‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫َ ْ َ‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪َ ‬‬
‫َٔ‬ ‫َٔ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ََ ّ‬ ‫ٔ ِ ّ‬
‫ِ ِ ُِ ٍ‬ ‫َّ َ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َّ ٔ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ )‪١ - ٩٣‬‬
‫‪ ١٧٩‬ـ(‬ ‫؛‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫« ِ ٕ ِ‬ ‫)‪» (٧‬‬
‫ْ َْ ّ‬ ‫ْ َ َْ‬ ‫َ َ ْ َ َّ‬ ‫َّ ِ َٔ ْ‬
‫‪ ‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫‪ ٢٤١ -١٦٤‬ـ(‬
‫ِ ) ـ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ِ؛‬ ‫َ ِٔ َْ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َْ‬
‫َّ ِ َ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ َ َُ ِ‬ ‫« ِ ٕ ِ‬ ‫)‪» (٨‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َْ ْ‬ ‫َّ َّ ِ ِّ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ ٔ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َْ‬
‫)‪ ١٨١‬ـ‪ ٢٥٥ -‬ـ(‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ؛‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫« ِ ٕ ِ‬ ‫)‪»(٩‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ِ ِ َ ‪َ ِ َ ‬‬
‫اﻵ َﺛ ِﺎر‬ ‫ﺐ اﳌ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ و ﻵ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫اﻷووا ِ ِ ِﻣﻦ ﻛُﺘ ُ ِ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻷ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﳓ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﲒ‬ ‫ﻜﺒ‬
‫ﻜ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺎﻲﺑ‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻣ ْﺴﺘ ٌﻞ ِﻣ ْ‬
‫ﻦ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َِ‬ ‫ُ َ ّ‬
‫َ‬ ‫‪َ َ َ‬‬
‫َ َّ َ ُ َ َ َّ َ َ َْ‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫ْ‬
‫اﻟ ّ َ ْ ة ُاﻷ ُو َ ‪ ١٤٣٣٩‬ﻫـ‬
‫َ‬
 ‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬ ‫َ‬

‫َ ْ َ‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫َٔ‬ ‫َٔ‬
‫َ ّ‬ ‫ٔ ِ ّ‬ ‫َّ َ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َّ ٔ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َ ِ ِ )‪ ١٧٩ - ٩٣٣‬ـ(‬ ‫ِ ِ ُِ ٍ‬ ‫؛‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫« ِ ٕ ِ‬ ‫)‪» (٧‬‬
‫ْ َْ ّ‬ ‫ْ َ َْ‬ ‫َ َ ْ َ َّ‬ ‫َّ ِ َٔ ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫‪ ٢٤١ -١٦‬ـ(‬‫ِ )‪ ٤‬ـ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ِ؛‬ ‫َ ِٔ َْ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َْ‬
‫َّ ِ َ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ ِ‬ ‫ِ َ َُ ِ‬ ‫« ِ ٕ ِ‬ ‫)‪» (٨‬‬
‫)‪ ١٨٨١‬ـ‪ ٢٥٥ -‬ـ(‬ ‫ِّ‬ ‫َْ ْ‬ ‫ّ ّ َ ِ ِّ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫ٍ؛‬
‫َّ‬
‫ِ ِ‬
‫َ ٔ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫« ِ ٕ ِ‬ ‫)‪»(٩‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﻣ ْﺴﺘ ٌﻞ ِﻣ ْ‬

‫اﻷوا ِ ِ ِﻣﻦ ﻛُﺘ ُ ِ‬
‫ﺘﺐ اﳌ ِﺪﻳ ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ واﻵ َﺛﺎ ِﺎر‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ا‬
‫ِ ِ َ َ ِ َ‬‫و‬ ‫اﻷ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﳓ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﲒ‬ ‫ﻜﺒ‬
‫ﻜ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﻲﺑ‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫َِ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫‪َ َ  َ‬‬ ‫ُ َ ّ‬
‫َ َّ َ ُ َ َ َّ َ َ َْ‬
‫‪:‬‬

‫ْ‬
‫اﻟ ّ َ ْ ة ُاﻷ ُو َ ‪ ١٤٣٣٩‬ﻫـ‬
‫َ‬
 ‫‪١‬‬

‫﷽‪‬‬

‫‪    ‬‬

‫ـﺤﺒِ ِﻪ ا ْﻟﻜِ َـﺮا ِم‪,‬‬ ‫ٍ ِ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َـﻼ ُم َﻋ َﻠـﻰ َﺧ ْﻴـﺮِ ا ﹾﻷﹶ َﻧَـﺎ ِم‪ُ ,‬ﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤـﺪ َوآﻟـﻪ َو َﺻ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ َـﻼ ُة َو ﱠ‬ ‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ِم‪َ ,‬و ﱠ‬ ‫ا ْﻟ َﺤ ْﻤﺪُُ ﻟِ ﱠﻠ ِﻪ َﻋ َﻠﻰ ْ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ا ْﻟﺤـ ِﺪ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ﹺ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ‬ ‫َو َﺑ ْﻌﺪُُ ; َﻫـٰ َٰﺬا ُﺟﺰْْ ٌء ُﻣ ْﺴ َﺘ ﱞَﻞ ﻣ ْﻦ ﻛ َﺘَﺎﺑِﻲ ا ْﻟ َﻜﺒِﻴﺮِ ﻓﻲ َﺟ ْﻤ ِﻊ ْاﻷَ َواﺋ ِﻞ ﹶﻭ ﹾاﻷﹶ ﹶﻭاﺧ ﹺﺮ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨَ َﺪَ ات‪ ,‬ﻣـ ْﻦ ُﻛ ُﺘُـ ِ َ‬
‫ات‪َ −‬ﻳ ﱠﺴ َﺮ اﷲُ إِ ْﻛ َﻤﺎ َﻟ ُﻪ َو َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌ ُﻪ َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﺧ ْﻴﺮٍ‪َ ,‬و َﻧ َﻔ َﻊ ﺑِ ِﻪ ا ْﻟﺒِ َﻼ َد َوا ْﻟ ِﻌ َﺒﺎ َد‪.−‬‬ ‫ﺎر ا ْﻟﻤﻌ َﺘَﻤﺪََ ِ‬
‫ﹶﻭ ﹾاﻵ ﹶﺛ ﹺ ُ ْ َ‬
‫اﺟ ِﻪ َر َﺟﺎ َء َﻧ ْﻔ ِﻊ إِ ْﺧ َﻮاﻧِﻲ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻃ َﻠ َﺒ ِﺔ ا ْﻟ ِﻌ ْﻠـ ِﻢ اﻟ ﱡﻨﱡـ َﺒ َﻼ ِء‪َ ,‬و ِﻗ َﺮا َءﺗِ َﻬـﺎ َﻋ َﻠـﻰ ا ْﻟ َﻤ َﺸـﺎﻳِﺦِِ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻓِﻲ إِ ْﺧ َﺮ ِ‬ ‫َو َﻗ ْﺪْ َﺗ َﻌ ﱠﺠ ْﻠ ُ‬
‫ﻂ َواﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻔﺘِ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺶ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻀﺒ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺶ‪ ,‬وﺣ ْﺮ ًﺻﺎ َﻋ َﻠﻰ ﱠ ْ‬
‫ش واﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻘ ِﻤ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟ ُﻔ َﻀ َﻼء‪ ,‬ﹶﺑ ﹶﺪﹶ ﹰﻻ ﻣ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﺠ ْﻤ ِﻊ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺸ ﱠﻮ ِ َ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ِﻬ َﻴﺮ ِة‪َ ,‬و ِﻫ َﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ﱠﺘ ِﺔ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺐ ﱢ‬ ‫آﺧﺮِ ْاﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ ِ‬‫وﻫ َﺬا ْاﻟﺠ ْﺰء ْاﺷ َﺘﻤ َﻞ ﻋ َﻠﻰ َأو ِل و ِ‬
‫ﱠ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ُ ُ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫ﻴﺢ ُﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ٍﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ ْاﻟ ُﺒ َﺨ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪َ − ٢‬ﺻﺤ ُ‬ ‫ي‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎر ﱢ‬ ‫‪َ − ١‬ﺻﺤ ُ‬
‫ي‪.‬‬ ‫‪ −٤‬ﺟ ِﺎﻣﻊ ﱢ ِ ِ‬ ‫‪ُ − ٣‬ﺳﻨَ ُﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َد ُاو َد‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺘ ْﺮﻣﺬ ﱢ‬ ‫َ ُ‬
‫ﺎﺟ ْﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ُ −٦‬ﺳﻨَ ُﻦ ْاﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ َ‬ ‫‪ُ −٥‬ﺳﻨَ ُﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ ْﺴﺎﺋِ ﱢﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻦ‪َ ,‬و ِﻫ َﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ‪َ ,‬ﻗ ْﺪ َأ ْﻟ َﺤ َﻘ َﻬﺎ َﺑ ْﻌ ُﺾ ْاﻟ ُﻤ َﻌﺎﺻﺮِ َ‬ ‫ﺖ إِ َﻟ ْﻴ َﻬﺎ َﺛ َﻼ َﺛ َﺔ ُﻛ ُﺘ ٍ‬ ‫َو َﻗ ْﺪ َأ َﺿ ْﻔ ُ‬
‫‪ُ −٨‬ﻣ ْﺴ َﻨ ُﺪ َأ ْﺣ َﻤ َﺪ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺣﻨْ َﺒ ٍﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ْﻴﺜِ ﱢﻲ[‪.‬‬ ‫ﻚ ] ِر َو َاﻳ ُﺔ‪َ :‬ﻳ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ ﱠ‬ ‫‪ −٧‬ﻣﻮ ﱠﻃ ُﺄ ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬
‫َُ َ‬
‫اﻟﺪ ِار ِﻣ ﱢﻲ‪.‬‬‫‪ُ −٩‬ﻣ ْﺴﻨَ ُﺪ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎظ; َﻛَـﺎ ْﺑ ِﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻘ ْﻴ َﺴ َـﺮاﻧِ ﱢﻲ‬
‫ُـﺐ اﻟﺴـ ﱠﺘ ِﱠﺔ( ﻣ َﺘَﺎﺑﻌـ ًﺔ ﻟِ ْﻠﻤ َﺘ َﻘـ ﱢﺪﱢ ِﻣﻴﻦ ِﻣـﻦ ا ْﻟﺤ ﱠﻔـ ِ‬
‫َ َ ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُ ََ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋ َﻠـﻰ ُﻣ ْﺼـ َﻄ َﻠ ِﺢِ )ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ ِ ﱢ‬ ‫َو َﺣﺎ َﻓ ْﻈ ُ‬
‫واﻟـﺬ َﻫﺒِ ﱢﻲ ﻓِـﻲ َﺗ ْﺴـ ِﻤ َﻴ ِﺔ‬ ‫ـﺰﱢي‪ ,‬ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ـﻲ‪َ ,‬وا ْﺑ ِ‬
‫ـﻦ ُﻧ ْﻘ َﻄـ َﺔَ‪ ,‬وا ْﻟﻤ ﱢ ﱢ‬ ‫ﱢ‬
‫‪ −‬وﻫﻮ َأو ُل ﻣ ِﻦ اﺻ َﻄ َﻠﺤﻪ‪ ,−‬واﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺴﺎﻛِﺮ‪ ,‬وﻋﺒ ِﺪ ا ْﻟ َﻐَﻨ ِ‬
‫َ ُ َ ﱠ َ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َْ‬
‫اﻹﺳﻨَ ِ‬
‫ﺎد‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﺑِ َﻬﺎ‪ ,‬ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﻫ ِﻞ ْ ِ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎر َﻫﺎ ا ْﻟ َﻮاﺳ ِﻊ‪َ ,‬و ْاﻫﺘ َﻤﺎ ِم ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻌﺎﺻﺮِ َ‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ,‬و َزَ ِد ﱡت َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻬﺎ َﻫ ِﺬ ِه اﻟ ﱠﺜ َﻼﺛ َﺔ; ِﻻ ْﻧﺘِ َﺸ ِ‬‫َﻫ ِﺬ ِه ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ ِ‬
‫ﻴﻖ و ﱢ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُﺐ اﻟ ﱢﺘ ْﱢﺴ َﻌ َﺔ(‪.‬‬‫اﻟﺪﱢ َر َاﻳﺔ‪َ ,‬و ُر َﺑ َﻤﺎ َﺳ ﱠﻤ ْﻮ َﻫﺎ )ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ َو َاﻳﺔ‪َ ,‬و َأ ْﻫ ِﻞ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﺤﻘ ِ َ‬ ‫َو ﱢ‬
‫وﺣﺎﺗِ َﻬﺎ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﻌ َﺘ ََﻤــﺪََ ِة‪,‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻫـ ِﺬ ِه ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘـﺐ ﻋ َﻠـﻰ ُأﺻـﻮﻟِﻬﺎ ا ْﻟ َﺨَ ﱢﻄﻴـ ِﺔ اﻟﻨﱠ ِﱠﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺴــﺔ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺘ َﻴ ﱠﺴـ َـﺮة‪َ ,‬و ُﺷـ ُﺮ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َو َﻗـ ْﺪْ َﻗﺎ َﺑ ْﻠـ ُ َ‬
‫ـﺎت ا ﱠﻟ َﺘَـﻲ َﻟ َﻬـﺎ َو ْﺟ َﻬ ِ‬ ‫ـﺾ ا ْﻟ َﻜ َِﻠﻤ ِ‬ ‫َو َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌﺎﺗِ َﻬﺎ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺘ َﻌﺪﱢﱢ َد ِة‪َ ,‬و َﺿ َﺒ ْﻄ ُ‬
‫ـﺎن‪,‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺖ َﺑ ْﻌ َ‬ ‫ـﺤ ُ‬ ‫ﻮﺻ َﻬﺎ َﺣ ْﺮ ًﻓﺎ َﺣ ْﺮ ًﻓﺎ‪َ ,‬و َو ﱠﺿ ْ‬ ‫ﺖ ُﻧ ُُﺼ َ‬
‫ـﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻔ َﻮاﺋِـ ِﺪ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ َﺑ ْﻌ َﺾ ا ْﻟﻌ َﺒ َﺎرات ا ْﻟ َﻐﺎﻣ َﻀـﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﻧ َﺜ ْـﺮ ُت َﺷـ ْﻴ ًﺌًﺎ ﻣ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ َو ِاة‪َ ,‬و َﻓ َﻜ ْﻜ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﺖ َﻣﺎ ُأ ْﺷﻜ َﻞ ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﺳ َﻤﺎء ﱡ‬ ‫اﺟ ْﻌ ُ‬ ‫َو َر َ‬
 ‫‪٢‬‬

‫ﺖ َﻣـﺎ‬‫ـﺎر‪َ ,−‬و َأ ْﺛ َﺒـ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺪة ِاﻻ ْﺧﺘِ َﺼـﺎ ِ‬

‫ُﺐ ﻋ َﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ َﺗﺮَﺮﺟﺢ َﻟﺪََ ي ‪ −‬ﻣﻊ ِﺷ ﱠـﺪﱠ ِ‬
‫ﱠ َ َ‬ ‫ﺐ َ َ َ ﱠ َ‬ ‫ﺖ َأ ْﺳ َ‬
‫ﺳﻤﻤﺎ َء ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ,‬و َﺻ ﱠﺤ ْﺤ ُ‬ ‫ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﺑ ُﻄ ِ‬
‫ﻮن ا ْﻟُﻜ ُﺘ ِ‬

‫ﺎء ﻓِــﻲ‬
‫ـﻰ ﻣــﺎ و َﻗــﻊ ِﻣــﻦ َأ ْﺧ َﻄــﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎت َﺑـ ْﻴ َﻦ اﻟﻨﱡَﺴـ ِﺦِ ا ْﻟﺨََ ﱢﻄﱠﻴـﺔ َوا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻄ ُﺒﻮ َﻋـﺔ‪َ ,‬ﻣـ َـﻊ ﻟاﻟ ﱠﺘﻨْﺒِﻴــﻪ َﻋ َﻠـﻰ َ َ َ ْ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ﺤ ﱡﻖ ِﻣـﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻔﺮو َﻗـ ِ‬
‫َ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺴـ َﺘ ِ‬
‫َْ‬
‫ﻴﺴ ٍﺔ ِﺟﺪا‪َ ,‬ﻟ ْﻢ ُﺗ ْﻌ َﺘ َﻤـ ْﺪْﺪ ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ٍ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻄ ُﺒﻮ َﻋﺎت ‪َ −‬ﻗ ْﺼﺪًً ا ﻟﻠ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺼﺤﻴﺢِِ َﻓ َﻘ ْﻂ‪َ ;−‬ﺑ ْﻞ إِ ﱢﻧﻲ ا ْﻋ َﺘ َﻤْﺪْﺪ ُت َﻋ َﻠﻰ ُﻧَﺴ ٍﺦٍ َﺧ ﱢﻄ ﱠﻴﺔ َﻧﻔ َ‬
‫ﺎت‪َ ,‬وﷲ ِ ا ْﻟ َﺤ ْﻤﺪُُ َوا ْﻟ ِﻤﻨﱠ ُﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ا ْﻟﻤ ْﻄﺒﻮﻋ ِ‬
‫َ ُ َ‬
‫ﺖ ﺑِ ِﻪ ﻓِـﻲ َﻫـ َﺬا ا ْﻟ ُﺠـْﺰ ِء; َﻓ َﻘـ ْﺪْ َذ َﻛَـ ْﺮ ُت‬ ‫ﻳﻀﺎحِِ َﻣﺎ ُﻗْﻤ ُ‬ ‫ﻴﺾ ﻓِﻲ إِ َ‬ ‫ﹶﻭ ﹶﻻ َﻳَﺴ ُﻌﻨ ِﻲ ﻓِﻲ َﻫ ِﺬ ِه ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻘ ﱢﺪﱢ َﻣ ِﺔ َأ ْن َأ ْﺳ َﺘ ِﻔﻴ َ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﻣ ِ‬
‫ـﻮز‬ ‫س‪َ ,‬و ﱡﺮ‬ ‫ﺎر ِ‬‫اﺟ ِﻊ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﻌَﺘ َﻤـ َﺪَ ِة َو َﺑ َﻴﺎ َﻧَﺎﺎﺗِ َﻬـﺎ َواﻟ َﻔَﻬـ ِ‬‫ﺎﻫ َﻨَـﺎ; َﻛَـﺎ ْﻟ َﻤ َﺮ ِ‬
‫َﺠ ُـﺪُ ُه َﻫ ُﻫ‬‫ﺎﻟـﺬي َﻻ َﺗ ِ‬ ‫َذﻟِ َﻚ ﻓِﻲ ْاﻷَﺻـ ِﻞ; ﻟِ َـﺬا َﻓ ِ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ﺠ ُﺪُ ُه ﻓِﻲ ا ْﻷَ ْﺻ ِﻞ ا ْﻟ َﻜﺒِﻴﺮِ‪.‬‬ ‫ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﺘَﺨْْ ﺪََ َﻣ ِﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﻏ ْﻴﺮِ َﻫﺎ‪َ ,‬ﺗ ِ‬

‫آﺧ ًﺮا‪ُ ,‬ﻣ َﺼ ﱢﻠ ًﻴﺎ َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻧﺒِ ﱢﻴ ِﻪ ☺ ‪ُ ,‬ﻣ ْﻤ َﺘﺜِ ًﻼ ﺑِ َﻘ ْﻮ ِل‬ ‫ادي ِﻣﻦ ﻫ ِﺬ ِه ْاﻟﻤَﻘ ﱢﺪﻣ ِﺔ‪ ,‬ﺣ ِﺎﻣ ًﺪا اﷲ َأوﹰﻻ و ِ‬
‫َ ﱠ َ‬ ‫ُ َ َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫و َﺗﻢ ﻣﺮ ِ‬
‫َ ﱠ َُ‬
‫ﺠ ﱢﻲ )‪:(١‬‬‫اﻟﺒ ْﻮ َﺷﻨْ ِ‬ ‫ْاﻟﻌﻼﱠﻣ ِﺔ َأﺑِﻲ ااﻟﺤﺴ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤ ِﻦ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ي ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺪ ُاو ْود ﱢ‬ ‫َ َ َْ ﱠ ْ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫ْ ََ‬ ‫َ َ ُ َ ِّ‬ ‫ْ َ َ‬ ‫َ ِّ َ َ َّ‬
‫ـــــــﻲﻠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ــ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ـــــﺐ‬ ‫ــــ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫وﻻ ﺨﺗ‬ ‫***‬
‫ـﻲﻠ‬
‫ـــــــﻲﻠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻞ‬
‫ـــــــﻞ‬
‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫رب ﻳﻘ‬
‫ََ‬ ‫َ ُ ُ ْ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫ُ َّ َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ْ ُ‬ ‫َ ْ‬
‫ــــﻞ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﻷ‬
‫اﻷ‬ ‫ل‬‫ِ‬ ‫ــــﻮ‬
‫ـ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ــــﻞ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫***‬
‫ـــﻠِﺢ أﻣـــــﻮرِي ﻠﻛﻬـــــﺎ‬ ‫أﺻـــ‬

‫َو َﻛ َﺘ َﺒ ُﻪ ْاﻟ ُﻤَﺼ ﱢﻨ ُ‬

‫ﻒ‪:‬‬

‫َﺑ ْﻌ َﺪ َﻋ ْﺼﺮِ َﻳ ْﻮ ِم ْاﻟ ُﺠ ُﻤ َﻌ ِﺔ‬

‫ﺤ ﱠﺠ ِﺔ ‪١٤٣٩‬ﻫـ‬ ‫ﻓِﻲ ‪ِ ١٣‬ذي ْاﻟ ِ‬

‫ْاﻟ ُﻤﻮاﻓِ ُﻖ ‪ُ ٢٤‬أ ُﻏ ْﺴ ُﻄﺲ ‪٢٠١٨‬م‪.‬‬

‫)‪ِ » (١‬ﺳ َﻴ ُﺮ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼ ِء « )‪.(٢٢٥/١٨‬‬

 ‫‪٣‬‬

‫ْ َ ُ َّ ْ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ ُ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺢ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺮﺼ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺎﻣﻊ‪ ،‬اﻟﺼ ِ‬‫)‪ » (١‬اﺠﻟ ِ‬
‫َ ُ َ َ َ َّ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ُُْ َ ُ‬
‫ﺎﻣ ِﻪ «‬
‫ِﻣﻦ أﻣﻮ ِر رﺳﻮ ِل اﷲِ ☺‪ ،‬وﺳﻨﻨِﻪ‪ ،‬وﻛﻳ ِ‬
‫ُ َ َّ ْ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ْ ِّ ْ ُ َ ِّ‬ ‫َ َْ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫ﺎري‪٢٥٦-١٩٤)~‬ﻫ(‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺨ‬ ‫اﻛ‬ ‫ﻲﻔ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻌ‬‫اﺠﻟ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺎﻗ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺳ‬‫ِ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺤﻣ‬ ‫؛‬‫ِ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻆ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻟ ِﻠ‬

‫ﺎري; ﻓِﻲ )اﻟﺼ ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫‪ ‬وﺑِ َﺄﺳﺎﻧِ ِ‬

‫ﻴﺪ ُﻛ ْﻢ – َﻧ َﻔ َﻊ اﷲ ﺑِ ُﻜ ْﻢ‪ −‬إِ َﻟﻰ ْ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ْﻴ ِﺢ( )‪:(٢‬‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎم َأﺑِﻲ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﷲ; ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤﺪ ْاﻟ ُﺒ َﺨ ِ ﱢ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣ ِ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫﷽‬
‫) ‪(٣‬‬
‫ﺎب َﺑ ْﺪ ِء ْاﻟ َﻮ ْﺣ ِﻲ[‬ ‫ِ‬
‫]ﻛ َﺘ ُ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪? ‬‬ ‫ﺎن َﺑ ْﺪ ُء ْاﻟ َﻮ ْﺣ ِﻲ إِ َﻟﻰ رﺳ ِ‬
‫َ ُ‬ ‫] َﺑ ُ ٌ‬
‫ﺎب♣ [ ‪َ :‬ﻛ ْﻴ َ‬
‫ﻒ َﻛ َ‬
‫ۡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َّ ٓ َ ۡ َ ۡ َ ٓ َ ۡ َ َ َ ٓ َ ۡ َ ۡ َ ٓ َ ٰ ُ َ َّ ّ‬
‫دهۚ ِۦ ﱠ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪[١٦٣ :‬‬ ‫ۢ‬
‫ين ِمن بع ِ‬ ‫َو َﻗ ْﻮ ُل♣ اﷲ ِ َﺟ ﱠﻞ ِذ ْﻛ ُﺮ ُه‪ :‬ﱡ۞إ ِنا أوحينا إ ِلك كما أوحينا إ ِ ن ٖ‬
‫وح وٱلب ِ ِ ۧ‬
‫ـﻌ ٍ‬
‫ـﺎل‪ :‬ﺣ ﱠـﺪﱠ َﺛ َﻨَﺎ ﻳﺤﻴـﻰ ﺑـﻦ ﺳ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﻴﺪ‬ ‫َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ‬ ‫ﺎن; َﻗ َ َ‬ ‫ـﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣـﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ ُﺳـ ْﻔ َﻴ ُ‬ ‫ـﻦ اﻟﺰﱡﱡ َﺑ ْﻴـﺮِ; َﻗ َ‬‫ي‪َ :‬ﻋ ْﺒـﺪُُ اﷲ ْﺑ ُ‬ ‫ــ َﺣـﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ ا ْﻟ ُﺤ َﻤ ْﻴـﺪ ﱡ‬
‫ﺎص اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﻴﺜِ ﱠﻲ; َﻳ ُﻘ ُ‬
‫ﻮل‪:‬‬ ‫ﻴﻢ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻴ ِﻤ ﱡﻲ‪َ ,‬أ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﺳ ِﻤ َﻊ َﻋ ْﻠ َﻘ َﻤ َﺔ ْﺑ َﻦ َو ﱠﻗ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬أ ْﺧ َﺒ َﺮﻧﻲ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ُﺪُ ْﺑ ُﻦ إِ ْﺑ َﺮاﻫ َ‬ ‫ا ﹾﻷﹶ ْﻧ َْﺼ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ﱡ‬
‫ﻮل‪:‬‬‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪َ ‬ﻳ ُﻘ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ َر ُﺳ َ‬ ‫ﺎب ‪َ ‬ﻋ َﻠﻰ ْاﻟ ِﻤﻨْ َﺒﺮِ; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ْﺑ َﻦ ْاﻟ َﺨ ﱠﻄ ِ‬ ‫َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُ‬
‫ﺖ ِﻫ ْﺠ َﺮ ُﺗ ُﻪ إِ َﻟﻰ ُد ْﻧ َﻴﺎ ُﻳ ِﺼ ُﻴﺒ َﻬﺎ‪َ ,‬أ ْو إِ َﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺎت‪َ ,‬وإِ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ﻟِ ُﻜ ﱢﻞ ْاﻣﺮِ ٍئ َﻣﺎ َﻧ َﻮى; َﻓ َﻤ ْﻦ َﻛ َﺎﻧ ْ‬
‫» إِ ﱠﻧﻤﺎ ا ﹾﻷﹶﻋﻤ ُﺎل ﺑِﺎﻟﻨﱢﻴﱠـ ِ‬
‫ْ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺎﺟ َﺮ إِ َﻟ ْﻴ ِﻪ « )‪.(٤‬‬ ‫ٍ ِ‬
‫ْاﻣ َﺮ َأة َﻳﻨْﻜ ُﺤ َﻬﺎ; َﻓ ِﻬ ْﺠ َﺮ ُﺗ ُﻪ إِ َﻟﻰ َﻣﺎ َﻫ َ‬

‫ﺎﻣ َﺴ ِﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﺳ ﱠﻤﺎ ُه َﺣﺎﻓِ ُﻆ )اﻷَ ْﻧ َْﺪَ ُﻟ ِ‬

‫ﺲ( َأ ُﺑﻮ َﺑ ْﻜﺮٍ‪ُ ,‬ﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤﺪُُ‬ ‫ﺎﻣ ِﻪ «‪ ,‬وﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا ﻫﻮ ﻓِﻲ ُﻧُﺴ َﺨَ ِﺔ اﻟ ﱡﻨﱡﻮﻳﺮِي اﻟﺨََ ِ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺢ‪ ,‬ا ْﻟﻤﺨْْ َﺘَﺼﺮ‪ ,‬ا ْﻟﻤﺴﻨََﺪُُ ‪ِ ,‬ﻣﻦ ُأﻣﻮ ِر رﺳﻮ ِل اﷲ ِ ☺ ‪ ,‬وﺳﻨََﻨ ِﻪ‪ ,‬و َأﻳ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﺳ ُﻢ ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬
‫َْ ﱢ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫ْ ُْ َ ُ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ ْ ُ ُ َ ُ ُ ْ‬ ‫َﺎب‪ » :‬ا ْﻟ َﺠﺎﻣ ُﻊ‪ ,‬ﱠ‬ ‫)‪ْ (٢‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺧ ْﻴﺮٍ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺴـﺔ ُﺳ ﱢـﻤ َﻲ‬ ‫اﺷ ُﺘ ُِﻬ َﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟ ﱠﻄ ْﺒ َﻌﺎت‪َ ,‬وﻓﻲ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ )ﻣﻨْ َْﺠﺎ َﻧَـﺎ( اﻟﻨﱠﱠﻔ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺤ ﱠﻔﺎظ‪َ ,‬و ْ‬ ‫ﺎت ﻣ َﻦ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤ ْﻴ َﺢ‪ ,‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤﺨْْ َﺘ ََﺼ َﺮ ‪ « ..‬ﻓﻲ » َﻓ ْﻬ َﺮ َﺳﺘﻪ « ص )‪َ ,(١٣١‬و َﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا َﺳ ﱠﻤﺎ ُه َﺟ َﻤﺎ َﻋ ٌ‬ ‫اﻹ ْﺷﺒِ ْﻴﻠ ﱡﻲ » ا ْﻟ َﺠﺎﻣ َﻊ‪ ,‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨََﺪََ ‪ ,‬ﱠ‬
‫اﺧ ُﺘ ُِﺼ َﺮ ﻓِﻲ ُأ ْﺧ َﺮى‪َ −‬و َﻻ َﻳ ُﻀ ﱡﺮ‪ » −‬اﻟ ﹶﻔ ﹾﺘ ﹸﹾﺢ « )‪.(٨ /١‬‬ ‫ﺎﻣ ِﻪ «‪َ ,‬و ْ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ رﺳﻮ ِل اﷲ ِ ☺‪ ,‬وﺳﻨََﻨ ِﻪ«‪ ,‬و َﻛ ََﺬا ﺳﻤﺎه ا ْﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮٍ ﺑِ ِﺰﻳﺎد ِة » و َأﻳ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻣ ِﻊ‪ ,‬ا ِ‬ ‫ﺑـ» ا ْﻟﺠ ِ‬
‫َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ْ ُ َ َ‬ ‫َ ﱠ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﺤ ْﻴ ِﺢِ ‪ ,‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨََﺪ‪ ,‬ﻣ ْﻦ َﺣﺪ َ ُ ْ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎب[ ا ﱠﻟﺘﻲ َﺑ ْﻌ َﺪَ َﻫﺎ; َﻓﻬ َﻲ َﺛﺎﺑِ َﺘ ٌﺔ ﻓﻲ ر َو َاﻳ َﺘ َِﻲ‪ :‬ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ َﺴﺎﻛ َﺮ‪َ ,‬وأﺑِﻲ ا ْﻟ َﻮ ْﻗﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﻦ َواﻟﻨﱡ ﱠﱡﺴﺎخِِ ﻟﻠ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﻮﺿﻴﺢِِ ‪َ ,‬و َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ ﻣ ْﻦ أ ْﺻ ِﻞ ا ْﻟﻜ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫)‪َ (٣‬ﻣﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓ ْﻴ ِﻦ ز َﻳﺎ َد ٌة ﻣ ْﻦ َﺑ ْﻌ ِ‬
‫َﺎب‪َ ,‬وأ ﱠﻣﺎ َﻟ ْﻔ َﻈ ُﺔ ] َﺑ ُ‬ ‫ﺾ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺤ ﱢﻘﻘ َ‬
‫ﻮﻻﻗِﻴﺔ )‪ ,(٦/١‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻﻴﻞ‪ (١٧٩/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ا ْﻟﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِﺰ‪ (٢/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ا ْﻟﻌ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎﻣ َﺮة‪ ,(٢/١) :‬اﻟ ُﺒ ْﺸ َـﺮى‪ (١١٧/١) :‬ح‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ْﻠ َﻄﺎﻧ ﱠﻴﺔ اﻟ ُﺒ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ي « َدار َﻃ ْﻮ ِق اﻟ ﱠﻨ َﱠﺠﺎة‪ (٦/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ﱡ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ ا ْﻟ ُﺒ َﺨَ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ﱢ‬ ‫)‪َ » (٤‬ﺻﺤ ُ‬
‫ﺎﻋ ّﻲ‪/٢) :‬أ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺴﺔ )‪/٢‬أ(‪ ,‬ا ْﻟﺒِ َﻘ ِ‬ ‫ﺎت‪ :‬اﻟ ﱡﻨﱡﻮﻳﺮِي َ ِ‬ ‫)‪ ,(١‬اﻟﺮﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ‪ :‬ص )‪ (١٩١‬ح )‪ ,(١‬وﻓِﻲ ﻣ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺨَ َ‬ ‫َْ ّ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ﱢ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ (‪َ » .‬أ ْﻋ َﻼ ُم ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪﻳﺚ « )‪.(١١٢/١‬‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻲ َء ﺑِ َﻘ ْﻠﺒِ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳﻦ‪َ ,‬و َﻳ ْﺪْ ُﺧ ُﻞ ﻓﻲ َأ ْﺣ َﻜﺎ ٍم َﻛﺜ َﻴﺮة‪َ ,‬و َﻣ ْﻌﻨَﻰ اﻟﻨﱢ ﱠﻴﺔ‪َ :‬ﻗ ْﺼ ُﺪُ َك ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ َأ ْﺻ ٌﻞ َﻛﺒِ ٌﻴﺮ ﻣ ْﻦ ُأ ُﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﱢﱢ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﻟﺨََ ﱠﻄﺎﺑِ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬و َﻫ َﺬا ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺚ « )‪ِ » ,(١٦٧/١‬ﺳ َﻴ ُﺮ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼ ِء « )‪.(٦٢٠/١٠‬‬ ‫ﺎء ا ْﻟﺤ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫اﻹر َﺷﺎد; ﻓِﻲ ﻣﻌﺮِ َﻓ ِﺔ ﻋ َﻠﻤ ِ‬
‫ُ َ‬ ‫َ ْ‬
‫ِ ٍ‬
‫ﻳﻦ‪َ ,‬و َﻣﺪََ ُار ُه َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻳ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ (‪ُ ْ ِ ْ » .‬‬ ‫* َو َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ ا ْﻟ َﺨَ ِﻠ ِﻴﻠﻲ‪َ ) :‬و َﻫ َﺬا َأ ْﺻ ٌﻞ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُأ ُﺻ ِ‬
‫ﻮل اﻟﺪﱢﱢ ِ‬ ‫ﱡ‬
‫ي َو َﺗ َﻘ ﱡﺪﱡ ِﻣ ِـﻪ;‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم إِ َﻟﻰ َﻫ َﺬا ِ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳـ َﻨَﺎد; ﻟ َﺠ َﻼ َﻟـﺔ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺤ َﻤ ْﻴـﺪ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻚ ِ‬‫ﺚ ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي » َﺻﺤ ْﻴ َﺤ ُﻪ «; َﻓ َﺼ ﱠﻴ َﺮ ُه َﻛَﺎﻟﺨُُ ْﻄ َﺒﺔ َﻟ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﻋﺪََ َل َﻋ ْﻦ ِر َو َاﻳﺘﻪ ا ْﻓﺘ َﺘ ً‬
‫َﺎﺣﺎ ﺑِ َﺤﺪ ْﻳ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺬ َﻫﺒِﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﻫ َﺬا َأ ﱠو ُل َﺷﻲ ٍء ا ْﻓ َﺘ َﺘ ََﺢ ﺑِ ِﻪ اﻟ ُﺒﺨََ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ﱡ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫* َو َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ﱠ ﱡ‬
‫ﺎﻟﺴ َﻤﺎ ِع َﻟ ُﻪ (‪ِ » .‬ﺳ َﻴ ُﺮ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼ ِء « )‪َ ,(٦٢٠/١٠‬وﻓِ ِﻴﻪ َﻓ َﻮاﺋِﺪُُ ﻓِﻲ)‪.(٤٧٦ ,٤٦٩/٥‬‬ ‫ِ ٍ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﹶﻭﻷﹶ ﱠﻥﱠ إِ ْﺳ َﻨَﺎ َد ُه َﻫ َﺬا َﻋ ِﺰ ْﻳ ُﺰ ا ْﻟﻤ ْﺜ ِﻞ ِﺟﺪا‪َ ,‬ﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ ﻓ ْﻴﻪ َﻋﻨْ َﻌﻨَ ٌﺔ َأ َﺑﺪًً ا‪َ ,‬ﺑ ْﻞ ُﻛ ﱡُﻞ َواﺣﺪ ﻣﻨْ ُْﻬ ْﻢ َﺻ ﱠﺮ َح ﺑِ ﱠ‬
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‫‪   ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫ََ َ ُ ََۡ َ ۡ ۡ َ َۡ ۡ‬
‫َﺑ ٌ ُ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺎب♣ ‪َ :‬ﻗ ْﻮ ُ ِل ♣ اﷲ ِ َﺗ َﻌ َﺎﻟﻰ‪ :‬ﱡ ونضع ٱلمو ٰزِين ٱلقِسط ِلو ِم ٱلقِيمةِ ﱠ ]اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‪, [٤٧ :‬‬
‫ٰ‬

‫َو َأ ﱠن َأ ْﻋ َﻤ َﺎل َﺑﻨ ِﻲ َآد َم َو َﻗ ْﻮ َﻟ ُﻬ ْﻢ ُﻳ َ‬

‫ﻮز ُن‬
‫وﻣ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‪.( −‬‬ ‫ﺎﻫﺪٌٌ ‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻘﺴ َﻄﺎس‪ :‬ا ْﻟﻌﺪْْ ُل ‪ −‬ﺑِﺎﻟﺮ ِ‬
‫ﱡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ ُ‬
‫* و َﻗ َﺎل ﻣﺠ ِ‬
‫ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺎﺳ ُﻂ; َﻓ ُﻬ َﻮ‪? :‬ا ْﻟ َﺠﺎﺋِ ُﺮ‪.( ?‬‬ ‫ﺎد ُل‪ ,−?‬و َأﻣﺎ ا ْﻟ َﻘ ِ‬
‫َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻂ‪ −?‬وﻫﻮ ‪?‬ا ْﻟﻌ ِ‬
‫َ ُ َ َ‬
‫* وﻳ َﻘ ُﺎل‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟ ِﻘﺴ ُﻂ‪ :‬ﻣﺼﺪََ ر ‪?‬ا ْﻟﻤ ْﻘ ِﺴ ِ‬
‫َ ْ ُ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َُ‬
‫َﺎب ()‪َ ;(٥‬ﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤﺪُُ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻓ َﻀ ْﻴ ٍﻞ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺎر َة ْﺑ ِ‬
‫ـﻦ اﻟ َﻘ ْﻌ َﻘـﺎ ِعِ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْ‬
‫ـﻦ‬ ‫ــ َﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨ ِﻲ َأ ْﺣ َﻤﺪُُ ْﺑ ُﻦ )إِ ْﺷ َﻜ َ ٍ ♣‬

‫َأﺑِﻲ ُزُ ْر َﻋ َﺔَ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺮ َة ‪ ; ‬ﹶﻗ ﹶﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﹶﻗ ﹶﺎﻝ اﻟﻨﱠﺒﹺ ﱡﻲ ‪: ‬‬
‫ﺎن ﻓِﻲ ْاﻟ ِﻤ َﻴﺰ ِ‬
‫ان‪:‬‬ ‫ﺎن‪َ ,‬ﺛ ِﻘ َﻴﻠ َﺘ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻠ َﺴ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ِﻦ‪َ ,‬ﺧ ِﻔ َﻴﻔ َﺘ ِ‬
‫ﺎن َﻋ َﻠﻰ ﱢ‬ ‫» َﻛ ِﻠ َﻤ َﺘ ِ‬
‫ﺎن‪َ :‬ﺣﺒِ َﻴﺒ َﺘ ِ‬
‫ﺎن إِ َﻟﻰ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن اﷲ ِ ْاﻟ َﻌﻈِ ِ‬
‫ﻴﻢ? « )‪.(٦‬‬ ‫ﺎن اﷲ ِ َوﺑِ َﺤ ْﻤ ِﺪ ِه‪ُ ,‬ﺳ ْﺒ َﺤ َ‬
‫? ُﺳ ْﺒ َﺤ َ‬

‫ث(‪,‬‬‫ـﻴﻞ‪ُ ) :‬ﻣ ْﺤـ َﺪَ ٌ‬‫ﺎﺷ َﻴ ِﺔ َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌ ِﺔ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻ ِ‬

