Predictions of the Resistance and Squat

of 14 AMECRC Series Model Hulls

L. Lazauskas, Cyberiad, leo@cyberiad.net
February 27, 2014

Summary
Predictions of the resistance and squat of the AMECRC Series of model hulls are compared to mea-
sured values. All predictions were made using Flotilla version 6.1. Consult the Monohull Manual for an
explanation of the notation used, and for instructions on how to run the validation yourself.

1 NOTES
The geometry and experimental data for the AMECRC series are described in several AMECRC reports,
e.g. [1],[2],[3]. “The parent hull of the AMECRC series has the same characteristics as the parent hull of
the MARIN High Speed Displacement Hull Form series” [3].
The performance of the AMECRC series has been reported in several papers by Doctors and his co-
workers, [4],[5],[6],[7] and the thesis by Robards [8].
Experimental values of sinkage are not available for this series, and trim measurements are only available
for a small set of hulls.
Bojovic [2] claims that the results for the M2 hull are not as reliable as others in the set.

2 GEOMETRY
Body plans of the 14 hulls are shown in Fig. 3. There are some additional lines marked on models 6 and
9: these correspond to test conditions at drafts other than 100% that are not considered in this report.
The light blue line on model 5 corresponds to the hull referred to as AMECRC 5L in the manual.

3 RESULTS
All results were calculated with Flotilla 6.1. Hulls were represented with 41 stations and 81 waterlines;
512 θ-intervals were used in the calculation of hydrodynamic integrals, and a turbulent eddy viscosity of
νt = 0.0000296m2 s−1 was used for all cases.

3.1 Resistance
The plot at the left of Fig. 1 shows that despite differences in the mathematical models, our predictions
of the wave resistance of the M1 hull are similar to those reported by Doctors [7].
The plot at the right of Fig. 1 compares our predictions of the total resistance of the M1 hull with
those of Doctors [7] and of Robards [8]. No form factors have been used in any of the predictions.
Flotilla performs quite well with this hull, as does Doctors. Robards under-predicts the total resistance at
intermediate Froude numbers.
Both the experiments and the predictions of the total resistance for the M8 hull seem unusual. Fig.
2 shows that Robards [8] also has difficulty with this stubby (L/B = 4) hull. The experiments did
not continue into the higher Froude numbers, presumably because of problems with wave-breaking and
swamping.

1
 0.05 0.24
AMECRC M1 AMECRC M1
Doctors (2007) Exp.
Present Doctors (2007)
Robards (2008)
0.20 Present
0.04

0.16
0.03
RW/∆

RT/∆
0.12

0.02
0.08

0.01
0.04

0.00 0.00
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F

Figure 1: Specific wave resistance of the AMECRC M1 hull (left) and specific total resistance (right).

0.16
AMECRC M8
Exp.
Robards (2008)
Present

0.12
RT/∆

0.08

0.04

0.00
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F

Figure 2: Specific resistance of the AMECRC M8 hull.

Resistance components of all 14 hulls are shown in Fig. 4. In general, predictions are very good for
Froude numbers below about 0.9. Flotilla tends to slight over-predict the total resistance around hump
speed (i.e. Fr ≈ 0.5).
The trim of all 14 hulls are shown in Fig. 5. Predictions are good for model 4, but only reasonable for
models 6, 9 and 14 where there is a tendency to under-predict the trim at high Froude numbers.
There are some unusual spikes in the predicted sinkage for length-based Froude numbers around Fr =
0.9 in Fig. 5 because the hulls are travelling at close to the critical depth-based Froude number.

Acknowledgements
Part of this research was supported by the Australian Institute of Sport, Rowing Australia, and CSIRO.
Thanks to Dr. Gregor Macfarlane of the Australian Maritime College for providing the geometry of the
hulls.

2
References
[1] Bojovic, Predrag., “Presentation of the AMECRC systematic series calm water testing results”, Aus-
tralian Maritime Engineering Cooperative Research Centre, July 28, 1995.

[2] Bojovic, P., “Influence of displacement and LCG variation on calm-water performance”, Australian
Maritime Engineering Cooperative Research Centre, Report AMECRC IR 96/4, 1996.

[3] Bojovic, P. and Goetz, G., “Geometry of AMECRC systematic series”, Australian Maritime Engi-
neering Cooperative Research Centre, Report AMECRC IR 96/6, 1996.

