to covid-19 the employees who were
employed they also received a very less amount of salary. Tourism
sector has to face a large number of losses due to lockdown and
everyone was at their home and the second sector was the transport. Due
to pandemic the employees who were in transport sector had no jobs and
job security was also vey less in this sector. We also found that later
these industries has also supported their employees by providing them
work from home job and paying a salary for their work on time and they
also organized some educational awareness about the benefits of covid-
19.

48
QUESTIONNAIRE

49
 ANNEXURE

QUESTIONNAIRE: COMPARITIVE STUDY OF WORK-LIFE OF INDUSTRIAL

SECTOR’S BEFORE AND DURING PANDAMIC

Personal details:

Name: Age:
Gender: Occupation:

1. Are you currently employed? *

 Yes
 No

2. Were you laid-off due to pandemic*

 Yes
 No
 Maybe

3. In your opinion do you think there is an impact before and during the Covid-19
pandemic? If yes, in which Industrial sectors? *

 Transport sector
 IT sector
 Hospitality sector
 Manufacturing sector
 Entertainment sector
 Other

50
 Before pandemic:

4. Did you face any problem in agriculture & allied activities before pandemic?*
 Yes
 No

5. If yes, what were the problem you face? *

 Problem of procuring seeds and fertilizers on time
 Scarcity of agriculture labour
 Lack of adequate support from the government
 Other

6. Did you faced any problem at workplace? *

 Reporting to work on time
 Increased transportation cost
 Maintaining work –life balance
 Other

7. What are the problem faced by manufacturing industry in meeting the growing
demand? *
 Lack of raw material
 Lack of skill labour
 Lack of infrastructure
 Other

8. How can these Industries be normalized as it was prior to covid-19 outbreak? *

 By frequently Sanitizing
 By providing masks to the workers
 By maintaining social distancing
 By getting vaccinated

51
 During Pandemic:

9. What all challenges you have faced in agriculture and allied sector?
 Scarcity of labour
 Selling perishable goods at lower price
 Lack of government support
 Other

10. What kind of support are you expecting from the government*
 Regular supply of agricultural input
 Continuous access to market
 Better infrastructure facilities
 Increase in minimum support price
 Other

11. What are the major discrepancies faced by the workers during the pandemic? *
 Compensation issues
 Gaps in workers expectations
 Work pressure from the higher authorities
 Mental health issues

12. In your opinion, which of these sectors has no job security? *

 Transport sector
 IT sector
 Hospitality sector
 Entertainment sector
 Manufacturing sector
 All of these

13. According to you, how the affected sectors can overcome the losses? *
 Engaging and deploying the workers to work efficiently
 Managing related optimization
 Continuing the health-care benefits
 All of these

52
14. What helped you to cope up with psychological and emotional impact of the
pandemic? *
 Developing new skill
 Regular work out
 Spending quality time with family and friends
 Other

15. During the pandemic, are the employees paid as company promised? *
 Yes
 No
 Pay hiked
 Reduce

16. Are you satisfied with COVID-19 safety measure undertaken by organization? *
 Yes
 No

17. How is your organization handling HR and payroll issue? *

 Closing businesses for period of time
 Retrenching temporary employees without pay
 Allowing employees to avail sick leave
 Others, Please Specify_____________________________.

18. What kind of support are you expecting from government*

 Job security
 Incentive
 More welfare measured from government and employer
 If any other, please Specify_________________________.

53
WEBILOGRAPHY

54
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342916567_Impact_of_COVID19_on_In
dustries

• https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/covid-lockdowns-
howllthey-play-out-for-different-sectors/articleshow/82195579.cms

• https://clutch.co/hr/resources/employee-health-affected-by-covid-19

• https://www.ecpi.edu/blog/good-things-about-being-a-chef-10-benefits-to-
thisprofession

• https://www.pwc.com/mt/en/publications/humanresources/covid-19-
workforcechallenges/covid-19-workforce-challenges-and-tips-business-
continuity.html

• https://hr.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/hyderabad-cab-drivers-
out-ofbusiness-due-to-covid-19-pandemic/78588345

• https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/coronavirus/sectoral/lang--en/index.htm

• https://ckclinical.co.uk/candidates/career-zone/work-place-advice/working-from-
homevs-working-from-the-office/

• https://airlines.iata.org/news/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-aviation

• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344558109_THE_IMPACT_OF_COVI
D-19

55
 LIST OF RESPONDENTS

S.nso Name Place

1 AakanaAvinash Hyderabad

2 Aijaz Ahmed Hyderabad

3 Santosh Kumar Hyderabad

4 Vineeth Sharma Hyderabad

5 Samon Samuel Hyderabad

6 Murthy Arjun Hyderabad

7 GreeshmaDolui Hyderabad

10 Sai Charan Kumar Hyderabad

11 PriyankaPramanick Hyderabad

12 Sreeja Vishal Hyderabad

13 Lokeshkumar Hyderabad

14 Rani Bhavani Hyderabad

15 Bhavana Trivedi Hyderabad

16 Nishita Gupta Hyderabad

17 Divya Chary Hyderabad

56
18 Rahul Agarwal Hyderabad

19 B. Karthik Hyderabad

20 Pritesh Das Hyderabad

21 Surya Chandra Hyderabad

22 Sahaja Hyderabad

23 Raza Hyderabad

24 Amritha Hyderabad

25 Monika Hyderabad

26 Aafia Hyderabad

27 Chandana Hyderabad

28 Rahgu Hyderabad

29 B.Swathi Hyderabad

30 Mohan krishna Hyderabad

31 J. Vinay kumar Hyderabad

32 K. Monika Hyderabad

33 Gopu Venkatesh Hyderabad

34 Niharika Sharma Hyderabad

35 Amani Hyderabad

57
36 Reshab Hyderabad

37 Upendra Hyderabad

38 M Sai Kumar Hyderabad

39 Urmi Hyderabad

40 Varun Kumar Hyderabad

41 Dasari Gopi Hyderabad

42 Kuldeep Hyderabad

43 Joanna Hyderabad

44 Nagamani Hyderabad

45 Mourya Hyderabad

46 Sharan Hyderabad

47 TumpaDas Hyderabad

48 Pallavi Rathi Hyderabad

49 Raghu Hyderabad

50 Preeti Sharma Hyderabad

58