‫ﺖ ﻓِﻲ ﺣ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫وس « )‪َ ,(١٥٥ /٣‬و َر َأ ْﻳ ُ‬ ‫ﺎج ا ْﻟ َﻌ ُﺮ ِ‬‫ﻴﻂ « ص ) ‪َ » ,(١٠٢‬ﺗ ُ‬ ‫ﺤ ُ‬ ‫ث (‪ ».‬ا ْﻟ َﻘﺎﻣﻮس اﻟﻤ ِ‬
‫ُ ُ ُ‬ ‫ﻜﺎب‪ ,‬ﺑِﺎﻟ َﻜ ْﺴﺮِ َﻣ ْﻤﻨﻮ ًﻋﺎ‪ُ ,‬ﻣ َﺤﺪﱢﱢ ٌ‬ ‫ي‪َ ) :‬أ ْﺣ َﻤ ُﺪُ ْﺑ ُﻦ إِ ْﺷ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫)‪َ (٥‬ﻗ َﺎل اﻟ َﻔ ْﻴ ُﺮو َزا َﺑﺎد ﱡ‬
‫َﺎﺟ ِﻪ« !‬
‫ﻮس« و» َﺗ ِ‬ ‫و َﻻ َأد ِري ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻣﺨََ ﺎ َﻟ َﻔﺘِ ِﻬﻢ ﻟِ َﻀﺒ ِ‬
‫ﻂ »ا ْﻟ َﻘ ُﺎﻣ ِ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ُ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﺐ (‪ » .‬ﹶﻓـ ﹾﺘ ﹸﹾﺢ ا ﹾﻟ ﹶﺒـﺎرﻱ «‬ ‫ف‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َـﻮ َﻟ َﻘ ٌ‬ ‫ـﻲ; َﻓ َﻴ ْﻨ َْﺼـﺮِ ُ‬ ‫ﻴـﻞ‪َ :‬ﺑ ْـﻞ َﻋ َﺮﺑِ ﱞ‬
‫ـﻲ‪َ ,‬وﻗ َ‬ ‫* َو َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺣ َﺠﺮٍ‪) ) :‬إِ ْﺷ َﻜ ُ‬
‫َﺎب( ﺑِ َﻜ َْﺴﺮِ ا ْﻟ َﻬ ْﻤـ َﺰَة‪َ ,‬و ُﺳـ ُﻜُﻮن ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﻌ َﺠ َﻤـﺔ‪َ ,‬وآﺧ ُـﺮ ُه ُﻣ َﻮ ﱠﺣ َـﺪَ ٌة‪َ ,‬ﻏ ْﻴ ُـﺮ ُﻣﻨْ َْﺼـﺮِف; ﻷَ ﱠﻧﱠـ ُﻪ أ ْﻋ َﺠﻤ ﱞ‬
‫)‪ ,(٥٤٠/١٣‬وﺻﺮ َﻓﻪ ﻣﺤ ﱢﻘ ُﻘﻮ اﻟﺴ ْﻠ َﻄﺎﻧِﻴ ِﺔ‪ ,‬و َﻗﺎ ُﻟﻮا‪ :‬ﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا ُﺿﺒِ َﻂ ﻓِﻲ اﻟﻴﻮﻧِﻴﻨِﻴ ِﺔ‪ ,‬و ُﻧﻨَﺒﻪ ﻋ َﻠﻰ َأ ﱠﻧﱠﻬﻢ ﺣ ﱠﻘ ُﻘﻮا ﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻓﺮﻋ ِﻲ اﻟﻴﻮﻧِﻴﻨ ِﻴ ِﺔ‪) :‬اﻟ َﻘﺴ َﻄ ﱠﻼﻧِﻲ‪ ,‬واﻟﺒﺼﺮِي(‪ ,‬و َﻟﻴﺲ ﻋ َﻠﻰ اﻷَﺻ ِﻞ ا ْﻟﻤ ْﻔ ُﻘ ِ‬
‫ﻮد‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﱢ َ َ ْ ﱢ َ ْ َ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ْ َ‬ ‫ُ ﱠ َ ﱢُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱠ َ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫َ َ ﱠ ُ ُ َ‬
‫ـﻴﻞ‪ (٤٣١/٩) :‬ح )‪ ,(٧٥٥٩‬ا ْﻟﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِــﺰ‪ (١٥٣٢ /٣) :‬ح )‪ ,(٧٦٥٨‬ا ْﻟﻌـ ِ‬ ‫ﻮﻻﻗِ ﱠﻴــﺔ )‪ ,(١٦٢/٩‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻـ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ـ ْﻠ َﻄﺎﻧِ ﱠﻴﺔ اﻟ ُﺒ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﺎﻣ َﺮة‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ي « َد ُار َﻃـ ْـﻮ ِق اﻟ ﱠﻨ َﱠﺠــﺎة‪ (١٦٣/٩) :‬ح )‪ ,(٧٥٦٣‬ﱡ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ ا ْﻟ ُﺒﺨََ ـ ِ‬
‫ـﺎر ﱢ‬ ‫)‪َ » (٦‬ﺻــﺤ ُ‬
‫ﺎﻋ ّﻲ‪/٢٩٧) :‬أ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺴﺔ )‪/٢٩٦‬ب(‪ ,‬ا ْﻟﺒِ َﻘ ِ‬ ‫ﺎت‪ :‬اﻟ ﱡﻨﱡﻮﻳﺮِي َ ِ‬ ‫)‪ ,(٢١٩/٨‬اﻟﺒ ْﺸﺮى‪ (٣٣٦٨/٤) :‬ح )‪ ,(٧٥٦٣‬اﻟﺮﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ‪:‬ص)‪ (١٧٣٤‬ح )‪ ,(٧٥٦٣‬وﻓِﻲ ﻣ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺨَ َ‬ ‫َْ ّ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ﱢ َ‬ ‫ُ َ‬
‫َﺎﺳـ َﺒ ٌﺔ ُأ ْﺧ َـﺮى; ِﻷَ ﱠﻧﱠـ ُﻪ‬
‫ـﻲ( َأ َﺧ َـﺬ َﻋﻨْْـ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﻟـ ُﻪ ُﻣﻨَ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ـﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﺤ َﻤ ْﻴ ِـﺪ ﱢ ِ ِ ِ َ‬
‫ي; ﻟ َﻜ َْﻮﻧـﻪ أ ْﻓ َﻘـ َﻪ ) ُﻗ َﺮﺷ ﱟ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺮ َو َاﻳ ِـﺔ َﻋ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي ْاﻣ َﺘ َﺜ َﻞ َﻗ ْﻮ َﻟ ُﻪ ‪َ » : ‬ﻗﺪﱢﱢ ُﻣﻮا ُﻗ َﺮ ْﻳ ًﺸﺎ «; َﻓـﺎ ْﻓ َﺘ َﺘ ََﺢ ﻛ َﺘَﺎ َﺑـ ُﻪ ﺑِ ﱢ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺣ َﺠﺮٍ‪َ ) :‬ﻓ َﻜ ََﺄ ﱠنﱠ ا ْﻟ ُﺒ َﺨَ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ﱠ‬
‫ﻚ; ِﻷَ ﱠﻧﻪ َﺷﻴ ُﺦ َأ ْﻫ ِﻞ )ا ْﻟﻤ ِﺪﻳﻨَ َﺔ(‪َ ,‬و ِﻫﻲ َﺗَﺎﻟِﻴ ٌﺔ ﻟِـ)ﻣ ﱠﻜ َﺔ( ﻓِﻲ ُﻧ ُﺰ ِ‬
‫ُول ا ْﻟ َـﻮ ْﺣ ِﻲ (‬ ‫ﺨ ِﻪ; َﻓﻨََﺎﺳﺐ َأنْْ ﻳ ْﺬ َﻛَﺮ ﻓِﻲ َأو ِل َﺗَﺮﺟﻤ ِﺔ )ﺑﺪْْ ِء ا ْﻟﻮﺣ ِﻲ(; ِﻷَنﱠﱠ اﺑﺘِﺪََ اءه َﻛَﺎنََ ﺑِـ)ﻣ ﱠﻜ َﺔ(‪ ,‬و ِﻣﻦ َﺛﻢ َﺛ ﱠﻨﱠﻰ ﺑِﺎﻟﺮواﻳ ِﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬ ‫)ﻣ ﱢﻜﱢﻲ(; َﻛ ََﺸﻴ ِ‬
‫َ َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ْ‬ ‫ﱢ َ َ َ ْ َ‬ ‫َ ْ ﱠ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ َُ‬ ‫َ ْ‬ ‫ﱠ ْ َ َ َ‬ ‫َ َ ُ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ ﱞ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳﺐ ﻓﻲ َأ ﱠوﻟﻪ َو َﻣ ْﺸ ُﻬ ٍ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ‪َ ,‬و َﺑﺪََ َأ ُه ﺑِ َﻐﺮِ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ‪َ ,‬‬ ‫ﻴﺢِ ا ْﻟ ُﺒ َﺨَ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫» َﻓ ْﺘ ُْﺢ ا ْﻟ َﺒ ِ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻮر ﻓﻲ آﺧﺮِه‪َ ,‬و َﺧ َﺘ ََﻤ ُﻪ ﺑِ َﺤﺪﻳﺚ َﻛ ََﺬﻟ َ‬ ‫وأ ْﻧ َْﻬﺎ ُه ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ ُﻜُﻮﻓ ﱢﻴ َ‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ :‬و َأ ْﻳ ًﻀﺎ َﺑﺪََ َأ ُه ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻤ ﱢﻜ ﱢﻴ َ‬
‫ي « )‪ُ ; (١٠/١‬ﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬ ‫ﺎر ﱢ‬ ‫ﺎري; َﺷ ْﺮ ُح َﺻﺤ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺳﺮِ ﺛِ َﻘ َﻞ ا ْﻟ َﻤ َـﻮ ِاز ِ‬ ‫ﻮر ا ﱠﻟﺘِﻲ ﻳ ْﻈﻬﺮ ﺑِﻬﺎ ا ْﻟﻤ ْﻔ ِﻠﺢ ِﻣﻦ ا ْﻟ َﺨَ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ «‪ ,‬و َﻛَﺎنََ ِ‬
‫آﺧ ُﺮ ْاﻷُ ُﻣ ِ‬ ‫َﺎب اﻟ ﱠﺘﱠﻮ ِﺣ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ ِﺳﺮاج اﻟﺪﱢﱢ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻳﻦ‬ ‫َ َُ َ ُ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻳﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﺒ ْﻠﻘﻴﻨ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﻟ ﱠﻤﺎ َﻛَﺎنََ َأ ْﺻ ُﻞ ا ْﻟﻌ ْﺼ َﻤﺔ ‪َ −‬أ ﱠو ًﻻ َوآﺧ ًﺮا‪ُ −‬ﻫ َﻮ َﺗ َْﻮﺣ ُﻴﺪُ اﷲ; َﻓ َﺨَ َﺘ ََﻢ ﺑِـ »ﻛ َﺘ ِ ْ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻚ ﻓِﻲ اﻟﺪﱡﱡ ْﻧ َﻴﺎ‪َ ,−‬و َﺧ َﺘ ََﻢ ﺑِـ) َأنﱠﱠ ْاﻷَ ْﻋ َﻤ َﺎل ُﺗُﻮ َز َُنُ َﻳ ْﻮ َم ا ْﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ(‪َ ,‬و َأ َﺷ َﺎر إِ َﻟﻰ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﻳ ْﺜ ُﻘ ُـﻞ ِﻣﻨْ َْﻬـﺎ َﻣـﺎ َﻛَـﺎنََ ﺑِﺎﻟﻨﱢ ﱠﻴ ِـﺔ ا ْﻟﺨََ ﺎﻟِ َﺼ ِـﺔ ﻟِ ﱠﻠ ِـﻪ‬ ‫ﺎت( ‪َ −‬و َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ‪ْ :‬اﻷَﻋﻤ ُﺎل ﺑِﺎﻟﻨﱢﻴ ِ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫َﺎب; َﻓﺒ َﺪَ َأ ﺑِـ)ﺣ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﺟ ِﻢ ا ْﻟﻜ َﺘ ِ َ‬
‫و ِﺧ ﱠﻔ َﺘَﻬﺎ; َﻓﺠﻌ َﻠﻪ ِ‬
‫آﺧ َﺮ َﺗ ََﺮ ِ‬ ‫َ َ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻹ ْﻇ َﻬ ِ‬
‫ﺎر اﻟ ﱠﺜ َﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ِﻦ َﻟ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟﺨ ﱠﻔ ُﺔ‪ :‬ﺑِﺎﻟﻨﱢ ْﱢﺴ َﺒﺔ ﻟ َﻤﺎ ﻳ َﺘ َﻌ ﱠﻠ ُﻖ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ‪َ ,‬واﻟ ﱢﺜ َﻘ ُﻞ‪ :‬ﺑِﺎﻟ ﱢﻨ ْﱢﺴ َﺒﺔ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺬ ْﻛﺮِ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺬ ُﻛ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اب‪َ ,‬و َﺟﺎ َء َﺗ َْﺮﺗﻴ ُﺒ ُﻪ َﻋ َﻠﻰ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُﻮر ﻟ َﻤ َﺤ ﱠﺒﺔ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺚ َﻋ َﻠﻰ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻴﻒ َو َﺣ ﱞ‬
‫ﻴﺐ َو َﺗَﺨْْ ﻔ ٌ‬ ‫َﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ ‪ُ ;( ..‬ﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ) :‬وﻓﻲ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪﻳﺚ َﺗ َْﺮﻏ ٌ‬
‫اب ا ْﻟ َﻌﻈِﻴ ِﻢ َﻳ ْﻮ َم ا ْﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ (‪ ».‬اﻟ َﻔ ْﺘ ُْﺢ «)‪.(٥٤٢/١٣‬‬ ‫ﻴﻬ َﻤﺎ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ﱠﺜ َﻮ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺬ ْﻛﺮِ َﻋ َﻠﻰ ﻟِﺴﺎﻧِ ِﻪ َﺗ ٍ‬
‫َﺎل; ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺑ ﱠﻴ َﻦ َﻣﺎ ﻓِ ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ﱢب َﺳﺎﺑِ ٌﻖ‪َ ,‬و ِذ ْﻛ َْﺮ ا ْﻟ َﻌ ْﺒ ِﺪ َو ِﺧ ﱠﻔ َﺔ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺐ ﱠ‬
‫ُأﺳ ُﻠ ٍ ِ‬
‫ﻮب َﻋﻈﻴ ٍﻢ‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻮ َأنﱠﱠ ُﺣ ﱠ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻮل‪َ ? :‬ﻣـ ْﻦ َأ َرا َد َأ ْنْ َﻳ ْﺨْ ـ ُﺮ َج ِﻣـ َﻦ ﱡ‬
‫اﻟـﺪﱡ ْﻧ َﻴﺎ‬ ‫َﺎب اﻟ ﱠﺘﱠﻮ ِﺣ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺪ «; َﻓ َﻜ َﺄ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﻳ ُﻘـ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﺎب َﺑﺪْْ ء ا ْﻟ َﻮ ْﺣ ِﻲ «‪َ ,‬و َﺧ َﺘ َﻤ ُﻪ ﺑِـ »ﻛ َﺘ ِ ْ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺢ « ﺑِـ »ﻛِ َﺘ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َ‬
‫ﺎر ِ‬
‫ي ﻛ َﺘﺎ َﺑ ُﻪ » ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎق ا ْﻟ ُﺤ َﻮ ْﻳﻨ ِ ﱡﻲ‪ ) :‬ا ْﻓ َﺘ َﺘ َﺢ ﹾ ﹺ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ُم ا ْﻟ ُﺒﺨََ ِ ﱡ‬ ‫ث ) ِﻣ ْﺼ َﺮ( َأ ُﺑﻮ إِ ْﺳ َﺤ َ‬ ‫* َو َﻗ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺤﺪﱢﱢ ُ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ﺎر ِ‬ ‫ﻴﺐ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﱡ ْﻧﻴﺎ ﻋ َﻠﻰ اﻟ ﱠﺘﻮ ِﺣ ِ‬ ‫اﻹﺳ َﻼم ُﻛ ﱡﻠﻪ; ﻓﺎ ْﻟ ُﺨُ ﺮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ي ﻟ َﻜ َﺘﺎﺑِـﻪ َﺗ ْﺮﺗ ٌ‬
‫ﻴـﺐ َﻳـ ُﺪُ ﱡل َﺑ ْﻌ ُﻀـ ُﻪ‬ ‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم اﻟ ُﺒ َﺨَ ِ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻮنُ إِ ﱠﻻ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻮ ْﺣ َﻴ ْﻴ ِﻦ (; ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ) :‬ﺗ ْﺮﺗ ُ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ َﻻ َﻳ ُﻜ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫وج ﻣ َﻦ ﱡ َ َ‬ ‫ُ ُ‬ ‫َﻋ َﻠﻰ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﻮﺣﻴﺪ; َﻓ َﻌ َﻠ ْﻴﻪ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻮﺣ ِﻲ‪َ ,?‬و َﻣﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ َﻫ َﺬ ْﻳ ِﻦ ا ْﻟﻜ َﺘَﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ ِﻦ ْ ِ ْ ُ ُ‬
‫ف ا ْﻟ ُﻌ ُﻠﻮ ِمِ‪ُ ,‬ﺛ ﱠﻢ‬‫ﻳﻤﺎنََ َأ ْﺷ َﺮ ُ‬ ‫َﺎب ا ْﻟ ِﻌ ْﻠ ِﻢ «; ِﻷَ ﱠنﱠ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ َ‬ ‫ﺚ‪ :‬ﺑِـ »ﻛِ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫ﺎنَ َﻻ َﻳ ِﺼ ﱡﺢ إِ ﱠﻻ إ َذا َ‬
‫ﻛﺎنَ ُﻣ َﺆَ ﱠﻳ ًﺪً ا ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻮ ْﺣ ِﻲ; ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺛ ﱠﻠ َ‬ ‫ﻳﻤ َ‬ ‫إنﱠ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ َ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎن «; ﻟِ َﻴ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ﻮل َﻟ َ‬ ‫ﻳﻤ ِ‬
‫اﻹ َ‬ ‫َﺎب ْ ِ‬‫َﺎب َﺑﺪْْ ِء ا ْﻟ َﻮ ْﺣ ِﻲ «‪ ,‬و َﺛ ﱠﻨﻰ ﺑِـ »ﻛِ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫ﺾ; َﻓ َﻘﺪْْ َﺑ َﺪَ َأ ﺑِـ »ﻛِ َﺘ ِ‬‫َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﺑ ْﻌ ٍ‬

‫ف ِﻣ ْﻦ » َأ ْﺷﺮِ َﻃﺘِ ِﻪ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎر وﺗﺼﺮ ٍ‬

‫ﺎﺧﺘ َﺼ ٍ َ َ ﱡ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺢِِ ( ﺑِ ْ ِ‬ ‫آﺧﺮِ اﻟﺼ ِ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل‪ :‬اﻟﺼ َﻼ ُةُ‪ ,‬و َﻻ ﻳ َﺘَﻮﺻ ُﻞ إِ َﻟﻴﻬﺎ إِ ﱠﻻ ﺑِﺎﻟﻮ ُﺿ ِ‬
‫ﻮء ‪ ..‬إِ َﻟﻰ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻮ ُﺿﻮء«; ﻷَ ﱠنﱠ ا ْﻟﻌ ْﻠ َﻢ َﻳ ْﺘ َﺒ ُﻌ ُﻪ ا ْﻟ َﻌ ْﻤ ُﻞ‪َ ,‬و َﺧ ْﻴ ُﺮ ْاﻷَ ْﻋ َﻤ ِ ﱠ‬ ‫َﺎب ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َأ ْو َر َد »ﻛ َﺘ َ‬
‫ﻴﺢ « ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﺤ ْﻤ ِـﺪ‪َ ,‬و َﺧ َﺘ ََﻤـ ُﻪ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ـﺎر ِ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣـﺎ ُم ا ْﻟ ُﺒ َﺨَ ِ ﱡ‬
‫ي ﻛ َﺘﺎ َﺑـ ُﻪ » ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺼـﺤ َ‬ ‫ﺠ ِﺪ ا ْﻟ َﻔ ْﺘ ِْﺢِ ( ﺑِـ) ْاﻷَ ْﺳ َﻜ ْﻨ َْﺪَ ِر ﱠﻳ ِﺔ(; َﻳ ُﻘ ُ‬
‫ﻮل‪ ) :‬ا ْﻓ َﺘ َﺘ َﺢ ﹾ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻴﺢِ « ﺑِـ) َﻣ ْﺴ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ِ‬ ‫ﺲ َﺧ ْﺘ ِﻢ » اﻟﺼ ِ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎر َك َأ َﺑﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﺒﺪََ اﷲ ِ ا ْﻟ ُﻌ َﺒ ْﻴﺪََ ﰲ َﻣ ْﺠ ِﻠ ِ‬‫ﺖ ا ْﻟ َﻌﺎ َﻟ َﻢ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺸ ِ‬ ‫* َو َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺚ (‪.‬‬ ‫آﺧﺮِ اﻟﺤ ِﺪ ِ‬ ‫آﺧﺮِ ِه‪ ) :‬ﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨِﻲ َأﺣﻤ ُﺪُ ﺑﻦ )إِ ْﺷ َﻜَﺎب( ‪ ...‬إﻟﻰ ِ‬ ‫ﺑِﺎ ْﻟﺤﻤ ِﺪ; َﻓ َﻘ َﺎل ﻓِﻲ َأوﻟِ ِﻪ‪) :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪﱠ َﺛ َﻨَﺎ ا ْﻟﺤﻤﻴ ِﺪي(‪ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ﻓِﻲ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ َ ْ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ َْ ﱡ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم ﻓﻲ‪ » :‬ﺳ َﻴﺮِ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼء « )‪.(٣٩١/١٢‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﺟ ْﻊ ﻓﻲ َﻣ َﻈﺎ ﱢﻧ َﱢﻬﺎ‪َ ,‬و َﺗ َْﺮ َﺟ َﻤ ُﺔ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﱠﻒ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻄ ﱠﻮ َﻻ ُت َوا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺒ ُﺴﻮ َﻃ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اب » َﺻﺤﻴﺢِِ ا ْﻟ ُﺒ َﺨَ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﺎﺳ َﺒﺎت َأ ْﺑ َﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎت; َﻓ ْﻠ ُﺘ َُﺮ َ‬ ‫ي « ُﺗ َُﺼ ﱠﻨ ُ‬ ‫ﺎر ﱢ‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ :‬وﻓﻲ ُﻣﻨَ َ‬ ‫* ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬
 ‫‪٥‬‬

‫ْ ُ ْ َ ُ َّ ْ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ُّ َ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺢ‪] ،‬اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺮﺼ‪ِ ،‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴ ِ‬
‫ﻦﻨ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ » (٢‬اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ‪ ،‬اﻟﺼ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َْ َْْ َ َْْ َ ْ َ ُ‬
‫ﺑﻨﻘ ِﻞ اﻟﻌﺪ ِل ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﻌﺪ ِل ﻗﻦ رﺳﻮ ِل اﷲِ ☺ [ «‬
‫ْ ُ َ ْ ِّ ْ َ ُ ْ ِّ‬ ‫ْ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ ْ ْ َ َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫ﺎج اﻟﻘﺸﺮﻴي اﺠَّﻴﺴﺎﺑﻮ ِري‪ ٢٦١ -٢٠٤)~‬ﻫ(‪‬‬
‫اﺤﻟﺠ ِ‬ ‫ﻦﻴ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﻠِ ِﻢ ﺑ ِﻦ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫اﺤﻟ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻆ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻟ ِﻠ‬

‫ﺎم َأﺑِﻲ اﻟﺤﺴﻴ ِﻦ‪ ,‬ﻣﺴ ِﻠ ٍﻢ اﻟﻨﱠﻴﺴﺎﺑﻮ ِري; ﻓِﻲ ) ْاﻟﻤﺴﻨَ ِﺪ‪ ,‬اﻟﺼ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ْﻴ ِﺢ( )‪:(٧‬‬ ‫‪َ ‬وﺑِ َﻬﺎ إِ َﻟﻰ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣ ِ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ُ ْ‬ ‫َْ ُْ ﱢ‬ ‫ُ َ ْ ُ ْ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻳﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺎن‬ ‫ﺎب ا ﹾ ﹺ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻹ َ‬ ‫ﻛ َﺘ ُ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ِم‪َ ,‬و ِذ ْﻛﺮِ ْاﻟ َﻘ َﺪ ِر‪َ ,‬و َﻏ ْﻴﺮِ ِه ‪[..‬‬
‫) ‪(٨‬‬ ‫ﺎن‪َ ,‬و ﹾ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻳﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﺎب ﻓِﻲ ﹾ ﹺ‬
‫اﻹ َ‬ ‫] َﺑ ٌ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻨَﺎ إﹺ ﱠﻻ ﺑِﺎﷲ ‪‬‬ ‫ئ‪َ ,‬وإِ ﱠﻳ ُﺎه َﻧ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻜ ِﻔﻲ‪َ ,‬و َﻣﺎ َﺗ ْﻮﻓِ ُ‬‫ﺑِ َﻌ ْﻮ ِن اﷲ ِ َﻧ ْﺒ َﺘ ِﺪ ُ‬
‫ﺲ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﷲ ِ ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﺑ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺪ َة‪,‬‬
‫ﻴﻊ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َﻛ ْﻬ َﻤ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ب; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ َوﻛ ٌ‬ ‫ــ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨ ِﻲ َأ ُﺑﻮ َﺧ ْﻴ َﺜ َﻤ َﺔ‪ُ ,‬ز َﻫ ْﻴ ُﺮ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺣ ْﺮ ٍ‬

‫َﻋ ْﻦ َﻳ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻳ ْﻌ َﻤ َﺮ ‪.................‬‬

‫ي ‪َ −‬و َﻫ َﺬا َﺣ ِﺪ ُﻳﺜ ُﻪ ‪َ ;−‬ﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ َأﺑِﻲ; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ‬ ‫وﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ ُﻋ َﺒ ْﻴ ُﺪ اﷲ ِ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻣ َﻌ ٍ‬
‫ﺎذ ْاﻟ َﻌ ْﻨ َﺒﺮِ ﱡ‬ ‫ــ )ح( َ‬
‫َﻛ ْﻬ َﻤ ٌﺲ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ ْاﺑ ِﻦ ُﺑ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺪ َة‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َﻳ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻳ ْﻌ َﻤ َﺮ; َﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎن َأ ﱠو َل َﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ َﺎل ﻓِﻲ ْاﻟ َﻘ َﺪ ِر ﺑِـ) ْاﻟ َﺒ ْﺼ َﺮ ِة(‪َ :‬ﻣ ْﻌ َﺒ ٌﺪ ْاﻟ ُﺠ َﻬﻨ ِ ﱡﻲ; َﻓ ْﺎﻧ َﻄ َﻠ ْﻘ ُ‬
‫ﺖ َأ َﻧﺎ َو ُﺣ َﻤ ْﻴ ُﺪ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ِﻦ‬ ‫) َﻛ َ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪; ‬‬ ‫ﺎب رﺳ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎﺟ ْﻴ ِﻦ ‪َ −‬أ ْو ُﻣ ْﻌ َﺘﻤ َﺮ ْﻳ ِﻦ ‪َ ;−‬ﻓ ُﻘ ْﻠﻨَﺎ‪َ ? :‬ﻟ ْﻮ َﻟﻘﻴﻨَﺎ َأ َﺣ ًﺪا َﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﺻ َﺤ ِ َ ُ‬ ‫ي‪َ ,‬ﺣ ﱠ‬ ‫ْاﻟﺤ ْﻤ َﻴﺮِ ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬

‫ﻮل َﻫ ُﺆ َﻻ ِء ﻓِﻲ ْاﻟ َﻘ َﺪ ِر?‪.‬‬ ‫َﻓ َﺴ َﺄ ْﻟﻨَ ُﺎه َﻋ ﱠﻤﺎ َﻳ ُﻘ ُ‬

‫ﺎﺣﺒِﻲ‪َ −‬أ َﺣ ُﺪ َﻧﺎ َﻋ ْﻦ‬‫ﺎﻛ َﺘﻨَ ْﻔ ُﺘﻪ َأ َﻧﺎ وﺻ ِ‬ ‫اﺧ ًﻼ ْاﻟ َﻤ ْﺴ ِ‬ ‫ﺎب د ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫ﺠ َﺪ; َﻓ ْ ُ‬ ‫َﻓ ُﻮ ﱢﻓ َﻖ َﻟﻨَﺎ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ اﷲ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ْﺑ ِﻦ ْاﻟ َﺨ ﱠﻄ ِ َ‬
‫ﺎﺣﺒِﻲ َﺳ َﻴﻜِ ُﻞ ْاﻟ َﻜ َﻼ َم إِ َﻟ ﱠﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ َأ ﱠن ﺻ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َﻳ ِﻤﻴﻨ ِ ِﻪ‪َ ,‬و ْاﻵ َﺧ ُﺮ َﻋ ْﻦ ِﺷ َﻤﺎﻟِ ِﻪ‪َ ;−‬ﻓ َﻈﻨَﻨْ ُ‬

‫اﻹ ْﺷﺒِ ْﻴ ِﻠ ﱡﻲ‪َ ,‬و ُذﻛِ َﺮ َﻫ َﺬا ِاﻻ ْﺳ ُﻢ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻄ ﱠـﻮ ُل‬

‫اﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ َأ ُﺑﻮ َﺑ ْﻜﺮٍ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺧ ْﻴﺮٍ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨَ َِﻦ‪ ,‬ﺑﻨَ ْﻘ ِﻞ ا ْﻟ َﻌﺪْْ ِل َﻋ ِﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻌﺪْْ ِل َﻋ ْﻦ َر ُﺳ ْﻮ ِل اﷲ ☺ [ « َﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا َذ َﻛ ََﺮ ُه ُﻣ َﻄ ﱠﻮ ًﻻ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼﺤ ْﻴ ُﺢ‪] ,‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤﺨْْ َﺘ ََﺼ ُﺮ‪ ,‬ﻣ ْﻦ ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬
‫َﺎب‪ » :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨََﺪُُ ‪ ,‬ﱠ‬ ‫)‪ْ (٧‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﺴ ٌﺔ ِﺟﺪا ﻣ ْﻨ ُﻪ )ن ‪ ٥٧٣‬ﻫـ( َﻣ ْﺤ ُﻔﻮ َﻇ ٌﺔ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴ ْﻔﺮِ َﺿ ْﺒ ًﻄﺎ َو َﺗ َْﺼﺤ ً‬
‫ﻴﺤﺎ َو ُﻣ َﻘﺎ َﺑ َﻠ ًﺔً‪َ ,‬و َﻟ ُﻪ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ٌﺔ َﻣ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ٌﺔ َﻛَﺎﻣ َﻠ ٌﺔ َﻧَﻔ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ ﺑِ َﻬ َﺬا ﱢ‬‫ﻴﺴﺔ ُأ ْﺧ َﺮى ﺑِ َﺤ ْﺬف َﻛَﻠ َﻤﺔ َأ ْو َأ ْﻛ َﺜﺮ‪َ ,‬و َﻛَﺎنََ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺧ ْﻴﺮٍ ﻣ َﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﻌ َﺘَﻨ َ‬ ‫ُﻣﺨْْ َﺘ ََﺼ ًﺮا ﻓﻲ َﻣﺨْْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃﺎت َﻧَﻔ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ ٍ‬ ‫ِِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﻂ‬‫ـﻢ َﻓ َﻘ ْ‬‫ﻴﺢ « ﻣ ْﻦ َﺛ َﻼﺛﻤﺎ َﺋَﺔ َأ ْﻟﻒ )‪َ (٣٠٠.٠٠٠‬ﺣـﺪﻳﺚ َﻣ ْﺴ ُـﻤﻮ َﻋﺔ ( َوا ْﻋ َﺘ ََﻤـﺪََ َﺟ َﻤﺎ َﻋـ ٌﺔ َﻫ َـﺬا اﻻ ْﺳ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤ َ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻫ َﺬا » ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨََﺪََ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺖ ‪َ , -‬و َﻗ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺼﻨﱢ ُﻔ ُﻪ ُﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ٌﻢ‪َ ) :‬ﺻﻨﱠ ْﻔ ُ‬ ‫ﺎس( ‪َ −‬و َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻬﺎ َﻋ ﱠﻮ ْﻟ ُ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ( ﺑـِ) َﻓ ٍ‬ ‫ﺑِـ) َﻣ ْﻜ َﺘ َﺒﺔ اﻟ ُﻘ َﺮ ِو ﱢﻳ َ‬
‫س « )‪.(٣٨٥/١‬‬ ‫ـﺎر ِ‬‫ﻳﺦ َﺑ ْﻐْﺪََ ا َد « )‪َ » ,(١٢١/١٥‬ﻓ ْﻬ َﺮ َﺳ ُﺔ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺧ ْﻴﺮٍ « ص )‪ »,(١٣٥‬ﻓِ ْﻬﺮِ ُس ا ْﻟ َﻔ َﻬ ِ‬ ‫ﻮل ِﺟﺪا‪َ » .‬ﺗ ِ‬
‫َﺎر ُ‬ ‫َﺎب َﻳ ُﻄ ُ‬ ‫اﺳ ِﻢ ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﻞ ْاﻷَ ْﻣﺮِ ﻓﻲ َﺗ َْﺤﺪﻳﺪ ْ‬ ‫ونَ ِز َﻳﺎ َد ٍة‪َ ,‬و َﺗ ْﻔ ِﺼ ُ‬
‫ُد َ‬
‫ـﺾ ﻣ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻳﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻓِﻲ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ِﺔ‪ُ :‬ﻛُﻮ ْﺑﺮِ ِﻳﻠﻲ )‪/٥‬ب( ﺑِ ِﺰﻳﺎ َد ِة‪ِ ) :‬ذ ْﻛﺮِ ْ ِ‬ ‫ُﻮر َﻳﺎل ‪/٥) ٢‬أ(‪َ ,‬و َﻛ ََﺬﻟِ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﺎت‬ ‫ـﺎن(‪َ ,‬وﻓـﻲ َﺑ ْﻌ ِ َ‬ ‫اﻹ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫)‪َ (٨‬ﻣﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓ ْﻴ ِﻦ ِز َﻳﺎ َد ٌة َﺛﺎﺑِ َﺘ ٌﺔ ﻓﻲ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ‪ :‬ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺧ ْﻴﺮٍ )‪/٩‬ب(‪ ,‬و ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ اﻻ ْﺳ ُﻜ ْ‬
‫ُﻮﺟ ُﺪُ َﺗ ََﺮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺾ اﷲ ِ( ُأ ْﺛﺒِ َﺘ ْ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺴ ِﺔ ) َو َﻓ ْﻴ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫اب َأ ْﺻ ًﻼ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻸ َ ْﺑ َﻮ ِ‬
‫اﺟ ُﻢ َ‬ ‫َﺖ َﻫﺬه اﻟ ﱢﺰ َﱢﻳﺎ َد ُة ﺑِ َﺘ ْﻘﺪﻳ ٍﻢ َأ ْو َﺗ َْﺄﺧﻴﺮٍ‪َ ,‬أ ْو ِز َﻳﺎ َدة َأ ْو َﺣ ْﺬف‪َ ,‬وﻓﻲ َﺑ ْﻌﻀ َﻬﺎ َﻻ ُﺗ َ‬ ‫) َﺗ ََﺸ ْﺴﺘﺮﺑِﻴﺘﻲ( اﻟﻨﱠﱠﻔ َ‬
 ‫‪٦‬‬

‫ون ْاﻟ ِﻌ ْﻠ َﻢ ‪َ −‬و َذ َﻛ َﺮ‬ ‫ون ْاﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ َ‬

‫آن‪َ ,‬و َﻳ َﺘ َﻘ ﱠﻔ ُﺮ َ‬ ‫ﺎس‪َ :‬ﻳ ْﻘ َﺮ ُء َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ِﻦ ‪ ..‬إِ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﻗ ْﺪ َﻇ َﻬ َﺮ ﻗ َﺒ َﻠﻨَﺎ َﻧ ٌ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ‪َ ? :‬أ َﺑﺎ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ﱠ‬ ‫َﻓ ُﻘ ْﻠ ُ‬
‫ﻮن‪َ :‬أ ْن َﻻ َﻗ َﺪ َر‪َ ,‬و َأ ﱠن ﹾاﻷﹶ ﹾﻣ ﹶﺮ ُأ ُﻧ ٌ‬
‫ﻒ?‪.‬‬ ‫ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺷ ْﺄﻧِ ِﻬ ْﻢ ‪َ ,−‬و َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺰ ُﻋ ُﻤ َ‬
‫ـﻒ ﺑِ ِـﻪ‬
‫ـﻢ ُﺑ َـﺮآ ُء ِﻣﻨﱢﱢـﻲ‪َ ,‬وا ﱠﻟ ِـﺬي َﻳ ْﺤ ِﻠ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﻚ; َﻓ َـﺄ ْﺧﺒِ ْﺮ ُﻫ ْﻢ َأ ﱢﻧﱢـﻲ َﺑـﺮِي ٌء ﻣـﻨْ ُْﻬ ْﻢ‪َ ,‬و َأ ﱠﻧ ُﱠﻬ ْ‬ ‫ﻴـﺖ ُأو َﻟﺌِ َ‬
‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ? :‬ﻓـﺈِ َذا َﻟ ِﻘ َ‬
‫َﻋ ْﺒﺪُُ اﷲ ِ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ َﻟ ْﻮ َأ ﱠن ِﻷَ َﺣ ِﺪ ِﻫ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﺜ َﻞ ) ُأ ُﺣ ٍﺪ( َذ َﻫ ًﺒﺎ; َﻓ َﺄ ْﻧ َﻔ َﻘ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬ﻣﺎ َﻗﺒِ َﻞ اﷲُ ِﻣﻨْ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬ﺣ ﱠﺘﱠﻰ ُﻳ ْﺆ ِﻣ َﻦ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻘ َﺪَ ِر‪.?‬‬
‫ﺎب; َﻗ َﺎل‪ :‬‬ ‫ُﺛ ﱠﻢ; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨ ِﻲ َأﺑِﻲ‪ُ :‬ﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ ْﺑ ُﻦ ْاﻟ َﺨ ﱠﻄ ِ‬

‫ﺎب‪,‬‬ ‫اﻟﺜ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺎض ﱢ‬‫ات َﻳ ْﻮ ٍم‪ ,‬إِ ْذ َﻃ َﻠ َﻊ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ‪َ :‬ﺷ ِﺪ ُﻳﺪ َﺑ َﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪َ ‬ذ َ‬ ‫? َﺑﻴﻨَﻤﺎ َﻧ ْﺤ ُﻦ ِﻋﻨْ َﺪ رﺳ ِ‬
‫َ ُ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﻔﺮِ‪َ ,‬و َﻻ َﻳ ْﻌﺮِ ُﻓ ُﻪ ِﻣ ﱠﻨﺎ َأ َﺣ ٌﺪ‪َ ,‬ﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ َﺟ َﻠ َﺲ إِ َﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱢﻲ ‪; ‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺸ َﻌﺮِ‪َ ,‬ﻻ ُﻳ َﺮى َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﻪ َأ َﺛ ُﺮ ﱠ‬ ‫اد ﱠ‬ ‫َﺷ ِﺪ ُﻳﺪ ﺳﻮ ِ‬
‫َ َ‬
‫ﺨ َﺬ ْﻳ ِﻪ?‪.‬‬
‫َﻓ َﺄﺳﻨَ َﺪ ر ْﻛﺒ َﺘﻴ ِﻪ إِ َﻟﻰ ر ْﻛﺒ َﺘﻴ ِﻪ‪ ,‬وو َﺿﻊ َﻛ ﱠﻔﻴ ِﻪ ﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻓ ِ‬
‫ُ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ‬ ‫ْ ُ َ ْ‬
‫َو َﻗ َﺎل‪? :‬ﻳﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ُﺪ ‪َ ..‬أ ْﺧﺒِ ْﺮﻧِﻲ َﻋ ِﻦ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ِم?‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ‪,‬‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ُم‪َ :‬أ ْن َﺗ ْﺸ َﻬ َﺪ َأ ْن َﻻ إِ َﻟ َﻪ إِ ﱠﻻ اﷲُ‪َ ,‬و َأ ﱠن ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ًﺪا َر ُﺳ ُ‬‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪ِ ْ » :‬‬ ‫َﻓ َﻘ َﺎل َر ُﺳ ُ‬
‫ﺖ إِ َﻟ ْﻴ ِﻪ َﺳﺒِ ًﻴﻼ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺖ إِ ِن ْاﺳ َﺘ َﻄ ْﻌ َ‬
‫ﺎن‪َ ,‬و َﺗ ُﺤ ﱠﺞ ْاﻟ َﺒ ْﻴ َ‬
‫ﻮم َر َﻣ َﻀ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ َﻼ َة‪َ ,‬و ُﺗ ْﺆﺗِ َﻲ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺰ َﻛ َﺎة‪َ ,‬و َﺗ ُﺼ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻢ ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َو ُﺗﻘ َ‬
‫ﺖ?‪.‬‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ? :‬ﺻ َﺪ ْﻗ َ‬
‫ﺠ ْﺒﻨَﺎ َﻟ ُﻪ‪َ :‬ﻳ ْﺴ َﺄ ُﻟ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬و ُﻳ َﺼ ﱢﺪ ُﻗ ُﻪ!‬
‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﻓ َﻌ ِ‬

‫ﺎن?‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻤ ِ‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ? :‬ﻓ َﺄ ْﺧﺒِ ْﺮﻧِﻲ َﻋ ِﻦ ْ ِ‬

‫اﻹ َ‬
‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ » :‬أ ْن ُﺗ ْﺆ ِﻣ َﻦ ﺑِﺎﷲ ِ‪َ ,‬و َﻣ َﻼﺋِ َﻜﺘِ ِﻪ‪َ ,‬و ُﻛ ُﺘﺒِ ِﻪ‪َ ,‬و ُر ُﺳ ِﻠ ِﻪ‪َ ,‬و ْاﻟ َﻴ ْﻮ ِم ْاﻵ ِﺧﺮِ‪َ ,‬و ُﺗ ْﺆ ِﻣ َﻦ ﺑِ ْﺎﻟ َﻘ َﺪ ِر َﺧ ْﻴﺮِ ِه َو َﺷ ﱢﺮ ِه«‪.‬‬
‫ﺖ?‪.‬‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ? :‬ﺻ َﺪ ْﻗ َ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺣ َﺴ ِ‬
‫ﺎن?‪.‬‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ? :‬ﻓ َﺄ ْﺧﺒِ ْﺮﻧِﻲ َﻋ ِﻦ ْ ِ‬

‫ﻚ َﺗ َﺮ ُاه‪َ ,‬ﻓﺈِ ْن َﻟ ْﻢ َﺗ ُﻜ ْﻦ َﺗ َﺮ ُاه; َﻓﺈِ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﻳ َﺮ َ‬

‫اك«‪.‬‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ » :‬أ ْن َﺗ ْﻌ ُﺒ َﺪ اﷲَ; َﻛ َﺄ ﱠﻧ َ‬
‫ﺎﻋ ِﺔ?‪K‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ? :‬ﻓ َﺄ ْﺧﺒِ ْﺮﻧﻲ َﻋ ِﻦ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﺋِ ِﻞ«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻮل َﻋﻨْ َﻬﺎ ﺑِ َﺄ ْﻋ َﻠ َﻢ ﻣ َﻦ ﱠ‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ » :‬ﻣﺎ ْاﻟ َﻤ ْﺴ ُﺌ ُ‬
‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ? :‬ﻓ َﺄ ْﺧﺒِ ْﺮﻧِﻲ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ َﻣ َﺎرﺗِ َﻬﺎ?‪.‬‬
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‫ﻮن ﻓِﻲ ْاﻟ ُﺒﻨْ َﻴ ِ‬

‫ﺎن«;‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ِ‬
‫ﺎء َﻳ َﺘ َﻄ َﺎو ُﻟ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ » :‬أ ْن َﺗﻠ َﺪ ْاﻷَ َﻣ ُﺔ َر ﱠﺑ َﺘ َﻬﺎ‪َ ,‬و َأ ْن َﺗ َﺮى ْاﻟ ُﺤ َﻔ َﺎة ْاﻟ ُﻌ َﺮ َاة ْاﻟ َﻌ َﺎﻟ َﺔ ِر َﻋ َ‬
‫ﺎء ﱠ‬
‫ﺖ َﻣ ِﻠﻴﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪ُ :‬ﺛ ﱠﻢ ْاﻧ َﻄ َﻠ َﻖ; َﻓ َﻠﺒِ ْﺜ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﺋِ ُﻞ?«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َﺎل ﻟﻲ‪َ » :‬ﻳﺎ ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ ‪َ ..‬أ َﺗ ْﺪ ِري َﻣ ِﻦ ﱠ‬
‫ﻮﻟ ُﻪ َأ ْﻋ َﻠ ُﻢ?‪.‬‬‫ﺖ‪? :‬اﷲُ َو َر ُﺳ ُ‬ ‫ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬
‫ﺎﻛ ْﻢ ُﻳ َﻌ ﱢﻠ ُﻤ ُﻜ ْﻢ ِدﻳﻨَ ُﻜ ْﻢ«( )‪.(٩‬‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ » :‬ﻓﺈِ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ ِﺟ ْﺒﺮِ ُ‬
‫ﻳﻞ‪َ :‬أ َﺗ ُ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪   ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫]ﺑﺎب ﻓِﻲ َﻗﻮﻟِ ِﻪ َﺗﻌ َﺎﻟﻰ‪ :‬ﱡ۞ َهٰ َذان َخ ۡص َ‬
‫ان ٱخ َت َص ُموا ِف َر ّب ِ ِه ۡمۖ ﱠ ] َاﻟﺤ ّﺞ‪[ [١٩ :‬‬
‫)‪(١٠‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َ ٌ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺲ ْﺑ ِ‬
‫ـﻦ‬ ‫ـﻦ َﻗـ ْﻴ ِ‬ ‫ـﻦ َأﺑِـﻲ ﻣ ْﺠ َﻠ ٍـﺰ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْ‬ ‫ــ َﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ َﻋ ْﻤ ُﺮو ْﺑ ُﻦ زُُ َر َار َة; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪﱠ َﺛ َﻨَﺎ ُﻫ َﺸ ْﻴ ٌﻢ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َﻫﺎﺷـ ٍﻢٍ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْ‬
‫ۡ‬ ‫ـموا ْ ف َر ّ‬ ‫َۡ َ‬ ‫ﺖ َأﺑﺎ َذر‪ ,‬ﻳ ْﻘ ِﺴﻢ َﻗﺴـﻤﺎ‪ :‬إِ ﱠن ﱡ۞ َهٰ َذ َ ۡ َ‬
‫اﻟﺤـ ّﺞ‪[١٩ :‬‬‫َ‬ ‫]‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ان ٱختص ُ ِ ِ ِ ۖ‬
‫ـم‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ان خصم ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ُﻋ َﺒﺎد‪َ ,‬ﻗ َﺎل‪َ ) :‬ﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُ َ ﱟ ُ ُ َ ً‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬

