VIVEKANAND POLYTECHNIC SITASAONGI

PROJECT REPORT

On

“ARTIFICAL VENTILATION IN MINES”

Submitted in partial fulfillment requirement for the award of diploma in Mining

and Mining servey.

SUBMITTED BY:

1.Tushar Mate

2.Monish Kukde

Under the Guidance of:-

PRO.H.Netam

(Lecturer. OF MS DEPT)

VIVEKANAND POLYTECHNIC SITASAONGI

CERTIFICATE

This is certify that 1. Tushar Mate

2.Monish Kukade

The student of second year Mining and Mining servey engineering department has satisfactory
completed their project report on entitled “ ARTIFICAL VENTILATION IN MINES” toward the partial
fulfillment of the award of second year Mining and Mining servey engineering as laid down by the
MUMBAI during academic year 20232024.
Guided By.

PRO.H.Netam

CONTENT :-

1. Introduction to artificial ventilation. 2. Types of artificial ventilation . 3. Centrifugal Fan. 4. Axial Fan 5.
Exaust Fan 6. Booster Fan 7. Auxiliary Fan 8. Conclusion

INTRODUCTION:

Artificial Ventilation in Mines.

Artificial ventilation in mines refers to the process of supplying fresh air to underground mine workings
using mechanical means. This is typically done using large fans or blowers that are designed to move
large volumes of air through the mine. The purpose of artificial ventilation is to provide a safe and
comfortable working environment for miners, as well as to prevent the buildup of harmful gases and
dust.
There are two main types of artificial ventilation used in mines: forced ventilation and natural
ventilation. Forced ventilation involves the use of mechanical equipment such as fans or blowers to
move air through the mine, while natural ventilation relies on natural air currents to ventilate the mine.

Forced ventilation is the most common type of artificial ventilation used in modern mines. Fans or
blowers are installed at various points throughout the mine, and these are used to move air through the
workings. The air is usually drawn in from the surface through intake shafts or adits, and is then forced
through the mine by the fans. The exhaust air is usually released through exhaust shafts or raises.

Natural ventilation, on the other hand, relies on the natural movement of air through the mine. This is
typically done by creating openings in the mine workings, such as shafts or adits, which allow air to flow
through the mine. The movement of air is driven by differences in temperature and pressure between
different parts of the mine and the surface.

TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION :

There are two main types of artificial ventilation:

Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: This involves the insertion of an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy
tube into the patient’s airway to provide mechanical ventilation. This type of ventilation is typically used
for patients who are critically ill or require long-term ventilation.

Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: This type of ventilation involves the use of a mask or nasal prongs
to deliver positive pressure ventilation to the patient’s airways. Non-invasive ventilation is often used to
treat patients with respiratory distress, sleep apnea, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Centrifugal Fan : Centrifugal fans, also known as blowers or squirrel cage fans, are a type of mechanical
fan used to move air or gas. Here are six key points about centrifugal fans:
1. Centrifugal fans work by creating a pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the fan, which
causes air or gas to flow through the fan blades.

2. Unlike axial fans, which move air in a straight line, centrifugal fans move air perpendicular to the fan
blades.

3. Centrifugal fans are typically more efficient than axial fans and can generate higher pressures and
volumes of air.

4. They are commonly used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, as well as
industrial applications such as material handling and combustion air supply.

5. Centrifugal fans can be classified into several types based on their design, including forward-curved,
backward-curved, and radial fans. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages and is selected
based on the specific application.

6. Maintenance of centrifugal fans is important to ensure proper operation and prolong their lifespan.
Regular cleaning and lubrication of bearings, inspection of belts and pulleys, and replacement of worn
parts are necessary to prevent failures and downtime.

AXIAL FAN :

1. Axial fans are commonly used for low pressure and high volume flow applications, such as ventilation
and air conditioning systems.

2. Axial fans operate by creating a flow of air parallel to the fan’s axis of rotation, with the air flowing in
a straight line through the fan.