[4] Doctors, Lawrence J., Phillips, Stephen and Day, Alexander H., “Focussing the wave-wake system
of a high-speed marine ferry”, 6th Int. Conf. on Fast Sea Transportation (FAST ’06), Southampton,
England, Sept. 4–9, 2001.

[5] Doctors, Lawrence J., “Wave generation of high-speed ships”, The Australian Naval Architect, Aug.
2002.

[6] Doctors, Lawrence J., “A numerical study of the resistance of transom-stern monohulls”, 5th Int.
Conf. on High-Performance Marine Vehicles (HIPER ’06), Launceston, Tasmania, Nov. 8–10, 2006.

[7] Doctors, Lawrence J., “A numerical study of the resistance of transom-stern monohulls”, Schiffstech-
nik , Vol. 54, No. 3, 2007, pp. 134–144.

[8] Robards, Simon William, “The hydrodynamics of high-speed transom-stern vessels”, M. Engineering
thesis, The University of New South Wales, Nov. 2008.

Hull L L/B B/T C∇ CB CM CP CVP CWP S/L2

(m)
M1 1.60 8.00 4.00 8.67 0.393 0.622 0.616 0.497 0.790 0.119
M2 1.60 6.52 3.39 7.10 0.403 0.621 0.627 0.505 0.799 0.157
M3 1.61 8.06 2.50 7.16 0.443 0.702 0.616 0.562 0.789 0.142
M4 1.60 8.00 4.00 8.32 0.444 0.702 0.617 0.562 0.789 0.119
M5 1.60 4.00 4.00 5.46 0.392 0.622 0.616 0.497 0.790 0.241
M6 1.62 8.11 2.50 7.48 0.392 0.625 0.616 0.496 0.791 0.138
M7 1.61 4.03 2.50 4.70 0.392 0.622 0.615 0.496 0.789 0.278
M8 1.61 4.03 2.50 4.35 0.495 0.786 0.615 0.629 0.787 0.292
M9 1.60 8.00 2.50 6.87 0.495 0.786 0.615 0.629 0.787 0.146
M10 1.61 8.07 4.00 8.07 0.495 0.786 0.615 0.629 0.787 0.121
M11 1.61 4.03 4.00 5.08 0.495 0.786 0.615 0.629 0.787 0.244
M12 1.61 8.06 3.25 7.53 0.494 0.786 0.615 0.628 0.787 0.129
M13 1.61 6.05 3.25 6.44 0.446 0.707 0.615 0.565 0.789 0.170
M14 1.60 6.00 4.00 6.63 0.495 0.786 0.616 0.629 0.787 0.164

Table 1: Principal geometric particulars of AMECRC model hulls.

3
AMECRC 1 AMECRC 2 AMECRC 3

AMECRC 4 AMECRC 5 AMECRC 6

AMECRC 7 AMECRC 8 AMECRC 9

AMECRC 10 AMECRC 11 AMECRC 12

AMECRC 13 AMECRC 14

Figure 3: Body plans of the AMECRC series hulls.

4
 0.24 0.20 0.20
AMECRC M1 AMECRC M2 AMECRC M3
Exp. Exp. Exp.
Wave Wave Wave
Hollow Hollow Hollow
0.20 Friction Friction Friction
Form 0.16 Form 0.16 Form
Splash Splash Splash
Total Total Total
0.16
0.12 0.12
R/∆

R/∆

R/∆
0.12

0.08 0.08
0.08

0.04 0.04
0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.20 0.20 0.20

AMECRC M4 AMECRC M5 AMECRC M6
Exp. Exp. Exp.
Wave Wave Wave
Hollow Hollow Hollow
Friction Friction Friction
0.16 Form 0.16 Form 0.16 Form
Splash Splash Splash
Total Total Total

0.12 0.12 0.12

R/∆

R/∆

R/∆
0.08 0.08 0.08

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.20 0.16 0.16

AMECRC M7 AMECRC M8 AMECRC M9
Exp. Exp. Exp. May 95
Wave Wave Exp. Nov 95
Hollow Hollow Wave
Friction Friction Hollow
0.16 Form Form Friction
Splash 0.12 Splash 0.12 Form
Total Total Splash
Total
0.12
R/∆