‫ث‪َ ,‬و ُﻋ ْﺘ َﺒ ُﺔُ‪َ ,‬و َﺷـ ْﻴ َﺒ ُﺔ ا ْﺑﻨََـﺎ َرﺑِﻴ َﻌـ َﺔَ‪,‬‬ ‫ﺎر ِ‬
‫ﻳﻦ َﺑ َﺮ ُزُ وا َﻳ ْﻮ َم ) َﺑﺪْْ ٍر(‪َ :‬ﺣ ْﻤ َﺰ ُةُ‪َ ,‬و َﻋ ِﻠﻲ‪َ ,‬و ُﻋ َﺒ ْﻴ َﺪَ ُة ْﺑ ُﻦ ا ْﻟ َﺤ ِ‬ ‫إِ ﱠﻧﱠﻬﺎ َﻧﺰََ َﻟ ْ ِ ِ‬
‫ﱞ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻓﻲ ا ﱠﻟﺬ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َوا ْﻟ َﻮﻟِﻴﺪُُ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻋ ْﺘ َﺒ َﺔ (‪.‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﻊ ‪............‬‬ ‫ــ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ َأ ُﺑﻮ َﺑ ْﻜ ♣ﺮٍِ ‪ ,‬ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َﺷ ْﻴ َﺒ َﺔ; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ َوﻛ ٌ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﻌﺎ; َﻋ ْﻦ ُﺳ ْﻔ َﻴ َ‬
‫ﺎن‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ِﻦ‪َ ,‬ﺟﻤ ً‬ ‫وﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨﻲ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ُﺪ ْﺑ ُﻦ ْاﻟ ُﻤ َﺜ ﱠﻨﻰ; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َﻨﺎ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ ﱠ‬ ‫ــ )ح( َ‬
‫ﺲ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎد; َﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫َأﺑِﻲ َﻫﺎﺷ ٍﻢ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ﻣ ْﺠ َﻠ ٍﺰ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َﻗ ْﻴ ِ ْ ُ َ‬

‫ﻳﺚ ُﻫ َﺸ ْﻴ ٍﻢ )‪.(١١‬‬‫ﺖ‪ :‬ﱡ َهٰ َذان َخ ۡص َمان ﱠ ‪ ( ...‬ﺑِ ِﻤ ْﺜ ِﻞ ﺣ ِﺪ ِ‬ ‫ﺖ َأ َﺑﺎ َذ ﱟر ُﻳ ْﻘ ِﺴ ُﻢ َﻟ َﻨ َﺰ َﻟ ْ‬

‫) َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ــﺎﻣ َﺮة‪ ,(٢٨/١) :‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻــﻴﻞ‪ (٣٥١/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِــﺰ‪ (٢٣/١) :‬ح )‪َ ,(١٠٢‬ﻋ ْﺒــﺪ اﻟ َﺒــﺎﻗِﻲ‪ (٣٦ /١) :‬ح )‪َ ,(١‬وﻓِــﻲ‬ ‫ــﺎة‪ (٢٨/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ا ْﻟﻌ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ــﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺴــ ِﻠ ٍﻢ « دار َﻃــﻮ ِق اﻟ ﱠﻨﱠﺠ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ ُ ْ‬ ‫ُ ُ ْ‬
‫)‪ » (٩‬ﺻ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُﻮر َﻳﺎل‪/٥) :٢‬أ(‪ُ ,‬ﻛُﻮ ْﺑﺮِﻳﻠﻲ‪/٥) :‬ب(‪.‬‬ ‫ُﻮر َﻳﺎل‪/٧) :١‬ب(‪ ,‬اﻻ ْﺳ ُﻜ ْ‬ ‫َﻣ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃﺎت‪ :‬ا ْﺑﻦ َﺧﻴِﺮٍ‪/٩) :‬ب(‪ ,‬اﻻ ْﺳ ُﻜ ْ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُﻮر َﻳﺎل‪/٢٠٦) :٢‬ب(‪.‬‬ ‫)‪َ (١٠‬ﻣﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓ ْﻴ ِﻦ ِز َﻳﺎ َد ٌة َﺛﺎﺑِ َﺘ ٌﺔ ﻓﻲ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ‪ :‬ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺧ ْﻴﺮٍ )‪/٤٣٥‬ب( و ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ اﻻ ْﺳ ُﻜ ْ‬
‫ـــــﺎﻣ َﺮة )‪ ,(٢٤٥/٨‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻـــــﻴﻞ‪ (٤٤٩/٧) :‬ح )‪ ,(٣١٤٥‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِـــــﺰ‪ (١٢٧٣/٢) :‬ح )‪,(٧٧٤٨−٧٧٤٧‬‬ ‫ـــــﺎة‪ (٢٤٥/٨) :‬ح )‪ ,(٣٠٣٣‬ا ْﻟﻌ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ـــــﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺴـــــ ِﻠ ٍﻢ « دار َﻃـــــﻮ ِق اﻟ ﱠﻨﱠﺠ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫ُ ُ ْ‬
‫)‪ » (١١‬ﺻ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ُﻮر َﻳﺎل‪/٢٠٦) :٢‬ب(‪ُ ,‬ﻛُﻮ ْﺑﺮِ ِﻳﻠﻲ‪/٢٦٦) :‬ب(‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُﻮر َﻳﺎل‪/٢٩٤) :١‬أ(‪ ,‬و ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ اﻻ ْﺳ ُﻜ ْ‬ ‫َﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﻟ َﺒﺎﻗﻲ‪ (٢٣٢٣/٤) :‬ح )‪َ ,(٣٠٣٣‬وﻓﻲ َﻣ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃﺎت‪ :‬ا ْﺑﻦ َﺧﻴِﺮٍ‪/٤٣٥) :‬ب(‪ ,‬و ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ اﻻ ْﺳ ُﻜ ْ‬
‫ف اﻟ ﱡﻨ َﱡﺴـﺦِِ ا ْﻟﺨََ ﱢﻄ ﱠﻴ ِـﺔ‬ ‫ـﻚ ِﻻ ْﺧـﺘِ َﻼ ِ‬ ‫ـﺎب َﻛ ََـﺬا ‪ ;?‬و َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫* َﺗﻨْﺒِﻴﻪ‪ِ :‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻌ ُﻠﻮ ِم أنﱠﱠ ا ْﻟﺤﺎﻓِ َﻆ ﻣﺴ ِﻠﻤﺎ َﺗَﺮﺟﻢ اﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ ِ‬
‫ـﺎل ‪َ ?‬ﺑ ُ‬ ‫اب; َﻓ َﻘ َ‬ ‫َﺎب َﻛ ََﺬا ‪ ;?‬ﻟ َﻜﻨﱠﻨََﺎ ﻻ َﻧ َْﺠ ِﺰ ُم أ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﺗ َْـﺮ َﺟ َﻢ ْاﻷَ ْﺑ َـﻮ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢِِ «; َﻓ َﻘ َﺎل ‪?‬ﻛ َﺘ ُ‬ ‫ُﺐ ﻓﻲ »ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨََﺪ ﱠ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ْ ً َ َ ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٌ َ ْ ْ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﺧﺘ َﻼ ًﻓﺎ َﻛَﺜ ًﻴﺮا ﻓﻲ‪ :‬إ ْﺛ َﺒﺎت َﺗ ََﺮاﺟ ِﻢ ْاﻷَ ْﺑ َﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﱠ ِﱠﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻗـﺎل‬‫ﻮص اﻟ ﱠﺘ َﱠﺮاﺟ ِﻢ ﻣ ْﻦ َﺗ ْﻘﺪﻳ ٍﻢ أ ْو َﺗَﺄﺧﻴﺮ‪ ,‬أ ْو ز َﻳﺎ َدة أ ْو َﺣ ْﺬف‪ ,‬أ ْو َﺑ َـﺪَ ل; َ‬ ‫اب‪َ ,‬وﻓﻲ َﺣ ْﺬﻓ َﻬﺎ‪َ ,‬وﻓﻲ‪ُ :‬ﻧ ُُﺼ ِ‬ ‫ُﻮر َﻳﺎل‪َ ,‬و َﻏ ْﻴﺮ َﻫﺎ‪ْ −‬‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺔ ‪َ −‬ﻛﻨُ ُْﺴﺨََ ﺔ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺧ ْﻴﺮ‪ ,‬واﻻ ْﺳ ُﻜ ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻚ (‪» .‬‬ ‫ﺎب َأ ْو ﻟِ َﻐ ْﻴﺮِ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫اب; ﻟِ َﺌ ﱠَﻼ َﻳ ْﺰ َدا َد َﺑﻬﺎ َﺣ ْﺠ ُﻢ ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬‫اﺟ َﻢ ْاﻷَ ْﺑ َﻮ ِ‬‫اب; َﻓ ُﻬ َﻮ ُﻣ َﺒ ﱠﻮ ٌب ﻓِﻲ ا ْﻟ َﺤ ِﻘﻴ َﻘ ِﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﻟﻜِﻨﱠ ُﻪ َﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺬ ُﻛ ْﺮ ﻓِ ِﻴﻪ َﺗ ْﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻛِ َﺘَﺎ َﺑ ُﻪ َﻋ َﻠﻰ ْاﻷَ ْﺑ َﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼ ِحِ ‪ُ ) :‬ﺛ ﱠﻢ إِ ﱠنﱠ ُﻣ ْﺴﻠ ًﻤﺎ ‪َ ~ −‬وإِ ﱠﻳﺎ َﻧﺎ ‪َ −‬ر ﱠﺗ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ ﱠ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم ﻓِﻲ‪ِ » :‬ﺳ َﻴﺮِ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼ ِء « )‪.(٥٥٧/١٢‬‬ ‫ﻴﻌ ِﻪ‪ ,‬وﻟِ ْﻠ َﻤ ْﺴ َﺄ َﻟ ِﺔ َﺗَﺘِ ﱠﻤ ٌﺔٌ‪َ ,‬و َﺗ َْﺮ َﺟ َﻤ ُﺔ ْ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺢِ ﻣﺴ ِﻠ ٍﻢ « ص )‪ ,(١٠٣‬وﻣﻊ ﻫ َﺬا َﻓﻼ َﻧَﺴ َﺘَﻄِﻴﻊ إِﻫﻤﺎ َﻟﻬﺎ; ِﻷَ ﱠﻧﱠﻬﺎ َﻗﺪْْ َﺗ ُﻜﻮنُُ ِﻣﻦ ﺻﻨ ِ ِ‬
‫ْ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ ُ ْ َ َ‬ ‫ََ َ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺻ َﻴﺎ َﻧ ُﺔ َﺻﺤ ِ ُ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
 ‫‪٨‬‬

‫ُ‬ ‫ُّ َ‬
‫)‪ » (٣‬اﻟﺴﻦﻨ «‬
‫َ َ ُ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ِّ ِّ ْ َ ِّ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ِّ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫ﺮﺼي~ )‪٢٧٥-٢٠٢‬ﻫ( ‪ ‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اﻛ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ز‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﺚ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻌ‬‫ﺷ‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺎن‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫؛‬ ‫د‬‫او‬‫د‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻆ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻟ ِﻠ‬

‫ﺎن اﻟﺴ ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫‪َ ‬وﺑِ َﻬﺎ إِ َﻟﻰ ْ ِ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻨَ ِﻦ(‪:‬‬
‫ﺠ ْﺴ َﺘﺎﻧ ﱢﻲ; ﻓﻲ ) ﱡ‬ ‫ﺎم َأﺑِﻲ َد ُاو َد‪ُ ,‬ﺳ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻤ َ ﱢ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣ ِ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫اﻟﻄ َﻬ َﺎر ِة‬
‫ﺎب ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻛ َﺘ ُ‬
‫ﺎﺟ ِﺔ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺘ َﺨ ﱢﻠﻲ ﻋﻨْ َﺪ َﻗ َﻀﺎء ْاﻟ َﺤ َ‬ ‫َﺑ ٌ ُ‬
‫ﺎب♣ ‪ :‬ﱠ‬
‫ﺐ ْاﻟ َﻘ ْﻌﻨَﺒِ ﱡﻲ; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﺰ ِﻳﺰ ‪َ −‬ﻳ ْﻌﻨ ِﻲ‪ْ :‬اﺑ َﻦ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ‪,−‬‬ ‫ــ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ اﷲ ِ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻣ ْﺴ َﻠ َﻤ َﺔ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻗ ْﻌﻨَ ٍ‬

‫َﻋ ْﻦ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ‪َ −‬ﻳ ْﻌﻨ ِﻲ‪ْ :‬اﺑ َﻦ َﻋ ْﻤﺮٍو ‪َ ,−‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َﺳ َﻠ َﻤ َﺔ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ ْاﻟ ُﻤ ِﻐ َﻴﺮ ِة ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﺷ ْﻌ َﺒ َﺔ‪:‬‬
‫) َأ ﱠن اﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱠﻲ ‪َ ‬ﻛ َ‬
‫ﺎن إِ َذا َذ َﻫ َﺐ ْاﻟ َﻤ ْﺬ َﻫ َﺐ َأ ْﺑ َﻌ َﺪ ( ‪‬‬
‫ـﺎل‪َ :‬أ ْﺧﺒﺮ َﻧــﺎ إِﺳــﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻋ ُ‬ ‫ـﻦ ُﻳــﻮ ُﻧ َُﺲ; َﻗـ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ـﻦ ُﻣ َﺴـ ْـﺮ َﻫ ٍﺪ; َﻗـ َ‬
‫ﻴﻞ ْﺑـ ُ‬
‫ـﻦ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫ـﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣـ ﱠـﺪﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ ﻋ َ‬
‫ﻴﺴــﻰ ْﺑـ ُ‬ ‫ـ ـ َﺣــﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ ُﻣ َﺴــﺪﱠﱠ ُد ْﺑـ ُ‬
‫ﻚ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ اﻟﺰﱡﱡ َﺑ ْﻴﺮِ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َﺟﺎﺑِﺮِ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﷲ ِ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒ ِﺪ ا ْﻟﻤ ِﻠ ِ‬
‫َْ َ‬
‫ﱪ ﹶاز ♣ ْاﻧ َﻄ َﻠ َﻖ‪َ ,‬ﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ َﻻ َﻳ َﺮ ُاه َأ َﺣ ٌﺪ ( )‪.(١٢‬‬ ‫) َأ ﱠن اﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱠﻲ ‪َ ‬ﻛ َ ِ َ ِ‬
‫ﺎن إ َذا أ َر َاد ﹾاﻟ ﹶ ﹶ‬

‫ﺎدي‪ :‬ص)‪ (٥٣‬ح )‪ ,(٢)(١‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻﻴﻞ‪ (٦/٢) :‬ح )‪ُ ,(٢)(١‬ﺷ َﻌ ْﻴﺐ‪ (٣/١) :‬ح )‪َ ,(٢)(١‬ﻋ ﱠﻮ َاﻣﺔ‪ (١٥٠/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(٢)(١‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِﺰ‪ (٢/١) :‬ح )‪ْ ,(٢)(١‬اﻷَ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧِ ّﻲ‪−‬‬ ‫)‪ » (١٢‬ﺳﻨَﻦ َأﺑِﻲ داود « ﻫ ِ‬
‫َ ُ َ َ‬ ‫ُ ُ‬
‫ﺎت‪ :‬ﺑِ َﺮ ْﻧْﺴ ُﺘُﻮن‪/٣) :‬أ(‪ ,‬ا ْﺑﻦ َﺣ َﺠﺮٍ‪/٢) :‬أ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻮرﻳﻨ ِﻲ‪ ,(٢/١) :‬وﻓِﻲ ﻣﺨْْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ‪ (١/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(٢)(١‬ا ْﻟ ُﻬ ِ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻦ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٧‬ح )‪ ,(٢)(١‬ا ْﻟ َﺨَ ﺎﻟِ ِﺪي‪ (٤١/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(٢)(١‬ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺤ ِﻤ ِ‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َْ َ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﺢ ﻟ َﻐ ْﻴﺮه (‪.‬‬‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪﻳ َﺜ ْﻴ ِﻦ‪َ ) :‬ﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ ﻟ َﺸ َﻮاﻫﺪه ا ْﻟ َﻜﺜ َﻴﺮة; ﻣﻨْ َﻬﺎ ا ﱠﻟﺬي َﻗ ْﺒ َﻠ ُﻪ (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺤ ﱢﻘ َﻘﺎ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ ( َو َﻗ َﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻟ ﱠﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫ث ا ْﻟ َﻌ ْﺼﺮِ ْاﻷ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧ ﱡﻲ ﻓﻲ ْاﻷَ ﱠول‪َ ) :‬ﺣ َﺴ ٌﻦ َﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل ُﻣ َﺤﺪﱢﱢ ُ‬ ‫‪َ −‬‬
‫ﺎب (‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺬ َﻫ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ « ُﻫ َﻮ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ ِﺿ ُﻊ ا ﱠﻟ ِﺬي ُﻳ َﺘ َﻐ ﱠﻮ ُط ﻓِ ِﻴﻪ‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻮ َﻣ ْﻔ َﻌ ٌﻞ ِﻣ َﻦ ﱢ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣ ُﺔ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ ْاﻷَﺛﻴﺮِ‪ » ) :‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺬ َﻫ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ‪ :‬إِ َذا َﺗ َﻐ ﱠﻮ َط‪َ ,‬و ُﻫـ َﻮ َأ ْنْ َﻳ ْﺨْ ـ ُﺮ َج‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎﺟ ِﺔ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ ْﻧ َﺴ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﺳ ِﻊ ِﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَ ْر ِ‬ ‫ﺎء ا ْﻟﻮ ِ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎء ا ْﻟﻤ ْﻔ ُﺘ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎن; َﻛ َﻤﺎ َﻛﻨﱠ ْﻮا ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﺨَ َﻼء َﻋﻨْ ُﻪ; ُﻳ َﻘ ُﺎل‪َ :‬ﺗ َﺒ ﱠﺮ َز ﱠ‬ ‫ض‪َ ,‬ﻛﻨﱠ ْﻮا ﺑِﻪ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺣ َ‬ ‫اﺳ ٌﻢ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔ َﻀ َ‬ ‫ﻮﺣﺔ‪ْ −‬‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﻟ َﺨَ ﱠﻄﺎﺑِ ﱡﻲ‪») :‬ا ْﻟ َﺒ َﺮا ُز « ‪ −‬ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﺒ َ َ‬
‫ب ُﻣ َﺒ َﺎر َز ًة َوﺑِ َﺮا ًزا (‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ َﻞ ﻓِﻲ ا ْﻟ َﺤ ْﺮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ َو ِاة; َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُﻟ َ‬
‫ﻮنَ ‪ :‬ا ْﻟﺒِ َﺮا ُز ‪ −‬ﺑِ َﻜ ْﺴﺮِ ا ْﻟ َﺒﺎء ‪َ −‬و ُﻫ َﻮ َﻏ َﻠ ٌﻂ‪َ ,‬وإِ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ا ْﻟﺒِ َﺮا ُز َﻣ ْﺼ َﺪَ ُر‪َ :‬ﺑ َﺎر ْز ُت ﱠ‬ ‫إِ َﻟﻰ ا ْﻟ َﺒ َﺮ ِاز; َﻛ َﻤﺎ ُﻳ َﻘ ُﺎل‪َ :‬ﺗ َﺨَ ﱠﻠﻰ‪ :‬إِ َذا َﺻ َﺎر إِ َﻟﻰ ا ْﻟ َﺨَ َﻼ‪َ ,‬و َأ ْﻛ َﺜ ُﺮ ﱡ‬
‫ﺎء و َﻓ ْﺘ ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺤ َﻬﺎ (‪.‬‬ ‫ﻴﺢ َأ ْو َأ َﺻ ﱡﺢ (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل‪ُ ) :‬ﻫ َﻮ ﺑِ َﻜ ْﺴﺮِ ا ْﻟ َﺒ َ‬ ‫ي َﻗﺎﺋ ًﻼ‪َ ) :‬ﻫ َﺬا َﻛ َﻼ ُم ا ْﻟ َﺨَ ﱠﻄﺎﺑِ ﱢﻲ‪َ ,‬و َﻗ ﱠﻠ َﺪَ ُه ﻓﻴﻪ َﺟ َﻤﺎ َﻋ ٌﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ ا ْﻟ َﻜ ْﺴ ُﺮ َﻏ َﻠ ًﻄﺎ ‪َ −‬ﻛ َﻤﺎ َﻗ َﺎل ‪َ ;−‬ﺑ ْﻞ ُﻫ َﻮ َﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫ﺐ ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣ ُﺔ اﻟﻨﱠ َﱠﻮ ِو ﱡ‬
‫‪ُ −‬ﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻋ ﱠﻘ َ‬
‫ﱠـﺎس‪َ ,‬واﻟﺒِ َـﺮا ُز‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬
‫ـﻢ َﻛَـﺎ ُﻧُﻮا َﻳ َﺘ َﺒ ﱠـﺮ ُزُونََ ﻓـﻲ ْاﻷَ ْﻣﻜ َﻨَـﺔ ا ْﻟﺨََ ﺎﻟ َﻴـﺔ ﻣ َ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣ ُﺔ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ ْاﻷَﺛﻴﺮِ‪» ) :‬ا ْﻟ َﺒ َﺮا ُز «‪ − :‬ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻔ ْﺘ ِْﺢِ ‪ْ −‬‬
‫اﺳ ٌﻢ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻔ َﻀﺎء ا ْﻟ َﻮاﺳ ِﻊِ‪َ ,‬ﻓ َﻜ ﱠﻨﱠﻮا ﺑِﻪ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻗ َﻀﺎء ا ْﻟ َﻐَﺎﺋﻂ; َﻛ ََﻤﺎ َﻛﻨﱠ ْﻮا َﻋﻨْ ُﻪ ﺑِـﺎ ْﻟ َﺨَ َﻼء; ﻷَ ﱠﻧ ُﱠﻬ ْ‬
‫اء ‪َ −‬و ُﻫ َﻮ‪ :‬ا ْﻟ َﻐَﺎﺋِ ُﻂ‪.( −‬‬‫ب‪ ,‬و » ا ْﻟﺒِﺮا ُز «‪َ :‬أﻳ ًﻀﺎ ﻛِ َﻨَﺎﻳ ٌﺔ ﻋﻦ ُﺛ ْﻔﻞ ا ْﻟ ِﻐ َﺬ ِ‬
‫َ َ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫‪ −‬ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻜ َْﺴﺮِ ‪ :−‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺒ َﺎر َزَة ﻓﻲ ا ْﻟ َﺤ ْﺮ ِ َ‬
‫ﺐ‪,‬‬ ‫ض‪َ ,‬و َﻳـ ْﺪْ ُﺧ ُﻞ ﻓِـﻲ َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨَـﺎ ُه‪ِ :‬اﻻ ْﺳـﺘِ َﺘ ُﺎر ﺑِ ْﺎﻷَ ْﺑﻨ ِ َﻴـ ِﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﺿـ ْﺮ ُب ا ْﻟ ُﺤ ُﺠـ ِ‬ ‫احٍ ِﻣـ َﻦ ْاﻷَ ْر ِ‬ ‫ﺎنَ ﻓِـﻲ َﺑـ َﺮ ٍ‬ ‫ﺎس‪ ,‬إِ َذا َﻛَـ َ‬ ‫ﺎﺟ ِﺔ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺣ ْﻀ َﺮ ِة اﻟ ﱠﻨﱠـ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﺎب اﻟ ﱠﺘ َﺒﺎ ُﻋﺪ ﻋ ْﻨ َﺪَ ا ْﻟ َﺤ َ‬
‫ب‪ِ :‬‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫* َو َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﻟﺨََ ﱠﻄﺎﺑِ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬وﻓﻴﻪ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَ َد ِ ْ‬
‫اﺳﺘ ْﺤ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ﻮر اﻟﺴﺎﺗِﺮ ِة ﻟِ ْﻠﻌﻮر ِ‬ ‫ﺎر وا ْﻟﺤ َﻔﺎﺋِﺮِ ﻓِﻲ َﻧﺤ ِﻮ َذﻟِ َ ِ‬
‫ات (‪.‬‬ ‫ﻚ ﻓﻲ ْاﻷُ ُﻣ ِ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﺎق ْاﻵ َﺑ ِ َ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ُﺘ ِ‬
‫ﻮر‪َ ,‬وإِ ْﻋ َﻤ ُ‬ ‫َوإِ ْر َﺧﺎ ُء ﱡ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺧ َﺮاجِِ ; ِﻷَنﱠﱠ ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ﱠُﻞ ُﻣ ْﺴ َﺘ َْﻬ َﺠ ٌﻦ (‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎس َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻪ ْ‬
‫إﺧ َﻔﺎ ُء ْ ِ‬ ‫إﺧ َﻔﺎ ُء ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﺘ َْﻬ َﺠ ِﻦ ِﻣ ْﻦ ا ْﻟ َﺨَ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ِجِ ; َﻓ ُﻴ َﻘ ُ‬ ‫ﺎﻫ ُﺮ َأنﱠﱠ ا ْﻟ ِﻌ ﱠﻠ َﺔ ْ‬
‫ﺎﺿﻲ ا ْﻟﺤﺎﺟ ِﺔ‪ ,‬واﻟ ﱠﻈ ِ‬
‫َ َ َ‬
‫ﺎد ﻟِ َﻘ ِ‬ ‫اﻹﺑﻌ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻮ َﻛَﺎﻧِ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬وا ْﻟ َﺤ ِﺪ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺚ َﻳ ُﺪُ ﱡل َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻣ ْﺸ ُﺮوﻋ ﱠﻴﺔ ْ ِ ْ َ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ِ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ُم ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﺠـﺎ ُز; ﻓِـﻲ َﺷـ ْﺮ ِحِ ُﺳـﻨَ ِﻦ َأﺑِـﻲ َد ُاو َد « ص )‪َ » ,(٨٣‬ﻧ ْﻴ ُـﻞ‬ ‫اﻹ َ‬‫ﻳﺚ َو ْاﻷَ َﺛـﺮِ « )‪ِ ْ » ,(١٧٣/٢)(١١٨/١‬‬ ‫ﻳـﺐ ا ْﻟﺤ ِـﺪ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴـﻨَ َِﻦ « )‪ » ,(٩/١‬اﻟﻨﱢ َﱢﻬ َﺎﻳـ ُﺔ; ﻓـﻲ َﻏﺮِ ِ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﺲ ﻓـﻲ اﻟ ﱡﻠ َﻐَـﺔ « )‪َ » ,(٢١٨/١‬ﻣ َﻌـﺎﻟ ُﻢ ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬
‫» ا ْﻟ َﻤ َﻘﺎﻳِ ُ‬
‫ﻴﺢ ُﺳﻨَ ِﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َد ُاو َد ْاﻷُ ﱡم « )‪.(٢٣/١‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎر; َﺷ ْﺮ ُح ُﻣﻨْ َﺘ َﻘﻰ ْاﻷَ ْﺧ َﺒ ِ‬
‫ْاﻷَ ْو َﻃ ِ‬
‫ﺎر « )‪َ » ,(١٠١ /١‬ﺻﺤ ُ‬
 ‫‪٩‬‬

‫‪  ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺑ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺪ ْﻫ َﺮ‬
‫ﺐ ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ِﻞ َﻳ ُﺴ ﱡ‬
‫ﺎب ﻓﻲ ﱠ‬
‫َ ٌ‬
‫اﻟﺰ ْﻫﺮِ ﱢ‬
‫ي‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ‬ ‫ﺎن‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﺴ ْﺮ ِح; َﻗ َﺎﻻ‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ ُﺳ ْﻔ َﻴ ُ‬ ‫ﺎح ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﺳ ْﻔ َﻴ َ‬
‫ﺎن‪َ ,‬و ْاﺑ ُﻦ ﱠ‬ ‫ــ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ُﺪ ْﺑ ُﻦ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺼ ﱠﺒ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺪ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺮ َة‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱢﻲ ‪: ‬‬ ‫ﺳ ِﻌ ٍ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ْﻴ َﻞ َواﻟﻨﱠ َﻬ َﺎر?«‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﺪ ْﻫ َﺮ ‪َ −‬و َأ َﻧﺎ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺪ ْﻫ ُﺮ‪ ,−‬ﺑِ َﻴﺪي ْاﻷَ ْﻣ ُﺮ‪ُ ,‬أ َﻗ ﱢﻠ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻮل اﷲُ ‪ُ ? : ‬ﻳ ْﺆ ِذﻳﻨﻲ ْاﺑ ُﻦ َآد َم‪َ :‬ﻳ ُﺴ ﱡ‬ ‫» َﻳ ُﻘ ُ‬

‫ﻴﺪ‪َ ] , −‬واﷲُ َأ ْﻋ َﻠ ُﻢ[ )‪.(١٣‬‬ ‫ﺎن‪ :‬ﺳ ِﻌ ٍ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ْﺮ ِح‪َ :‬ﻋ ِﻦ ْاﺑ ِﻦ ْاﻟ ُﻤ َﺴ ﱢﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ‪َ −‬ﻣ َﻜ َ َ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ْاﺑ ُﻦ ﱠ‬

‫ﺎدي‪ :‬ص)‪ (١٠٦٠‬ح )‪ ,(٥٢٧٤‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻﻴﻞ‪ (٥٩٠/٧) :‬ح )‪ُ ,(٥١٨٥‬ﺷـ َﻌ ْﻴﺐ‪ (٥٤٤/٧) :‬ح )‪َ ,(٥٢٧٤‬ﻋ ﱠﻮ َاﻣـﺔ‪ (٤٥٨/٥) :‬ح )‪ ,(٥٢٣٢‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِـﺰ‪ (٨٧٨/٢) :‬ح‬ ‫)‪ » (١٣‬ﺳﻨَﻦ َأﺑِﻲ داود « ﻫ ِ‬
‫َ ُ َ َ‬ ‫ُ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻤﻴـﺪ‪ (٣٦٩/٤) :‬ح )‪ ,(٥٢٧٤‬ا ْﻟ ُﻬـﻮرﻳﻨ ّﻲ‪َ ,(٢٢٨/٢) :‬وﻓـﻲ َﻣ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃـﺎت‪ :‬ﺑِ َﺮ ْﻧْﺴـ ُﺘُﻮن‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي‪ (٣٧٢/٣) :‬ح )‪َ ,(٥٢٧٤‬ﻋ ْﺒـﺪ َ‬ ‫)‪ْ ,(٥٢٧٦‬اﻷَ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧ ّﻲ‪َ −‬ﺣ َﺴﻦ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٩٥٢‬ح )‪ ,(٥٢٧٤‬ا ْﻟ َﺨَ ﺎﻟﺪ ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ث اﻟ َﻌ ْﺼﺮِ ْاﻷ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﺻﺤ ٌ‬
‫ﻴﺢ(‪.‬‬ ‫)‪/١٩١‬ب(‪ ,‬ا ْﺑﻦ َﺣ َﺠﺮٍ‪/٣٢٥) :‬ب(‪َ ,‬‬
‫وﻗﺎل ُﻣ َﺤ ﱢﺪﱢ ُ‬
‫ـﺎل اﷲ ِ‬ ‫اﻟـﺪﱠ ﻫﺮ ﻫـﻮ ا ْﻟ َﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻋ ُـﻞ; َﻓ ُﻴ ْﺴـﻨ ِﺪُُ ونََ َأ ْﻓ َﻌ َ‬ ‫ونَ َأ ﱠنﱠ ﱠ ْ َ ُ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﱠ ْﻫ َﺮ‪ ,‬إِ َذا َأ َﺻﺎ َﺑ ُﻬ ْﻢ ُﺿ ﱞﺮ َأ ْو َﺿ ْﻴ ٌﻢ َأ ْو َﻣ ْﻜ ُْﺮو ٌه‪ ,‬و َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُﻟﻮنََ ‪َ ? :‬ﻳﺎ َﺧ ْﻴ َﺒ َﺔ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ ْﻫﺮِ‪َ ,‬ﻓ َﻌ َﻞ ﺑِ َﻨَﺎ َﻛ ََﺬا َو َﻛ ََﺬا‪ِ ;?‬ﻷَ ﱠﻧ ُﻬﻢ َﻳ ْﻌ َﺘ َِﻘ ُـﺪُ َ‬ ‫ﻮنَ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎﻫ ِﻠ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ َﻳ ُﺴ ﱡﺒ َ‬
‫ﺖ‪َ :‬ﻛَﺎنََ ﻋﺮب ا ْﻟﺠ ِ‬
‫ََ ُ َ‬ ‫* ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎﻋ ُﻞ َﻣﺎ َﺗﻨْ ِﺴ ُﺒﻮ َﻧ ُﻪ إِ َﻟﻰ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ ْﻫﺮِ ﻓِﻲ َز ْﻋ ِﻤ ُﻜ ْﻢ; َﻓﻨُ ُﻬﻮا َﻋ ْﻦ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﻮاز َل‪ ,‬و َأ َﻧﺎ َﻓ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي‪َ :‬أ َﻧﺎ ا ﱠﻟﺬي ُأﺣ ﱡﻞ ﺑِ ِﻬ ُﻢ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺪﱠ ْﻫ ُﺮ«; َأ ْ‬
‫ﻚ ُﻫ َﻮ اﷲُ ‪َ ; ‬ﻓ َﻘ َﺎل اﷲُ ﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ‪َ » :‬أ َﻧَﺎ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎﻋ ُﻞ ﻟِ َﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫َﺗﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ إِ َﻟﻰ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ ﻫﺮِ‪ ,‬وﻳﺴﺒﻮ َﻧﻪ‪ ,‬وإِ ﱠﻧﱠﻤﺎ ا ْﻟ َﻔ ِ‬
‫ْ ََُ ﱡ ُ َ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﺳـ ٌﻢ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻮ ْﻗـﺖ َواﻟـ ﱠﺰ َﻣ ِﻦ; َﻗـ َﺎل اﷲُ َﺗ َﻌـﺎ َﻟﻰ‪َ −‬ﻋـ ْﻦ ُﻣﻨْﻜـﺮي‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﺳ ٌﻢ َﺟﺎﻣـ ٌﺪٌ ‪َ ,‬ﻻ َﻳ َﺘ َﻀـ ﱠﻤ ُﻦ َﻣ ْﻌ ًﻨًـﻰ ُﻳ ْﻠﺤ ُﻘـ ُﻪ ﺑ ْﺎﻷَ ْﺳـ َﻤﺎء ا ْﻟ ُﺤ ْﺴـﻨَﻰ‪َ ,‬وﻷَ ﱠﻧﱠـ ُﻪ ْ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ‪َ ) :‬واﻟﺪﱠﱠ ْﻫ ُﺮ َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ ﻣ ْﻦ أ ْﺳ َﻤﺎء اﷲ َﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ; ﻷَ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ ْ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣ ُﺔ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻋ َﺜ ْﻴﻤ َ‬
‫َّ ۡ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َ َ ُ َ ُّ ۡ َ َ ُ ُ َ ۡ َ َ َ ُ ۡ ُ َ ٓ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫ﺚ ‪ :−‬ﱡ َوقَال ُوا ْ َما ِ َ‬
‫ور اﻟ ﱠﻠﻴﺎﻟِﻲ َو ْاﻷَ ﱠﻳﺎ ِم‪.‬‬ ‫ٱله ُر ۚ ﱠ ُﻳﺮِ ُﻳﺪُ َ‬
‫ونَ ُﻣ ُﺮ َ‬ ‫ه إ ِ حياتنا ٱلنيا نموت ونيا وما يهل ِِكنا إ ِ‬
‫ا ْﻟﺒﻌ ِ‬
‫َْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻚ أ ﱠنﱠ اﻟـﺬ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫اﻟﺪﱠ ْﻫ َﺮ ﻣـ ْﻦ أ ْﺳـ َﻤﺎء اﷲ َﺗ َﻌـﺎ َﻟﻰ‪َ ,‬و َذﻟـ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﻴ َﻞ َواﻟ ﱠﻨ َﱠﻬ َﺎر«; َﻓ َﻼ َﻳ ُﺪُ ﱡل َﻋ َﻠﻰ أ ﱠنﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ ْﻫ َﺮ ‪َ −‬وأ َﻧَﺎ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ ْﻫ ُﺮ‪ ,−‬ﺑِ َﻴﺪي ْاﻷَ ْﻣ ُﺮ‪ ,‬أ َﻗ ﱢﻠ ُ‬ ‫َﻓ َﺄ ﱠﻣﺎ َﻗ ْﻮ ُﻟ ُﻪ ‪َ : ‬ﻗ َﺎل اﷲُ ‪ُ » : ‬ﻳﺆْْ ِذﻳﻨﻲ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ آ َد َم‪َ :‬ﻳ ُﺴ ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫اد ِ‬ ‫ﺎنَ ا ﱠﻟ ِﺬي ﻫﻮ ﻣﺤ ﱡﻞ ا ْﻟﺤﻮ ِ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﻴ َﻞ َواﻟ ﱠﻨ َﱠﻬ َﺎر «; َﻓ ُﻬ َﻮ ‪ُ −‬ﺳـ ْﺒ َﺤﺎ َﻧ ُﻪ ‪−‬‬ ‫ﻮنُ َﻣ ْﻌﻨَﻰ َﻗ ْﻮﻟﻪ‪َ » :‬و َأ َﻧَﺎ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ ْﻫ ُﺮ « َﻣﺎ َﻓ ﱠﺴ َﺮ ُه ﺑِ َﻘ ْﻮﻟﻪ‪ » :‬ﺑِ َﻴﺪي ْاﻷَ ْﻣ ُﺮ‪ُ ,‬أ َﻗ ﱢﻠ ُ‬ ‫ونَ اﷲَ َﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ; َﻓ َﻴ ُﻜ ُ‬ ‫ث‪َ ,‬ﻻ ُﻳﺮِ ُﻳﺪُ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ُ َ َ َ‬ ‫ونَ اﻟ ﱠﺰ َﻣ َ‬‫اﻟﺪﱠ ْﻫ َﺮ‪ ,‬إِ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ُﻳﺮِ ُﻳﺪُ َ‬
‫ﻮنَ ﱠ‬ ‫َﻳ ُﺴ ﱡﺒ َ‬
‫اﻟـﺪﱠ ْﻫ ُﺮ ﻓِـﻲ َﻫـ َﺬا‬ ‫ﻮنَ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺤ َﻬـﺎ‪َ , −‬وﺑِ َﻬـ َﺬا َﺗ َﺒـ ﱠﻴ َﻦ َأ ﱠﻧﱠـ ُﻪ ُﻳ ْﻤ َﺘ َﻨَـ ُﻊ َأ ْنْ َﻳ ُﻜُـ َ‬‫اﻟﻼ ِم‪ −‬ﻫﻮ ا ْﻟﻤ َﻘ ﱠﻠﺐ – ﺑِ َﻔ ْﺘ ِ‬
‫ُ َ ُ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ‪ −‬ﺑِ َﻜ ْﺴﺮِ ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﱠ ْﻫ ُﺮ‪َ ,‬و َﻻ ُﻳ ْﻤﻜِ ُﻦ َأ ْنْ َﻳ ُﻜ َ‬
‫ﻮنَ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻘ ﱢﻠ ُ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫َﺧﺎﻟِ ُﻖ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺪﱠ ْﻫﺮِ َو َﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﻗ ْﺪْ َﺑ ﱠﻴ َﻦ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ ُﻳ َﻘ ﱢﻠ ُ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﻴ َﻞ َواﻟ ﱠﻨ َﻬ َﺎر‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻤﺎ ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﺚ ُﻣ َﺮا ًدا ﺑِ ِﻪ اﷲَ َﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ (‪.‬‬ ‫ا ْﻟﺤ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ـﻴﺮ ا ْﺑـ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﻦ َﻛَﺜﻴ ـﺮ « )‪,(٤٨٠/٦‬‬ ‫ـﻲ « )‪ » ,(١٧١/١٦‬ﺗ ْﻔﺴـ ُ‬ ‫ـﻴﺮ اﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ ُﻃﺒـ ﱢ‬
‫ي « ُﻫ َﺠ ـﺮ‪ » ,(٩٥/٢١) :‬ﺗ ْﻔﺴـ ُ‬ ‫ـﻴﺮ اﻟ ﱠﻄ َﺒ ـﺮ ﱢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ـﻨَ َِﻦ « )‪َ » ,(١٥٨/٤‬ﺗ ْﻔﺴـ ُ‬ ‫ـﺐ ا ْﻟ َﺤــﺪﻳﺚ « ﻷَﺑــﻲ ُﻋ َﺒ ْﻴــﺪ )‪َ » ,(١٤٥/٢‬ﻣ َﻌــﺎﻟ ُﻢ ﱡ‬ ‫» َﻏﺮﻳـ ُ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣـﺎ ِم ﻓِـﻲ‪ِ » :‬ﺳـ َﻴﺮِ َأ ْﻋ َـﻼ ِم اﻟ ﱡﻨﱡـ َﺒ َﻼ ِء «‬ ‫وراﺟ ْـﻊ‪َ ,(٨٢٣/١٠)(٦٩١/٨)(١٩٨/١)(١٦٣/١) :‬و َﺗ َْﺮ َﺟ َﻤـ ُﺔ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ « )‪,(٢٧٢/٣‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻮع َﻓ َﺘَـ َﺎوى َو َر َﺳـﺎﺋ ِﻞ ا ْﻟ ُﻌ َﺜ ْﻴﻤـ َ‬
‫ي «)‪َ » ,(١٣١/٢٣‬ﻣ ْﺠ ُﻤ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫» ﺗ ْﻔﺴ ُﻴﺮ ا ْﻟ َﻬ َﺮ ِر ﱢ‬
‫)‪.(٢٠٣/١٣‬‬
 ‫‪١٠‬‬

‫ْ‬ ‫ْ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ُّ َ َ ْ َ ُ‬
‫ﻦﻨ ﻗﻦ رﺳﻮ ِل اﷲِ ☺ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺎﻣﻊ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺮﺼ‪ِ ،‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴ ِ‬‫)‪ » (٤‬اﺠﻟ ِ‬
‫َ َ َ َْ َْ َ ُ‬ ‫َْ ْ ُ‬ ‫َ َ ْ َ ُ َّ ْ‬
‫ﻮل‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﻪ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ «‬
‫ﺤﻴ ِﺢ واﻟﻤﻌﻠ ِ‬
‫وﻣﻌ ِﺮﻓﺔ اﻟﺼ ِ‬
‫ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُّ َ ِّ ِّ ْ ِّ‬ ‫ُ َ َّ ْ‬‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺘ ِﻣ ِﺬي ~‪ ٢٧٩ - ٢٠٩)‬ﻫ( ‪‬‬ ‫ﻟ ِﻠﺤﺎﻓ ِ ِﻆ أ ِ ِﻋﻴ َ ؛ ﺤﻣﻤ ِﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ ِﻋﻴ ﺑ ِﻦ ﺳﻮرة اﻟﺴﻠ ِﻲﻤ‬