3. The blades of an axial fan are typically designed to have a wide chord and a low angle of attack, which
helps to maximize the amount of air that can be moved by the fan.
4. Axial fans are available in a wide range of sizes, from small portable units to large industrial systems
that can move thousands of cubic feet of air per minute.

5. Axial fans can be powered by a variety of sources, including electric motors, diesel engines, and
hydraulic systems.

6. Proper installation and maintenance are important for ensuring the optimal performance and
longevity of axial fans, including regular cleaning, lubrication, and inspection of the blades and bearings.

7. Diagram

Exaust Fan :

1. An exhaust fan is a mechanical device used to remove stale, moist or contaminated air from a room or
building.

2. They work by creating negative air pressure, which draws out the air through vents or ducts and
replaces it with fresh outdoor air.

3. Exhaust fans are commonly used in areas such as kitchens, bathrooms, laundry rooms, and
commercial buildings to prevent the buildup of humidity, smoke, and unwanted odors.

4. They can be mounted on walls, ceilings, or placed in ducts, and come in different sizes and types to
suit specific applications.

5. Some exhaust fans have additional features like timers, humidity sensors, and automatic shutoffs to
enhance their performance and energy efficiency.
6. Proper installation and maintenance of exhaust fans are crucial to ensure optimal performance and
prolong their lifespan. Regular cleaning of the fan blades, grilles, and ducts can help prevent the
accumulation of dirt and debris, which can impede the fan’s operation.

7. Diagram

Booster Fan :

1. A booster fan is a type of fan that is designed to increase the flow of air or gas through a system by
overcoming resistance caused by ductwork, filters, or other components.

2. Booster fans are commonly used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to
improve air circulation and balance the distribution of air throughout a building.

3. They can be installed in a variety of locations within the HVAC system, such as in-line with ductwork
or at the end of a branch duct, to provide a targeted boost to air flow.

4. Booster fans come in various sizes and shapes, ranging from small units that can be mounted directly
onto a register or grille to larger units that

can handle high volumes of air and require professional installation.

5. Some booster fans are equipped with adjustable speed controls or thermostats that can be
programmed to turn on and off automatically, depending on the temperature or air flow requirements
of the system.

6. While booster fans can be an effective way to improve air flow and comfort in a building, they can
also increase energy consumption and noise levels, so it’s important to carefully consider their use and
placement within the HVAC system.
7. Diagram

Auxiliary Fan :

1. An auxiliary fan is a type of fan used in various industrial and commercial settings to improve airflow
and ventilation. 2. These fans are typically smaller and less powerful than main fans, and are often used
in conjunction with larger systems to provide additional airflow in targeted areas. 3. Auxiliary fans can
be used for a variety of purposes, including cooling equipment, reducing moisture levels, and improving
indoor air quality. 4. These fans can be installed in a variety of settings, including factories, warehouses,
hospitals, and offices. 5. Auxiliary fans are often designed to be energyefficient, with features such as
variable speed controls and automatic shut-off mechanisms to help reduce power consumption.

6. In some cases, auxiliary fans may also be equipped with filters or other air purification devices to
improve indoor air quality by removing pollutants and allergens from the air.

7. Diagram

CONCLUSION :

In conclusion, artificial ventilation is an essential technology used in various industries to ensure that the
air quality is maintained at an acceptable level. We have covered the different types of artificial
ventilation, including centrifugal, axial, exhaust, booster, and auxiliary fans. Each type has its unique
features and benefits, making it suitable for specific applications.

The selection of the appropriate fan type depends on the specific requirements of the application, such
as the airflow rate, pressure, and efficiency. It is essential to choose the right fan to achieve optimal
ventilation and energy efficiency.

Overall, understanding the different types of artificial ventilation and their applications is crucial in
ensuring that the air quality in various industries is maintained at a safe and healthy level. With the right
fan type and proper maintenance, artificial ventilation systems can provide reliable and efficient
performance for years to come