R/∆

R/∆
0.08 0.08

0.08

0.04 0.04
0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.20 0.20 0.20

AMECRC M10 AMECRC M11 AMECRC M12
Exp. Exp. Exp.
Wave Wave Wave
Hollow Hollow Hollow
Friction Friction Friction
0.16 Form 0.16 Form 0.16 Form
Splash Splash Splash
Total Total Total

0.12 0.12 0.12

R/∆

R/∆

R/∆

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.16 0.20
AMECRC M13 AMECRC M14
Exp. Exp. ADI
Wave Exp. NES
Hollow Wave
Friction Hollow
Form 0.16 Friction
0.12 Splash Form
Total Splash
Total
0.12
R/∆

R/∆

0.08

0.08

0.04
0.04

0.00 0.00
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F

Figure 4: Specific resistance of AMECRC model hulls.

5
 2.5 3.0 3.0
AMECRC M1 AMECRC M2 AMECRC M3
Pred. Pred. Pred.
2.5 2.5
2.0
Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

2.0 2.0
1.5

1.5 1.5
1.0
1.0 1.0

0.5
0.5 0.5

0.0
0.0 0.0

-0.5 -0.5 -0.5

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

2.5 8 2.5
AMECRC M4 AMECRC M5 AMECRC M6
Exp. Pred. Exp.
Pred. Pred.
2.0 2.0
6
Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

1.5 1.5

4
1.0 1.0

0.5 2 0.5

0.0 0.0
0

-0.5 -0.5
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

8.0 8.0 3.0

AMECRC M7 AMECRC M8 AMECRC M9
Pred. Pred. Exp. May 95
Exp. Nov 95
2.5 Pred.

6.0 6.0
Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

2.0

1.5
4.0 4.0

1.0

2.0 2.0 0.5

0.0

0.0 0.0
-0.5
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

3.0 8.0 3.0

AMECRC M10 AMECRC M11 AMECRC M12
Pred. Pred. Pred.
2.5 2.5

6.0
Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

2.0 2.0

1.5 1.5
4.0

1.0 1.0

0.5 2.0 0.5

0.0 0.0

0.0
-0.5 -0.5
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

4.0 3.5
AMECRC M13 AMECRC M14
Pred. Exp. ADI 1995
3.0 Exp. ADI 1995
Pred.

3.0
2.5
Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

Trim (degrees: positive bow up)

2.0
2.0
1.5

1.0
1.0

0.5

0.0 0.0

-0.5
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F

Figure 5: Trim of AMECRC model hulls: positive bow up.

6
 0.008 0.012 0.008
AMECRC M1 AMECRC M2 AMECRC M3
Pred. Pred. Pred.
0.006

0.008
0.004 0.004
σ/L (negative increases draft)

σ/L (negative increases draft)

σ/L (negative increases draft)

0.002
0.004

0.000 0.000

0.000
-0.002

-0.004 -0.004
-0.004

-0.006

-0.008 -0.008 -0.008

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.008 0.020 0.008

AMECRC M4 AMECRC M5 AMECRC M6
Pred. Pred. Pred.
0.016

0.004 0.004
0.012
σ/L (negative increases draft)

σ/L (negative increases draft)

σ/L (negative increases draft)

0.008
0.000 0.000
0.004

0.000
-0.004 -0.004

-0.004

-0.008 -0.008 -0.008

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.032 0.032 0.012

AMECRC M7 AMECRC M8 AMECRC M9
Pred. Pred. Pred.
0.028 0.028

0.024 0.024 0.008

σ/L (negative increases draft)

σ/L (negative increases draft)

σ/L (negative increases draft)

0.020 0.020

0.016 0.016 0.004

0.012 0.012

0.008 0.008 0.000

0.004 0.004

0.000 0.000 -0.004

-0.004 -0.004

-0.008 -0.008 -0.008

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.008 0.024 0.008

AMECRC M10 AMECRC M11 AMECRC M12
Pred. Pred. Pred.
0.020

0.004 0.016 0.004

σ/L (negative increases draft)

σ/L (negative increases draft)

σ/L (negative increases draft)

0.012

0.000 0.008 0.000

0.004

-0.004 0.000 -0.004

-0.004

-0.008 -0.008 -0.008

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.012 0.012
AMECRC M13 AMECRC M14
Pred. Pred.

0.008 0.008
σ/L (negative increases draft)

σ/L (negative increases draft)

0.004 0.004

0.000 0.000

-0.004 -0.004

-0.008 -0.008
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F

Figure 6: Midship sinkage of AMECRC model hulls: negative increases draft.