‫ي; ﻓِﻲ ) ْاﻟ َﺠ ِﺎﻣ ِﻊ( )‪:(١٤‬‬ ‫ﺎم َأﺑِﻲ ِﻋﻴﺴﻰ; ﻣﺤﻤ ٍﺪ ﱢ ِ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺘ ْﺮﻣﺬ ﱢ‬ ‫َْ ُ َ ﱠ‬ ‫‪َ ‬وﺑِ َﻬﺎ إِ َﻟﻰ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣ ِ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪‬‬
‫اﻟﻄ َﻬﺎر ِة َﻋ ْﻦ رﺳ ِ‬
‫َ ُ‬ ‫اب ﱠ َ‬ ‫َأ ْﺑ َﻮ ُ‬
‫ﺎء‪ :‬ﹶﻻ ﹸﺗ ﹾﻘ ﹶﺒ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺻ ﹶﻼ ﹲة ﺑﹺ ﹶﻐ ﹾ ﹺﲑ ﹸﻃ ﹸﻬ ﹴ‬
‫ﻮر‬ ‫ﺎب ﹶﻣﺎ ﹶﺟ ﹶ‬
‫ﹶﺑ ﹸ‬
‫ب‪...... ,‬‬ ‫ﻴﺪ; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬أ ْﺧﺒﺮ َﻧﺎ َأﺑﻮ ﻋﻮ َاﻧ َﺔ‪ ,‬ﻋﻦ ِﺳﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺎك ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺣ ْﺮ ٍ‬ ‫ــ ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ ُﻗ َﺘﻴﺒ ُﺔ ﺑﻦ ﺳ ِﻌ ٍ‬
‫َ ْ َ‬ ‫ََ ُ َ َ‬ ‫َْ ْ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻴﻞ‪ ,‬ﻋﻦ ِﺳﻤ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﻦ‬ ‫ﺎك‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ ُﻣ ْﺼ َﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ْﺑ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻊ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ إِ ْﺳ َﺮاﺋ َ َ ْ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺮِ ﱢ‬
‫ي; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ َوﻛ ٌ‬ ‫وﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ َﻫﻨﱠﱠﺎ ُد ْﺑ ُﻦ ﱠ‬
‫ــ )ح( َ‬
‫َﺳ ْﻌ ٍﺪ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱢﻲ ‪َ ; ‬ﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻮر‪َ ,‬و ﹶﻻ َﺻ َﺪ َﻗ ٌﺔ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﻏ ُﻠ ٍ‬
‫ﻮل« )‪.(١٥‬‬ ‫» ﹶﻻ ُﺗ ْﻘ َﺒ ُﻞ َﺻ َﻼ ٌة ﺑِ َﻐ ْﻴﺮِ ُﻃ ُﻬ ٍ‬

‫ﻮر«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎد ﻓِﻲ َﺣ ِﺪﻳﺜِ ِﻪ‪» :‬إﹺ ﱠﻻ ﺑِ ُﻄ ُﻬ ٍ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل َﻫﻨﱠ ٌ‬

‫ﺎب‪َ ,‬و َأ ْﺣ َﺴ ُﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺚ َأ َﺻ ﱡﺢ َﺷ ْﻲ ٍء ﻓِﻲ َﻫ َﺬا ْاﻟ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل َأ ُﺑﻮ ِﻋ ْﻴ َﺴﻰ‪َ :‬ﻫ َﺬا ْاﻟ َﺤ ِﺪ ُ‬
‫ﺲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻴﺢ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ‪َ :‬أﺑِ ِﻴﻪ‪َ ,‬و َأﺑِﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺮ َة‪َ ,‬و َأ َﻧ ٍ‬ ‫ﺎب‪َ :‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ْاﻟ َﻤ ِﻠ ِ‬‫* َوﻓِﻲ ْاﻟ َﺒ ِ‬

‫ﻴﺢ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُأ َﺳ َﺎﻣ َﺔ; ْاﺳ ُﻤ ُﻪ‪َ :‬ﻋ ِﺎﻣ ُﺮ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُأ َﺳ َﺎﻣ َﺔ‪َ ,‬و ُﻳ َﻘ ُﺎل‪َ :‬ز ْﻳ ُﺪ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُأ َﺳ َﺎﻣ َﺔ ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﻋ َﻤ ْﻴﺮٍ ْاﻟ ُﻬ َﺬﻟِ ﱡﻲ )‪.(١٦‬‬
‫* َو َأ ُﺑﻮ ْاﻟ َﻤ ِﻠ ِ‬

‫ﺾ اﷲ ِ( اﻟ ﱡﺘ ْﱡﺮﻛِ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ )ن ‪ ٥٨٢‬ﻫــ(‪َ ,‬و َﻫ َﻜ َ‬

‫َـﺬا‬ ‫ﻮل‪َ ,‬و َﻣﺎ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻪ ا ْﻟ َﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ «‪َ ,‬و َﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا ُﻫ َﻮ ﻓِﻲ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ِﺔ ) َﻓ ْﻴ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺤﻴ ِﺢِ وا ْﻟﻤ ْﻌ ُﻠ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﻨ َِﻦ َﻋ ْﻦ َر ُﺳ ْﻮ ِل اﷲ ☺ ‪َ ,‬و َﻣ ْﻌﺮِ َﻓ ُﺔ ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﺎب‪ » :‬ا ْﻟ َﺠﺎﻣ ُﻊ‪ ,‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤﺨْْ َﺘ ََﺼ ُﺮ‪ ,‬ﻣ ْﻦ ﱡ‬‫اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫)‪ْ (١٤‬‬
‫اﻟﺸﻴ ُﺦ َأﺑﻮ ُﻏ ﱠﺪﱠ َةَ‪ ,‬و َﻏﻴـﺮه‪ ,‬وﺳـﻤﻲ ﺑِــ» ا ْﻟﺠ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ون َﻗ ْﻮﻟِ ِﻪ‪َ ) :‬ﻋ ْﻦ َر ُﺳ ْﻮ ِل اﷲ ِ ☺( ‪ −‬ا ﱠﻟﺘِﻲ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻬﻨْ ِْﺪ()ن ‪٤٧٩‬ﻫـ( ﺑِﺪُُ ِ‬ ‫َﺳ ﱠﻤﺎ ُه ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺧ ْﻴﺮٍ‪َ ,‬وﻓِﻲ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ِﺔ ) ِ‬
‫ـﺎﻣ ِﻊ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ُُْ ُ ﱢ َ‬ ‫اﺷ َﺘ ََﺮ َاﻫﺎ د‪ْ .‬اﻷَ ْﻋ َﻈﻤ ﱡﻲ‪َ ,−‬و َﺻ ﱠﻮ َب َﻫ َﺬا اﻻ ْﺳ َﻢ ﱠ ْ ُ‬
‫ـﺎر‬ ‫ف; ﻷ ﱠﻧﱠـﻪ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻴ ِﺔ )ن ‪ ٥٤٧‬ﻫـ(‪ ,‬و ُﻧُﺴ َﺨَ ِﺔ ) َﻻ َﻟﻪ ﻟِﻲ( اﻟ ﱡﺘﱡﺮﻛِﻴ ِﺔ ‪ −‬اﻟ ﱠﺘﱠﻲ َﻧَﺴ َﺨَ ﻬﺎ ا ْﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ اﺑﻦ ا ْﻟﺠﻮ ِزي ﺳﻨَ َﺔ )‪ ٥٣٦‬ﻫـ(‪ ,−‬و َﻏﻴﺮِﻫﺎ‪ ,‬و َﻻ َﺿﻴﺮ ﻓِﻲ ﻫ َﺬا ِاﻻ ْﺧـﺘِ َﻼ ِ‬ ‫ا ْﻟ َﻜﺒِﻴﺮِ « ﻓِﻲ ُﻧُﺴ َﺨَ ِﺔ )ا ْﻟﻮ َﻃﻨ ِﻴ ِﺔ( ا ْﻟﺒ ِ ِ‬
‫اﺧﺘ َﺼ ٌ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫ْ َ َ‬ ‫ْ ُ َ ْ ﱢ َ‬ ‫َ َ َ‬ ‫ْ ﱠ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ ْ‬ ‫ﺎر ﱠ‬ ‫َ ﱠ َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻳﻞ‪ ,‬واﷲ َأﻋ َﻠﻢ‪َ » .‬ﻓﻬﺮﺳ ُﺔ اﺑ ِﻦ َﺧﻴﺮٍ « ص )‪َ » ,(١٥٦‬ﺗﺤ ِﻘ ُﻴﻖ ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫ي« ص )‪.(٧٦‬‬ ‫اﺳ ِﻢ َﺟﺎﻣ ِﻊ اﻟ ﱢﺘ ْﺮﻣﺬ ﱢ‬‫اﻟﺼﺤ ْﻴ َﺤ ْﻴ ِﻦ َو ْ‬‫اﺳﻤ ِﻲ ﱠ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َْ َ ْ‬ ‫ﻟﻼ ْﺳ ِﻢ اﻟ ﱠﻄ ِﻮ ِ َ ُ ْ ُ‬
‫ﻮر َوا ْﻟ َﻮ ُﺿﻮ ُء( ‪ −‬ﺑِ َﻔ ْﺘْﺢِِ َأ ﱠوﻟِ ِﻬ َﻤﺎ‪ −‬إِ َذا ُأ ِرﻳﺪََ ﺑِ ِﻪ ا ْﻟ َﻤﺎ ُء ا ﱠﻟ ِﺬي ُﻳ َﺘ َﻄ ﱠﻬ ُﺮ ﺑِ ِﻪ (‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻮر‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟ ُﻮ ُﺿﻮ ُء( ‪ −‬ﺑِ َﻀ ﱢﻢ َأ ﱠوﻟ ِﻬ َﻤﺎ‪ −‬إِ َذا ُأ ِرﻳﺪََ ﺑِﻪ ا ْﻟﻔ ْﻌ ُﻞ‪ ,‬ا ﱠﻟﺬي ُﻫ َﻮ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺼﺪََ ُر‪َ ,‬و ُﻳ َﻘ ُﺎل‪) :‬اﻟ ﱠﻄ ُﻬ ُ‬
‫)‪َ (١٥‬ﻗ َﺎل َأ ُﺑﻮ ا ْﻟ ُﻌ َﻼ‪ُ ) :‬ﻳ َﻘ ُﺎل‪) :‬اﻟ ﱡﻄ ُﻬ ُ‬
‫ﻮل ‪ −‬ﻓِﻲ ا ْﻟ ُﻐﻨْ ِﻢ‪ُ : −‬ﻫ َﻮ َأنْْ ُﻳ ْﺨْ َﻔﻰ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﻲ ُء; َﻓ َﻼ ُﻳ َﺮ ﱡد إِ َﻟﻰ ا ْﻟ َﻘ ْﺴـ ِﻢ;‬ ‫ﻴﻤ ِﺔ َﻗ ْﺒ َﻞ ا ْﻟ ِﻘ ْﺴ َﻤ ِﺔ (‪َ ,‬و َ‬
‫ﻗﺎل َأ ُﺑﻮ ا ْﻟ ُﺤ َﺴ ْﻴ ِﻦ‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻐ ُﻠ ُ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻮل‪ − :‬ﺑِ َﻀ ﱢﻢ ا ْﻟ َﻐ ْﻴ ِﻦ‪ :−‬ا ْﻟﺨ َﻴﺎ َﻧ ُﺔ‪َ ,‬و َأ ْﺻ ُﻠ ُﻪ‪ :‬ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺮِ َﻗ ُﺔ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻣﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻐَﻨ َ‬ ‫‪َ −‬و َﻗ َﺎل َأ ُﺑﻮ ا ْﻟ ُﻌ َﻼ‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻐ ُﻠ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺚ « ِﻷَﺑِﻲ ُﻋ َﺒ ْﻴ ٍﺪ )‪.(٢٠٠/١‬‬ ‫ﺎﻣ ِﻊ اﻟ ﱢﺘﱢﺮ ِﻣ ِﺬي( « )‪ » ,(٢١/١‬ا ْﻟﻤ َﻘﺎﻳِﻴﺲ ﻓِﻲ اﻟ ﱡﻠ َﻐ َِﺔ « )‪َ » ,(٣٧٦/٤‬ﻏﺮِﻳﺐ ا ْﻟﺤ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫ُ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ ﱢ‬
‫ﺎﺣﺒﻪ َﻗﺪْْ َﻏ ﱠﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺛِﻴﺎﺑِ ِﻪ (‪ُ » .‬ﺗُﺤ َﻔ ُﺔ ﹾاﻷﹶﺣﻮ ﹺذﻱ‪ ,‬ﺑِ َﺸﺮ ِحِ )ﺟ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﹾ ﹶ ﱢ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ َْ َ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َﻛ ََﺄنﱠﱠ َﺻ َ ُ‬
‫ــــﺎدي‪ :‬ص)‪ (٢٧‬ح )‪ ,(١‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻــــﻴﻞ‪ (٢٧٩/١) :‬ح )‪َ ,(١‬ﺑ ﱠﺸــــﺎر‪ (٥١/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِــــﺰ‪ (٢/١) :‬ح )‪ْ ,(١‬اﻷَ ْﻟ َﺒــــﺎﻧِ ّﻲ‪َ −‬ﺣ َﺴــــﻦ‪ :‬ص )‪ (١٢‬ح )‪,(١‬‬ ‫ــــﺬي « ﻫ ِ‬
‫ﱢ َ‬
‫ــــﺎﻣﻊ اﻟ ﱢﺘﱢﺮ ِﻣ ِ‬
‫ُ ْ‬
‫)‪ » (١٦‬ﺟ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﺷﺎﻛِﺮ‪َ −‬ﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪُ اﻟ َﺒﺎﻗﻲ‪َ −‬ﻋ ْﻄ َﻮة‪ ,(٥/١) :‬ح )‪َ , (١‬وﻓ َﻴﻬﺎ‪َ ) :‬ﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ َأ ُﺑﻮ َﻋ َﻮا َﻧ َﺔ(‪َ ,‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﺢ(‪.‬‬‫ث اﻟ َﻌ ْﺼﺮِ ْاﻷ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل ُﻣ َﺤﺪﱢﱢ ُ‬
 ‫‪١١‬‬

‫‪    ☺  ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪       ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪  ‬‬
‫)‪(١٧‬‬

‫ـﻦ ِﻫ َﺸـﺎ ِم ْﺑ ِ‬
‫ـﻦ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ي ا ْﻟ َﻤـﺪََ ﻧِ ﱡﻲ; َﻗ َ‬
‫ـﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣـﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨﻲ َأﺑِـﻲ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْ‬ ‫ﻮﺳﻰ ْﺑ ِﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َﻋ ْﻠ َﻘ َﻤـ َﺔ ا ْﻟ َﻔ ْـﺮ ِو ﱡ‬ ‫ــ َﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ َﻫ ُﺎر ُ‬
‫ون ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻣ َ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪َ ; ‬ﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫ﻴﺪ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِ ِﻴﻪ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺮ َةَ‪َ ,‬أ ﱠن َر ُﺳ َ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ﺳ ِﻌ ٍ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِ ِ‬
‫َﺳ ْﻌﺪ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َﺳﻌ ْ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫ﺎﻫ ِﻠﻴ ِﺔ‪ ,‬و َﻓﺨْْ ﺮﻫﺎ ﺑِ ْﺎﻵﺑ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎء‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺐ اﷲُ َﻋﻨْ ُﻜ ُْﻢ ُﻋـ ﱢﺒـ ﱠﻴـ َﺔ ا ْﻟ َﺠ ﱠ َ َ َ‬ ‫» َﻗ ْﺪْ َأ ْذ َﻫ َ‬
‫ﺎﺟ ٌﺮ َﺷ ِﻘ ﱞﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ُﻣ ْﺆ ِﻣ ٌﻦ َﺗ َِﻘﻲ‪َ ,‬و َﻓ ِ‬
‫ﱞ‬
‫اب « )‪.(١٨‬‬ ‫ﱠﺎس َﺑﻨُُﻮ آ َد َم‪َ ,‬وآ َد ُم ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﺗ َُﺮ ٍ‬ ‫َواﻟﻨﱠ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺚ َﺣ َﺴ ٌﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫* َﻫ َﺬا َﺣ ِﺪ ٌ‬
‫* وﻫ َﺬا َأﺻﺢ ِﻋﻨْ َﺪ َﻧﺎ ِﻣﻦ ْاﻟﺤ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ ْاﻷَ ﱠو ِل‪.‬‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َ ﱡ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫ي‪َ :‬ﻗ ْﺪ َﺳ ِﻤ َﻊ ِﻣ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺮ َة‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫* َو َﺳﻌ ٌﻴﺪ ْاﻟ َﻤ ْﻘ ُﺒﺮِ ﱡ‬
‫ﺎء َﻛﺜِ َﻴﺮ ًة‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺮ َة‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫* َو َﻳ ْﺮ ِوي َﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻴﻪ‪َ :‬أ ْﺷ َﻴ َ‬
‫ـﻌ ٍ‬
‫ـﻦ ﺳـﻌ ٍﺪ‪ ,‬ﻋــﻦ ﺳـ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ‪ ,‬ﻋـ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ٍ‬
‫ﻴﺪ‬ ‫ـﻦ ﻫ َﺸــﺎ ِم ْﺑـ ِ َ ْ َ ْ َ‬ ‫ي‪َ ,‬و َﻏ ْﻴـ ُـﺮ َواﺣــﺪ َﻫـ َـﺬا ا ْﻟ َﺤــﺪ َ َ ْ‬ ‫ﺎن اﻟ ﱠﺜـ ْـﻮ ِر ﱡ‬‫* َو َﻗــﺪْْ َر َوى ُﺳـ ْﻔ َﻴ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺚ َأﺑِﻲ َﻋ ِﺎﻣﺮٍ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ ِﻫ َﺸﺎ ِم ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺳ ْﻌ ٍﺪ )‪.(١٩‬‬
‫ا ْﻟﻤ ْﻘﺒﺮِي‪ ,‬ﻋﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ﻫﺮﻳﺮ َةَ‪ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺒِﻲ ‪َ ... ‬ﻧَﺤﻮ ﺣ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫ْ َ َ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ُ َ َْ َ‬ ‫َ ُ ﱢ َ ْ‬

‫ﺖ ﻓِﻲ ُﻧ َُﺴﺦٍٍ ُأ ْﺧ َﺮى‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎب( – َﻓ َﻘ ْﻂ ‪ُ :−‬ﻣ ْﺜ َﺒ ٌ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ُﺐ ا ْﻟﻤ ْﺼﺮِ ﱠﻳﺔ( )ن ‪ ٧٢٦‬ﻫـ(‪َ ,‬و َﻗ ْﻮ ُﻟ ُﻪ‪َ ) :‬ﺑ ٌ‬
‫ﺖ ﻓِﻲ ُﻧُﺴﺨََ ِﺔ )د ِار ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ ِ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﺎب ﻓِﻲ َﻓ ْﻀ ِﻞ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺸﺎ ِم َوا ْﻟ َﻴ َﻤ ِﻦ( ُﻣ ْﺜ َﺒ ٌ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫)‪َ (١٧‬ﻗ ْﻮ ُﻟ ُﻪ‪َ ) :‬ﺑ ٌ‬
‫ﺎب واﻟ ﱠﺘﺒ ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻫ ِﻠ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ُ‬
‫ﺎنَ ﻋ َﻠﻴ ِﻪ َأﻫ ُﻞ ا ْﻟﺠ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫)‪َ (١٨‬ﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ َ‬
‫ﺎﻫﻲ ﺑِ َﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﱠﻔﺎﺧﺮِ ﺑِﺎﻷَ ْﻧ َﺴ ِ َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫اﻟﺨَ ﱠﻄﺎﺑِ ﱡﻲ‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻌـ ﱢﺒــ ﱠﻴـ ُﺔ‪ :‬ا ْﻟﻜ ْﺒ ُﺮ‪َ ,‬واﻟﻨﱠﱠﺨْْ َﻮ ُة‪ُ ,‬ﻳﺮِ ُﻳﺪُ ﺑِ َﻬ َﺬا اﻟ َﻘ ْﻮ ِل َﻣﺎ َﻛ َ َ ْ ْ‬
‫ﺎنَ َرﻓِﻴ ًﻌﺎ ﻓِﻲ َأ ْﻫ ِﻠ ِﻪ (‪.‬‬
‫ﺎﺟ ٌﺮ َﺷ ِﻘ ﱞﻲ «; َﻓ ُﻬ َﻮ اﻟ ﱠﻠﺌِﻴ ُﻢ‪َ ,‬وإِ ْنْ َﻛ َ‬‫ﻳﻢ‪َ ,‬وإِ ْنْ َﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ُﻜ ْﻦ َﺷﺮِﻳ ًﻔﺎ ﻓِﻲ َﻗ ْﻮ ِﻣ ِﻪ‪َ » ,‬و َﻓ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﺎس َر ُﺟ َﻼ ِن‪ُ » :‬ﻣﺆْْ ﻣ ٌﻦ َﺗَﻘ ﱞﻲ «; َﻓ ُﻬ َﻮ ا ْﻟ َﻜﺮِ ُ‬ ‫ﻮل‪ :‬إِ ﱠنﱠ اﻟﻨَ َ‬ ‫ﺎﺟ ٌﺮ َﺷ ِﻘ ﱞﻲ « َﻳ ُﻘ ُ‬ ‫َو َﻗ ْﻮ ُﻟ ُﻪ‪ُ » :‬ﻣﺆْْ ِﻣ ٌﻦ َﺗ َِﻘﻲ‪َ ,‬و َﻓ ِ‬
‫ﱞ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻀ ﱢﻢ‪ ,‬وﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻜ َْﺴﺮِ; َﻓ ُﻬ َﻤﺎ ُﻟ َﻐ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫‪َ −‬و َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ َأ ُﺑﻮ ا ْﻟ َﻔ ْﻴ ِ‬
‫وس « )‪.(٣٠٣ /٣‬‬ ‫ﺎج ا ْﻟ َﻌ ُﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﺐ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪﻳﺚ « ﻟ ْﻠ ﱠﺨﱠ َﻄﺎﺑِ ﱢﻲ )‪َ » ,(٢٩٠/١‬ﺗ ُ‬ ‫َﺎن ‪ : −‬ا ْﻟﻜ ْﺒ ُﺮ‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟ َﻔﺨْْ ُﺮ‪َ ,‬واﻟ ﱠﻨ ْﱠﺨْ َﻮ ُة (‪َ ».‬ﻏﺮِ ُ‬ ‫ﺾ‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻌـ ﱢﺒــ ﱠﻴـ ُﺔ‪ − :‬ﱠ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎدي‪ :‬ص)‪ (١١٤٩‬ح )‪ ,(٣٩٥٦‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻﻴﻞ‪ (١٥٠/٥) :‬ح )‪َ ,(٤٢٦٨‬ﺑ ﱠﺸﺎر‪ (٢٢٥/٦) :‬ح )‪َ (٣٩٥٦‬و َﻗﺪْْ َأ َﺿ َ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﻊ اﻟ ﱢﺘﱢﺮ ِﻣ ِﺬي « ﻫ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎف َﺷ ْﻴ ُﺨُ َﻨَﺎ ﻣ ْﻦ » ُﺗ ُْﺤ َﻔﺔ ْاﻷَ ْﺷ َـﺮاف «‪َ ,‬ﻗ ْـﻮ َل اﻟ ﱢﺘ ْﱢﺮﻣـﺬ ﱢ‬
‫ي‪:‬‬ ‫)‪َ » (١٩‬ﺟ ُ ْ ﱢ َ‬
‫ﻴﺢ[(‪ ,‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِﺰ‪ (٩٩٤/٢) :‬ح )‪ْ ,(٤٣٣٧‬اﻷَ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧِ ّﻲ‪َ −‬ﺣ َﺴﻦ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٨٨٦‬ح )‪َ ,(٣٩٥٦‬ﺷﺎﻛِﺮ‪َ −‬ﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﻟ َﺒﺎﻗِﻲ‪َ −‬ﻋ ْﻄ َـﻮة‪ (٧٣٥/٥):‬ح )‪َ ,(٣٩٥٦‬و َﻗـ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺤـﺪﱢﱢ ُ‬
‫ث ا ْﻟ َﻌ ْﺼـﺮِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ َﺣ َﺴ ٌﻦ ] َﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫) َﻫ َﺬا َﺣ ِﺪ ٌ‬
‫ْاﻷ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧِ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﺣ َﺴ ٌﻦ(‪.‬‬
‫َﺎب ﻓِﻲ َﺑ ْﻴﺘِ ِﻪ‪َ ,‬ﻓ َﻜ ََﺄ ﱠﻧ َﱠﻤﺎ ﻓِﻲ َﺑ ْﻴﺘِ ِﻪ َﻧﺒِ ﱞﻲ َﻳ َﺘ َﻜ ﱠﻠ ُﻢ (‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﺳﺎنََ (; َﻓ َﺮ ُﺿﻮا ﺑِﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﻣ ْﻦ َﻛَﺎنََ َﻫ َﺬا اﻟﻜ َﺘ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺎز( َو)ا ْﻟﻌ َﺮ ِاق( َو) ُﺧ َﺮ َ‬
‫ﺎء ) ِ‬
‫اﻟﺤ َﺠ ِ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻫ َﺬا اﻟﻜِ َﺘَﺎب‪ ,‬وﻋﺮ ْﺿ ُﺘﻪ ﻋ َﻠﻰ ﻋ َﻠﻤ ِ‬
‫َ َ ََ ُ َ ُ َ‬ ‫ي‪َ ) :‬ﺻﻨﱠ ْﻔ ُ َ‬
‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ َأ ُﺑﻮ ﻋ ْﻴ َﺴﻰ اﻟ ﱢﺘ ْﱢﺮﻣﺬ ﱡ‬
‫اﻫ ﱠﻴ ٍﺔ‪َ ,‬ﺑ ْﻌ ُﻀ َﻬﺎ َﻣ ْﻮ ُﺿ ْﻮ ٌع‪َ ,‬و َﻛَﺜِ ٌﻴﺮ ِﻣﻨْ َْﻬﺎ ﻓِﻲ اﻟ َﻔ َﻀﺎﺋِ ِﻞ (;‬ ‫ﺚو ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳﻼَ ِمِ‪َ ,‬ﻟ ْﻮﻻَ َﻣﺎ َﻛَﺪﱠﱠ َر ُه ﺑِ َﺄ َﺣﺎد ْﻳ َ َ‬‫اﻟﻤ َﺴﺎﺋِ ِﻞ‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻮ َأ َﺣﺪُُ ُأ ُﺻ ْﻮ ِل ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺬ َﻫﺒِ ﱡﻲ‪ ) :‬ﻓﻲ »ا ْﻟ َﺠﺎﻣ ِﻊ« ﻋ ْﻠ ٌﻢ َﻧَﺎﻓ ٌﻊ‪َ ,‬و َﻓ َﻮاﺋ ُﺪُ َﻏ َِﺰ ْﻳ َﺮ ٌةٌ‪َ ,‬و ُرؤُُ ْو ُس َ‬‫* َو َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ ﱠ‬
‫ﺚ‪ ,‬وﻻ ﻳ َﺸ ﱢﺪﱢ د‪ ,‬و َﻧ َﻔﺴﻪ ﻓِﻲ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﻀ ِﻌ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ُﺛﻢ َﻗ َﺎل‪ » ) :‬ﺟ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺬ َﻫﺒِ ﱢﻲ َﺟ َﻤﺎ َﻋ ٌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻴﻒ َر ْﺧ ٌﻮ (‪َ ,‬و َر ﱠد َﻋ َﻠﻰ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎض َﻟ ُﻪ ﺑِﺈِ َﻣ َﺎﻣﺘﻪ َوﺣ ْﻔﻈﻪ َوﻓ ْﻘ ِﻬﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﻟﻜ ْﻦ َﻳ َﺘ ََﺮ ﱠﺧ ُﺺ ﻓﻲ َﻗ ُﺒ ْﻮل اﻷَ َﺣﺎد ْﻳ َ َ ُ ُ َ ُ ُ‬ ‫ﺎﻣ ُﻌ ُﻪ « َﻗ ٍ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم ﻓِﻲ‪ِ » :‬ﺳ َﻴﺮِ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼ ِء « )‪.(٢٧٠/١٣‬‬
‫ﺖ‪َ :‬و َﺗ َْﺮ َﺟ َﻤ ُﺔ ْ ِ‬
‫* ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬
 ‫‪١٢‬‬

‫ْ َ ْ‬ ‫َ ُّ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُْ ْ َ‬
‫)‪ » (٥‬اﻟﻤﺠﺘ ] ِﻣﻦ "اﻟﺴﻨـ ِﻦ اﻟﻜﺒِﺮﻴِ"[ «‬
‫ِّ‬ ‫َّ َ ِّ ْ ُ َ َ ِّ ُ َّ ْ َ ْ‬ ‫َ َ ْ َّ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫ﻴﻲﻨ‪ ٣٠٣ - ٢١٥) ~‬ﻫ(‪‬‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻄ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫اﺳ‬‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﺨﻟ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻟﻨ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻤﺣ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫؛‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻤﺣ‬‫اﻟﺮ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻆ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻟ ِﻠ‬

‫ِ‬ ‫ـﻦ ْ ِ‬ ‫‪َ ‬وﺑِ َﻬﺎ إِ َﻟﻰ ْ ِ‬

‫ﺣﻤ ِﻦ‪,‬‬ ‫اﻹ َﻣـﺎ ِم َأﺑِـﻲ َﻋ ْﺒـﺪ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟـﺮ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﻨﱢ ﱢﱢﻲ( اﻟـﺪﱢﱢ ْﻳﻨَ ََﻮ ِر ﱢ‬
‫ي‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِ‬ ‫ـﻦ ﱡ‬‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم َأﺑِﻲ َﺑ ْﻜﺮٍ‪َ ,‬أ ْﺣ َﻤ َﺪَ )ا ْﺑ ِ‬

‫َأ ْﺣ َﻤ َﺪَ اﻟﻨﱠ َﱠﺴﺎﺋِ ﱢﻲ; ﻓِﻲ )ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺠ َﺘ َﺒﻰ( )‪:(٢٠‬‬

‫‪‬‬
‫اﻟﻄ َﻬ َﺎر ِة[‬
‫ﺎب ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫]ﻛ َﺘ ُ‬ ‫)‪(٢١‬‬

‫ﻳﻞ َﻗ ْﻮ ِل اﷲ ِ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺎب♣ ‪َ :‬ﺗ ْﺄ ِو ُ ِ ♣‬‫َﺑ ُ ٌ‬

‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ُ ۡ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ ٰ َ ۡ ُ ْ ُ ُ َ ُ ۡ َ َ ۡ َ ُ ۡ َ ۡ‬
‫ق ﱠ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‪[٦ :‬‬ ‫سلوا وجوهكم وأي ِديكم إ ِ ٱلمراف ِ ِ‬ ‫ﱡ إ ِذا قمتم إ ِ ٱلصلوة ِ فٱغ ِ‬
‫ـﻦ َأﺑِـﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َـﺮ َةَ‪,‬‬ ‫ــ َأ ْﺧﺒﺮ َﻧَﺎ ُﻗ َﺘﻴﺒ ُﺔ ﺑﻦ ﺳ ِﻌ ٍ‬
‫ـﻦ َأﺑِـﻲ َﺳـ َﻠ َﻤ َﺔَ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْ‬
‫ي‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْ‬‫اﻟﺰﱡ ْﻫﺮِ ﱢ‬
‫ﺎن‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ ُﺳ ْﻔ َﻴ ُ‬ ‫َْ ْ ُ َ‬ ‫ََ‬
‫َأ ﱠن اﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱠﻲ ‪َ ;‬ﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬
‫»إِ َذا ْاﺳ َﺘ ْﻴ َﻘ َﻆ َأ َﺣ ُﺪ ُﻛ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻧ ْﻮ ِﻣ ِﻪ; َﻓ َﻼ َﻳ ْﻐ ِﻤ ْﺲ َﻳ َﺪ ُه ﻓِﻲ َو ُﺿﻮﺋِ ِﻪ َﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ َﻳ ْﻐ ِﺴ َﻠ َﻬﺎ َﺛ َﻼ ًﺛﺎ; َﻓﺈِ ﱠن َأ َﺣ َﺪ ُﻛ ْﻢ َﻻ‬
‫َﻳ ْﺪ ِري َأ ْﻳ َﻦ َﺑ َﺎﺗ ْ‬
‫ﺖ َﻳ ُﺪ ُه« )‪.(٢٢‬‬

‫ﻴﺬ ِه )اﺑ ِﻦ اﻟﺴ ﱢﻨﱢﻲ( وﻫﻮ َﻗﻮ ُل اﻟﺤ ﱠﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺎر اﻟ ﱠﻨﱠﺴﺎﺋِﻲ ِﻣﻦ ﻛِ َﺘَﺎﺑِ ِﻪ » اﻟﺴﻨَ َِﻦ ]ا ْﻟ َﻜﺒِﻴﺮِ[ «‪ ,‬و ِرواﻳ ِﺔ ﺗِ ْﻠ ِﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻒ و ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﱢﻒ َﻫ َﺬا اﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬‫ﺎظ ﻓِﻲ ﻣﺼﻨﱢ ِ‬
‫ﺎظ‪ :‬ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺧ ْﻴﺮٍ ‪ ,‬وا ْﺑ ِﻦ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ْ ﱡ ﱢ َ ُ َ ْ‬ ‫َ َ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫اﺧﺘ َﺼ ِ َ ﱢ ْ‬ ‫َﺎب; َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻗ ْﻮ َﻟ ْﻴ ِﻦ‪َ :‬أ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ ﻣ ْﻦ َﺗ َْﺼﻨ َ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫ﻒ ا ْﻟ ُﺤ ﱠﻔ ُ‬‫اﺧ َﺘ َﻠ َ‬
‫)‪ْ (٢٠‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺴ َﺘ َْﻮﻓِﻲ‪,‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ﱠﻔﺎظ‪ :‬ا ْﺑ ِﻦ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴ ﱢﻨ ﱢﱢﻲ( ﻣ ْﻦ » اﻟ ﱡﺴﻨَ ِﻦ ]ا ْﻟ َﻜﺒِ ْﻴﺮِ[ « ﻟ َﺸ ْﻴﺨﻪ‪َ ,‬ﻣ َﻊ ا ْﻗﺘ َﺼﺎ ِره َﻋ َﻠﻰ ِر َو َاﻳﺔ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺨْ َﺘ َﺼﺮِ ُدونََ ْاﻷَ ْﺻ ِﻞ‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻮ َﻗ ْﻮ ُل ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎر و ِ ِ‬
‫اﺟﺘ َﺒﺎء َو ِر َو َاﻳﺔ )ا ْﺑ ِﻦ ﱡ‬
‫اﺧﺘ َﺼ ِ َ ْ‬
‫ﻴﻒ و ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﻛَﺜﻴﺮٍ‪ ,‬و َﻏ ْﻴﺮِﻫ ْﻢ‪َ ,‬أ ْو َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ ﻣ ْﻦ َﺗ َْﺼﻨ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺬ ِﻫﺒِﻲ‪ ,‬واﺑ ِﻦ َﻧ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨَ َِﻦ «‪.‬‬
‫ُﺐ َﻛَﺎﻣ َﻠ ٌﺔ َﻋ ِﻦ » ﱡ‬ ‫ﻳﻦ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ َﻣ ْﺸﻘ ﱢﻲ‪ ,‬و َﻏ ْﻴﺮِﻫ ْﻢ‪َ ,‬و َﻗﺪْْ ِزﻳﺪََ ْت ﻓﻲ » ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺠ َﺘ َﺒﻰ « ُﻛ ُﺘ ٌ‬
‫َﺎﺻﺮِ اﻟﺪﱢﱢ ِ‬ ‫َو ﱠ ﱢ َ ْ‬
‫اﻟﺴـﻨَ َِﻦ« ( َو َﻛ ََـﺬا ﻓِـﻲ َﻣﺨْْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ِـﺔ ا ْﻟ ِﻔ ْﺘْﻴِـﺎﻧِ ﱢﻲ اﻟ ُﻘﺪْْ ِﺳـ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎص ﻣ َﻦ » ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺠ َﺘ َﺒﻰ « ﻣ ﱠﻤﺎ َﻟـ ْﻴ َﺲ ﻓـﻲ » ﱡ‬
‫َﺎب ا ْﻟ ِﻘﺼ ِ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺚ َﻗ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺼﻨﱢ ُﻔ ُﻪ‪َ ) :‬ﻣﺎ َﺟﺎ َء ﻓِﻲ ﻛِ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫َﺎب َﺣ ْﻴ ُ‬ ‫اﺳ ُﻢ ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬
‫َﺎب‪ » :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺠ َﺘ َﺒﻰ «‪َ ,‬ﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا ُﻫ َﻮ ﻓِﻲ َﻧ ﱢَﺺ ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫* ْ‬
‫اﻟﺴـﻨَ ِﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴـﻨَ َﺪَ ِة «‪َ ,‬و َﺳ ﱠـﻤﺎ ُه‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫وﻣ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃﺔ ا ْﻟﻤ ْﺼﺮِ ﱠﻳﺔ )ن ‪ ٥٣٠‬ﻫـ(; و َﻟ ْﻢ َﺗ ﱠﺘﱠﻔ ْﻖ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ٌﺔ ْأو َﻗ ْﻮ ٌل َﻋ َﻠﻰ اﻟ ﱢﺰ َﱢﻳﺎ َدات ا ﱠﻟﺘﻲ َﺑ ْﻌﺪََ َأ ْو َﻗ ْﺒ َﻞ » ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺠ َﺘ َﺒـﻰ «; َﻓ َﺴ ﱠـﻤﺎ ُه ا ْﻟ َﺤـﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﺑـ ُﻦ َﺧ ْﻴـﺮٍ » ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺠ َﺘ َﺒـﻰ ﻓـﻲ ﱡ‬ ‫)ن ‪ ٥٢١‬ﻫـ( َ‬
‫اﻟﺼ ْﻐ َْﺮى « َأ ْو » اﻟ ﱠﺼ ِﻐ َﻴﺮ «; َﻛ ََﻤـﺎ َﺳ ﱠـﻤ ُﻮا ْاﻷَ ْﺻ َـﻞ » اﻟ ﱡﺴـﻨَ َﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ْﺒ َـﺮى « َأ ْو » ا ْﻟ َﻜﺒِ ْﻴ َـﺮ «‪َ ,‬و ْاﻷَ ْو َﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﱡﻮن‪َ ,−‬و َﺑ ْﻌ ُﻀ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﺳ ﱠﻤ ْﻮ ُه َﻣ َﺠﺎ ًزًا‪ » :‬اﻟ ﱡﺴﻨَ َﻦ ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﺬﻫﺒِﻲ » ا ْﻟﻤﺠ َﺘﺒﻰ «‪−‬ﺑِﺎ ْﻟﺒ ِ‬
‫ﺎء‪َ −‬و» ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺠ َﺘ َﻨَﻰ « ‪−‬ﺑِﺎﻟﻨﱡ ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ْ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ﱠ َ ﱡ‬
‫ﻴﺢِ ‪َ ,‬واﷲُ َأ ْﻋ َﻠ ُﻢ‪ُ » .‬ﺳﻨَ ُﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ َﱠﺴﺎﺋِ ﱢﻲ « اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻـﻴﻞ‪/٧) :‬‬ ‫ﺎن َواﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﻮ ِﺿ ِ‬
‫واة; ﻟِ ْﻠ َﺒ َﻴ ِ‬
‫ﱢﻒ‪ » :‬ا ْﻟﻤﺠ َﺘﺒﻰ « ﻋ َﻠﻰ ا ْﻟﻤ ْﺨْ َﺘﺼﺮِ‪ ,‬و» اﻟﺴﻨَ َِﻦ « ﻋ َﻠﻰ ْاﻷَﺻ ِﻞ‪ ,‬وﻣﺎ ِزﻳﺪََ ﻋ َﻠﻰ ﻫ َﺬا; َﻓﻬﻮ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﱡﱡﺴﺎخِِ واﻟﺮ ِ‬ ‫ِاﻻ ْﻛْﺘِ َﻔﺎء ﺑِ َﻘﻮ ِل ا ْﻟﻤﺼﻨﱢ ِ‬
‫ﱠ َ ﱡ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ َ َ ﱡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ْ َ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫ُ ْ‬
‫‪َ » ,(٤٤١‬ﻓ ْﻬ َﺮ َﺳ ُﺔ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺧ ْﻴﺮٍ « ص )‪ » ,(١٦٥‬ا ْﻟﺒِﺪََ َاﻳ ُﺔ‪َ ,‬واﻟﻨﱢ َﱢﻬ َﺎﻳ ُﺔ « )‪.(٧٩٣/١٤‬‬
‫ﻴﻦ َواﻟﻨﱡ ﱠﱡﺴﺎخِِ ﻟِﻠ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﻮ ِﺿﻴﺢِِ ‪َ ,‬و َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ ِﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﺻ ِﻞ ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬
‫َﺎب‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫)‪َ (٢١‬ﻣﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓ ْﻴ ِﻦ ِز َﻳﺎ َد ٌة ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺑ ْﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺾ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺤ ﱢﻘﻘ َ‬
‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ‪ :‬ص )‪ (١٢٥‬ح )‪ْ ,(١‬اﻷَ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧِ ّﻲ‪َ −‬ﺣ َﺴﻦ‪ :‬ص )‪ (١٠‬ح )‪َ ,(١‬أ ُﺑﻮ ُﻏﺪﱠﱠ َة‪ (٦/١) :‬ح )‪َ ,(١‬و َﻗ َ‬
‫ـﺎل ُﻣ َﺤـﺪﱢﱢ ُ‬
‫ث‬ ‫ِ‬
‫)‪ُ » (٢٢‬ﺳﻨَ ُﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ َﱠﺴﺎﺋ ﱢﻲ « اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄﺻﻴﻞ‪ (٢١٣/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨﺰ‪ (٢/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ﱢ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ا ْﻟ َﻌ ْﺼﺮِ ْاﻷ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧ ﱡﻲ‪َ :‬ﺻﺤ ٌ‬
‫ﻴﺢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺲ‪َ ,‬أ ْو َﻗ ِﺬ ٍر‪َ ,‬أ ْو َﻏ ْﻴﺮِ َذﻟِ َ‬
‫ﱠﺠ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ ِﺿ ِﻊ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬ ‫ﻮف َﻳﺪُُ ُه َﻋ َﻠﻰ َذﻟِ َ‬
‫ﺎر ‪َ −‬وﺑِ َﻼ ُد ُﻫ ْﻢ َﺣ ﱠﺎر ٌة‪َ ;−‬ﻓﺈِ َذا َﻧَﺎ َم َأ َﺣ ُﺪُ ُﻫ ْﻢ َﻋﺮِ َق; َﻓ َﻼ َﻳ ْﺄ َﻣ ُﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﱠﺎﺋِ ُﻢ َأنْْ َﺗ ُﻄ َ‬ ‫ﻮنَ ﺑِ ْﺎﻷَ ْﺣ َﺠ ِ‬ ‫ﺤ َﺠ ِ‬
‫ﺎز َﻳ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻨ ُْﺠ َ‬ ‫* ﻣﻌﻨََﺎه‪َ :‬ﻛَﺎنََ َأﻫ ُﻞ ا ْﻟ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ ْ ُ‬
‫اﻋـ ِﻪ; َﻓ ْﻠ َﻴ ﱢﺘﱢـﻖِ‬
‫اش‪َ ?‬ﻓ َﺄﺻﺒﺢ‪ ,‬و َﻗ ْﺪْ َأد َﺧ َﻞ ﻳ َﺪَ ه ﻓِﻲ دﺑﺮِ ِه إِ َﻟﻰ ِذر ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُُ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ َ َ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﺖ َﻳﺪي ﻓﻲ ا ْﻟﻔ َﺮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻴﻞ اﻟ ﱠﺘ َﻬ ﱡﻜ ِﻢ‪? : −‬أ َﻧﺎ أ ْدري أ ْﻳ َﻦ َﺑﺎ َﺗ ْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ ‪َ −‬ﻋ َﻠﻰ َﺳﺒ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﻦ َﺳﻤ َﻊ َﻫ َﺬا ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺒ َﺘﺪ َﻋﺔ ﺣ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫* َﻓﺎﺋﺪََ ٌة‪َ :‬ﻗ َﺎل ْاﻹ َﻣﺎ ُم اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻴﻤ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﻗ َﺎل أ َﺣ ُﺪُ ُ‬
‫ﻴـﺮ ُة ا ْﻟ ُﻌ ْﻘ َﺒـﻰ; ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻳـﺐ; ﻓِـﻲ َﺷـ ْﺮ ِحِ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻘﺮِ ِ‬ ‫ﺎنُ ا ْﻟﻌ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﺿﻊ اﻟ ﱠﺘﻮﻗِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳـﺐ «)‪َ » ,(٤١/٢‬ذﺧ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ « ص )‪َ » ,(٥٠‬ﻃـ ْﺮ ُح اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﺜﺮِ ِ‬ ‫ﺎرﻓ َ‬ ‫ﻒ َو َﺻ َﻞ إِ َﻟ ْﻴﻪ ُﺷ ْﺆْ ُم ﻓ ْﻌﻠﻪ (‪ُ » .‬ﺑ ْﺴ َﺘ ُ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻒ; ﻓﺎ ْﻧ ُﻈ ْﺮ َﻛ ْﻴ َ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺴﻨَ ِﻦ‪َ ,‬و َﻣ َﻮ َ ْ‬ ‫ﺎف ﺑِ ﱡ‬ ‫ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺮ ُء اﻻ ْﺳﺘِ ْﺨْ َﻔ َ‬
‫ﺨ َﻨَﺎ ْاﻷَ ْﺛ ُﻴﻮﺑِ ﱢﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫َﺷﺮ ِحِ )ا ْﻟﻤﺠ َﺘﺒﻰ( « )‪ ,(١٧٩/١‬وﻓِﻲ ا ْﻟﻤﺼﺪََ ِر ْاﻷَ ِﺧﻴﺮِ َﻓﻮاﺋِ ُﺪُ ِﻋ ﱠﺪﱠ ٌة ﻟِ َﺸﻴ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ْ َ‬ ‫ْ‬
 ‫‪١٣‬‬

‫‪‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻴﻢ; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬أ ْﺧ َﺒ َﺮ َﻧﺎ َﺟﺮِ ٌﻳﺮ; َﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ــ َأ ْﺧ َﺒ َﺮ َﻧﺎ إِ ْﺳ َﺤﺎ ُق ْﺑ ُﻦ إِ ْﺑ َﺮاﻫ َ‬
‫اﻟﻠ َﺒ َﻦ ( )‪.(٢٣‬‬ ‫ﺎن ْاﺑ ُﻦ ُﺷ ْﺒ ُﺮ َﻣ َﺔ َﻻ َﻳ ْﺸ َﺮ ُب إِ ﱠﻻ ْاﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫ﺎء َو ﱠ‬ ‫) َﻛ َ‬

‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ‪ :‬ص )‪ (١٢٥١‬ح )‪ ,(٥٧٥٨‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨِـﺰ‪ (٩١٣/٢) :‬ح )‪ْ ,(٥٧٧٦‬اﻷَ ْﻟ َﺒـﺎﻧِ ّﻲ‪َ −‬ﺣ َﺴـﻦ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٨٦٠‬ح )‪َ ,(٥٧٥٨‬أ ُﺑـﻮ ُﻏـﺪﱠﱠ َة‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫)‪ُ » (٢٣‬ﺳﻨَ ُﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ َﱠﺴﺎﺋ ﱢﻲ « اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄﺻﻴﻞ‪ (٥١٠/٨) :‬ح )‪ ,(٥٨٠٣‬ﱢ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺢ ْ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫)‪ (٣٣٦ /٨‬ح )‪َ ,(٥٧٥٨‬وﻓِ َﻴﻬﺎ ‪َ -‬وا ﱠﻟﺘِﻲ َﻗ ْﺒ َﻠ ُﻬ َﻤﺎ‪َ ) :−‬أ ْﻧ َﺒ َﺄ َﻧَﺎ َﺟﺮِ ٌﻳﺮ(‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺤﺪﱢﱢ ُ‬
‫ﻮع(‪.‬‬ ‫اﻹ ْﺳﻨَﺎد‪َ ,‬ﻣ ْﻘ ُﻄ ٌ‬ ‫ث ا ْﻟ َﻌ ْﺼﺮِ اﻷﹶ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﺻ ُ‬
‫ـﺎل‬ ‫اﺣﺘِ َـﺮا ًزًا ِﻣـ َﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻮ ُﻗـﻮ ِع ﻓِـﻲ ا ْﻟ َﺤ َـﺮا ِم‪َ ,‬و َﻫ َـﺬا َﻛ ََﻤ ُ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ي‪ :‬ﻳ ْﻘ َﺘَﺼ ُﺮ ﻣ ْﻦ َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ ْاﻷَ ْﺷﺮِ َﺑﺔ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻬ َﻤﺎ; َﻓ َﻴ ْﺘ ُْﺮ ُك َﻛﺜ ًﻴﺮا ﻣ ﱠﻤﺎ َﻋﻠ َﻢ ﺣ ﱠﻠ ُﻪ ْ‬ ‫ي‪َ ) :‬ﻗ ْﻮ ُﻟ ُﻪ‪َ ) :‬ﻛَﺎنََ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﺷ ْﺒ ُﺮ َﻣ َﺔ َﻻ َﻳ ْﺸ َﺮ ُب إِ ﱠﻻ ا ْﻟ َﻤﺎ َء َواﻟ ﱠﻠ َﺒ َﻦ ( َأ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫‪َ −‬ﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣ ُﺔ ﱢ‬
‫اﻟﺴ ْﻨْﺪ ﱡ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻮ َر ِع َواﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻘ َﻮى; َﻓﻨَ ﱠﺒ َﻪ ﺑِ َﺨَ ْﺘ ِﻢ ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬
‫ﺚ َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻛَﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ; ﻟِ ْﻠ َﺤ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺚ َﺧ َﺘﻢ ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘﺎب ﺑِﻬ َﺬا ْاﻷَ َﺛﺮِ ا ْﻟﻤ ِﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺠ َﺔ ا ْﻟﻌ ْﻠـ ِﻢ ﻫ َ‬
‫ـﻲ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻘ َـﻮى; َﻓ َﻘـ ْﺪْ‬ ‫ﺎب َﻋ َﻠﻰ َأنﱠﱠ َﻧﺘ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻒ ‪َ ~ −‬ﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ ‪َ −‬و َأ َﺟﺎ َد َﺣ ْﻴ ُ‬ ‫ا ْﻟ َﻮ َر ِع‪َ ,‬و َﻟ َﻘﺪْْ َأ ْﺣ َﺴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺼﻨﱢ ُ‬
‫ﺎﻫﺎ ﺑِ َﻔ ْﻀ ِﻠ َ‬ ‫َّ َ ۡ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ ۡ َ ُ‬
‫ﻳﻢ (‪.‬‬‫ﻚ َﻳﺎ َﻛﺮِ ُ‬ ‫ِند ٱ ِ أتق ٰك ۡ ۚم ﱠ‪ ,‬اﻟ ﱠﻠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ ْار ُز ْﻗ َﻨ َ‬ ‫ﺎل َﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ‪ :‬ﱡ إ ِن أكرمكم ِع‬ ‫َﻗ َ‬
‫ي َﻋ َﻠﻰ ) ُﺳﻨَ ِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ َﱠﺴﺎﺋِ ﱢﻲ( « )‪َ » ,(٣٣٦/٨‬ذ ِﺧ َﻴﺮ ُة ا ْﻟ ُﻌ ْﻘ َﺒﻰ; ﻓِﻲ َﺷ ْﺮ ِحِ )ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺠ َﺘ َﺒﻰ( « )‪.(٣٩٩/٤٠‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨْﺪ ﱢ‬
‫ِ‬
‫» َﺣﺎﺷ َﻴ ُﺔ ﱢ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫وف ِﻷَ َﻓ‬ ‫َث ﻋ ْﺸﺮ َة َﺧ َﻠ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﻦ‪َ ,‬ﺣ ﱠـﺮ َر اﷲُ‬ ‫ﺎﺿـﻞ ا ْﻟﻔ َﻠ ْﺴـﻄﻴﻨ ﱢﻴ َ‬ ‫ـﻦ َﺻـ َﻔﺮٍ َﺳـﻨَ َﺔ )‪٣٠٢‬ﻫــ(‪َ ,‬و َﻗ ْﺒ ُـﺮ ُه ُﻫﻨَ َ‬
‫َـﺎك َﻣ ْﻌ ُـﺮ ٌ‬ ‫ـﺖ ﻣ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﻣ َﻠﺔ(‪ ,‬ﺑِـ)ﻓ َﻠ ْﺴﻄ ْﻴ َﻦ( ﻓﻲ َﻳ ْﻮ ِم اﻻ ْﺛﻨَ ْﻴ ِﻦ ﻟ َﺜﻼَ َ َ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ َأنﱠﱠ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ َﻆ اﻟﻨﱠ َﱠﺴﺎﺋ ﱠﻲ ُﺗ ُُﻮ ﱢﻓ َﻲ ﺑـِ) ﱠ‬‫اﻟﺼﺤ ُ‬ ‫* َﻓﺎﺋﺪََ ٌة‪ :‬ﱠ‬
‫اﺿﻴﻨََﺎ َﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﻮر‪ ,‬و َأﻋﺎد َﻟﻨََﺎ َأر ِ‬ ‫ب َوا ْﻟ َﻌ َﺠ ِﻢِ‪َ ,‬و َﺟ َﻌ َﻠﻨََﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻫ َﺬا ا ْﻟ ِ‬ ‫ﻮد َو ِر ْﺟ ِﺴ ِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ ,‬و َد ﱠﻣ َﺮ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻬ ْﻢ َو َﻋ َﻠﻰ َأ ْﻋ َﻮاﻧِ ِﻬ ْﻢ ِﻣ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﺨَ َﻮ َﻧ َِﺔ َوا ْﻟ َﻜ َﻔ َﺮ ِة ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ َﻌ َﺮ ِ‬
‫َﺲ ا ْﻟﻴﻬ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎﻫ َﺮ ًة َﻃ ﱢﻴ َﺒـ ًﺔ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻴﻞ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺤ ﱢﺮ ِر ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻨ ُْﺼ ِ َ َ َ‬
‫ﺠ ِ‬ ‫اﻷَ ْر َض ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻘ ﱠﺪﱠ َﺳ َﺔ ﻣ ْﻦ َد َﻧ ِ َ ُ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم ﻓِﻲ‪ِ » :‬ﺳ َﻴﺮِ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼ ِء « )‪.(١٢٥/١٤‬‬ ‫ﻴﻦ‪َ ,‬و َو َﻗﺎ َﻧَﺎ َﺷ ﱠﺮ ُﻛ ﱢُﻞ ِذي َﺷ ﱟﺮ‪َ ,‬و َﺗ َْﺮ َﺟ َﻤ ُﺔ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺮ ِﺟﻔ َ‬
‫ِِ‬
‫َﺲ ا ْﻟﺨََ ﺎﺋﻨ َ‬‫ُﻣ َﺼﺎ َﻧ ًﺔ ِﻣ ْﻦ َد َﻧ ِ‬
 ‫‪١٤‬‬

‫ُ‬ ‫ُّ َ‬
‫)‪ » (٦‬اﻟﺴﻦﻨ «‬
‫ُ َ َّ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ْ ِّ ْ َ َ ْ‬ ‫َ َْ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫ﻲﻨ‪) ،‬اﺑ ِﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﻪ( ~ )‪ ٢٧٣ - ٢٠٩‬ﻫ(‪‬‬ ‫ﻳ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺰ‬ ‫ﻘ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﺰ‬ ‫ﻳ‬
‫ِ ِ‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺤﻣ‬ ‫؛‬‫ِ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻆ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻟ ِﻠ‬

‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫‪َ ‬وﺑِ َﻬﺎ إِ َﻟﻰ ْ ِ‬

‫ﺎﺟ ْﻪ( ْاﻟ َﻘ ْﺰ ِو ْﻳﻨ ﱢﻲ; ﻓﻲ ) ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨَ ِﻦ( )‪:(٢٤‬‬ ‫ﺎم َأﺑِﻲ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﷲ; ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤﺪ ) ْاﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ َ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣ ِ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫)‪(٢٥‬‬
‫ﺐ ْاﻟ ِﻌ ْﻠ ِﻢ [‬
‫اب َﻃ َﻠ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﺟﺘِ َﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺎب ْاﻟﺒِ ْﺪ َﻋﺔ‪َ ,‬و َأ ْﺑ َﻮ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﱠﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﻣ ْﻌﺮِ َﻓﺘ َﻬﺎ‪َ ,‬و ْ‬ ‫] َأ ْﺑ َﻮ ُ‬
‫اب ﱢاﺗ َﺒ ِ‬
‫ﺎع ﱡ‬
‫ﺎع♣ ﺳﻨﱠ ِﺔ رﺳ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺎب♣ ‪ :‬ﱢاﺗ َﺒ ُ ِ ُ َ ُ‬ ‫َﺑ ٌُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ــ َﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ َأ ُﺑﻮ َﺑ ْﻜ ♣ﺮٍ ِ‪ ,‬ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َﺷـ ْﻴ َﺒ َﺔ; َﻗ َ‬
‫ـﻦ َأﺑِـﻲ َﺻـﺎﻟﺢٍٍ ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْ‬
‫ـﻦ‬ ‫ـﻦ ْاﻷَ ْﻋ َﻤ ِ‬
‫ـﺶ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْ‬ ‫ـﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣـﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ َﺷـﺮِ ٌ‬
‫ﻳﻚ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِ‬

‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪: ‬‬ ‫َأﺑِﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺮ َة ‪َ ; ‬ﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﻗ َﺎل َر ُﺳ ُ‬

‫ِ‬
‫» َﻣﺎ َأ َﻣ ْﺮ ُﺗ ُﻜ ْﻢ ﺑِﻪ; َﻓ ُﺨ ُﺬ ُ‬
‫وه‪َ ,‬و َﻣﺎ َﻧ َﻬ ْﻴ ُﺘ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻋﻨْ ُﻪ; َﻓ ْﺎﻧ َﺘ ُﻬﻮا «)‪.(٢٦‬‬

‫َاء ﺑِ َﻬﺬا ِاﻻ ْﺳ ِﻢِ‪,‬‬

‫ﻮط; ﺑ ْﻞ َﺗ َﻜَﺮر َﻛَﺜِﻴﺮا ﻓِﻲ ﻧِﻬﺎﻳ ِﺔ ْاﻷَﺟ َﺰ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ﱠ َ ً‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺎﻣ ِﻊ اﻟﺴﻨَ َِﻦ « ﻋ َﻠﻰ ُﻃﺮ ِة ا ْﻟﻤ ْﺨْ ُﻄ ِ‬
‫ﱠ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱡ‬
‫ﻴﻤﻴ ِﺔ( اﻟ ﱡﺘﱡﺮﻛِﻴ ِﺔ ا ْﻟﻤﺴﻨََﺪََ ِة )ن ‪ ٤٨٥‬ﻫـ( ﺑِﺎﺳ ِﻢ » ﺟ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ﱠ ُ ْ‬
‫َﺎب ﻓِﻲ ﻣﺨْْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃﺘِ ِﻪ اﻟ ﱠﻨ ِﱠﻔﻴﺴ ِﺔ ﺑـِ) ِ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻠ ﱠ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َﺖ َﺗ َْﺴ ِﻤ َﻴ ُﺔ ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬‫)‪َ (٢٤‬ﺗﻨْﺒِﻴ ٌﻪ‪َ :‬ﺛ َﺒ َﺘ ْ‬
‫ـﺖ َﻋ َﻠـﻰ ُﻧ َُﺴـﺦِِ‬
‫ﻚ َﺛ َﺒ َ‬‫اﻟﺴـﻨَ َُﻦ « َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻬـﺎ‪َ ,‬و َﻛ ََـﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫وف » ﱡ‬‫اﺳ ُـﻤ ُﻪ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُـﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺖ ْ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺎ‪ −‬ﺑِﺨََ ﱢﻂ َﺷ ْﻴﺦِِ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ِم ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻓ ِﻖ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﻗ َﺪَ َاﻣ َﺔ; َﻓ َﻘﺪْْ َﺛ َﺒ َ‬ ‫ﻮرﻳ ِﺔ( ا ْﻟ ِﻤﺼﺮِﻳ ِﺔ اﻟﻨﱠ ِﱠﻔﻴﺴ ِﺔ ا ْﻟﻤﺴﻨََﺪََ ِة ا ْﻟﻤﻨْْﺴ َ ِ‬
‫ﻮﺧﺔ‪َ −‬ﺗ َْﺮ ِﺟ ً‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫َ ُ ْ‬ ‫ْ ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺑِﺨ َﻼف ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ )اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻴ ُﻤ ِ ﱠ‬
‫ِ ِ‬

‫اﻟﺴ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻤﺎﻧِ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ( اﻟ ﱡﺘ ْﱡﺮﻛِ ﱠﻴ َﺘ ْﻴ ِﻦ‪َ ,‬و َﻏ ْﻴﺮِ َﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤ ﱠﻼ(‪ ,‬و) ﱡ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫ﻳﺲ(‪َ ,‬و) ُﻣ َﺮاد ُ‬ ‫) َﺑ ِ‬
‫ﺎر َ‬
‫َﺎب‪َ ,‬و َأ َﺿ ْﻔ ُﺘ ُﻪ ﻟِﻠ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﻮ ِﺿ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺢِ ‪.‬‬ ‫َﺎب‪َ ,‬و َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ ِﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﺻ ِﻞ ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻤ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ( ِﺿ ْﻤ َﻦ ﻓِ ْﻬﺮِ ِ‬
‫س ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫ﻮط )اﻟﺴ ِﻠ ِ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫)‪ (٢٥‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ا ْﻟﻤﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓﻴ ِﻦ ﻣ ْﻜ ُﺘُﻮب ﻋ َﻠﻰ ُﻃﺮ ِة ﻣﺨْْ ُﻄ ِ‬
‫ﱠ َ‬ ‫ٌ َ‬ ‫َ َْ َ َ ْ ْ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫)‪ُ » (٢٦‬ﺳﻨَ ُﻦ ا ْﺑ ِ‬
‫ـﻲ‪ (١٥/١) :‬ح )‪,(١‬‬ ‫ﺎﺟـ ْﻪ « َﻫـﺎدي‪ :‬ص )‪ (٤٣‬ح )‪ ,(١‬اﻟ ﱠﺘﱠﺄﺻـﻴﻞ‪ (١٧٩/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨـﺰ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٢‬ح )‪ُ ,(١‬ﺷـ َﻌ ْﻴﺐ‪ (٣/١) :‬ح )‪َ ,(١‬ﺑ ﱠﺸـﺎر‪ (٣٥/١) :‬ح )‪َ ,(١‬ﻋﻠ ّ‬ ‫ـﻦ َﻣ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻮر ﱠﻳﺔ‪/٢) :‬أ(‪َ ,‬ﺑ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻤ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‪/٢) :‬أ(‪ ,‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻴ ُﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﺎت‪ :‬اﻟﺴ ِﻠ ِ‬ ‫ْاﻷَ ْﻟﺒﺎﻧِﻲ‪ −‬ﺣﺴﻦ‪ :‬ص )‪ (١٣‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ﻋﺒﺪ ا ْﻟﺒﺎﻗِﻲ‪ (٣/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬وﻓِﻲ اﻟﻤ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺢ‪.‬‬ ‫ث ا ْﻟ َﻌ ْﺼﺮِ ْاﻷ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧ ﱡﻲ‪َ :‬ﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫ﺎرﻳﺲ‪/٢) :‬أ( َو َﻗ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺤﺪﱢﱢ ُ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َْ َ‬ ‫َ ّ َ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺢِِ ُﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ٍﻢ« ‪َ −‬ﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﻟ َﺒﺎﻗِﻲ‪ (٩٧٥/٢) :‬ح)‪َ ;−(١٣٣٧‬ﻓ َﻌ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺮ َةَ‪َ ,‬ﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺧ َﻄ َﺒﻨََﺎ َر ُﺳ ُ‬ ‫ﺎق »ﺻ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺖ‪ :‬ﻟِﻬ َﺬا ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﱠـﺎس َﻗ ْـﺪْ َﻓ َـﺮ َض اﷲُ‬ ‫ـﺎل‪َ » :‬أ ﱡﻳ َﻬـﺎ اﻟﻨﱠ ُ‬ ‫ـﻮل اﷲ ☺ ; َﻓ َﻘ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ َﺗَﺘ ﱠﻤ ٌﺔٌ‪َ ,‬و َﻧ َْﺨْ َﺘ َُﺎر َﻟ َﻬﺎ ﺳ َﻴ َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫* ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ َ‬
‫اﺳ َﺘ َﻄ ْﻌ ُﺘ ُْﻢ «; ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َﺎل‪َ » :‬ذ ُروﻧِﻲ َﻣﺎ َﺗ ََـﺮ ْﻛ ُﺘ ُﻜ ُْﻢ‪َ ,‬ﻓﺈِ ﱠﻧ َﱠﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ ,‬و َﻟ َﻤﺎ ْ‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ :‬ﻧ َﻌ ْﻢ َﻟ َﻮ َﺟ َﺒ ْ‬ ‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ☺ ‪َ » :‬ﻟ ْﻮ ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬ ‫َﺖ َﺣ ﱠﺘﱠﻰ َﻗﺎ َﻟ َﻬﺎ َﺛ َﻼ ًﺛﺎ‪َ ,‬ﻓ َﻘ َﺎل َر ُﺳ ُ‬ ‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ? َﻓ َﺴ َﻜ َ‬ ‫َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ُﻜ ُُﻢ ا ْﻟ َﺤ ﱠﺞ‪َ ,‬ﻓ ُﺤ ﱡﺠﻮا«‪َ ,‬ﻓ َﻘ َﺎل َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ‪َ :‬أ ُﻛ ﱠُﻞ َﻋﺎ ٍم َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳ َ‬
‫ﻳﺚ ا ﱠﻟ ِـﺬي‬ ‫ﱢﻒ ﻫ ِـﺬ ِه اﻟ ﱠﺘﱠﺘِﻤـ َﺔ ﻓِـﻲ اﻟﺤ ِـﺪ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫اﺳ َﺘ َﻄ ْﻌ ُﺘ ُْﻢ‪َ ,‬وإِ َذا َﻧ ََﻬ ْﻴ ُﺘ ُﻜ ُْﻢ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺷ ْﻲء َﻓﺪََ ُﻋﻮ ُه«‪َ ,‬و َﻗﺪْْ َذ َﻛ ََﺮ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺼـﻨﱢ ُ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﺎنَ َﻗﺒ َﻠ ُﻜُﻢ ﺑِ َﻜ ْﺜﺮ ِة ﺳ َﺆَ اﻟِ ِﻬﻢ و ْ ِ ِ‬
‫اﺧﺘ َﻼﻓ ِﻬ ْﻢ َﻋ َﻠﻰ َأ ْﻧﺒِ َﻴﺎﺋ ِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ ,‬ﻓﺈِ َذا َأ َﻣ ْﺮ ُﺗ ُﻜ ُْﻢ ﺑِ َﺸ ْﻲء َﻓ ْﺄ ُﺗُﻮا ﻣﻨْ ُﻪ َﻣﺎ ْ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫ﻚ َﻣ ْﻦ َﻛ َ ْ ْ َ ُ‬ ‫َﻫ َﻠ َ‬
‫ﺎظ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺾ ْاﻷَ ْﻟ َﻔ ِ‬ ‫ف ﻓِﻲ َﺑ ْﻌ ِ‬ ‫اﺧﺘِ َﻼ ٍ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ﱢﺞ‪َ ,‬ﻣ َﻊ ْ‬ ‫ون ِﺣ َﻜ ِ‬ ‫ﺎﺷ َﺮ ًة ﺑِ ُﺪُ ِ‬‫َﻳ ِﻠ ِﻴﻪ ُﻣ َﺒ َ‬
‫َﺎﻳﺔ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺠﺴ َﺘَﺎﻧِﻲ; َﻗ َﺎل‪):‬ا ْﻟ ِﻔ ْﻘﻪ ﻳ ُﺪُ ور ﻋ َﻠﻰ َﺧﻤﺴ ِﺔ َأﺣ ِ‬ ‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ِمِ; َﻓ َﻌ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َد ُاو ِد ﱢ ِ‬ ‫ﻮل ْ ِ‬‫ﻳﺚ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُأ ُﺻ ِ‬ ‫‪َ −‬و َﻫ َﺬا ا ْﻟ َﺤ ِﺪ ُ‬
‫ﻳﻦ‬‫ﻳﺚ‪» :‬ا ْﻟ َﺤ َﻼ ُل َﺑ ﱢﻴ ٌﻦ َوا ْﻟ َﺤ َﺮا ُم َﺑ ﱢﻴ ٌﻦ«‪َ ,‬و» َﻻ َﺿ َﺮ َر َو َﻻ ﺿ َﺮ َار«‪َ ,‬و» ْاﻷَ ْﻋ َﻤ ُﺎل ﺑِﺎﻟﻨﱢ ﱠﻴﺎت« ‪َ ,‬و»اﻟﺪﱢﱢ ُ‬ ‫ﺎد َ‬ ‫ْ َ َ‬ ‫َُ ُ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ْ ﱢ‬
‫ﺎز ِل ا ْﻟﻤ ﱠﺘ ِﻘﻴﻦ « ص )‪ » ,(٤٠‬ﺟ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﱠ ِﱠﺼﻴﺤ ُﺔ«‪ ,‬و»ﻣﺎ َﻧَﻬﻴ ُﺘ ُﻜُﻢ ﻋﻨْﻪ َﻓ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻣ ُﻊ ا ْﻟ ُﻌ ُﻠﻮ ِم « اﻷَ ْر َﻧ ُﺆُ وط‪.(٦٣/١) :‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻳﻦ‪ ,‬إِ َﻟﻰ َﻣﻨَ ِ ُ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺋﺮِ َ‬ ‫اﺳ َﺘ َﻄ ْﻌ ُﺘ ُْﻢ« (‪ْ » .‬اﻷَ ْر َﺑ ُﻌﻮ َنَ ; ﻓﻲ إِ ْر َﺷﺎد ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎﺟ َﺘَﻨ ُﺒﻮ ُه‪َ ,‬و َﻣﺎ َأ َﻣ ْﺮ ُﺗ ُﻜ ُْﻢ ﺑِﻪ َﻓ ْﺄ ُﺗُﻮا ﻣﻨْ ُﻪ َﻣﺎ ْ‬‫َ َ َْ ْ َ ُ ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﺎب َﻧ َْﻬﻴِﻪ ُﺷ ْﻐ ًْﻼ َﻋ ِﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ َﺴﺎﺋ ِﻞ; َﻓﺎ ﱠﻟﺬي َﻳ َﺘ َﻌ ﱠﻴ ُﻦ َﻋ َﻠﻰ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻠ ِﻢ اﻻ ْﻋﺘ َﻨَﺎ ُء ﺑِﻪ َواﻻ ْﻫﺘ َﻤﺎ ُم َأنْْ‬ ‫اﺟﺘ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ا ْﻟ َﺤﻨْ َﺒﻠ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬و َأ َﺷ َﺎر ☺ ﻓﻲ َﻫ َﺬا ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪﻳﺚ إِ َﻟﻰ َأنﱠﱠ ﻓﻲ اﻻ ْﺷﺘ َﻐَﺎل ﺑِ ْﺎﻣﺘ َﺜﺎل َأ ْﻣﺮِه‪َ ,‬و ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َر َﺟ ٍ‬ ‫‪َ −‬ﻗ َﺎل َ‬
‫ﻮر ا ْﻟ َﻌ َﻤ ِﻠ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‪َ ,‬ﺑ َﺬ َل ُو ْﺳـ َﻌ ُﻪ ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ﻮر ا ْﻟ ِﻌ ْﻠ ِﻤ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‪َ ,‬وإِ ْنْ َﻛَﺎنََ ِﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷُ ُﻣ ِ‬‫ﻚ إِنْْ َﻛَﺎنََ ِﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷُ ُﻣ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﻖ ﺑِ َﺬﻟِ َ‬‫ﻮف َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻣ َﻌﺎﻧِ ِﻴﻪ; ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻳ ْﺸ َﺘ َِﻐ ُﻞ ﺑِﺎﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺼ ِﺪ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ ,‬وا ْﻟﻮ ُﻗ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺚ َﻋ ﱠﻤﺎ َﺟﺎ َء َﻋ ِﻦ اﷲ َو َر ُﺳﻮﻟﻪ ☺; ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻳ ْﺠ َﺘ َِﻬﺪُُ ﻓﻲ َﻓ ْﻬ ِﻢ َذﻟ َ َ ُ‬ ‫َﻳ ْﺒ َﺤ َ‬

‫ـﺎن ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ـﻢ ﺑِﺈِ ْﺣ َﺴ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻮنُ ِﻫ ﱠﻤ ُﺘ ُﻪ َﻣ ْﺼ ُﺮو َﻓ ًﺔ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ ُﻜ ﱢﻠ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ إِ َﻟﻰ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫اﺟﺘِ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ـﻲ ☺ َواﻟ ﱠﺘﱠـﺎﺑِﻌ َ‬
‫ﻴﻦ َﻟ ُﻬ ْ‬ ‫ـﺤ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺎب اﻟﻨﱠﺒ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻚ; َﻻ إِ َﻟﻰ َﻏ ْﻴﺮِه‪َ .‬و َﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا َﻛَﺎنََ َﺣ ُﺎل َأ ْﺻ َ‬ ‫َﺎب َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻨْ َْﻬﻰ َﻋﻨْ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﺗ ُﻜ ُ‬ ‫اﻻ ْﺟﺘ َﻬﺎد ﻓﻲ ﻓ ْﻌ ِﻞ َﻣﺎ َﻳ ْﺴ َﺘَﻄﻴ ُﻌ ُﻪ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَ َواﻣﺮِ‪َ ,‬و ْ‬
‫ﻴﻦ َﺣ ِﺪﻳ ًﺜﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺟ َﻮ ِاﻣ ِﻊ ا ْﻟ َﻜ ِﻠ ِﻢ « اﻷَ ْر َﻧ ُﺆُ وط‪.(٢٤٤/١) :‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ ا ْﻟﻌ ْﻠ ِﻢ اﻟ ﱠﻨﱠﺎﻓ ِﻊ (‪َ » .‬ﺟﺎﻣ ُﻊ ا ْﻟ ُﻌ ُﻠﻮ ِم َوا ْﻟﺤ َﻜ ِﻢ; ﻓﻲ َﺷ ْﺮ ِحِ َﺧ ْﻤﺴ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫َﻃ َﻠ ِ ِ‬

‫ﺐ َﻋ َﻠﻰ َأنﱠﱠ ا ْﻷَ ْﺧ َﺬ ﺑِ َﻬ ِﺬ ِه‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨَ َِﻦ َأ ْﻣ ٌﺮ َﻻ ُﺑﺪﱠﱠ ِﻣﻨْ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﺗﻨْﺒِ ًﻴﻬﺎ ﻟِﻠ ﱠﻄﺎﻟِ ِ‬
‫ﻴﻒ ﻓﻲ َﺟ ْﻤ ِﻊ ﱡ‬
‫ﺚ ﺑﺪََ َأ ﺑِ َﺄﺑﻮاب ا ﱢﺗﺒﺎع اﻟﺴﻨﱠ ِﺔ‪ ,‬إِ َﺷﺎر ًة إِ َﻟﻰ َأ ﱠنﱠ اﻟ ﱠﺘﺼﻨ ِ َ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻴﺐ; َﺣ ْﻴ ُ َ ْ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﱢﻒ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﺮﺗ َ‬ ‫ي‪َ ) :‬ﻗﺪْْ َأ ْﺣ َﺴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺼ ﱢﻨ ُ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣ ُﺔ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪُ ا ْﻟ َﻐَﻨ ِ ﱢﻲ ﱢ‬
‫اﻟﺪﱢ ْﻫ َﻠ ِﻮ ﱡ‬
‫ﻒ; ﺛﻢ ﻋ َﻘﺐ ﺑِ َﻔ َﻀـﺎﺋِ ِﻞ اﻟﺼ ِ ِ‬ ‫ﺎت ﻋ َﻠﻰ ا ْﻟﻤ َﻜ ﱠﻠ ِ‬ ‫اﺟﺒ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻳﻤ ِ‬ ‫اب ا ْﻟ َﻌ َﻘﺎﺋِ ِﺪ ِﻣ َﻦ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨَ َِﻦ ِﻣﻦ ا ْﻟﻮ ِ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴـﻨَ َِﻦ إِ َﻟ ْﻴﻨََـﺎ; َﻓـﺈ َذا َﻟـ ْﻢ‬
‫ـﺤﺎ َﺑﺔ; ﻷَ ﱠﻧ ُﻬـ ْﻢ ُﻣ َﺒ ﱢﻠ ُﻐُـﻮ ﱡ‬ ‫ﱠ َ‬ ‫ﱠ َ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺎن َوا ْﻟﻘﺪََ ِر; ﻷَ ﱠﻧ َﱠﻬﺎ َأ ﱠو ُل ا ْﻟ َﻮ ِ َ‬ ‫اﻹ َ‬ ‫اب َأ ْﺑ َﻮ َ‬‫ﺐ َﻫﺬه ْاﻷَ ْﺑ َﻮ َ‬ ‫اﺟ َﺒﺎت اﻟﺪﱢﱢ ﻳﻨ ﱠﻴﺔ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻋ َﻘ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ﱡ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻮع َﻛ َﺮا ْﺗﺸﻲ‪−‬ﺑ َﺘ ََﺼ ﱡﺮف‪ −‬ص )‪.(٢‬‬ ‫ي[ َﺷ ْﺮ ُح ُﺳﻨَﻦ ا ْﺑﻦ َﻣ َ‬
‫ﺎﺟ ْﻪ « َﻣ ْﺠ ُﻤ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﱢﱢ ْﻫ َﻠﻮ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺎح َ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺴﻨَﻦ َواﻷَ ْﺣ َﻜﺎ ِم (‪] » .‬إ ْﻧ َﺠ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋ َﺪَ ا َﻟ ُﺘ ُﻬ ْﻢ‪َ ,‬ﻻ َﻳﺘ ﱡﻢ َﻟﻨَﺎ ا ْﻟﻌ ْﻠ ُﻢ ﺑ ﱡ‬ ‫َﺗ ْﺜ ُﺒ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮﻋ ﱠﻴ ُﺔ ﻣ َﻦ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎﻟﺴـﻨﱠﺔ اﻟ ﱠﻄﺮِﻳ َﻘـ َﺔ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺴـ ُﻠﻮ َﻛ َﺔ َﻟـ ُﻪ‬ ‫ب َواﻟ َﻜ َﺮ َاﻫﺔ‪َ ,‬و ُﻳ ْﺤ َﺘ َﻤـ ُﻞ َأ ﱠﻧﱠـ ُﻪ َأ َرا َد ﺑِ ﱡ‬‫اﻟﺤ ْﺮﻣﺔ َواﻟﻨﱠ ْﺪْ ِ‬ ‫ﻮب َو ُ‬ ‫ﺎﺣﺔ َوا ْﻟ ُﻮ ُﺟ ِ‬‫اﻹ َﺑ َ‬ ‫ﺖ ﺑِ َﻬﺎ ْاﻷَ ْﺣ َﻜﺎ ُم ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺴﻨﱠﺔ ْاﻷَد ﱠﻟ َﺔ ا ﱠﻟﺘﻲ َﺗ ْﺜ ُﺒ ُ‬ ‫ي‪ُ ) :‬ﻳ ْﺤ َﺘ َﻤ ُﻞ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َأ َرا َد ﺑِ ﱡ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ْﻨْﺪ ﱡ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣ ُﺔ ﱢ‬
‫ﺐ ﺑِ ْﺎﻷَ ِﺧﻴﺮِ (‪ ».‬ا ْﻟﻜِ َﻔ َﺎﻳ ُﺔ « )‪.(٣/١‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺠ ْﻤﻠﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﺑ ْﻌ ُﻀ َﻬﺎ َأ ْﻧ َﺴ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌﻨَ َﻴ ْﻴ ِﻦ ﻓﻲ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺚ اﻟﺒ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺎب ُﺗﻨَﺎﺳ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻮل‪َ ,‬و َأ َﺣﺎد ُ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻞ‪َ ,‬وﺑِﺎ ْﻟﻤ ْﻌﻨَﻰ اﻟ ﱠﺜﺎﻧِﻲ‪ِ :‬ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﻗﺴﺎ ِم اﻟﻤ ْﺪْ ُﻟ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﱠ ﻟِ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﱠ ُﺔ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌﻨَﻰ ْاﻷَ ﱠو ِل‪ِ :‬ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﻗ َﺴﺎ ِم ﱠ‬ ‫☺ ‪َ ,‬و ﱡ‬
 ‫‪١٥‬‬

‫‪    ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ‬ ‫ﺎو َﻳ َﺔ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ ْاﻷ َ ْﻋ َﻤ ِ‬ ‫ــ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ َأﺑُﻮ ﺑَ ْﻜﺮ♣ٍ ِ‪ ,‬اﺑْ ُﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َﺷﻴْﺒَ َﺔ‪َ ,‬و َأ ْﺣ َﻤ ُﺪ ﺑْ ُﻦ ِﺳﻨَ ٍ‬
‫ﺎن; َﻗ َﺎﻻ‪َ :‬ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣ َﻌ ِ‬

‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪:‬‬ ‫َأﺑِﻲ َﺻﺎﻟِ ٍﺢ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺮ َة; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﻗ َﺎل َر ُﺳ ُ‬
‫ﺎت; َﻓ َﺪ َﺧ َﻞ اﻟﻨﱠ َﺎر‪,‬‬‫ﺎر; َﻓﺈِ َذا َﻣ َ‬ ‫» َﻣﺎ ِﻣﻨْ ُﻜ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ َأ َﺣ ٍﺪ إِ ﱠﻻ َﻟ ُﻪ َﻣ ْﻨ ِﺰ َﻻ ِن‪َ :‬ﻣﻨْ ِﺰ ٌل ﻓِﻲ ْاﻟ َﺠﻨﱠ ِﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﻣﻨْ ِﺰ ٌل ﻓِﻲ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬
‫ُ ْ َ ٰٓ َ ُ ُ ۡ َ ٰ ُ َ‬
‫)‪(٢٧‬‬
‫ﻚ َﻗ ْﻮ ُﻟ ُﻪ َﺗ َﻌ َﺎﻟﻰ‪ :‬ﱡ أولئ ِك هم ٱلورِثون ‪ ١٠‬ﱠ ]اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮن‪. « [١٠ :‬‬ ‫ث َأ ْﻫ ُﻞ ْاﻟ َﺠﻨﱠ ِﺔ َﻣ ْﻨ ِﺰ َﻟ ُﻪ; َﻓ َﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫َو ِر َ‬

‫ـﺎدي‪ :‬ص )‪ (٧١١‬ح )‪ ,(٤٣٤١‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻـﻴﻞ‪ (١٣١/٤) :‬ح )‪ ,(٤٣٧٦‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِـﺰ‪ :‬ص)‪ (٦٤٠‬ح )‪ُ ,(٤٤٨٥‬ﺷـ َﻌ ْﻴﺐ‪ (٣٨٩/٥) :‬ح )‪َ ,(٤٣٤١‬ﺑ ﱠﺸـﺎر‪ (٧٠٢/٥) :‬ح‬ ‫)‪ » (٢٧‬ﺳﻨَﻦ اﺑ ِﻦ ﻣﺎﺟـﻪ « ﻫ ِ‬
‫ُ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ‬
‫ﻴﻤ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‪/٢٢٠) :‬ب(‪ ,‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻴ ُﻤ ِ‬
‫ﻮر ﱠﻳــﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ـﺎت‪ :‬اﻟﺴـ ِـﻠ ِ‬
‫)‪ ,(٤٣٤١‬ﻋ ِﻠــﻲ‪ (٢٧٧/٤) :‬ح )‪ْ ,(٤٤١٨‬اﻷَ ْﻟﺒــﺎﻧِﻲ‪ −‬ﺣﺴــﻦ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٧٢٠‬ح )‪ ,(٤٣٤١‬ﻋﺒــﺪ ا ْﻟﺒــﺎﻗِﻲ‪ (١٤٥٣/٢) :‬ح )‪ ,(٤٣٤١‬وﻓِــﻲ اﻟﻤ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃـ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َْ َ‬ ‫َ ّ َ َ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ّ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫)‪/٥٠٨‬ب(‪َ ,‬ﺑ ِ‬
‫ث ا ْﻟ َﻌ ْﺼﺮِ ْاﻷ ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻧ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﺻﺤ ٌ‬
‫ﻴﺢ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎرﻳﺲ‪/٣٠١) :‬أ(‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺤﺪﱢﱢ ُ‬
‫ﱠـﺎر « ﻓِـﻲ‬
‫ـﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬ ‫ـﻮل‪ :‬ﻫ َـﺬا ﻓِ َﻜَﺎ ُﻛ َ ِ‬
‫ُـﻚ ﻣ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫اﺿﺢ ﺑﻴ ٌ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺎنٌ ﻟ َﺤﺪﻳﺚ ا ْﻟﻔ َﻜَﺎك َأ ِو ا ْﻟﻔﺪََ اء‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻮ َﻗ ْﻮ َﻟ ُﻪ‪ » :‬إِ َذا َﻛَﺎنََ َﻳ ْﻮ ُم ا ْﻟﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣﺔ‪َ ,‬د َﻓ َﻊ اﷲُ ‪ ‬إِ َﻟﻰ ُﻛ ﱢُﻞ ُﻣ ْﺴـﻠ ٍﻢٍ‪َ ,‬ﻳ ُﻬﻮدﻳـﺎ‪َ ,‬أ ْو َﻧ َْﺼ َـﺮاﻧﻴﺎ‪َ ,‬ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘ ُ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ :‬ﻫ َﺬا ا ْﻟ َﺤ ِﺪ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺚ ا ْﻟ َﻮ ُ َ َ‬ ‫* ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬
‫ـﺢ َو َأ ْﺷ َـﻬ ُﺮ‪َ −‬و ُﻫ َـﻮ ا ْﻟﺨََ َـﻼ ُص َوا ْﻟ ِﻔ َـﺪَ ا ُء‪َ ,‬و َﻣ ْﻌﻨََـﻰ َﻫ َـﺬا‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﺎك ‪ −‬ﺑِ َﻔـ ْﺘ ِْﺢِ ا ْﻟ َﻔـﺎء َو َﻛ َْﺴـﺮِ َﻫﺎ‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟ َﻔـ ْﺘ ُْﺢ َأ ْﻓ َﺼ ُ‬ ‫ﺎر ًﺣﺎ ﻟ ُﻪ‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟ َﻔ َﻜ ُ‬ ‫ي َﺷ ِ‬ ‫» َﺻﺤﻴﺢِِ ُﻣ ْﺴﻠ ٍﻢ« َﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﻟ َﺒﺎﻗﻲ‪ (٢١١٩ /٤) :‬ح)‪َ ;(٢٧٦٧‬ﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣ ُﺔ اﻟﻨﱠ َﱠﻮ ِو ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ـﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬
‫ﱠـﺎر «‬ ‫ﻚ ﺑِ ُﻜ ْﻔﺮِ ِه‪ ,‬وﻣﻌﻨَﻰ‪ » :‬ﻓِ َﻜَﺎ ُﻛ َ ِ‬
‫ُﻚ ﻣ َ‬ ‫ََ ْ‬ ‫ﺎر; ِﻻ ْﺳﺘِ ْﺤ َﻘﺎﻗِ ِﻪ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﱠﺎر « َﻓﺎ ْﻟ ُﻤﺆْْ ِﻣ ُﻦ إِ َذا َد َﺧ َﻞ ا ْﻟ َﺠﻨﱠ َﺔ َﺧ َﻠ َﻔ ُﻪ ا ْﻟ َﻜَﺎﻓِ ُﺮ ﻓِﻲ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ َأﺑِﻲ ُﻫ َﺮ ْﻳ َﺮ َة‪ » :‬ﻟِ ُﻜ ﱢُﻞ َأ َﺣ ٍﺪ َﻣﻨْ ِْﺰ ٌل ﻓِﻲ ا ْﻟ َﺠ ﱠﻨ ِﱠﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﻣﻨْ ِْﺰ ٌل ﻓِﻲ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻓِﻲ ﺣ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪ َ َ َ‬
‫ِ ِ‬
‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﱠﺎر‪ ,‬وﻫ َﺬا َﻓ َﻜَﺎ ُﻛ َ ِ‬ ‫ْﺖ ﻣ َﻌﺮ ًﺿﺎ ﻟِﺪُُ ُﺧ ِ‬
‫ﻴﻦ (‪.‬‬ ‫ُﻚ; ﻷَنﱠﱠ اﷲَ َﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ َﻗﺪﱠﱠ َر َﻟ َﻬﺎ َﻋ َﺪَ ًدا َﻳ ْﻤ َﻠ ُﺆُ َﻫﺎ; َﻓﺈِ َذا َد َﺧ َﻠ َﻬﺎ ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ﱠﻔ ُﺎر ﺑِ ُﻜ ْﻔﺮِﻫ ْﻢ َو ُذ ُﻧُﻮﺑِ ِﻬ ْﻢ‪َ ,‬ﺻ ُﺎروا ﻓﻲ َﻣ ْﻌﻨََﻰ ا ْﻟ َﻔ َﻜَﺎك ﻟ ْﻠ ُﻤ ْﺴﻠﻤ َ‬ ‫ﻮل اﻟﻨﱠ ِ َ َ‬ ‫ﱠﻚ ُﻛﻨْ َ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫َأ ﱠﻧ َ‬
‫ـﻴﺮ ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ث ﻋ َﻠﻰ ا ْﻟ َﻜَﺎﻓِﺮِ ﻣ ْﻘﻌﺪََ ه ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ ِ‬
‫ﱠـﺎر َﻳﺼ ُ‬ ‫َ َ ُ َ‬ ‫ور َ َ‬ ‫ث َﻋ َﻠﻰ ا ْﻟ ُﻤﺆْْ ِﻣ ِﻦ َﻣ ْﻘ َﻌﺪََ ُه ِﻣ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﺠ ﱠﻨ ِﱠﺔ‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟ ُﻤﺆْْ ِﻣ ُﻦ إِ َذا ُأ ِ‬ ‫ور َ‬ ‫اء‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟ َﻜَﺎﻓِ ُﺮ إِ َذا ُأ ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ ا ْﻟ ِﻔﺪََ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ َﺗ ْﻔ ِﺴﻴﺮا ﻟِﺤ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫ً َ‬ ‫ﻮنَ َﻫ َﺬا ا ْﻟ َﺤ ِﺪ ُ‬ ‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ُم ا ْﻟ َﺒ ْﻴ َﻬ ِﻘ ﱡﻲ‪َ ) :‬و ُﻳ ْﺸﺒِ ُﻪ َأنْْ َﻳ ُﻜ َ‬
‫‪َ −‬و َﻗ َﺎل ْ ِ‬

‫ي ا ْﻟ ُﻤﺆْْ ِﻣ ُﻦ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻜَﺎﻓِﺮِ‪َ ,‬واﷲُ َأ ْﻋ َﻠ ُﻢ (‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻘﺪﻳﺮِ; َﻛ ََﺄ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ ُﻓﺪ َ‬
‫َ َّ َ ُ‬ ‫َ َّ َ ُ ۡ َّ َ َ ُ َ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫َّ ۡ‬ ‫َ َّ َ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َّ َ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ََۡ ۡ ۡ‬
‫ِين ه ۡم‬ ‫ِلزك ٰوة ِ ف ٰ ِعِلون ‪ ٤‬و ِ‬
‫ٱل‬ ‫ٱلِين هم ل ِ‬ ‫ِين ه ۡم ع ِن ٱللغوِ ُم ۡع ِرضون ‪ ٣‬و ِ‬ ‫شِ ُعون ‪ ٢‬و ِ‬
‫ٱل‬ ‫ِين ه ۡم ِف َص ت ِ ِه ۡم خ ٰ ِ‬ ‫ي ُﻣ َﻔ ﱢﺴ ًﺮا َﻗ ْﻮ َل اﷲ ِ ‪ : ‬ﱡ ق ۡد أفل َح ٱل ُمؤ ِم ُِنون ‪ِ ١‬‬
‫ٱل‬ ‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ُم اﻟ ﱠﻄ َﺒﺮِ ﱡ‬ ‫‪َ −‬و َﻗ َﺎل ْ ِ‬
‫َّ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ َّ َ ُ َ َ‬ ‫َ َ ََٰۡ ٓ َ َ َُ َ َ ُ ۡ ُ َ‬ ‫ي َملُو ِم َ‬ ‫ت َأيۡ َم ٰ ُن ُه ۡم فَإ َّن ُه ۡم َغ ۡ ُ‬ ‫َّ َ َ ٰٓ َ ۡ َ ۡ َ ۡ َ َ َ َ‬ ‫ۡ َ ُ َ‬ ‫ُُ‬
‫ٱلِيـ َن‬ ‫ِين ه ۡم ِلم ٰ َنٰت ِ ِه ۡم َوع ۡه ِدهِ ِۡم َرٰعون ‪َ ٨‬و ِ‬ ‫غ َو َرا َء ذٰل ِِك فأ ْو ٰٓلئِك ه ُم ٱل َعادون ‪ ٧‬و ِ‬
‫ٱل‬ ‫ِي ‪ ٦‬فم ِن ٱبت‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ك ۡ‬ ‫ج ِهم أو ما مل‬ ‫أزو ٰ ِ‬ ‫ج ِهم ح ٰفِِظون ‪ ٥‬إ ِ‬ ‫ل ِِفرو ِ‬
‫َّ َ َ ُ َ ۡ ۡ َ ۡ َ ُ ۡ َ َ ٰ ُ َ‬ ‫ُ َ َ ُ ۡ ُ َ‬ ‫ُ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ََ‬
‫ﻮنَ َﻳ ْﻮ َم ا ْﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ‬
‫ﻳﻦ َﻫ ِﺬ ِه ِﺻ َﻔ ُﺘ ُُﻬ ْﻢ ﻓِﻲ اﻟﺪﱡﱡ ْﻧ َﻴﺎ‪ُ ,‬ﻫ ُﻢ ا ْﻟ َﻮ ِار ُﺛ َ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﻮل َﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ ِذ ْﻛ ُْﺮ ُه‪َ :‬ﻫ ُﺆُ َﻻء ا ﱠﻟﺬ َ‬ ‫ون ‪١١‬ﱠ ‪َ ) :‬ﻳ ُﻘ ُ‬ ‫ٱلِين ي ِرثون ٱل ِفِردوس هم فِِيها خ ِل‬ ‫ه ۡم ٰ َصل َو ٰت ِ ِه ۡم يَاف ِِظون ‪ ٩‬أ ْو ٰٓلئِك ه ُم ٱل َو ٰرِثون ‪ِ ١٠‬‬
‫آﺧ َﺮ‪.‬‬‫ﻮر ْد َﻓ ِﻴﻪ َﺗ َْﺄ ِو ًﻳﻼ َأ ْو َﻗ ْﻮ ًﻻ َ‬
‫ﻳﺚ ﺑِ َﻠ ْﻔﻈِ ِﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﻟ ْﻢ ُﻳ ِ‬ ‫ﺎق َﻫ َﺬا ا ْﻟ َﺤ ِﺪ َ‬ ‫ﻳﻞ ‪ُ ; ( ...‬ﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺳ َ‬ ‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ☺‪َ ,‬و َﺗ ََﺄ ﱠو َﻟ ُﻪ َأ ْﻫ ُﻞ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِو ِ‬ ‫ي ا ْﻟﺨََ َﺒﺮ َﻋ ْﻦ رﺳ ِ‬
‫َ ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ُ ,‬ر ِو َ‬ ‫ﱠﺎر ِﻣ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﺠ ﱠﻨ ِﱠﺔ‪َ ,‬وﺑِ َﻨ َْﺤ ِﻮ ا ﱠﻟ ِﺬي ُﻗ ْﻠﻨََﺎ ﻓِﻲ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫َﺎز َل َأ ْﻫ ِﻞ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬‫َﻣﻨَ ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨْْﻬﺎج ‪َ ,‬ﺷﺮح ﺻ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻳﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ِْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺤ ﱠﺠﺎجِِ « )‪.(٨٥ /١٧‬‬ ‫ﻴﺢِ ُﻣ ْﺴﻠ ِﻢ ْﺑ ِﻦ َ‬ ‫ﺤ ِ‬ ‫ْ ُ َ‬ ‫ﺎن « )‪ُ َ » ,(٥٨٢/١‬‬ ‫اﻹ َ‬ ‫ي « ُﻫ َﺠﺮ‪ُ » ,(١٥/١٧) :‬ﺷ َﻌ ُ‬ ‫» َﺗ ْﻔﺴ ُﻴﺮ اﻟ ﱠﻄ َﺒﺮِ ﱢ‬
‫ﺎد ﻓِﻲ اﻟﺪﱡﱡ ْﻧ َﻴﺎ‪َ ,‬و ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻣﻨﱠ ِﱠﺔ اﷲ ِ َو َر ْﺣ َﻤﺘِ ِﻪ َأ ﱠﻧﱠـ ُﻪ َﺧ ﱠﻴ َـﺮ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ ْﻧ َْﺴـﺎنََ‬ ‫آﺧﺮ ﻣ ْﻨ ِْﺰ ٍل ﻟِ ْﻠ ِﻌﺒ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﱢﻒ َﺧ ْﺘ َْﻢ ﻛ َﺘَﺎﺑِﻪ ﺑِ َﻬ َﺬا ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪﻳﺚ; َﻓﺎ ْﻟ َﺠﻨﱠ ُﺔ َأ ِو اﻟ ﱠﻨ ُﱠﺎر آﺧ ُﺮ َﻣ ْﻨ ِْﺰل ﻟ ْﻠﻌ َﺒﺎد ﻓﻲ ْاﻵﺧ َﺮة; َﻛ ََﻤﺎ َأ ﱠنﱠ ا ْﻟ َﻘ ْﺒ َﺮ ُ َ‬ ‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ُم ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺼﻨﱢ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ :‬و َﻗ ْﺪْ َأ ْﺣ َﺴ َﻦ ْ ِ‬ ‫* ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬
‫ﻴﻒ‪َ ,‬و َﻟﻜِﻨﱠ ُﻪ ُﻣ َﻮاﻓِ ٌﻖ‬ ‫ﱠﺎر« ‪َ −‬ﻛَﻤﺎ رواه اﻟ ﱢﺘﱢﺮ ِﻣ ِﺬي ﻣﺮ ُﻓﻮﻋﺎ ﺑِﺴﻨَ ٍَﺪ َﺿ ِﻌ ٍ‬
‫َ َ َ ُ ْ ﱡ َْ ً َ‬ ‫ﺎض ا ْﻟ َﺠ ﱠﻨ ِﱠﺔ‪َ ,‬أ ْو ُﺣ ْﻔ َﺮ ًة ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﺣ َﻔﺮِ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬ ‫َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤﻨْ ِْﺰ َﻟ ْﻴ ِﻦ ﻓِﻲ ﻛِ َﻼ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎ َﻟ َﺘ ْﻴ ِﻦ; َﻓﺈِ ﱠﻣﺎ َأ ْنْ َﻳ ُﻜﻮنََ َﻗ ْﺒ ُﺮ ُه – َو ُﻫ َﻮ َﻣ ْﻨ ِْﺰ ُﻟ ُﻪ اﻷَ ِﺧ ُﻴﺮ ﺑِﺎﻟﺪﱡﱡ ْﻧ َﻴﺎ‪َ » −‬ر ْو َﺿ ًﺔ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِر َﻳ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺧ َﺘ َْﺮ َﻳﺎ َﻋ ْﺒﺪََ اﷲ ِ َﻣ ْﻨ ِْﺰ َﻟ َ‬
‫ﻚ ﺑِ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎﻟﺪﱠ َار ْﻳ ِﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﱠ َﺔ َأ ِو اﻟﻨﱠ َﱠﺎر; َﻓ ْ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻮنَ َﻣ ْﺜ َﻮا ُه َو َﻣ ْﻘ َﻌ ُﺪُ ُه – َو ُﻫ َﻮ َﻣﻨْ ِْﺰ ُﻟ ُﻪ اﻷَﺧ ُﻴﺮ ﺑِ ْﺎﻵﺧ َﺮة – َ‬ ‫ﻴﺤ ِﺔ ‪َ ,−‬وإِ ﱠﻣﺎ َأنْْ َﻳ ُﻜ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼﺤ َ‬ ‫ﺎر ﱠ‬ ‫ﻟِ ْﻶ َﺛ ِ‬

‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم ﻓِﻲ‪ِ » :‬ﺳ َﻴﺮِ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼ ِء « )‪.(٢٧٧/١٣‬‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ :‬و َﺗ َْﺮ َﺟ َﻤ ُﺔ ْ ِ‬ ‫* ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬
 ‫‪١٦‬‬
‫ْ ُ َ َّ ُ‬
‫)‪ » (٧‬اﻟﻤﻮﻃﺄ «‬
‫َْ َ‬ ‫ْ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ َْ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫ﻚ اﻷﺻﺒ ِ ِّ اﻟﻤﺪ ِّ ~ )‪ ١٧٩ - ٩٣‬ﻫ( ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟ ِ ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺲ‬‫ِ‬ ‫أﻧ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫؛‬‫ِ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻆ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻟ ِﻠ‬

‫ﺎم ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬
‫ﻚ; ﹺﰲ ) ْاﻟ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻃﺈِ (‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ْﻴﺜِﻲ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ ْ ِ‬ ‫‪َ ‬وﺑِ َﻬﺎ إِ َﻟﻰ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣ ِ‬ ‫ﺎم َﻳ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ َﺑ ِﻦ َﻳ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ ﱠ ﱢ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣ ِ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫)‪(٢٨‬‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼ ِة[‬
‫ﺎب ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬
‫]ﻛ َﺘ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼ ِة‬
‫ﻮت ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎب♣ [‪ُ :‬و ُﻗ ُ ِ ♣‬ ‫] َﺑ ٌُ‬ ‫)‪(٢٩‬‬

‫اﻟﺼ َﻼ َة َﻳ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ; َﻓ َﺪ َﺧ َﻞ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻪ ُﻋ ْﺮ َو ُة ْﺑ ُﻦ ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﺰ َﺑ ْﻴﺮِ;‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎب‪َ ) :‬أ ﱠن ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ْﺑ َﻦ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﺰ ِﻳﺰ َأ ﱠﺧ َﺮ ﱠ‬ ‫ــ َﻋ ْﻦ ْاﺑ ِﻦ ِﺷ َﻬ ٍ‬
‫ﻮﻓ ِﺔ(; َﻓ َﺪ َﺧ َﻞ ﻋ َﻠﻴ ِﻪ َأﺑﻮ ﻣﺴﻌ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي;‬‫ﺎر ﱡ‬ ‫ﻮد ْاﻷَ ْﻧ َﺼ ِ‬ ‫َ ْ ُ َ ْ ُ‬ ‫َﻓ َﺄ ْﺧ َﺒ َﺮ ُه َأ ﱠن ْاﻟ ُﻤﻐ َﻴﺮ َة ْﺑ َﻦ ُﺷ ْﻌ َﺒ َﺔ َأ ﱠﺧ َﺮ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼ َة َﻳ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻮ ﺑِـ) ْاﻟ ُﻜ َ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻞ َﻧ َﺰ َل; َﻓ َﺼ ﱠﻠﻰ; َﻓ َﺼ ﱠﻠﻰ َر ُﺳ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ َأ ﱠن ِﺟ ْﺒﺮِ َ‬‫ﻫﺬا َﻳﺎ ُﻣ ِﻐ َﻴﺮ ُة ?! َأ َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ َﻗ ْﺪ َﻋ ِﻠ ْﻤ َ‬
‫َﻓ َﻘ َﺎل‪َ ? :‬ﻣﺎ َ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪. ‬‬ ‫ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺻ ﱠﻠﻰ; َﻓ َﺼ ﱠﻠﻰ َر ُﺳ ُ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪. ‬‬ ‫ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺻ ﱠﻠﻰ; َﻓ َﺼ ﱠﻠﻰ َر ُﺳ ُ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪. ‬‬ ‫ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺻ ﱠﻠﻰ; َﻓ َﺼ ﱠﻠﻰ َر ُﺳ ُ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪. ‬‬ ‫ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺻ ﱠﻠﻰ; َﻓ َﺼ ﱠﻠﻰ َ ِر ُﺳ ُ‬
‫َﻓ َﻘ َﺎل‪ » :‬ﺑِ َﻬ َﺬا ُأ ِﻣ ْﺮ ُت ♣ «‪? ? .‬‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ‬
‫ﻳﻞ ُﻫ َﻮ ﱠاﻟ ِﺬي َأ َﻗﺎم ﻟِﺮﺳ ِ‬ ‫َ َِء‬
‫َ َ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺒ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺟ‬ ‫♣‬ ‫ن‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ث ﺑِ ِﻪ َﻳﺎ ُﻋ ْﺮ َو ُة‪ ,‬أ َو إ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﻓ َﻘ َﺎل ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﺰ ِﻳﺰ‪ْ :‬‬
‫اﻋ َﻠ ْﻢ َﻣﺎ ُﺗ َﺤ ﱢﺪ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼ ِة ?‬ ‫ﺖ ﱠ‬ ‫‪َ ‬و ْﻗ َ‬
‫ث َﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِ ِﻴﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻱ‪ُ ,‬ﻳ َﺤ ﱢﺪ ُ‬ ‫ﻮد ﹾاﻷﹶ ﹾﻧ ﹶﺼ ﹺ‬
‫ﺎر ﱡ‬
‫ﺎن ﺑ ِﺸﻴﺮ ﺑﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ﻣﺴﻌ ٍ‬
‫َ ْ ُ‬ ‫ﻚ َﻛ َ َ ُ ْ ُ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ُﻋ ْﺮ َو ُة‪َ :‬ﻛﺬﻟِ َ‬

‫اﻟﺼ َﻼ ِة( ُﻣ َﻘ ﱠﺪﱠ ٌم َﻋ َﻠﻰ ) َﻣـﺎ‬

‫َﺎحِ ﱠ‬‫ﺎب[ ا ْﻓﺘِ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼة اﻟ ﱠﺜﺎﻧﻲ()‪/١٣‬أ(‪َ ,‬وﻓ َﻴﻬﺎ )] َﺑ ُ‬
‫ِ ِ‬
‫َﺎب ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﺎب اﻟ ﱠﻄ َﻬ َﺎرة(; ُﺛ ﱠﻢ )ﻛ َﺘ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ ﻣ ْﻦ ُﻧ ُْﺴﺨََ ﺔ ) ُﻛُﻮ ْﺑﺮِﻳﻠﻲ( )ن ‪ ٥٦٥‬ﻫـ( )‪/٢‬أ(; ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ُذﻛ َﺮ َﺑ ْﻌﺪََ ُه )ﻛ َﺘ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫)‪ (٢٨‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ا ْﻟﻤﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓﻴ ِﻦ ﻣ ْﺜﺒ ٌ ِ‬
‫َ َْ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َ‬
‫ـﻢ َﺗَـﺮِ ْد ﻓِـﻲ‬
‫ـﺎل‪َ :‬ﻟ ْ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻣﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓ ْﻴ ِﻦ د‪َ .‬ﺑ ﱠﺸ ٌﺎر ‪َ −‬ﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻜُـﻮ َﻓ ْﻴ ِﻦ–‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َ‬ ‫ﻚ َأ ْﺛ َﺒ َ‬‫َﺎب‪َ ,‬و َﻛ ََﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫ﻴﻌ َﻬﺎ‪َ ,‬ﻣﺎ َﻋ َﺪَ ا ﻓِﻲ َأ ﱠو ِل ﻛِ َﺘ ٍ‬ ‫ﺎب( ﻓِﻲ ﺟ ِﻤ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻴﺴ ُﺔ َﻗ ْﻮ َﻟ َﺔ‪َ ) :‬ﺑ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اء ﻟِﻠﺼ َﻼ ِة(‪ ,‬و َﻗ ْﺪْ ﺣ َﺬ َﻓ ْ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺖ َﻫﺬه اﻟ ﱡﻨ ْﱡﺴ َﺨَ ُﺔ اﻟ ﱠﻨﱠﻔ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺟﺎء ﻓِﻲ اﻟ ﱢﻨ َﱢﺪَ ِ‬
‫َ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼة( ‪َ −‬ﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ َﻣ ْﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓ ْﻴ ِﻦ – َو َﻗﺎ ُﻟﻮا َأ ﱠﻧ َﱠﻬﺎ‪ِ :‬ز َﻳﺎ َد ٌة ﻟﻼ ْﻧﺴ َﺠﺎ ِم َﻣ َـﻊ َﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي ﻓﻲ ا ﱠﻟﺘﻲ ا ْﻋ َﺘ ََﻤ َﺪَ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻬﺎ ﺣﻴ َﻨَﺌﺬ‪َ ,‬وﻫﻲ ُﻣ َﺘ ََﺄ ﱢﺧ َﺮ ٌة ِﺟﺪا‪َ .‬أ ﱠﻣﺎ َﺟ َﻤﺎ َﻋ ُﺔ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺠ ِﻠ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﺎب ُو ُﻗﻮت ﱠ‬ ‫ﺲ; َﻓ َﻘﺪْْ َأ ْﺛ َﺒ ُﺘُﻮا َﺑﺪََ ًﻻ ﻣﻨْ ُﻪ‪) :‬ﻛ َﺘ َ‬ ‫ا ْﻟ َﻤﺨْْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃﺎت‪َ ,‬أ ْ‬
‫ﻮط ا ْﻋ َﺘ ََﻤ ُﺪُ وا َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻪ ﻓِـﻲ َﻫ َـﺬا‪َ .‬و َأ ﱠﻣـﺎ د‪.‬‬
‫َﺎب‪ ,‬و َﻻ َأد ِري ﻋ َﻠﻰ َأي ﻣ ْﺨْ ُﻄ ٍ‬
‫ﱢ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼة( ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﺻ ِﻞ ا ْﻟﻜ َﺘ ِ َ ْ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﺎب ُو ُﻗﻮت ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟ َﻐَﺪ; َﻓ َﻘ ْﺪْ َﺟ َﻌ ُﻠﻮا )ﻛ َﺘ َ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎت‪ :‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨﺰ‪ ,‬و َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ا ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻗﻲ‪ ,‬و ﱢ‬ ‫ُﺐ‪َ ,‬و َأ ﱠﻣﺎ َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌ ُ‬‫َﺑ ْﻌ َﺪَ َﻫﺎ ِﻣ َﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ ِ‬
‫س ا ْﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬
‫َﺎب‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ﱠﻳﺎن إِ ﱠﻻ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﺟ َﻌ َﻠ ُﻪ ﻓِﻲ ﻓِ ْﻬﺮِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ ْاﻷَ ْﻣ ُﺮ ﻓﻲ َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌﺔ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻳﺴ ِﺔ اﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬
‫َﺎب‪َ ,‬و َﻛ ََﺬﻟِ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ْاﻷَ ْﻋ َﻈﻤ ﱡﻲ ; َﻓ َﻘ ْﺪْ َﺣ َﺬ َﻓ ُﻪ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻷَ ْﺻ ِﻞ‪َ ,‬و َﺟ َﻌ َﻠ ُﻪ ﻓﻲ َﺗ َْﺮ ِو َ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َـﻼ ِة(‪َ ,‬و َﺣ َـﺬ َ‬
‫ف د‪.‬‬ ‫ﻮت ﱠ‬‫اﻟﺮ ﱠﻳﺎن‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟ َﻐ َِﺪ‪ُ ) :‬و ُﻗ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼة(‪َ ,‬وﻓﻲ َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌﺎت‪ :‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺠﻠﺲ‪َ ,‬ود‪ْ .‬اﻷَ ْﻋ َﻈﻤ ﱢﻲ‪ ,‬ﱠ‬ ‫ﻮت ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎب‪ُ :‬و ُﻗ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ‪َ ) :‬ﺑ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫)‪ (٢٩‬ﻓﻲ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ ) ُﻛُﻮ ْﺑﺮِﻳﻠﻲ(‪ ,‬وﻓﻲ َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌﺎت‪ :‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨﺰ‪ ,‬و َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ا ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻗﻲ‪ ,‬و ﱢ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺎﺷﺮِ‪ ,‬و َﻟﻢ ﻳﺮِد ﻓِﻲ ا ْﻟﻤ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ِ‬ ‫ف ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺎت‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ْ َ ْ‬ ‫ﺎب ُﻛ ﱠﻠ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺗ َﺼ ﱡﺮ ٌ َ‬ ‫َﺑ ﱠﺸ ٌﺎر اﻟ َﺒ َ‬
 ‫‪١٧‬‬

‫ِ‬
‫ــ َﻗ َﺎل ُﻋ ْﺮ َو ُة‪َ :‬و َﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ ْﺘﻨ ِﻲ َﻋﺎﺋِ َﺸ ُﺔ ‪َ −‬ز ْو ُج اﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱢﻲ ‪َ :−‬أ ﱠن َر ُﺳ َ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(٣٠‬‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﻤ ُﺲ ﻓِﻲ ُﺣ ْﺠ َﺮﺗِ َﻬﺎ‪َ ,‬ﻗ ْﺒ َﻞ َأ ْن َﺗ ْﻈ َﻬ َﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺎن ُﻳ َﺼ ﱢﻠﻲ ْاﻟ َﻌ ْﺼ َﺮ َو ﱠ‬
‫َﻛ َ‬
‫‪    ‬‬
‫)‪(٣١‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫)‪(٣٢‬‬
‫َأ ْﺳ َﻤ ُﺎء اﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱢﻲ ‪‬‬
‫ﺎب‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ِﺪ ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﺟ َﺒ ْﻴﺮِ ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﻣ ْﻄ ِﻌ ٍﻢ; َأ ﱠن اﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱠﻲ ‪َ ; ‬ﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫ــ َﻋ ِﻦ ْاﺑ ِﻦ ِﺷ َﻬ ٍ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ٍ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫» ﻟــﻲ َﺧ ْﻤ َﺴ ـ ُﺔ أ ْﺳـ َـﻤﺎء‪ :‬أ َﻧــﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤـ ٌـﺪٌ ‪َ ,‬وأ َﻧــﺎ أ ْﺣ َﻤـ ُـﺪُ ‪َ ,‬وأ َﻧــﺎ ا ْﻟ َﻤــﺎﺣﻲ‪ :‬ا ﱠﻟــﺬي َﻳ ْﻤ ُﺤــﻮ اﷲُ ﺑِـ َ‬
‫ـﻲ ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ْﻔـ َـﺮ‪,‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ « )‪.(٣٣‬‬ ‫ﱠﺎس َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻗﺪََ ﻣﻲ‪َ ,‬و َأ َﻧَﺎ ا ْﻟ َﻌﺎﻗ ُ‬ ‫َو َأ َﻧَﺎ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﺷ ُﺮ‪ :‬ا ﱠﻟﺬي ُﻳ ْﺤ َﺸ ُﺮ اﻟﻨﱠ ُ‬

‫ﻚ‪ ,‬ﺑِﺮِ َو َاﻳ ِﺔ اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﻴﺜِ ﱢﻲ « ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺠ ِﻠﺲ‪ (٩٨/١) :‬ح )‪ْ ,(٢)(١‬اﻷَ ْﻋ َﻈ ِﻤ ﱡﻲ‪ (٥/٢) :‬ح )‪ ,(٢)(١‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِﺰ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٢‬ح )‪َ ,(٢)(١‬وﻓِ َﻴﻬﺎ‪ُ ) :‬ﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َﺎل‪ » :‬ﺑِ َﻬ َﺬا ُأ ِﻣ ْـﺮ ُت «(‪َ ,‬ﺑ ﱠﺸـﺎر‪ (٣٣/١) :‬ح‬ ‫)‪ » (٣٠‬ﻣﻮ ﱠﻃ ُﺄ ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬
‫َُ َ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻠ ّﻔ َﻘـﺔ‬
‫ـﻲ ُ‬‫اﻟﺮ ﱠﻳـﺎن‪ (٢٥/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(٢)(١‬ا ْﻟ َﻐَـﺪ‪ :‬ص )‪ (١٣‬ح )‪ ,(٢)(١‬ا ْﻟﻬ َﻼﻟ ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٣٣‬ح )‪َ (٢)(١‬وﻓ َﻴﻬﺎ‪ُ ) :‬ﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َﺎل‪ » :‬ﺑِ َﻬ َﺬا ُأﻣ ْﺮ ُت «(‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﺒﺪ ا ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻗﻲ‪ (٣/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(٢)(١‬ﱠ‬ ‫)‪ ,(٢)(١‬ﱢ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃﺎت‪ُ :‬ﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ ) ُﻛُﻮ ْﺑﺮِﻳﻠﻲ( )‪/٢‬أ(‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻠ ّﻔ َﻘﺔ ﻟ ﱢﻠﺮ َو َاﻳﺎت‪ :‬ص )‪ ,(١١‬ح )‪َ ,(٢)(١‬وﻓﻲ َ‬ ‫ﻟ ﱢﻠﺮ َو َاﻳﺎت‪ (١٨٥/١) :‬ح )‪ْ ,(٣)(٢‬اﻷَ ْﻓ َﻜَﺎر ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺸـ ْﻴ ُﺦ ا ْﻟﻬ َﻼ ﱡ‬
‫ﻟـﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ـﺎل ﱠ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ ﻣ ﱠﺘ َﻔ ٌـﻖ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴـ ِﻪ (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ـﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﺣـ ِﺪ ٌ‬
‫ﻳﺚ َﺻـﺤ ٌ‬ ‫ـﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻌ َﺮﺑِ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َ‬
‫ـﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣـ ُﺔ ا ْﺑ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ ْاﻷَو ِل‪َ :‬ﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ ا ْﻟﺒﺮ‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟﺤ ِﺪ ُ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ ُﻣ ﱠﺘﱠﺼ ٌﻞ ﻋﻨْْﺪََ َأ ْﻫ ِﻞ ا ْﻟﻌ ْﻠ ِﻢ‪ُ ,‬ﻣ ْﺴ َﻨ ٌَﺪٌ ‪َ ,‬ﺻـﺤ ٌ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ ُ َ ْ َﱢ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫‪ −‬ﻓِﻲ ا ْﻟﺤ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﻴﺢ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻃﺈِ « ص)‪.(٢٥‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ٍ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺢ(‪ » .‬اﻟ ﱠﺘﻤ ِﻬ ُﻴﺪُ « )‪ » ,(١١/٨‬ا ْﻟﻤﺴﺎﻟِ ُ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ َأ ْﺣ َﻤ ُﺪُ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ِﻠ ﱟﻲ ُﺳ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻤ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ; ﻓﻲ َﺷ ْﺮ ِحِ ُﻣ َﻮ ﱠﻃﺈِ َﻣﺎﻟﻚ « )‪َ » ,(٣٦١/١‬ﺻﺤ ُ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﺎنَ ‪َ ) :‬ﺻ ٌ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ(‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ﱠ‬ ‫) َﺻﺤ ٌ‬
‫ﻴﺢ(‪َ » .‬ﻓ ْﺘ ُْﺢ ا ْﻟ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻮل ا ْﺑ ِﻦ ِﺷ َﻬ ٍ‬
‫ﻮل ﺑِﺎ ﱠﻟ ِﺬي َﻗ ْﺒ َﻠ ُﻪ; َﻓ ُﻬ َﻮ َﻣ ُﻘ ُ‬ ‫ﺑﺸ ٌﺎر – َﻧ ْﻘ ًﻼ َﻋ ِﻦ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺣ َﺠﺮٍ َواﻟ ﱡﺰ ْﱡر َﻗﺎﻧِ ﱢﻲ‪َ ) :−‬ﻣ ْﻮ ُﺻ ٌ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ اﻟ ﱠﺜﺎﻧِﻲ‪َ :‬ﻗ َﺎل ﱠ‬ ‫‪ −‬ﻓِﻲ ا ْﻟﺤ ِﺪ ِ‬
‫ﺎري;‬ ‫ﻟﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫ي‪َ ,‬ﻻ ُﻣ َﻌ ﱠﻠ ٌﻖ (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ ا ْﻟﻬ َﻼ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺎب اﻟ ﱡﺰ ْﱡﻫﺮِ ﱢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ ﱠ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻴﺢ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻃﺈِ « ص)‪.(٢٦‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻴﺢِ ا ْﻟ ُﺒ َﺨَ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي « )‪َ » ,(٥ /٢‬ﺷ ْﺮ ُح اﻟ ﱡﺰ ْر َﻗﺎﻧ ﱢﻲ َﻋ َﻠﻰ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻃﺈِ «)‪َ » ,(٧٧ /١‬ﺻﺤ ُ‬ ‫ﺎر ﱢ‬ ‫َﺷ ْﺮ ُح َﺻﺤ ِ‬
‫َﺎب ﻓِﻲ » ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻃﺈِ « ﺑِﺮِ َو َاﻳ ِﺔ اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﻴﺜِ ﱢﻲ‪.‬‬‫آﺧ ُﺮ ﻛِ َﺘ ٍ‬
‫)‪ (٣١‬ﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا ﻓِﻲ ُﻧُﺴ َﺨَ ِﺔ ) ُﻛُﻮﺑﺮِ ِﻳﻠﻲ( )‪/١٨١‬ب(‪ ,‬وﻓِﻲ َﻏﻴﺮِﻫﺎ‪ ,‬وﻫﻮ ِ‬
‫ْ َ َ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟ ِﺔ‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟ َﻐ َِﺪ ; َﻓ َﻘﺪْْ َﺻ ﱠﺪﱠ َر ْت َﻗ ْﻮ َﻟ َﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎت‪ :‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨﺰ‪ ,‬و َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ا ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻗﻲ‪ ,‬و ﱢ‬‫ون )‪َ ,(‬و َأ ﱠﻣﺎ َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻳﺎن ﺑِﺪُُ ِ‬
‫ﺎر‪َ ,‬و ﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺲ‪َ ,‬و ْاﻷَ ْﻋ َﻈ ِﻤﻲ‪َ ,‬و َﺑ ﱠﺸ ٍ‬
‫ﱢ‬
‫)‪ (٣٢‬ﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا ﻓِﻲ ُﻧُﺴ َﺨَ ِﺔ ) ُﻛُﻮﺑﺮِ ِﻳﻠﻲ(; وﻓِﻲ َﻃﺒﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺎت‪ :‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺠ ِﻠ ِ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ُﻮر َة َﺑ ْﻌﺪََ )ﻛ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﺎب َأ ْﺳ َﻤﺎء اﻟ ﱠﻨﺒِ ﱢﻲ ‪َ ,( ‬و َﻗ َﺎل َﺷ ْﻴﺨُُ ﻨََﺎ َأ ُﺑﻮ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤﺪ اﻟ ُﺒﻨْْﺪََ ُار ﻓﻲ َﺗ َْﺤﻘﻴﻘﻪ )‪ :(٤٧٧/٢‬ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﺎب َأ ْﺳ َﻤﺎء اﻟ ﱠﻨﺒِ ﱢﻲ ‪ُ ;( ‬ﺛ ﱠﻢ ) َﺑ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫) ﻛِ َﺘ ِ‬
‫ـﺎﻣ ِﻊ( ‪−‬‬ ‫َـﺎب ا ْﻟ َﺠ َ‬ ‫ُﺐ ‪ −‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺬ ُﻛ َ‬
‫أنﱠ َﻫﺬه ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ َ‬
‫ْﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﱠﺎﺷﺮِ‪ُ ,‬ﻣ َﺘَﺎ َﺑ َﻌ ًﺔ ﻟِ ْﻠ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﺘ َْﺸﺮِ ِق ﻓِ ْﻨ ِْﺴﻨْ َ‬ ‫وحِ ; ﺑ ْﻞ ِﻣ ِﻦ اﺑﺘِ َﺪَ ا ِع اﻟ ﱠﻨ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ُﺮ ِ َ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻓِﻲ َﺷ ْﻲ ٍء ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ﱡﻨ َﱡﺴ ِﺦِ َو ﱡ‬ ‫َﻟ ْﻴ َﺴ ْ‬
‫ﺎﻣ ِﺸ ِﻪ‪ » :‬ا ﱠﻟ ِـﺬي َﻳ ْﻤ ُﺤـﻮ‬ ‫ﻴﺲ‪ ,‬وﻓِﻲ ﻫ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻮﻫﺎ أ ﱠﻧ َﱠﻬﺎ َﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا ﻓﻲ َأ ْﺻﻠ ِﻬ ُﻢ اﻟ ﱠﻨﱠﻔ ِ َ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫)‪ُ » (٣٣‬ﻣ َﻮ ﱠﻃ ُﺄ َﻣﺎﻟﻚ‪ ,‬ﺑِﺮِ َو َاﻳﺔ اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﻴﺜ ﱢﻲ « ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺠﻠﺲ‪ (٣٦١/٢) :‬ح )‪َ ,(٢٨١٥‬وﻓ َﻴﻬﺎ‪ » :‬ا ﱠﻟﺬي َﻳ ْﻤ ُﺤﻮ اﷲُ ﺑِ َﻲ ا ْﻟ َﻜ َﻔ َﺮ َة «‪َ ,‬و َذ َﻛ ََﺮ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱢﻘ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ٍ‬

‫ـﺎل‬‫ﻳﺚ‪َ ) −‬ﻗ َ‬ ‫اﷲ ﺑِﻲ ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ْﻔـﺮ «‪ْ ,‬اﻷَﻋ َﻈ ِﻤـﻲ‪ (١٤٦١/٥) :‬ح )‪ ,(٨٤٤‬ا ْﻟﻤ ْﻜْﻨ ِـﺰ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٣٩٠‬ح )‪ ,(١٨٦١‬ﺑ ﱠﺸـﺎر‪ (٦٠٣/٢) :‬ح )‪ ,(٢٨٦١‬اﻟﺮﺳـﺎ َﻟﺔ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٣٣‬ح )‪ (١‬وﻓِﻴﻬـﺎ‪ − :‬ﺑﻌـﺪََ ِذ ْﻛْـﺮِ ا ْﻟﺤ ِـﺪ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ﱢ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﻠ ّﻔ َﻘــﺔ ﻟ ﱢﻠﺮ َو َاﻳــﺎت‪:‬‬ ‫ـﻲ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ﱠﻳــﺎن‪ (٢٨٩/٢) :‬ح )‪ ,(٢٢٧‬ا ْﻟ َﻐــﺪ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٦٣٩‬ح )‪ ,(١‬اﻟﻬ َﻼﻟـ ّ‬ ‫ـﺐ( َأ ﱠﻧ ـ ُﻪ آﺧـ ُـﺮ ْاﻷَ ْﻧﺒِ َﻴــﺎء‪َ , (‬ﻋ ْﺒــﺪ ا ْﻟ َﺒــﺎﻗﻲ‪ (١٠٠٤/٢) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ﱠ‬ ‫َﻳ ْﺤ َﻴــﻰ‪ُ :‬ﻳﺮِﻳـ ُـﺪُ ﺑِـــ)ا ْﻟ َﻌﺎﻗـ ِ‬

‫ﺎت‪ُ :‬ﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ ) ُﻛُﻮ ْﺑﺮِ ِﻳﻠﻲ()‪/٢٠٣‬أ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎت‪ :‬ص )‪ ,(٦٠٠‬ح )‪ ,(٤٢٢٣‬وﻓِﻲ اﻟﻤﺨْْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ِ‬ ‫)‪ (٥٥٩/٤‬ح )‪ْ ,(٢٠٤٨‬اﻷَ ْﻓ َﻜَﺎر اﻟﻤ َﻠ ّﻔ َﻘﺔ ﻟِﻠﺮواﻳ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱢ َ َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ـﺎر و ُﻛ َُـﻼ ٌل‪ُ ) :‬ﻣ ْﺮ َﺳ ٌـﻞ(‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟـﺮ َواة ﻟ ْﻠ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻃـﺄ (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ َﻳ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ ُﻣ ْﺮ َﺳ ًﻼ‪َ ,‬ﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ُﻘ ْﻞ‪َ :‬ﻋ ْﻦ أﺑﻴﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﺗَﺎ َﺑ َﻌـ ُﻪ َﻋ َﻠـﻰ َذﻟ َ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ ا ْﻟ َﺒ ﱢﺮ‪َ ) :‬ﻫ َﻜ ََﺬا َر َوى َﻫ َﺬا ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺸـ ْﻴ ُﺦ‬‫ـﺎل ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﺸـ ْﻴ َﺨَ ﺎن َﺑ ﱠﺸ ٌ‬
‫ـﺎل ﱠ‬ ‫ـﻚ أ ْﻛ َﺜ ُـﺮ ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻒ ِ ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ َأ ْﺣ َﻤ ُﺪُ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ِﻠ ﱟﻲ‪ ) :‬إِ ْﺳ َﻨَﺎ ُد ُه َﺿ ِﻌ ٌ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﺢ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻃﺈِ « ص)‪.(٧٥١‬‬ ‫ﻴﺢ (‪ ».‬اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻤ ِﻬ ُﻴﺪُ « )‪ » ,(١٥١/٩‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨَ ُﺪُ ا ْﻟ َﺠﺎﻣ ُﻊ « )‪َ » ,(٤٧٦/٤‬ﺻﺤ ُ‬ ‫ﻹ ْر َﺳﺎﻟﻪ‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻮ َﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ(‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ﱠ‬ ‫ﻟﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ا ْﻟﻬ َﻼ ﱡ‬
‫ـﺎل‬ ‫ـﻮنَ َأ َﻣ َﺎﻣـ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬و َو َرا َء ُه َﻳ ْـﻮ َم ا ْﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِـﺔ (‪ ,‬و َﻗ َ‬
‫ﻮنَ َﺣ ْﻮ َﻟـ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﻳ ُﻜُﻮ ُﻧ َ‬‫ـﻢ َﻳ ْﺠ َﺘ َِﻤ ُﻌـﻮنََ إِ َﻟ ْﻴ ِـﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﻳ ْﻨ َْﻀ ﱡـﻤ َ‬
‫ي إِ ﱠﻧ ُﱠﻬ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي‪ُ :‬ﻗـﺪﱠﱠ اﻣﻲ َو َأ َﻣـﺎﻣﻲ; َأ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﱠﺎس َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻗـﺪََ ﻣﻲ « َأ ْ‬
‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ا ْﻟ َﺒ ﱢﺮ‪َ ) :‬و َﻣ ْﻌﻨََﻰ َﻗ ْﻮﻟﻪ ‪ُ » :‬ﻳ ْﺤ َﺸ ُﺮ اﻟﻨﱠ ُ‬
‫ﱠﺎس َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻋ ِﻘﺒِﻲ«‪َ ,‬و ُﻳ ْﺤ َﺘ ََﻤ ُﻞ َأنْْ َﻳ ُﻜـﻮنََ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َـﺮا ُد‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺮ َو َاﻳﺔ ْاﻷُ ْﺧ َﺮى‪ُ » :‬ﻳ ْﺤ َﺸ ُﺮ اﻟﻨﱠ ُ‬
‫ِ ِ ِِ ِ‬
‫ﱠﺎس‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻮ ُﻣ َﻮاﻓ ٌﻖ ﻟ َﻘ ْﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﱢ‬ ‫ي‪ :‬إِ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ ُﻳ ْﺤ َﺸ ُﺮ َﻗ ْﺒ َﻞ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬ ‫ي‪َ :‬ﻋ َﻠﻰ َأ َﺛﺮِي‪َ ,‬أ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﱠﺎس َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻗﺪََ ﻣﻲ « َأ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺣ َﺠﺮٍ‪ُ » ) :‬ﻳ ْﺤ َﺸ ُﺮ اﻟﻨﱠ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺨَ ﱠﻄﺎﺑِﻲ ا ْﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ِ‬ ‫ﻮر ﻋ َﻼﻣ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻘﺪََ ِم‪ :‬اﻟ ﱠﺰﱠﻣﺎنََ ‪َ ,‬أي‪ :‬و ْﻗ َ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻆ‪.‬‬ ‫ﱢ َ‬ ‫ﺎت ا ْﻟ َﺤ ْﺸﺮِ‪ ,‬إِ َﺷ َﺎر ًة إِ َﻟﻰ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ َﺑ ْﻌﺪََ ُه َﻧﺒِ ﱞﻲ َو َﻻ َﺷﺮِﻳ َﻌ ٌﺔ (‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻮ َﻗ ْﻮ ُل َ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻗ َﻴﺎﻣﻲ َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻗ َﺪَ ﻣﻲ‪ ,‬ﺑِ ُﻈ ُﻬ ِ َ َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺎنُ ﺑـﻦ ﻋﻴﻴﻨََـ َﺔ‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟﻌﺎﻗِـﺐ‪ِ :‬‬ ‫ـﻲ « ﻓِـﻲ ِر َو َاﻳ ٍـﺔ; َو َﻗ َ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫آﺧ ُـﺮ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫ـﺎل ُﺳـ ْﻔ َﻴ ُ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ‬ ‫ﺐ ا ﱠﻟﺬي َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ َﺑ ْﻌﺪََ ُه َأ َﺣﺪٌٌ (‪َ ,‬و ُﻳ َﺆَ ﱢﻳ ُﺪُ ُه َﻗ ْﻮ ُﻟ ُﻪ ‪َ » :‬و َأ َﻧَﺎ ا ْﻟ َﻌﺎﻗ ُ‬
‫ﺐ‪ :‬ا ﱠﻟﺬي َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ َﺑ ْﻌـﺪي َﻧﺒ ﱞ‬ ‫* َو َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ا ْﻟ َﺒ ﱢﺮ‪َ ) :‬وا ْﻟ َﻌﺎﻗ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻚ ُﻛ ﱡُﻞ َﺷ ْﻲ ٍء َﺧ َﻠ َ‬ ‫ﺎء‪َ ,‬و َﻛ ََﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫ْاﻷَ ْﻧﺒِﻴ ِ‬
‫ﻒ َﺑ ْﻌﺪََ َﺷ ْﻲء; َﻓ ُﻬ َﻮ َﻋﺎﻗ ٌ‬
‫ﺐ (‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﺲ ﻓـﻲ اﻟ ﱡﻠ َﻐَـﺔ « )‪ » ,(٨٠/٤‬اﻻ ْﺳـﺘ ْﺬ َﻛ ُﺎر « )‪» ,(٦٢١/٨‬‬ ‫ﻳـﺐ ا ْﻟ َﺤـﺪﻳﺚ « ﻷَﺑـﻲ ُﺳـ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻤﺎنََ )‪ » ,(٤٢٥/١‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ َﻘـﺎﻳ ُ‬ ‫ـﺎرون‪َ » ,(٣٠٢/١) :‬ﻏﺮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺨَ ﺎن )‪َ (٢٤٣/١‬ﻫ ُ‬ ‫ﻳﺐ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺪﻳﺚ « ﻷَﺑﻲ ُﻋ َﺒ ْﻴﺪ ‪َ :‬‬ ‫» َﻏﺮِ ُ‬
‫ـﺎري; َﺷـﺮح ﺻ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي«‬ ‫ﻴﺢِ ا ْﻟ ُﺒ َﺨَ ِ‬
‫ـﺎر ﱢ‬ ‫ـﺤ ِ‬ ‫ْ ُ َ‬ ‫ـﺎﺟﻲ )‪َ » ,(٣٢٨/٧‬ﻓـ ْﺘ ُْﺢ ا ْﻟ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤـﺎﻓﻆ ا ْﻟ َﺒ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ ُﻣ ْﺴﻠ ٍﻢ « َد ُار َﻃ ْﻮ ِق اﻟﻨﱠ َﱠﺠﺎة‪ » ,(١٨٢٨ /٤) :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤﻨْ َﺘ َﻘﻰ; َﺷـ ْﺮ ُح اﻟ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻃـﺎ « َ‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻤ ِﻬ ُﻴﺪُ « )‪َ » ,(١٥٤/٩) (١٥١ /٩‬ﺻﺤ ُ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم ﻓِﻲ‪ِ » :‬ﺳ َﻴﺮِ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼ ِء « )‪.(٤٨/٨‬‬‫)‪َ » ,(٥٥٧/٦‬ﺷ ْﺮ ُح اﻟ ﱡﺰ ْر َﻗﺎﻧِﻲ َﻋ َﻠﻰ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻃﺈِ « )‪َ ,(٦٨٩ /٤‬و َﺗ َْﺮ َﺟ َﻤ ُﺔ ْ ِ‬
‫ﱢ‬
 ‫‪١٨‬‬

‫ْ‬ ‫ُْ ْ َُ َ ْ َ ُ‬
‫)‪ » (٨‬اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ ]ﻗﻦ رﺳﻮ ِل اﷲِ ☺ [ «‬
‫َّ ْ َ ِّ ْ َ ْ َ ِّ ُ َّ ْ َ ْ َ ِّ‬ ‫َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ َّ ْ َ ْ َ‬ ‫َ َْ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫ﻟ ِﻠﺤﺎﻓ ِ ِﻆ أ ِ ﻗﺒ ِﺪ اﷲِ؛ أﻤﺣﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ ﺤﻣﻤ ِﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ ﺣﻨﺒ ٍﻞ اﻟﺸﻴﺒﺎ اﻟﻤﺮو ِزي ﻋﻢ اﻛﻐﺪ ِ‬
‫ادي ~ )‪ ٢٤١-١٦٤‬ﻫ( ‪ ‬‬

‫ي; ﻓِﻲ ) ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨَ ِﺪ( )‪:(٣٤‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫‪َ ‬وﺑِ َﻬﺎ إِ َﻟﻰ ْ ِ‬
‫ﺎم َأﺑِﻲ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﷲ‪َ ,‬أ ْﺣ َﻤ َﺪ ْاﻟ َﺒ ْﻐ َﺪاد ﱢ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣ ِ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﺑِ ْﺎﻟ َﺠ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﻏ ْﻴﺮِ ِﻫ ْﻢ[‬ ‫ِ‬
‫] ُﻣ ْﺴ َﻨ ُﺪ ْاﻟ َﻌ ْﺸ َﺮة ْاﻟ ُﻤ َﺒ ﱠﺸﺮِ َ‬
‫)‪(٣٥‬‬
‫ﻳﻖ ‪‬‬ ‫ُﻣ ْﺴﻨَ ُﺪ َأﺑِﻲ َﺑ ْﻜﺮٍ ﱢ‬
‫اﻟﺼ ﱢﺪ ِ‬
‫ﻴﻞ ‪َ −‬ﻳ ْﻌﻨ ِﻲ‪ْ :‬اﺑ َﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َﺧﺎﻟِ ٍﺪ ‪َ ,−‬ﻋ ْﻦ َﻗ ْﻴ ٍ‬
‫ﺲ; َﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫ــ ﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ ﻋﺒ ُﺪ اﷲ ِ ﺑﻦ ُﻧﻤﻴﺮٍ; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬أ ْﺧﺒﺮ َﻧﺎ إِﺳﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻋ ُ‬ ‫ََ ْ َ‬ ‫ُْ َْ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫) َﻗ َﺎم َأ ُﺑﻮ َﺑ ْﻜﺮٍ ‪َ ; ‬ﻓ َﺤ ِﻤ َﺪ اﷲَ َو َأ ْﺛﻨَﻰ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻪ; ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬
‫َ ٰٓ َ ُّ َ َّ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ۡ ُ ۡ َ ُ َ ُ‬
‫كمۖۡ‬ ‫ٱلين ءامنوا عليكم أنفس‬ ‫ون َﻫ ِﺬ ِه ْاﻵ َﻳ َﺔ‪:‬ﱡ يأيها ِ‬ ‫ﺎس ‪ ..‬إِ ﱠﻧ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﺗ ْﻘ َﺮ ُؤ َ‬ ‫? َﻳﺎ َأ ﱡﻳ َﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﱠ ُ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪َ ; ‬ﻳ ُﻘ ُ‬ ‫ٱه َت َد ۡي ُت ۡ ۚم ﱠ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‪َ , [١٠٥ :‬وإِ ﱠﻧﺎ َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌﻨَﺎ َر ُﺳ َ‬ ‫َ َ ُ ُّ ُ َّ َ َّ َ ۡ‬
‫ﻮل‪:‬‬ ‫يضكم من ضل إ ِذا‬
‫ﻚ َأ ْن َﻳ ُﻌ ﱠﻤ ُﻬ ُﻢ اﷲُ ]‪ [‬ﺑِ ِﻌ َﻘﺎﺑِ ِﻪ «? ( )‪.(٣٧‬‬ ‫وه )‪َ ,(٣٦‬أ ْو َﺷ َ‬‫ﻐﻴ ُﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﺎس إِ َذا َر َأ ُوا ْاﻟ ُﻤﻨْ َﻜ َﺮ; َﻓ َﻠ ْﻢ ُﻳ ﱢ‬‫» إِ ﱠن اﻟﻨﱠ َ‬

‫ـﻦ َر ُﺳ ْـﻮ ِل اﷲ ِ ☺ «‪َ ,‬و َﻫ ِـﺬ ِه ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃـ ُﺔ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎﺳ ِﻢ‪ » :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴـﻨََﺪ َﻋ ْ‬
‫ِِ‬
‫َﺎب َﻋ َﻠﻰ ُﻃ ﱠﺮﺗﻪ‪ ,‬ﺑِ ْ‬ ‫اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﻘﺪﺳ ﱢﻲ َﺟﺎ َء ْ‬
‫ِ ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫َﺎب اﻟ ﱠﻨ ِﱠﻔﻴﺴ ِﺔ ﺑـِ) َﻓﻴ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺾ اﷲ( اﻟ ﱡﺘ ْﱡﺮﻛ ﱠﻴﺔ ﺑِ َﺨَ ﱢﻂ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓﻆ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﻟ َﻐﻨ ﱢﻲ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫)‪َ (٣٤‬ﺗﻨْﺒِﻴ ٌﻪ‪ :‬ﻓِﻲ َﻣ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ِﺔ اﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ ِ‬ ‫وﺧ ُﻄ ُ ِ ٍ‬ ‫ﻋ َﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺳﻤﺎﻋ ٌ ِ‬
‫ﺎت‬ ‫ﻴﺤ ٌ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ ْﻘﺪﺳ ﱢﻲ‪َ ,‬و َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻬﺎ َﺗ َْﺼﺤ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴﺦِِ َأﺑِﻲ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤﻦ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ ﱠ‬ ‫َﺎﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻮط َأﺋ ﱠﻤﺔ َو ُﺣ ﱠﻔﺎظ ﻣ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﺤﻨَﺎﺑِ َﻠﺔ; َﻛ َ‬ ‫َﺎت‪ُ ,‬‬ ‫وﺳﻨَ َﺔ )‪٦٥٦‬ﻫـ(‪َ ,−‬و َﺑﻼ َﻏ ٌ‬ ‫ﺎع َﺳﻨَ َﺔ )‪ ٥٦٢‬ﻫـ(‪َ ,‬‬ ‫ﺎت ‪ −‬ﻣﻨْ َْﻬﺎ َﺳ ْﻤ ٌ‬ ‫َ َْ َ َ َ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﺠ ﱠﻠﺪََ اﻷﹶ ﱠﻭ ﹶﻝ ِﻣ َﻦ ‪ » :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨَ َِﺪ «‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﻛَﺜِ َﻴﺮ ٌةٌ‪َ ,‬وإِ ْﺛ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ﺎت ُﻓ ُﺮ ٍ‬
‫وق َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ اﻟ ﱡﻨ َﱡﺴ ِﺦِ ‪َ ,‬وﻫ َﻲ ُﺗ َُﻤ ﱢﺜ ُﻞ ُ‬
‫انُ ) ُﻣ ْﺴﻨَ َِﺪ ا ْﻟ َﻌ ْﺸ َﺮ ِة ‪َ ;( ..‬ﻟ َﺬا َو َﺿ ْﻌ ُﺘ ُﻪ َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓ ْﻴ ِﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻖ ‪َ , ‬ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱢﻲ ☺ (‪َ ,‬و َﻻ َﻳ ْﺴﺒِ ُﻘ َﻬﺎ ُﻋ ْﻨ َْﻮ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﱢﱢ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ َأﺑِﻲ َﺑ ْﻜﺮٍ ﱢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ ْﻘ ِﺪ ِﺳ ﱢﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﺣ ِﺪ ُ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫)‪ (٣٥‬ﻓﻲ ُﻧ ْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓﻆ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﻟ َﻐﻨ ﱢﻲ َ‬
‫ِ‬

‫ﺖ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ُه‪.‬‬‫ﺎﻣ ِﺸ َﻬﺎ ‪َ »:‬ﻓ َﻠ ْﻢ ُﻳﻐ ﱢﻴ ُﺮو ُه «‪َ ,‬وﻓِﻲ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ﺘِ ِﻪ‪َ :‬ﻟ ْﻔ ُﻆ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻌ ِﺰ ِﻳﺰ َوا ْﻟ َﺠ َﻼ ِل ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺜ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ﻆ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟ َﻐﻨ ِﻲ اﻟﻤ ْﻘ ِﺪ ِﺳﻲ‪َ » :‬ﻓ َﻠﻢ ﻳ ْﻨْﻜِﺮوه «‪ ,‬وﻓِﻲ ﻫ ِ‬
‫ْ ُ ُ ُ َ َ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﱢ َ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫)‪ (٣٦‬ﻓﻲ ُﻧ ْﺴﺨََ ﺔ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ َ ْ‬
‫ي‪ (٧١/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻴ َﻤﻨ ِ ﱠﻴـ ُﺔ‪َ ,(٢/١) :‬ﻋ َﻄـﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻮر ّ‬‫)‪ُ » (٣٧‬ﻣ ْﺴﻨََﺪُُ َأ ْﺣ َﻤﺪََ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺣﻨْ َﺒ ٍﻞ « ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨِﺰ‪ (٢/١) :‬ح )‪ُ ,(١‬ﺷـ َﻌ ْﻴﺐ ‪ُ −‬ﻣ ْﺮ ِﺷـﺪ‪ (١٧٧/١) :‬ح )‪ِ ,(١‬ﺷـﺎﻛِﺮ واﻟـ ﱠﺰ ْﱠﻳﻦ‪ (١٦٥/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬اﻟﻨﱡﱡـ ِ‬

‫ﻴﺢ(‪َ ,‬و َﻗـ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺤ ﱢﻘ ُﻘـﻮ َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌ ِـﺔ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ث )ﻣ ْﺼ َﺮ( َأ ْﺣ َﻤﺪُُ َﺷﺎﻛ ٌﺮ‪) :‬إِ ْﺳﻨَﺎ ُد ُه َﺻﺤ ٌ‬
‫ﻆ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟ َﻐﻨ ِﻲ اﻟﻤ ْﻘ ِﺪ ِﺳﻲ )‪/٢‬أ(‪ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ﻣﺤﺪﱢﱢ ُ ِ‬
‫ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﱢ َ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻤ ْﺨْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃﺎت‪ُ :‬ﻧ ْﺴ َﺨَ ﺔ ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ َ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫)‪ (٥١/١‬ح )‪ْ ,(١‬اﻷَ ْﻓ َﻜﺎر‪ :‬ص )‪ (٣٥‬ح )‪َ ,(١‬وﻓﻲ َ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺢ ﻋ َﻠﻰ َﺷﺮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ َﺨَ ْﻴ ِﻦ(‪.‬‬
‫ط ﱠ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ(‪) :‬إِ ْﺳ َﻨﺎ ُد ُه َﺻ ٌ َ‬
‫) ﱢ‬
‫ﱠﺎس إِ ﱠﻧ ُﻜ ُْﻢ َﺗ ْﻘ َﺮ ُءونََ َﻫ ِﺬ ِه ْاﻵ َﻳ َﺔَ‪َ ,‬و َﺗ ََﻀ ُﻌﻮ َﻧ ََﻬﺎ َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻏ ْﻴـﺮِ َﻣـﺎ َو َﺿـ َﻌ َﻬﺎ اﷲُ (‪ُ :‬ﻳﺮِ ُ‬
‫ﻳـﺪُ ﱠأ ﱠﻧ ُﻜُـ ْﻢ َﺗ ْﻔ َﻬ ُﻤـﻮنََ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي‪َ :‬ﺧﻄﻴ ًﺒﺎ‪َ ,‬وﻓﻲ ِر َو َاﻳﺔ َﺑ ْﻌﺪََ َﻫﺎ‪َ ) :‬أ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﺧ َﻄ َ‬
‫ﺐ َﻓ َﻘ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﻳﺎ َأ ﱡﻳ َﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﱠ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ي‪َ ) ):‬ﻗﺎ َم َأ ُﺑﻮ َﺑ ْﻜﺮٍ ( َأ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨْﺪ ﱡ‬ ‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ُم ﱢ‬‫* َﻗ َﺎل ْ ِ‬

‫ـﻞ ا ْﺋ َﺘ َِﻤ ُـﺮوا‬

‫ـﺎل‪َ » :‬ﺑ ِ‬ ‫ـﻦ َﻫ ِـﺬ ِه ْاﻵ َﻳ ِـﺔ; َﻓ َﻘ َ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ َأﺑِﻲ َﺛﻌ َﻠﺒ َﺔ ا ْﻟ ُﺨُ َﺸﻨِﻲ َﻟﻤـﺎ ﺳ َـﺄ َل رﺳ َ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ ,−‬إِﻣﺎ ِﻷَ ﱠنﱠ ا ْﻟﻌﻤ َﻞ ﺑِ ِﻪ ﻣ َﻘﻴ ٌﺪٌ ﺑِﻤﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻓِﻲ ﺣ ِﺪ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ُﻣ ْﻄ َﻠ ًﻘﺎ‪َ −‬و َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ َﻛ َﺬﻟِ َ‬ ‫اﺟ ٍ‬‫ِﻣﻨْ َﻬﺎ َأ ﱠنﱠ اﻟﻨﱠ ْﻬﻲ َﻋ ِﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻤﻨْ َﻜﺮِ َﻏ ْﻴ ُﺮ َو ِ‬
‫ـﻮل اﷲ ☺ َﻋ ْ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫ﱠ ﱠ َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ﱠ َ َ َ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﻦ َو َراﺋ ُﻜ ْ‬
‫ُـﻢ أ ﱠﻳـﺎ َم‬ ‫ْـﻚ ا ْﻟ َﻌ َـﻮا ﱠم‪َ ,‬ﻓـﺈنﱠﱠ ﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﻚ ‪َ −‬ﻳ ْﻌﻨﻲ ‪ −‬ﺑﻨَ ْﻔﺴ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪َ ,‬و َد ْع َﻋﻨْ َ‬ ‫ﺎب ُﻛ ﱢُﻞ ذي َرأ ٍي ﺑ َﺮأﻳﻪ‪َ ,‬ﻓ َﻌ َﻠ ْﻴ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺖ ُﺷﺤﺎ ُﻣﻄﺎ ًﻋﺎ‪َ ,‬و َﻫ ًﻮى ُﻣ ﱠﺘ َﺒ ًﻌﺎ‪َ ,‬و ُد ْﻧ َﻴﺎ ُﻣﺆْْ َﺛ َﺮ ًةً‪َ ,‬وإ ْﻋ َﺠ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﺎﻫ ْﻮا َﻋﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻤﻨْ َﻜﺮ‪َ ,‬ﺣ ﱠﺘﱠﻰ إ َذا َرأ ْﻳ َ‬ ‫ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﺮوف‪َ ,‬و َﺗ َﻨ َ‬
‫اﺧ َﺘﺮ َﻧَـﺎه‪ ,‬وإِﻣـﺎ ِﻷَ ﱠنﱠ ْاﻷَﻣـﺮ ﺑِـﺎ ْﻟﻤﻌﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺎت; َﻓ ِﻠ َﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫ﻮنَ ِﻣ ْﺜ َﻞ ﻋﻤ ِﻠ ِﻪ«‪ ,‬ﻫ َﻜ َﺬا رواه اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﻪ‪ ,‬و ِﻫﻲ َأ َﺗﻢ اﻟﺮواﻳ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻣ ِﻞ ﻓِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ﺾ ﻋ َﻠﻰ ا ْﻟﺠﻤﺮِ‪ ,‬ﻟِ ْﻠﻌ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬
‫وف‬ ‫ْ َ َ ُْ‬ ‫ﻚ ْ ْ ُ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ ﱡ ﱢ َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻬ ْﻢ ﻣ ْﺜ ُﻞ َأ ْﺟﺮِ َﺧ ْﻤﺴ َ‬
‫ﻴﻦ َر ُﺟ ًﻼ َﻳ ْﻌ َﻤ ُﻠ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ ْﺒ ُﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣ ْﺜ ُﻞ َﻗ ْﺒ ٍ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ ْﺒﺮِ‪ ,‬ﱠ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ۡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺲ‪َ ,‬وﻣ ْﻦ ُﺟ ْﻤ َﻠﺔ اﻻ ْﻫﺘ َﺪَ اء‪َ ,‬و َﻗ ْﺪْ َأ َﻣ َﺮ اﷲُ َﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ ﺑِﻪ ﻓﻲ َﻫﺬه ْاﻵ َﻳﺔ ﺑِ َﻘ ْﻮﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﱡ عليكم أنفسكمۖ ﱠ‪َ ,‬وﺑِ َﻘ ْﻮﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﱡ إِذا ٱهتديت ۚم ﱠ‪َ ,‬ﻧ َﻌـ ْﻢ; َﻻ َﻳ ُﻀـ ﱡﺮ َﻋ َﻤـ ُﻞ‬
‫ۡ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻮنُ ﺑِﻪ إِ ْﺻ َﻼ ُح اﻟﻨﱠ ْﻔ ِ‬ ‫َواﻟﻨﱠ ْﻬ َﻲ َﻋ ِﻦ ا ْﻟ ُﻤﻨْ َﻜﺮِ ﻣ ْﻦ ُﺟ ْﻤ َﻠﺔ َﻣﺎ َﻳ ُﻜ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺮ َو َاﻳـ ُﺔ ْاﻷُ ْﺧ َـﺮى‪ُ » :‬ﻣ ْﺴـﻨَ ُﺪُ َأ ْﺣ َﻤـﺪََ ا ْﺑ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺻﻲ َﺑ ْﻌ َﺪَ َذﻟِ َ‬
‫ـﻞ « ُﺷـ َﻌ ْﻴﺐ‪:‬‬ ‫ـﻦ َﺣﻨْ َﺒ ٍ‬ ‫ﻚ إِ ْنْ َﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﻘﺪ ْر َﻋ َﻠﻰ إِ ْﺑ َﻄﺎﻟﻪ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ َﻴﺪ; ﻓ َﺘ َْـﺮ ُك ْاﻷَ ْﻣـﺮِ َواﻟﻨﱠ ْﻬـ ِﻲ َر ْأ ًﺳـﺎ‪َ ,‬ﻟـ ْﻴ َﺲ ﻣ ﱠﻤـﺎ َﻳـ ُﺪُ ﱡل َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴـﻪ ْاﻵ َﻳـﺔ َأ ْﺻـ ًﻼ‪َ ,‬واﷲُ َﺗ َﻌـﺎ َﻟﻰ َأ ْﻋ َﻠـ ُﻢ (‪ .‬ﱢ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ـﻞ «‪−‬‬ ‫اﻹ َﻣـﺎ ِم َأ ْﺣ َﻤـﺪََ ا ْﺑ ِ‬
‫ـﻦ َﺣﻨْ َﺒ ٍ‬ ‫ﺎﺷـ َﻴ ُﺔ ُﻣ ْﺴـﻨَ ِﺪ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻒ; ﻟِ َﻜَـﻦ َﻓ ْﻘـﺮ ُة َأﻳـﺎ ِم اﻟﺼـﺒﺮِ َﺛﺎﺑِ َﺘَـ ٌﺔ‪ » ,‬ﺣ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﱠ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺸـ ْﻴ ُﺦ ْاﻷ ْﻟ َﺒـﺎﻧِ ﱡﻲ‪َ :‬ﺿـ ِﻌ ٌ‬‫ﺎﺟ ْﻪ « َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ا ْﻟ َﺒﺎﻗِﻲ‪ (١٣٣٠/٢) :‬ح )‪َ ,(٤٠١٤‬و َﻗ َﺎل ﱠ‬ ‫)‪ (٢٢١/١‬ح )‪ُ »,(٥٣‬ﺳﻨَ ُﻦ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ َ‬
‫ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ي «‪ُ :‬ﻫ َﺠﺮ‪َ ,(٤٣/٩) :‬ﺷﺎﻛِﺮ‪.(١٣٨/١١) :‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﻠﻒ ﻓﻲ ْاﻵ َﻳﺔ‪َ » :‬ﺗ ْﻔﺴ ُﻴﺮ اﻟ ﱠﻄ َﺒﺮِ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺑِ َﺘ ََﺼ ﱡﺮف‪َ −‬ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‪َ ,(١٢/١) :‬ﻋ َﻮض اﷲ‪َ ,(٤٢/١) :‬و َأ ْﻗ َﻮ ُال ﱠ‬
 ‫‪١٩‬‬

‫‪‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫اد ﺑ ِﻦ ْاﻟﻬ ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫َﺣ ِﺪ ُ‬
‫ﺎد ‪‬‬ ‫ﻳﺚ َﺷ ﱠﺪ ْ َ‬
‫ـﻦ َأﺑِـﻲ َﻳ ْﻌ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ـﻮب‪,‬‬ ‫ون; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬أ ْﺧ َﺒ َﺮ َﻧَﺎ َﺟﺮِ ُﻳﺮ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺣ ِ‬
‫ﺎز ٍم; َﻗ َﺎل‪َ :‬ﺣـﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤـﺪُُ ا ْﺑ ُ‬ ‫ــ َﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ َﻳ ِﺰﻳﺪُُ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻫ ُﺎر َ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﷲ ِ ﺑ ِﻦ َﺷﺪﱠﱠ ٍ‬
‫اد‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِ ِﻴﻪ; َﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ ْ َْ‬
‫ـﻲ ‪ −‬اﻟ ﱡﻈ ْﻬـﺮِ َأ ِو ا ْﻟ َﻌ ْﺼـﺮِ ‪َ −‬و ُﻫ َـﻮ‬ ‫ﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪ ‬ﻓِـﻲ إِﺣ َـﺪَ ى ﺻ َـﻼ َﺗ َِﻲ ا ْﻟﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺸ‬ ‫) َﺧ َﺮ َج َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﻨََﺎ َر ُﺳ ُ‬
‫َ ﱢ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻠﺼ َـﻼة; َﻓ َﺼـ ﱠﻠﻰ; َﻓ َﺴ َ‬
‫ـﺠﺪََ َﺑـ ْﻴ َﻦ‬ ‫ـﻲ ‪َ ‬ﻓ َﻮ َﺿـ َﻌ ُﻪ; ُﺛ ﱠ‬
‫ـﻢ َﻛ ﱠﺒ َـﺮ ﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫َﺣﺎﻣ ُﻞ َﺣ َﺴ ٍﻦ‪ ,‬أ ْو ُﺣ َﺴ ْﻴ ٍﻦ; َﻓ َﺘ َﻘـﺪﱠﱠ َم اﻟﻨﱠﺒ ﱡ‬
‫ي َﺻ َﻼﺗِ ِﻪ َﺳ ْﺠﺪََ ًة َأ َﻃﺎ َﻟ َﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫َﻇ ْﻬ َﺮ ْ‬
‫ـﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪َ − ‬و ُﻫ َـﻮ َﺳ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺼـﺒِﻲ َﻋ َﻠـﻰ َﻇ ْﻬـﺮِ رﺳ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل َأﺑِـﻲ‪ :‬ر َﻓﻌ ُ ْ ِ‬
‫ـﺎﺟﺪٌٌ ‪;−‬‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫ـﺖ َرأﺳـﻲ; َﻓـﺈ َذا ﱠ ﱡ‬ ‫َ ْ‬
‫ﻮدي‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﻓِﻲ ﺳﺠ ِ‬ ‫َﻓ َﺮ َﺟ ْﻌ ُ‬
‫ُ ُ‬
‫ـﺠﺪْْ َت َﺑـ ْﻴ َﻦ‬
‫ﱠـﻚ َﺳ َ‬ ‫ـﻮل اﷲ ِ ‪ ..‬إِ ﱠﻧ َ‬‫ﱠـﺎس‪َ :‬ﻳـﺎ َر ُﺳ َ‬ ‫ـﺎل اﻟﻨﱠ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ َـﻼ َة; َﻗ َ‬
‫ﻮل اﷲ ‪ ‬ﱠ‬
‫َﻓ َﻠﻤﺎ َﻗ َﻀﻰ رﺳ ُ ِ‬
‫َ ُ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻚ?‬ ‫ث َأ ْﻣ ٌﺮ‪َ ,‬أ ْو َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ ُﻳ َ‬
‫ﻮﺣﻰ إِ َﻟ ْﻴ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ َﻼ ِة َﺳ ْﺠﺪََ ًة َأ َﻃ ْﻠ َﺘ ََﻬﺎ‪َ ,‬ﺣ ﱠﺘﱠﻰ َﻇﻨَﻨﱠﱠﺎ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﻗﺪْْ َﺣﺪََ َ‬
‫َﻇ ْﻬ َﺮ ِي ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪ُ » :‬ﻛ ﱡُﻞ َذﻟِ َ‬
‫ﻚ َﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ُﻜ ُْﻦ‪َ ,‬و َﻟﻜِ ﱠﻦ ا ْﺑﻨ ِﻲ ْار َﺗ ََﺤ َﻠﻨ ِﻲ; َﻓ َﻜﺮِ ْﻫ ُ‬
‫ﺖ َأ ْن ُأ َﻋ ﱢﺠ َﻠ ُﻪ َﺣ ﱠﺘﱠﻰ َﻳ ْﻘﻀ َﻲ َﺣ َ‬
‫ﺎﺟ َﺘ ُﻪ «)‪.(٣٨‬‬

‫ـﻦ َأ ْو ا ْﻟ ُﺤ َﺴ ـ ْﻴ َﻦ (‪ِ ,‬ﺷــﺎﻛِﺮ واﻟــ ﱠﺰ ْﱠﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ـﻞ « ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻜْﻨــﺰ‪ (٢٩٠٧/٩) :‬ح )‪ُ ,(٢٨٢٩٥‬ﺷ ـ َﻌ ْﻴﺐ ‪ُ −‬ﻣ ْﺮﺷــﺪ‪ (٦١٣ /٤٥) :‬ح )‪َ (٢٧٦٤٧‬وﻓ َﻴﻬ ـﺎ‪َ ) :‬و ُﻫـ َـﻮ َﺣﺎﻣـ ُـﻞ َ‬
‫اﻟﺤ َﺴـ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫)‪ُ » (٣٨‬ﻣ ْﺴ ـﻨََﺪُُ َأ ْﺣ َﻤــﺪََ ا ْﺑـ ِ‬
‫ـﻦ َﺣﻨْ َﺒـ ٍ‬
‫ﻮري‪ (٩٢٨/٨) :‬ح )‪ ,(٢٨١٩٩‬وﻓِﻴﻬـﺎ‪ ) :‬وﻫـﻮ ﺣ ِ‬ ‫)‪ (٦١٢/١٨‬ح )‪ (٢٧٥١٩‬وﻓِﻴﻬﺎ‪ ) :‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪُُ ﺑﻦ ﻳﻌ ُﻘﻮب ( ‪ −‬وﻫ َﺬا َﺧ َﻄ ٌﺄ‪ ,−‬و) وﻫﻮ ﺣ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻣ ُـﻞ‬ ‫َ ُ َ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ﺖ (‪ ,‬اﻟﻨﱡﱡـ ِ ّ‬ ‫ﺎﻣ ُﻞ َﺣ َﺴﻨًﺎ َأ ْو ُﺣ َﺴ ْﻴﻨًﺎ (‪َ ) ,‬ﻗ َﺎل‪ :‬إِ ﱢﻧﱢﻲ َر َﻓ ْﻌ ُ‬ ‫َ ُ َ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ُ َ ﱠ ْ ُ َْ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫ـﺖ (‪ْ ,‬اﻷَ ْﻓ َﻜَـﺎر‪ :‬ص‬ ‫ـﺎل‪ :‬إِ ﱢﻧﱢـﻲ َر َﻓ ْﻌ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ (‪ ,‬ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻴ َﻤﻨ ﱠﻴ ُﺔ‪َ ,(٤٦٨/٦) :‬ﻋ َﻄـﺎ‪ (٣٤٩/١١) :‬ح )‪َ (٢٨٤١٤‬وﻓ َﻴﻬـﺎ‪َ ) :‬ﻗ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻚ (‪َ ),‬ﻓ َﻘ َﺎل َأﺑِﻲ‪َ :‬ﻓ َﺮ َﻓ ْﻌ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺤ َﺴ َﻦ َأ ْو ا ْﻟ ُﺤ َﺴ ْﻴ َﻦ (‪َ ),‬ﻇ ْﻬ َﺮا َﻧ َْﻲ َﺻ َﻼﺗﻪ (‪َ ),‬ﻇ ْﻬ َﺮا َﻧ َْﻲ َﺻ َﻼﺗ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫)‪ (٢٠٦٥‬ح )‪َ ,(٢٨١٩٩‬وﻓ َﻴﻬﺎ َأ ْﺧ َﻄﺎ ٌء َﻣ ْﻄ َﺒﻌ ﱠﻴ ٌﺔٌ; َﻛ َﻌﺎ َدات َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌﺎت ) َﺑ ْﻴﺖ ْاﻷَ ْﻓ َﻜ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺢ(‪.‬‬‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ َﺣ ْﻤ َﺰ ُة اﻟ ﱠﺰ ْﱠﻳ ُﻦ‪) :‬إِ ْﺳﻨَﺎ ُد ُه َﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫َﺎر(‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺤ ﱢﻘ ُﻘﻮ َﻃ ْﺒ َﻌﺔ ) ﱢ‬
‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ( َو ﱠ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣـﺎ ِم َأ ْﺣ َﻤـﺪََ‬ ‫ﺎل‪ » .‬ﺣ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺷ َﻴ ُﺔ ُﻣ ْﺴـﻨَ ِﺪ ْ ِ‬ ‫اﻹ ْﻋ َﺠ ِ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻞ َأ ِو ْ ِ‬
‫ﺠ ِ‬‫ﻮب َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻇ ْﻬﺮِي‪َ ,‬و» ُأ َﻋ ﱢﺠ َﻠ ُﻪ «‪ِ :‬ﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻌ ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺮ ُﻛ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي‪َ :‬ﻗ ْﻮ ُﻟ ُﻪ‪ْ » :‬ار َﺗ ََﺤ َﻠﻨﻲ «‪ :‬ا ﱠﺗﱠﺨََ َﺬﻧﻲ َراﺣ َﻠ ًﺔ ﺑِ ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨْﺪ ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ُم َأ ُﺑﻮ ا ْﻟ َﺤ َﺴ ِﻦ‪ُ ,‬ﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ُﺪُ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ا ْﻟ َﻬﺎدي ﱢ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ْ ِ‬

‫ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺣﻨْ َﺒ ٍﻞ « َﻃﺎﻟِﺐ‪َ ,(١٩٨/١٥) :‬ﻋ َﻮض اﷲ ِ‪.(٦٥٤/٥) :‬‬

‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم ﻓِﻲ‪ِ » :‬ﺳ َﻴﺮِ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼ ِء « )‪.(١٧٧/١١‬‬
‫ﺖ‪َ :‬و َﺗ َْﺮ َﺟ َﻤ ُﺔ ْ ِ‬
‫* ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬
 ‫‪٢٠‬‬

‫ُ َْ ُ‬ ‫ْ ُ ْ َ ُ َّ‬
‫ﺎﻣﻊ «‬
‫ﺤﻴﺢ‪ ،‬اﺠﻟ ِ‬
‫)‪ » (٩‬اﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ‪ ،‬اﻟﺼ ِ‬
‫َّ ِّ َّ َ َ ْ ِّ‬ ‫َ َُ‬
‫ﺤﻣ َّﻤﺪ؛ َﻗ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﷲِ ﺑﻦ َﻗ ْﺒ ِﺪ َّ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫ﻲﻣ اﻟﺴﻤ ْﺮﻗﻨ ِﺪي ~ )‪ ٢٥٥ - ١٨١‬ﻫ( ‪ ‬‬
‫ار ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻤﺣﻦ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻆ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻟ ِﻠ‬

‫ﺎم َأﺑِﻲ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ; َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﷲ ِ ﱠ‬

‫اﻟﺪ ِار ِﻣ ﱢﻲ; ﻓِﻲ ) ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﻨ ِﺪ( )‪:(٣٩‬‬ ‫‪َ ‬وﺑِ َﻬﺎ إِ َﻟﻰ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣ ِ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫اﻟﻨ ُﺒ ﱠﻮ ِة[‬
‫ﺎت ﱡ‬ ‫] ﻛِ َﺘﺎب ﻋ َﻼﻣ ِ‬
‫ُ َ َ‬ ‫)‪(٤٠‬‬

‫اﻟﻀ َﻼ َﻟ ِﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺒِ ﱢﻲ ‪ِ ‬ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻟ َﺠ ْﻬ ِﻞ َو ﱠ‬ ‫ﺚ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎن ﻋ َﻠﻴ ِﻪ اﻟﻨﱠﺎس َﻗﺒ َﻞ ﻣﺒﻌ ِ‬
‫ُ ْ ََْ‬ ‫ﺎب‪َ :‬ﻣﺎ َﻛ َ َ ْ‬ ‫َﺑ ُ‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑِﻲ َواﺋِ ٍﻞ‪َ :‬ﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﷲ ِ ‪; ‬‬ ‫ﺎن‪َ ,‬ﻋ ِﻦ ْاﻷَ ْﻋ َﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﻒ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ ُﺳ ْﻔ َﻴ َ‬‫ﻮﺳ َ‬ ‫ــ َأ ْﺧ َﺒ َﺮ َﻧﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ُﺪ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻳ ُ‬
‫اﺧ ُﺬ اﻟﺮﺟ ُﻞ ﺑِﻤﺎ ﻋ ِﻤ َﻞ ﻓِﻲ ْاﻟﺠ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻫ ِﻠ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ?‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ) :‬ﻗ َﺎل رﺟ ٌﻞ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ رﺳ َ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻮل اﷲ ‪َ ..‬أ ُﻳ َﺆ َ ﱠ ُ َ َ‬ ‫َ ُ َ َ ُ‬
‫ﺎء ﻓِﻲ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ِم‪,‬‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬ ‫اﺧ ْﺬ ﺑِﻤﺎ َﻛ َ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺎن َﻋﻤ َﻞ ﻓﻲ ْاﻟ َﺠﺎﻫﻠ ﱠﻴﺔ‪َ ,‬و َﻣ ْﻦ َأ َﺳ َ‬ ‫َﻗ َﺎل‪َ » :‬ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﺣ َﺴ َﻦ ﻓِﻲ ْ ِ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ِم‪َ ,‬ﻟ ْﻢ ُﻳ َﺆ َ َ‬
‫)‪(٤١‬‬
‫ُأ ِﺧ َﺬ ﺑِ ْﺎﻷَ ﱠو ِل َو ْاﻵ ِﺧﺮِ « (‪.‬‬

‫ـﺨَ ِﺔ‬
‫ـﺎﻣ ُﻊ «‪ ,‬وﻓِـﻲ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َ‬ ‫ﺮاد اﻟﻤ ﱠﻼ( )ن ‪ ٧٨٩‬ﻫــ(‪ » :‬ا ْﻟﻤﺴـﻨَ َُﺪُ ا ْﻟﺠ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ ْ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺎﻣﻊ «; َﻛَﻤﺎ ﻓِﻲ ُﻧُﺴﺨََ ِﺔ ) ُﻛُﻮﺑِﺮِ ِﻳﻠﻲ()ن ‪ ٦٠١‬ﻫـ(‪ ,‬وﻓِﻲ ُﻧُﺴ َﺨَ ِﺔ )ﻟِﻴﺪََ ن( )ن ‪ ٦٣٤‬ﻫـ( و)ﻣ ٍ‬
‫َ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﺢ ا ْﻟ َﺠ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼﺤ ُ‬ ‫َﺎب‪ » :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨََﺪُُ ﱠ‬ ‫اﺳ ُﻢ اﻟﻜِ َﺘ ِ‬‫)‪ْ (٣٩‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ رﺳﻮ ِل اﷲ ِ ☺ ‪ ,‬وﺳـ َﻨَﻨ ِ ِﻪ ا ْﻟﻤ ْـﺄ ُﺛ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ـﻦ َﺣ َﺠـﺮٍ‪:‬‬ ‫اب (‪َ ,‬و َﺳ ﱠـﻤﺎ ُه ا ْﻟ َﺤـﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُ‬ ‫ﺎب » ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴـﻨََﺪ « َﻋﻠـﻰ ﹾاﻷﹶ ﹾﺑ ﹶ‬
‫ـﻮ ﹺ‬ ‫ي‪) :‬ﻛ َﺘَـ َ‬ ‫وﺳ ﱠـﻤﺎ ُه ا ْﻟ َﺤـﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُ‬
‫ـﻦ َﻛ ْﻴ َﻜ ْﻠـﺪ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻮرة «‪َ ,‬‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻤﺎﻧ ﱠﻴﺔ( )ن ‪ ٦٩٣‬ﻫـ(‪ »:‬ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨََﺪُُ ‪ ,‬ﻣ ْﻦ َﺣﺪ َ ُ ْ‬ ‫) ﱡ‬
‫ﻮل‪َ :‬ﻟﻮ ُﻗ ﱢﺪﱢ م ﻣﻊ ا ْﻟ َﺨَ ﻤﺴ ِﺔ ﺑ َﺪَ َل اﺑ ِﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﻪ; َﻓ َﻜﺎنََ ﺳ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﱢ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ َﻋ َﻠﻰ ﹾاﻷﹶ ﹾﺑ ﹶﻮ ﹺ‬ ‫ف ﺑِـ» ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨَ َِﺪ «‪َ ,‬و ُﻫ َﻮ َﻣ َﻊ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫» ُﻣ ْﺴﻨََﺪََ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ ِار ِﻣ ﱢﻲ «‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل‪َ ) :‬ﻛ ََﺬا ُﻳ ْﻌ َﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺎد ًﺳـﺎ; َﻟ َﻜـﺎنََ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ‬ ‫ﻳﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻌ َﻼﺋ ﱡﻲ; َﻳ ُﻘ ُ ْ َ َ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ َﺻ َﻼ ُح ﱢ‬ ‫اب‪َ ,‬و َﻛَﺎنََ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻚ ُﻣ َﺮ ﱠﺗ ٌ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺖ َﺗ َْﺴ ِﻤ ﱠﻴ َﺔ ُﻧ ُْﺴ َﺨَ ِﺔ ) ُﻛُﻮﺑِﺮِ ِﻳﻠﻲ(; ِﻷَ ﱠﻧ َﱠﻬـﺎ َأ ْﻗ َـﺪَ ُم اﻟ ﱡﻨ َﱡﺴ ِ‬ ‫ُﺐ ا ﱠﻟﺘِﻲ ُﺗ ُْﺨْ َﺘ ََﺼ ُﺮ; َو َﻗ ﱠﺪﱠ ْﻣ ُ‬ ‫أنﱠ ِاﻻﺳﻢ ﻣ ْﺨْ َﺘَﺼﺮ; َﻛَﺴﺎﺋِﺮِ َأﺳﻤ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َأ ْو َﻟﻰ ﺑِ َﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫ـﺦِ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﺴ ُـﻤﻮ َﻋﺔ َو َأ ْﺟ َﻮ ُد َﻫـﺎ‪ ,‬واﷲُ َأ ْﻋ َﻠ ُ‬
‫ـﻢ‪ » .‬إِ َﺛـ َﺎر ُة‬ ‫ﺎء ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ُﺘ ِ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫ي ﱠ ْ َ ُ َ ٌ َ‬ ‫ﻚ (‪َ ,‬وا ﱠﻟﺬي َﻳ َﺘ ََﺮ ﱠﺟ ُﺢ َﻟ َﺪَ ﱠ‬
‫ا ْﻟ َﻔ َﻮاﺋِ ِﺪ « )‪ » ,(٢٧١/١‬ا ْﻟ ُـﻤ ْﻌ َﺠ ُﻢ ا ْﻟ ُـﻤ ْﻔ ْﻬ َﺮ ُس« ص )‪.(٤١‬‬
‫ﻮﻝ ا ْﻟﺨََ ﱢﻄ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ ا ﱠﻟﺘِﻲ ﺑِ َﺄ ْﻳ ِﺪﻳﻨََﺎ‪.‬‬
‫َﺎب; َﻛَﻤﺎ ﻓِﻲ اﻷﹸ ﹸﺻ ﹺ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺣ َﺠﺮٍ ﻓﻲ » إِ ْﺗ َﺤﺎف ا ْﻟ َﻤ َﻬ َﺮة « )‪َ ,(٢١٢/١)(٢٥٠/١٠‬و َﻟ ْﻴ َﺲ ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﺻ ِﻞ ا ْﻟﻜ َﺘ ِ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫وﺿ ِﻊ َ‬ ‫)‪َ (٤٠‬ﻣﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓ ْﻴ ِﻦ َﺗ َْﺴ ِﻤ َﻴ ٌﺔ ﻟِﻠ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﻮ ِﺿﻴﺢِِ ِﻣ ْﻦ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ‪ :‬ص‬ ‫ﻒ (‪ ,‬اﻟ ﱠﺰ ْﻫ َﺮاﻧ ّﻲ )‪ (٤١/١‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ﱢ‬ ‫ﻮﺳ َ‬ ‫)‪ُ » (٤١‬ﻣ ْﺴﻨََﺪُُ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ ِارﻣ ﱢﻲ « اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄﺻﻴﻞ‪ (٢٠٤/١) :‬ح )‪ , (١‬اﻟ َﺒ َﺸﺎﺋﺮ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٩٣‬ح )‪َ ,(١‬أ َﺳﺪ‪ (١٥٣/١) :‬ح )‪َ (١‬وﻓ َﻴﻬﺎ‪َ ) :‬ﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤﺪُُ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻳ ُ‬
‫ـﻮل اﷲ ِ‬ ‫ﻒ (‪َ ) ,‬ﺟﺎ َء ر ُﺟ ٌﻞ‪ :‬إِ َﻟـﻰ رﺳ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻮﺳ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ﱠﻨﱠﺔ‪َ ,(٣/١) :‬وﻓ َﻴﻬﺎ‪َ ) :‬ﺣﺪﱠﱠ َﺛﻨََﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤﺪُُ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻳ ُ‬ ‫إﺣ َﻴﺎء ﱡ‬ ‫)‪ (٨٣‬ح )‪ُ ,(١‬ز ُُﻣﺮﻟﻲ‪ −‬اﻟ َﻌ َﻠﻤﻲ‪ (١٣/١) :‬ح )‪ ,(١‬ا ْﺑﻦ َﺣ ْﺰ ٍم‪ :‬ص )‪ (٧‬ح )‪َ ,(١‬د ْﻫ َﻤﺎن‪ :‬اﻻ ْﻋﺘﺪََ ال‪ْ −‬‬
‫ﺎت (‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ اﻟ ﱠﺰ ْﻫ َﺮاﻧِ ﱡﻲ‪ِ ) :‬ر َﺟﺎ ُﻟ ُﻪ ﺛِ َﻘ ٌ‬ ‫ﻳﺚ ُﻣ ﱠﺘ َﻔ ٌﻖ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻪ (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ﱠ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟ َﺤ ِﺪ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ َاراﻧ ﱡﻲ‪ ) :‬إِ ْﺳﻨَﺎ ُد ُه َﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫‪َ ; ‬ﻓ َﻘ َﺎل‪َ ,( .. :‬و َﻗ َﺎل ﱠ‬
‫اﺧ َـﺬ ِة ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻪ ﹾاﻷﹸ ﱠﻣ ﹸﺔ‪َ :‬أنﱠﱠ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻫ ُﺮ َﻫ َﺬا ا ْﻟ ُﺤ ْﻜ ِﻢ ِﺧ َﻼ ُ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ُﻆ ا ْﻟﺨََ ﱠﻄﺎﺑِﻲ‪َ ) :‬ﻇ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫نت ُهوا ُي ۡغ َف ۡر ل ُهم َّما قَ ۡ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ـد َسـل َف ﱠ‪َ ,‬و َﺗ ْﺄ ِوﻳـ ُﻞ ا ْﻟ ُﻤﺆََ َ‬ ‫ك َف ُر ٓوا إن يَ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َ َ‬
‫ﺎل َﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ‪ :‬ﱡ قل ل ِ ِ‬
‫ِلِين‬ ‫ﺐ َﻣﺎ َﻗ ْﺒ َﻠ ُﻪ; َﻗ َ‬‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ َم َﻳ ُﺠ ﱡ‬ ‫ف َﻣﺎ َأ ْﺟ َﻤ َﻌ ْ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎب ا ْﻟ َﻤ َﻌﺎﺻﻲ‪َ ,‬وﻓﻲ ْاﻵﺧﺮِ‪ :‬ﺑِ َﻤﺎ َﻛَﺎنََ ﻣ ْﻨ ُﻪ َﺣ َﺎل إِ ْﺳ َﻼﻣﻪ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟ ُﻌ ُﻘﻮ َﺑـﺔ‪َ ,‬ﻋ َﻠـﻰ َﻗـﺪْْ ِر َﻣـﺎ َﻳ ْﺴـ َﺘﺤ ﱡﻘ ُﻪ ﻣـ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌﺼـ َﻴﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ َم َﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﻤ َﻨ ْﻌ ُﻪ َﻋ ِﻦ ْارﺗﻜ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ْاﻷَ ﱠو ِل‪ :‬ﺑِﺎﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﺒﻜﻴﺖ َواﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﻌﻴِﻴﺮِ ﺑِ َﻤﺎ َﻛَﺎنََ ﻣ ْﻨ ُﻪ َﺣ َﺎل ُﻛ ْﻔﺮِه; ﻷَ ﱠنﱠ ْ ِ‬
‫ﻳﺚ « )‪ (٢٣١١/٤‬ﺑِ َﺘَﺼﺮ ٍ‬ ‫ﺎر‪ ,‬وا ْﻟ َﻜﺎﻓِﺮ ﻣ َﺨَ ﱠﻠ ٌﺪٌ ﻓِﻴﻬﺎ َأﺑ ًﺪً ا ( » َأﻋ َﻼم ا ْﻟﺤ ِﺪ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻹﺳ َﻼ ِم‪ ,‬و َﻻ ﻳﺠﻮ ُز َأ ْنْ ﻳﻌﺎ َﻗﺐ ﻋ ُﻘﻮﺑ َﺔ ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ﱠﻔ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ف‪.‬‬ ‫َ ﱡ‬ ‫ْ ُ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ُ ُ‬ ‫ﺎر; ﻷَ ﱠنﱠ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻠ َﻢ َﻻ ُﻳ َﺨَ ﱡﻠ ُﺪُ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ َ‬ ‫َُ َ ُ َ‬ ‫َ َ ُ‬ ‫ا ْﻛ َﺘ َﺴ َﺒ َﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ْ ِ َ‬
‫ـﺐ َﻋ َﻠـﻰ َﺟ ِﻤﻴـ ِﻊ َﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎت َﻋ َﻠﻰ ُﻛ ْﻔﺮِه; َﻛَﺎنََ َﻛ ََﻤ ْﻦ َﻟ ْﻢ ُﻳ ْﺴﻠ ْﻢ; َﻓ ُﻴ َﻌﺎ َﻗ ُ‬ ‫ﺎﺻﻲ; َﻓﺈِ َذا ْار َﺗ ﱠَﺪﱠ َو َﻣ َ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﺎء ِة‪ ,‬و َأ َﺷﺪﱡﱡ ا ْﻟﻤﻌ ِ‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫َﺎﻳ ُﺔ ْ ِ َ َ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫* و َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻓ ُﻆ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺣ َﺠﺮٍ‪َ ) :‬و ْاﻷَ ْو َﻟﻰ‪َ :‬ﻗ ْﻮ ُل َﻏ ْﻴﺮِه‪ :‬إِنﱠﱠ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ َﺮا َد ﺑِ ْﺎﻹ َﺳﺎ َءة‪ :‬ا ْﻟ ُﻜ ْﻔ ُﺮ; ﻷَ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﻏ َ‬
‫ـﺎري; َﺷ ْـﺮ ُح‬ ‫اﻹ ْﺳ َـﻼم (‪َ » .‬ﻓـ ْﺘ ُْﺢ ا ْﻟ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫ـﺲ ْ ِ‬ ‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ِم‪َ ,‬و َﺣ َﻤ َﻠ ُﻪ َﻏ ْﻴ ُﺮ ُه َﻋ َﻠﻰ ِﺻ َﻔ ٍﺔ ﻓِﻲ َﻧ ْﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺎﻫ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ ْ ِ‬
‫ﺎرﺟ ٍﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣ ِ‬ ‫ِ ٍ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ِم« َﻋ َﻠﻰ ﺻ َﻔﺔ َﺧ ِ َ َ ْ َ‬ ‫ي (; ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َﺎل‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟﺨََ ﱠﻄﺎﺑِﻲ َﺣ َﻤ َﻞ َﻗ ْﻮ َﻟ ُﻪ‪» :‬ﻓِﻲ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﺎر ﱡ‬ ‫ﻚ َأ َﺷ َﺎر ا ْﻟ ُﺒ َﺨَ ِ‬‫َﻗﺪﱠﱠ َﻣ ُﻪ‪َ ,‬وإِ َﻟﻰ َذﻟِ َ‬
‫ﱡ‬
‫ي «)‪.(٢٦٦ /١٢‬‬ ‫ﺻ ِ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺢِِ ا ْﻟ ُﺒ َﺨَ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ﱢ‬ ‫َ‬
 ‫‪٢١‬‬

‫‪    ‬‬

‫)‪(٤٢‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺎن ﻓِﻲ ْاﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ ِ‬
‫آن‬ ‫اﻫ َﻴ ُ ِﺔ ♣ ﹾاﻷﹶ ْﻟ َﺤ ِ‬
‫ﺎب♣ ‪َ :‬ﻛﺮ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َﺑ ٌُ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺶ; َﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬‫ﻳﺲ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ ْاﻷَ ْﻋ َﻤ ِ‬ ‫ــ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ اﷲ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﷲ ْﺑ ِﻦ إِ ْد ِر َ‬
‫ﻚ َأ َﻧ ٌﺲ (‪.‬‬ ‫ﺲ‪ ,‬ﺑِ َﻠ ْﺤ ٍﻦ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻫ ِﺬ ِه ﹾاﻷﹶ ْﻟ َﺤ ِ‬
‫ﺎن; َﻓ َﻜﺮِ َه َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫) َﻗ َﺮ َأ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َأ َﻧ ٍ‬

‫ﺨ ْﻀﺮِ ِم (‪.‬‬ ‫وﻗ َﺎل َﻏﻴﺮه‪َ ) :‬ﻗﺮ َأ ُﻏﻮر ُك ﺑﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ْاﻟ ِ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل َأ ُﺑﻮ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ‪َ :‬‬
‫َ ُْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُْ ُ‬
‫ﺎن‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ ْاﺑ ِﻦ ُﻋ َﻠ ﱠﻴ َﺔ‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ ْاﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ْﻮ ٍن‪َ ,‬ﻋ ْﻦ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ; َﻗ َﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﺎس ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﺳ ْﻔ َﻴ َ‬ ‫ــ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛﻨَﺎ ْاﻟ َﻌ ﱠﺒ ُ‬
‫آن ُﻣ ْﺤ َﺪ َﺛ ًﺔ ( )‪.(٤٣‬‬ ‫ﺎن ﻓِﻲ ْاﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ ِ‬
‫) َﻛ ُﺎﻧﻮا َﻳ َﺮ ْو َن َﻫ ِﺬ ِه ا ﹾﻷﹶ ْﻟ َﺤ َ‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬א‬
‫‪‬א‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ف‬ ‫اﻟﺸـ ْﻴ ُﺦ اﻟ ﱠﺰ ْﻫ َﺮاﻧِـ ﱡﻲ‪َ ,‬و َﺣ َـﺬ َ‬ ‫ﻮل‪َ ) :‬و ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻓ َﻀـﺎﺋِ ِﻞ( (‪َ ,‬و َأ ْﺛ َﺒ َﺘَـ ُﻪ ﱠ‬ ‫ي; َﻓ َﻘ َﺎل‪َ ) :‬وﻓِﻲ ْاﻷُ ُﺻ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ اﻟ َﻐ َْﻤﺮِ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺎت‪َ ,‬و َأ ْﺛ َﺒ َﺘ ُﻪ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺾ ا ْﻟﻤﺨْْ ُﻄﻮ َﻃ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ َاراﻧ ﱡﻲ‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل َأ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﺳﺎﻗ ٌﻂ ﻣ ْﻦ َﺑ ْﻌ ِ َ‬ ‫)‪َ (٤٢‬ﻣﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﻜُﻮ َﻓ ْﻴ ِﻦ َأ ْﺛ َﺒ َﺘ ُﻪ ﱠ‬
‫) َو ِﻣ ْﻦ(‪َ ,‬و َﺣ َﺬ َﻓ ُﻪ َﺟ َﻤﺎ َﻋ ُﺔ اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻ ِ‬
‫ﻴﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻴﺪ (‪,‬‬ ‫ـﻌ ٍ‬ ‫ـﺎء ‪ ,! −‬اﻟﺒ َﺸـﺎﺋِﺮ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٧٩٠‬ح )‪ ,(٣٨٣٢‬وﻓِﻴﻬـﺎ‪َ ) :‬أ ْﺧﺒﺮ َﻧَـﺎ ﻋﺒـﺪُُ اﷲ ِ ﺑـﻦ ﺳ ِ‬ ‫)‪ » (٤٣‬ﻣﺴﻨََﺪُُ اﻟﺪﱠﱠ ِار ِﻣﻲ « اﻟ ﱠﺘ ْﱠﺄ ِﺻﻴﻞ‪ (٢٦٤/٣) :‬ح )‪ (٣٥٣٠)(٣٥٢٩‬وﻓِﻴﻬـﺎ‪َ ) :‬ﻛَـﺎ ُﻧُﻮا ﻳـﺮونََ ( ‪ −‬ﺑِ َﻀـﻢ ا ْﻟﻴ ِ‬
‫ْ ُ َ‬ ‫ََ َ ْ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱢ َ‬ ‫ُ َ ْ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ُ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُﻮر ُك ْﺑ ُﻦ َأﺑِﻲ ا ْﻟﺨََ ْﻀ َﺮ ِم ( )‪َ ,(٣٨٣٣‬أ َﺳﺪ‪ (٢١٩٤ /٤) :‬ح )‪َ ,(٣٥٤٥‬وﻓ َﻴﻬـﺎ‪َ ) :‬أ ْﺧ َﺒ َﺮ َﻧَـﺎ َﻋ ْﺒـﺪُُ اﷲ ‪ ,( ...‬و) ‪ ..‬ا ْﻟﺨََ ْﻀ َـﺮ ِم ( )‪ ,(٣٥٤٦‬اﻟ ﱠﺰ ْﻫ َﺮاﻧـ ّﻲ )‪ (١١٠٤ /٢‬ح )‪َ (٣٧٣٧‬وﻓ َﻴﻬـﺎ‪َ ) :‬أ ْﺧ َﺒ َﺮ َﻧَـﺎ‬‫ِ‬
‫) ُﻏ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮ َﺳــﺎ َﻟﺔ‪ :‬ص )‪ (٧٣٠‬ح )‪ ,(٣٥٣٠)(٣٥٢٩‬ا ْﺑــﻦ َﺣ ـ ْﺰ ٍم‪ :‬ص )‪ (٤٧٣‬ح )‪َ (٣٧٣٧‬وﻓ َﻴﻬــﺎ‪ ) :‬أ ْﺧ َﺒ َﺮ َﻧ ـﺎ َﻋ ْﺒــﺪُُ اﷲ ‪ ,( ..‬و) ‪ ..‬ا ْﻟﺨََ ْﻀـ َـﺮ ِم ()‪ُ ,(٣٧٣٨‬ز ُُﻣﺮﻟــﻲ‪ −‬اﻟ َﻌ َﻠﻤـ ّ‬ ‫َﻋ ْﺒــﺪُُ اﷲ ‪ ,(٣٧٣٨) ,( ..‬ﱢ‬
‫اﻟﺴ ﱠﻨ ِﱠﺔ‪َ ,(٤٧٤/٢) :‬وﻓِ َﻴﻬﺎ‪َ ) :‬ﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﻮ ٍن (‪.‬‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫إﺣ َﻴﺎء ﱡ‬ ‫)‪ (٥٦٦/٢‬ح )‪َ (٣٥٠٢‬وﻓ َﻴﻬﺎ‪َ ) :‬أ ْﺧ َﺒ َﺮ َﻧﺎ َﻋ ْﺒﺪُُ اﷲ ‪َ ,(٣٥٠٣) ,( ..‬د ْﻫ َﻤﺎن‪ :‬اﻻ ْﻋﺘ َﺪَ ال‪ْ −‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻮف َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻪ (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل اﻟ ﱠﺰ ْﻫ َﺮاﻧِ ﱡﻲ‪ِ ) :‬ر َﺟﺎ ُﻟ ُﻪ ﺛِ َﻘ ٌ‬ ‫ﻴﺢ إﻟﻰ اﻷﹶ ﹾﻋ ﹶﻤ ﹺ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻴ ُﺦ ﱠ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﺢ إﻟﻰ اﻷ ْﻋ َﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺶ (‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟﺔ(‪ ) :‬إِ ْﺳﻨَﺎ ُد ُه َﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫ﺎت (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺤ ﱢﻘ َﻘﺎ ) ﱢ‬ ‫وﻫ َﻮ َﻣ ْﻮ ُﻗ ٌ‬
‫ﺶ‪ُ ,‬‬ ‫اﻟﺪﱠ َاراﻧ ﱡﻲ‪ ) :‬إِ ْﺳﻨَﺎ ُد ُه َﺻﺤ ٌ‬ ‫‪ −‬ﻓﻲ ْاﻷَ ﱠول; َﻗ َﺎل ﱠ ْ‬
‫اﻟﺮ َﺳﺎ َﻟ ِﺔ(‪ ) :‬إِ ْﺳﻨَﺎ ُد ُه َﺣ َﺴ ٌﻦ (‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻒ َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻔ ُﻴﺪُ َﻋﻨْ ُﻪ (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ُﻣ َﺤ ﱢﻘ َﻘﺎ ) ﱢ‬ ‫ﺎس ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ٍﻢ‪َ :‬ﻟ ْﻢ َأﻗِ ْ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﱠ َاراﻧِ ﱡﻲ‪ ) :‬إِ ْﺳﻨَﺎ ُد ُه َﺟ ﱢﻴ ٌﺪٌ (‪َ ,‬و َﻗ َﺎل ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ اﻟ ﱠﺰ ْﻫ َﺮاﻧ ﱡﻲ‪ ) :‬ﻓﻴﻪ ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﺒ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ ُﺦ ﱠ‬ ‫‪َ −‬وﻓِﻲ اﻟ ﱠﺜﺎﻧِﻲ; َﻗ َﺎل ﱠ‬
‫ـﻦ‪َ ,‬أ ْو َﻣـﺪﱡﱡ‬ ‫َﺎت ﻓِ ِﻴﻪ‪ ,‬وإِ ْﺧﺮاجِِ ﺣﺮ َﻛ ٍ‬
‫َﺎت ِﻣﻨْ ُﻪ‪ُ ,‬ﻳ ْﻘ َﺼ ُﺪُ ﺑِ َﻬﺎ َو ْزْنُُ ا ْﻟ َﻜ ََﻼ ِم َوا ْﻧْﺘِ َﻈـﺎ ُم اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﺤ ِ‬ ‫َ َ ََ‬
‫ﺎل ﺣﺮ َﻛ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬
‫آن َﻋ ْﻦ ﺻﻴ َﻐَﺘﻪ‪ ,‬ﺑِﺈِ ْد َﺧ َ َ‬ ‫ﺎظ ا ْﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ ِ‬
‫ﺖ َأ ْﻟ َﻔ َ‬‫ﺎن ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ ُﺿﻮ َﻋ ِﺔ‪ ,‬إِ َذا َأ ْﺧ َﺮ َﺟ ْ‬‫ي‪ ) :‬ا ْﻟ ِﻘ َﺮا َء ُة ﺑِ ْﺎﻷَ ْﻟ َﺤ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫* َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣ ُﺔ ا ْﻟ َﻤ َﺎو ْرد ﱡ‬
‫ُ ً‬
‫ﻮل‪ :‬ﱡ ق ۡر َءانا‬ ‫ﺎﺟ ِﻪ‪َ ,‬واﷲُ َﺗ َﻌﺎ َﻟﻰ َﻳ ُﻘ ُ‬ ‫ﺠ ِﻪ إِ َﻟﻰ ا ْﻋ ِﻮ َﺟ ِ‬ ‫ئُ ‪َ ,‬و َﻳ ْﺄ َﺛ ُﻢ ﺑِ ِﻪ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﺘ َِﻤ ُﻊ; ِﻷَ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﻗﺪْْ َﻋﺪََ َل ﺑِ ِﻪ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻧ َْﻬ ِ‬
‫ﺎر ُ‬ ‫ﻮر َﻳ ْﻔ ُﺴ ُﻖ ﺑِ ِﻪ ا ْﻟ َﻘ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﻮر‪َ ,‬أ ْو َﻗ ْﺼ ُﺮ َﻣ ْﻤﺪُُ ود‪َ ,‬أ ْو َﻣ َﻄ ٌﻂ َﺣ ﱠﺘﱠﻰ َﺧﻔ َﻲ اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﻔ ُﻆ‪َ ,‬وا ْﻟ َﺘ َﺒ َﺲ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْﻌﻨََﻰ‪َ ,‬ﻓ َﻬ َﺬا َﻣ ْﺤ ُﻈ ٌ‬ ‫َﻣ ْﻘ ُﺼ ٍ‬

‫ﺎﻋ ِﻪ (‪.‬‬
‫ﺲ إِ َﻟﻰ ﺳﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﺎﺣﺎ; ِﻷَ ﱠﻧ ُﻪ َﻗﺪْْ َزَا َد ﺑِ َﺄ ْﻟ َﺤﺎﻧِ ِﻪ ﻓِﻲ َﺗ َْﺤ ِﺴﻴﻨ ِ ِﻪ‪َ ,‬و َﻣ ْﻴ ِﻞ اﻟﻨﱠ ْﻔ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِِ‬ ‫َّ ُ َ‬ ‫َّ َّ‬ ‫َۡ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫ع َرب ِ ًّياغ َي ذِِي ِع َِو ٖج ل َعل ُه ۡم َيتقونﱠ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‪َ , [٢٨ :‬وإِ ْنْ َﻟ ْﻢ ُﻳ ْﺨْ ﺮِ ْﺟ ُﻪ اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﺤ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﻦ ﺻﻴ َﻐَﺔ َﻟ ْﻔﻈﻪ َوﻗ َﺮا َءﺗﻪ َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﺗ َْﺮﺗﻴﻠﻪ َﻛَﺎنََ ُﻣ َﺒ ً‬
‫َﺎء ِﻣﻦ ْاﻵ َﻻ ِ‬‫ﺎن ﻣﺎ ﻳ ْﻘﺮ ُنُ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟﻐﻨَ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫اﻹﺳ َﻼ ِم اﺑﻦ َﺗﻴ ِﻤﻴ َﺔ‪َ ) :‬ﻻ ﻳﺴﻮ ُغ َأنْْ ﻳ ْﻘﺮ َأ ا ْﻟ ُﻘﺮآنُُ ﺑِ َﺄ ْﻟﺤ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ت‪َ ,‬و َﻏ ْﻴﺮِ َﻫﺎ (‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺎن ا ْﻟﻐﻨَﺎء‪َ ,‬و َﻻ َأنْْ ُﻳ ْﻘ َﺮ َنَ ﺑِﻪ ﻣﻦ ْاﻷَ ْﻟ َﺤ ِ َ ٌ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫ْ ُ ْ ﱠ‬ ‫* َﻗ َﺎل َﺷ ْﻴ ُﺦ ْ ِ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎت‪َ ,‬و َﻟ ْﻢ ُﻳﻨْْﻜِ ُﺮوا ُﻟ ُﺤ َ‬‫ﻴﻘﻴ ِﺔ‪ ,‬وﺳ َﻼﻟِ ِﻢ اﻟﻨﱠ َﻐَﻤ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ب‪ ,‬واﻟﻘ َـﺮا َء َة ﺑِـﺎﻟ ﱠﻄ ْﺒ ِﻊ ُدونََ اﻟ ﱠﺘ َﻄ ﱡﺒـ ِﻊ َواﻟ ﱠﺘ َﻜَﻠـﻒ‪َ ,‬ﻓ َﺘ َْﺤﺴ ُ‬
‫ـﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻮنَ اﻟ َﻌ َـﺮ ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أﻫ ِﻞ اﻟﻔ ْﺴ ِﻖ ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﺘ َﻌ َﺎرة ﻣ َﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻤ َﻘ َﺎﻣﺎت ا ْﻟ ُﻤﻮﺳ ﱠ َ َ‬ ‫ﻮنَ ْ‬ ‫ﻮنَ ُﻟ ُﺤ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ َﺤﺎ َﺑ ُﺔ َواﻟ ﱠﺘﱠﺎﺑِ ُﻌ َ‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ :‬أ ْﻧ َﻜ ََﺮ ﱠ‬ ‫* ُﻗ ْﻠ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ َﺷ ْﺮﻋﻲ‪َ ,‬ﻻﺳ ﱠﻴ َﻤﺎ ﻋ ْﻨ َْﺪَ ﻗ َﺮا َءة ا ْﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫آن‪.‬‬ ‫ﱞ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ ْﻮت َو َﺗ ْﺰْﻳِﻴﻨﻪ َﻣ ْﻄ َﻠ ٌ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ي‪ :‬اﻟﻌ ْﻠﻤ ﱠﻴـﺔ‪ (١٩٧/١٧) :‬ﺑِ َﺘ ََﺼ ﱡـﺮف ﻳﺴـﻴﺮٍ‪ » ,‬اﻻ ْﺳـﺘ َﻘ َﺎﻣ ُﺔ « ﻟ َﺸـ ْﻴﺦِِ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ي )‪ » ,(١٤٩/١‬ا ْﻟ َﺤ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫آن « ﻟ ْﻠ َﺤﺎﻓﻆ َأﺑِﻲ ا ْﻟ َﻌ ﱠﺒ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫» َﻓ َﻀﺎﺋ ُﻞ ا ْﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ ِ‬
‫اﻹ ْﺳ َـﻼ ِم )‪,(٢٤٦/١‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺎوي ا ْﻟ َﻜﺒِ ُﻴﺮ « ﻟ ْﻠ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣـﺔ ا ْﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫ـﺎو ْرد ﱢ‬ ‫ﺎس ا ْﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻐْﻔﺮِ ﱢ‬
‫اﻟـﺪﱢ ِ‬
‫ﻳﻦ‪,‬‬ ‫ﻺ َﻣـﺎ ِم َز ْﻳـ ِﻦ ﱢ‬‫اﻟﻔ ْﺴ ِﻖ َوا ْﻟﻜِ َﺒﺎﺋِﺮِ « ﻟِ ْ ِ‬
‫ﻮن َأﻫ ِﻞ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي‪ ,‬ا ْﻟ َﺤ ﱠﺠﺎر‪ :‬ص )‪َ ,(١١٠‬ﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﻟ َﻘﺎدر‪ :‬ص )‪ْ » ,(٩٩‬اﻷَ ْﻧ ُﺠ ُﻢ اﻟ ﱠﺰ َواﻫ ُﺮ; ﻓﻲ َﺗ ْﺤﺮِﻳ ِﻢ ا ْﻟﻘ َﺮا َءة ﺑِ ُﻠ ُﺤ ِ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اب ﺣﻤ َﻠ ِﺔ ا ْﻟ ُﻘﺮ ِ ِ‬
‫آن « ﻟ ْﻠ َﻌ ﱠﻼ َﻣﺔ اﻟ ﱠﻨ َﱠﻮ ِو ﱢ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﺎنُ ; ﻓﻲ آ َد ِ َ ْ‬
‫» اﻟ ﱢﺘﺒﻴ ُ ِ‬
‫َْ‬
‫َـﺎوى‪َ ,‬وأ ْﻗ َـﻮ ُال‬ ‫ـﻴﻘ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ َو ْاﻷَ ْﻟ َﺤ ِ‬
‫ـﺎن‪َ ,‬ﻓ َﺘ َ‬
‫ﻮﺳ ِ‬‫ـﺎت ا ْﻟﻤ ِ‬‫آن ﺑِﺎ ْﻟﻤ َﻘﺎﻣ ِ‬ ‫ـﻦ ر ْﺷـ ِﺪي ﺳـﻮﻳ ٍﺪ‪ » ,‬ﺣ ْﻜ ِ ِ‬
‫ْـﻢ ﻗ َـﺮا َءة ا ْﻟ ُﻘ ْـﺮ ِ َ َ‬ ‫ُ ُ‬ ‫ﻠﺸ ْﻴ ِﺦِ َأ ْﻳ َﻤ َﻦ ْﺑ ِ ُ‬ ‫ﺎن « ﻟِ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎنُ ; ﻟِ ُﺤ ْﻜ ِﻢ ﻗِ َﺮا َء ِة ا ْﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ ِ‬
‫آن ا ْﻟ َﻜﺮِﻳﻢ ﺑِ ْﺎﻷَ ْﻟ َﺤ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﱢ َﻣ ْﺸ ِﻘ ﱢﻲ‪ » ,‬ا ْﻟ َﺒ َﻴ ُ‬
‫ﺎل( ﱢ‬ ‫ﺎت )ا ْﺑ ِﻦ ا ْﻟ َﻜﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ َﻛ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ُ َْ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ََ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻹ َﻣﺎ ِم ﻓﻲ‪ » :‬ﺳ َﻴﺮِ َأ ْﻋ َﻼ ِم اﻟﻨﱡ َﺒ َﻼء « )‪.(٢٢٤/١٢‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎر َأ ُﺑﻮ َﺷﺎدي‪َ ,‬و َﺗ َْﺮ َﺟ َﻤ ُﺔ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻠﺸ ْﻴ ِﺦِ َﺳ ﱢﻴﺪ ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﻣ ْﺨْ َﺘ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ا ْﻟ ُﻌ َﻠ َﻤﺎء « ﻟ ﱠ‬
 ‫‪٢٢‬‬

‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬א‪  ‬‬
‫‪‬א‪  ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪‬‬

‫ﻴﻦ‪ُ ,‬ﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ َوآﻟِ ِﻪ َو َﺻ ْﺤﺒِ ِﻪ ﱠﻄ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫‪‬‬

‫اﻟﻄ ﱢﻴﺒِ َ‬
‫ﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻼ ُم َﻋ َﻠﻰ َﺧ ْﻴﺮِ اﻟﻟﻨﱠﺒِ ﱢﻴ َ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼ ُة َو ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ َﺎﻟﻤ َ‬
‫ﻴﻦ‪َ ,‬و ﱠ‬ ‫ْاﻟ َ‬
‫ـﺤ ْﻤ ُﺪ ﷲ َر ﱢب َ‬
‫ﱠﻄ ِ‬
‫وﺑ ْﻌ ُﺪ;‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻫﺮِ َ‬
‫ﻳﻦ‪َ ,‬و َ‬
‫َﻗ ْﺪ َﺳ ِﻤ َﻊ ) ِﻣﻨﱢﻲ – َﻋ َﻠ ﱠﻲ(‪:‬‬

‫«‬ ‫‪.................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫»‬

‫ﺟﺰ ﹸﺗ ﹸﻪ ﺑﹺ ﹺﻪ ‪, ................................................................‬‬
‫ﺎز ﹺﲏ ﺑﹺ ﹶﺮ ﹶﻭ ﹶاﻳﺘﹺ ﹺﻪ ﹶﻋﻨﱢﻲ; ﹶﻓ ﹶﺄﹶﺟ ﹾ‬ ‫ﹶﻫ ﹶﺬا ﹸ‬
‫ﳉ ﹾﺰ ﹶء ‪ , ................................‬ﹶﻭ ﹾاﺳ ﹶﺘ ﹶﺠ ﹶز‬
‫اﳉ‬
‫اﳊ ﹺﺪ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻤﻌ ﹶﺘ ﹶ ﹺﱪ ﹺﻋﻨﹾ ﹶﺪ ﹶأ ﹾﻫ ﹺﻞ ﹶ‬
‫ـﺤ ﹾﻤ ﹸﺪ ﷲﹺ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺚ ﹾاﻷﹶ ﹶﺛ ﹺﺮ‪ ,‬ﹶﻭا ﹾاﻟ ﹶ‬
‫ﺚ‬ ‫ﻟﴩط ﹾاﻟ ﹸ‬
‫ـﻤ ﹾﻌ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟ ﱠ ﹾ‬

‫ـــــــﻪ;‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ـــﺘــــ ﹶـﺒ‬
‫ﹶﻭ ﹶﻛ ﹶ‬
‫«‬ ‫‪.................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫»‬

‫‪...................‬‬ ‫‪ ,‬ﺑﹺ ﹶﻤ ﹺﺪ ﻨﻳﻨﹶ ﹺﺔ‬ ‫‪...................‬‬ ‫ﹶﺣ ﱠﺮ ﹾر ﹸ ﹶﲥﺎ ﹺﰲ ﹶﻳ ﹾﻮ ﹺﻡ‬

‫ـﻤ ﹶﻮاﻓﹺ ﹸﻖ ‪١ ................. /.................. /...................‬‬
‫‪ ١٤‬ﻫـ‪٢٠ ................ / .................. /................... ,‬ﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﹾاﻟﻟ ﹸ‬
‫ـــﺘ ﹸﻢ‬
‫ــﺨ ﹾ‬‫اﻟـ ﹺ‬ ‫اﻟﺘ ﹾﻮ ﹺﻗ ﹸﻊ‬
‫ﻴــﻊ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫‪٢٣‬‬

‫‪ ‬א ‪   ‬‬

‫‪   ‬‬
‫‪١‬‬ ‫)*( ُﻣ َﻘ ﱢﺪ َﻣ ُﺔ ْاﻟ ُﺠ ْﺰ ِء‬

‫ﺤ ْﻴ ُﺢ‪ْ ,‬اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺨ َﺘ َﺼ ُﺮ‪ْ ,‬اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨَ ُﺪ‪ِ ,‬ﻣ ْﻦ ُأ ُﻣ ْﻮ ِر َر ُﺳ ْﻮ ِل اﷲِ ☺‪َ ,‬و ُﺳﻨَﻨ ِﻪ‪َ ,‬و َأ ﱠﻳ ِﺎﻣ ِﻪ «‬ ‫)‪ْ » (١‬اﻟﺠ ِﺎﻣﻊ‪ ,‬اﻟﺼ ِ‬
‫َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫‪٣‬‬ ‫ﻆ َأﺑِﻲ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﷲِ; ﻣﺤﻤ ِﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ إِﺳﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻋ ْﻴ َﻞ ْاﻟ ُﺠ ْﻌ ِﻔﻲ ْاﻟ ُﺒ َﺨ ِ‬ ‫ﺎم ْاﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ِ‬ ‫ﻟِ ِ‬
‫)‪٢٥٦−١٩٤‬ﻫـ(‬ ‫ي‬‫ﺎر ﱢ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ُ َ ﱠ ْ ْ َ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫ﻺ َﻣ ِ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﻨ ِﻦ‪ ,‬ﺑﻨَ ْﻘ ِﻞ ْاﻟ َﻌ ْﺪ ِل َﻋ ِﻦ ْاﻟ َﻌ ْﺪ ِل َﻋ ْﻦ َر ُﺳ ْﻮ ِل اﷲ ِ ☺ [ «‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼﺤ ْﻴ ُﺢ‪ْ ] ,‬اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺨ َﺘ َﺼ ُﺮ‪ ,‬ﻣ ْﻦ ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬
‫)‪ْ » (٢‬اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﻨ ُﺪ‪ ,‬ﱠ‬
‫ﻆ َأﺑِﻲ ْاﻟ ُﺤ َﺴ ْﻴ ِﻦ‪ُ ,‬ﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ِﻢ ْﺑ ِﻦ ْاﻟ َﺤ ﱠﺠ ِ‬‫ﺎم ْاﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ِ‬ ‫ﻟِ ِ‬
‫‪٥‬‬ ‫)‪ ٢٦١ −٢٠٤‬ﻫـ(‬ ‫ي‬‫ﺮي اﻟﻨﱠ ْﻴ َﺴ ُﺎﺑ ْﻮ ِر ﱢ‬
‫ﺎج ْاﻟ ُﻘ َﺸ ْﻴ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻺ َﻣ ِ َ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﻨ ُﻦ «‬
‫)‪ » (٣‬ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎم ْاﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ِ‬ ‫ﻟِ ِ‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫)‪٢٧٥−٢٠٢‬ﻫـ(‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ِﺠ ْﺴ َﺘﺎﻧ ﱢﻲ ُﺛ َﻢ َ‬
‫اﻟﺒ ْﺼﺮِ ﱢ‬ ‫ي ﱢ‬ ‫ﺎن ْﺑ ِﻦ ْاﻷَ ْﺷ َﻌﺚ ْاﻷَ ْزد ﱢ‬ ‫ﻆ َأﺑِﻲ َد ُاو َد; ُﺳ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻤ َ‬ ‫ﻺ َﻣ ِ َ‬
‫ﻮل‪َ ,‬و َﻣﺎ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻪ ْاﻟ َﻌ َﻤ ُﻞ «‬
‫واﻟﻤ ْﻌ ُﻠ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺼﺤ ْﻴ ِﺢ ْ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨَ ِﻦ َﻋ ْﻦ َر ُﺳ ْﻮ ِل اﷲ ☺ ‪َ ,‬و َﻣ ْﻌﺮِ َﻓ ُﺔ ﱠ‬ ‫)‪ْ » (٤‬اﻟ َﺠﺎﻣ ُﻊ‪ْ ,‬اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺨ َﺘ َﺼ ُﺮ‪ ,‬ﻣ ْﻦ ﱡ‬
‫‪١٠‬‬ ‫ﻆ َأﺑِﻲ ِﻋﻴﺴﻰ; ﻣﺤﻤ ِﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ ِﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺑ ِﻦ ﺳﻮر َة اﻟﺴ َﻠ ِﻤﻲ ﱢ ِ ِ‬ ‫ﺎم ْاﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ِ‬ ‫ﻟِ ِ‬
‫)‪ ٢٧٩ − ٢٠٩‬ﻫـ(‬ ‫ي‬‫اﻟﺘ ْﺮﻣﺬ ﱢ‬ ‫َْ ُ َ ﱠ ْ َْ ْ َ َْ ﱡ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻺ َﻣ ِ َ‬
‫ـﻦ ْاﻟ َﻜﺒِ ْﻴﺮِ"[ «‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻨ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫)‪ْ » (٥‬اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺠ َﺘ َﺒﻰ ]ﻣ َﻦ " ﱡ‬
‫‪١٢‬‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟﻨﱠ َﺴﺎﺋِ ﱢﻲ ْاﻟ ُﺨ َﺮ َاﺳﺎﻧِ ﱢﻲ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ْاﻟ َﻔ َﻠ ْﺴﻄِﻴﻨ ِ ﱢﻲ )‪ ٣٠٣ − ٢١٥‬ﻫـ(‬ ‫ﺣﻤ ِﻦ; َأ ْﺣ َﻤ َﺪ ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﺷ َﻌ ْﻴ ٍ‬
‫اﻟﺮ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﺎم ْاﻟ َﺤﺎﻓﻆ َأﺑِﻲ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻺ َﻣ ِ‬ ‫ﻟِ ِ‬

‫اﻟﺴ َﻨ ُﻦ «‬‫)‪ » (٦‬ﱡ‬

‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ﻟِ ِ‬
‫‪١٤‬‬ ‫)‪ ٢٧٣ − ٢٠٩‬ﻫـ(‬ ‫ﺎﺟ ْﻪ(‬‫ﺎم ْاﻟ َﺤﺎﻓﻆ َأﺑِﻲ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﷲ; ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤﺪ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻳ ِﺰ ْﻳ َﺪ ْاﻟ َﻘ ْﺰ ِو ْﻳﻨ ﱢﻲ‪ْ ) ,‬اﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ َ‬ ‫ﻺ َﻣ ِ‬
‫)‪ْ » (٧‬اﻟ ُﻤ َﻮ ﱠﻃ ُﺄ «‬
‫‪١٦‬‬ ‫)‪ ١٧٩ − ٩٣‬ﻫـ(‬ ‫ﲏ‬
‫اﻟﻤ َﺪ ﱢ‬‫اﻷﺻ ُﺒﺤ ﱢﻲ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺲ ْ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ َأﻧ ٍ‬ ‫ﻆ َأﺑِﻲ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﷲِ; َﻣﺎﻟِ ِﻚ ِ‬ ‫ﺎم ْاﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ِ‬
‫ﻺ َﻣ ِ َ‬ ‫ﻟِ ِ‬

‫)‪ْ » (٨‬اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨَ ُﺪ ] َﻋ ْﻦ َر ُﺳ ْﻮ ِل اﷲِ ☺ [ «‬

‫‪١٨‬‬ ‫ي )‪ ٢٤١−١٦٤‬ﻫـ(‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ْاﻟ َﺒ ْﻐ َﺪاد ﱢ‬‫ﺎﲏ ْاﻟ َﻤ ْﺮ َو ِز ﱢ‬ ‫ﻆ َأﺑِﻲ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﷲِ; َأ ْﺣ َﻤ َﺪ ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ِﺪ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﺣ ْﻨ َﺒ ٍﻞ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ َﺒ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺎم ْاﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ِ‬
‫ﻺ َﻣ ِ َ‬ ‫ﻟِ ِ‬

‫ﻴﺢ‪ْ ,‬اﻟ َﺠ ِﺎﻣ ُﻊ «‬ ‫ِ‬

‫اﻟﺼﺤ ُ‬ ‫)‪ْ » (٩‬اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻨَ ُﺪ‪ ,‬ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻦ ﱠ ِ‬ ‫ﻆ َأﺑِﻲ ﻣﺤﻤ ٍﺪ; ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﷲ ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ﺎم ْاﻟﺤﺎﻓِ ِ‬ ‫ﻟِ ِ‬
‫‪٢٠‬‬ ‫)‪ ٢٥٥ − ١٨١‬ﻫـ(‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ ْﺮ َﻗ ْﻨﺪ ﱢ‬
‫ي‬ ‫اﻟﺪ ِارﻣ ﱢﻲ ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ﱠ‬ ‫ُ َ ﱠ َْ‬ ‫ﻺ َﻣ ِ َ‬
‫‪٢٢‬‬ ‫ﺎز ُة‬‫اﻹ َﺟ َ‬ ‫ﺎع َو ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ ُ‬ ‫)*( ﱠ‬

‫‪٢٣‬‬ ‫)*( ﻓِ ْﻬﺮِ ُس ْاﻟ ُﺠ ْﺰ ِء‬