Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information

Candidate surname Other names

Pearson Edexcel Centre Number Candidate Number

Mock - 3
International
Advanced Level

Time 1 hour 45 minutes

Paper
reference WCH14/01
Chemistry
International Advanced Level
UNIT 4: Rates, Equilibria and Further Organic
Chemistry

You must have: Total Marks

Scientific calculator, Data Booklet, ruler

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• Show all your working in calculations and include units where appropriate.
Information
• The total mark for this paper is 90.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• structure
In the question marked with an asterisk (*), marks will be awarded for your ability to
your answer logically, showing how the points that you make are related or
follow on from each other where appropriate.
• A Periodic Table is printed on the back cover of this paper.

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
• Good luck with your examination.
Turn over

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SECTION A

Answer ALL the questions in this section.

You should aim to spend no more than 20 minutes on this section.

For each question, select one answer from A to D and put a cross in the box .
If you change your mind, put a line through the box and then mark
your new answer with a cross .
1 Which of these gases would have the greatest standard molar entropy?

A NH3

B H2

C N2

D SO2

(Total for Question 1 = 1 mark)

2 What is the standard entropy change of the system, in J K–1 mol–1, for the reaction
between nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia?
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

Standard molar entropy / J K–1 mol–1

H2 130.6

N2 191.6

NH3 192.3

A –198.8

B –129.9

C +129.9

D +198.8

(Total for Question 2 = 1 mark)

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3 The enthalpy change of solution of sodium sulfate, Na2SO4 , may be calculated using
three pieces of data. Which of these pieces of data is not required?

A lattice energy of Na2SO4

B enthalpy change of hydration of Na+

C enthalpy change of formation of Na2SO4

D enthalpy change of hydration of SO42–

(Total for Question 3 = 1 mark)

Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit.

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4 A graph of pH against volume of acid added for an acid-base titration is shown.

14
12
10

pH 8
6
4
2

Volume of acid added

(a) Which acidic solution was used in the titration?

(1)

A 0.1 mol dm–3 CH3COOH

B 1.0 mol dm–3 CH3COOH

C 0.1 mol dm–3 HCl

D 1.0 mol dm–3 HCl

(b) Which basic solution was used in the titration?
(1)
A NH3
B LiOH

C Ba(OH)2

D NaOH

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(c) A student suggested five indicators that might be used in this titration:
thymol blue
methyl orange
bromophenol blue
bromocresol green
phenolphthalein
How many of these indicators would be suitable? Use your Data Booklet.
(1)
A 5

B 4

C 3

D 2

(Total for Question 4 = 3 marks)

5 The halogenoalkane 2-bromo-2-methylbutane was hydrolysed with

sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH(aq).
Which suggestion about the mechanism of this reaction is correct?

Type of mechanism Number of steps in mechanism

A SN2 one

B SN2 two

C SN1 one

D SN1 two

(Total for Question 5 = 1 mark)

Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit.

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6 Nitrogen monoxide and hydrogen react together to form nitrogen and water.
2NO + 2H2 → N2 + 2H2O
The steps in the mechanism of the reaction are
Step 1 2NO ⇌ N2O2 fast
Step 2 N2O2 + H2 → N2O + H2O slow
Step 3 N2O + H2 → N2 + H2O fast
Which statement about the reaction is correct?

A Step 3 is the rate determining step and the overall order is 2

B Step 3 is the rate determining step and the overall order is 4

C Step 2 is the rate determining step and the overall order is 2

D Step 2 is the rate determining step and the overall order is 3

(Total for Question 6 = 1 mark)

7 The Arrhenius equation can be shown as

Ea 1
In k = – × + constant
R T

A graph is plotted of ln k against 1/T for a reaction.

The activation energy, Ea , of this reaction equals

A – gradient ÷ R
B + gradient ÷ R

C – gradient × R

D + gradient × R

(Total for Question 7 = 1 mark)

Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit.

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8 The compound menthol has the structure shown.

Some of the carbon atoms are labelled P, Q, R and S.

P
menthol
Q
R OH
S

(a) What is the number of chiral centres in a molecule of menthol?

(1)
A 1

B 2

C 3
D 4
(b) Which of the carbon atoms is responsible for a peak at 72 ppm in the
13
C NMR spectrum of menthol?
(1)
A P

B Q

C R
D S

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(c) Four groups of students warmed samples of menthol with sodium dichromate(VI)
in acid. They purified the reaction mixture and carried out a series of qualitative
tests on the organic product.
The findings of each group in the class are shown in the table.

menthol

OH

Qualitative test

Add Warm with Add

Group
2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine Fehling’s solution PCl5

One ü  ü

Two ü  

Three ü ü 

Four   ü

A tick (ü) shows a positive result, a cross () shows a negative result.
Which group recorded the results you would expect?
(1)

A One

B Two

C Three

D Four

(Total for Question 8 = 3 marks)

Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit.

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9 The substance known as PHBV is a biodegradable polymer formed from

3-hydroxybutanoic acid and 3-hydroxypentanoic acid.
OH O OH O

OH OH
3-hydroxybutanoic acid 3-hydroxypentanoic acid

(a) Which of these is the repeat unit of the polymer?

(1)

A O O O

O O

B O O

O O

C O O

O O

D O O

O
O O

(b) What reaction occurs when PHBV biodegrades to its monomers?

(1)
A condensation

B hydrolysis

C hydration

D hydrogenation

(Total for Question 9 = 2 marks)

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10 Which reagent reacts at room temperature with methylamine, CH3NH2, to form the
compound N-methylethanamide?

A CH3COCH3

B CH3COOH

C CH3COOCH3

D CH3COCl

(Total for Question 10 = 1 mark)

11 This question is about chromatography.

(a) A spot caused by an amino acid has moved 42 mm from the baseline of a
paper chromatogram.
The Rf value for the amino acid under these conditions is 0.62.
What is the distance moved by the solvent?
(1)
A 680 mm

B 68 mm

C 42 mm

D 26 mm
(b) In gas chromatography, GC, which of these would be the most suitable
carrier gas?
(1)
A argon

B hydrogen

C methane

D oxygen

(Total for Question 11 = 2 marks)

Use this space for any rough working. Anything you write in this space will gain no credit.

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12 The high resolution mass spectrum of a compound X has a molecular ion peak at
m / z = 44.0632. Accurate relative atomic masses are given in the table.

Element Relative atomic mass

Hydrogen 1.0079

Carbon 12.0000

Oxygen 15.9949

Which of these compounds, with a relative molecular mass of 44, gives rise to
this peak?

A O
H
H
C
C H

B H

C OH
H C

C H
H H
H H
C
C C
H

H H

D O C O

(Total for Question 12 = 1 mark)

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13 How many optical isomers does this molecule have?

Br OH

Cl

A 2

B 3

C 6

D 8

(Total for Question 13 = 1 mark)

14 Which of these structures is not identical to the others?

OH H3C OH OH
Cl CH2CH3
C C C C
Cl CH2CH3 Cl CH2CH3 H3CH2C Cl
CH3 OH CH3 H3C
Structure A Structure B Structure C Structure D

A Structure A

B Structure B

C Structure C

D Structure D

(Total for Question 14 = 1 mark)

TOTAL FOR SECTION A = 20 MARKS

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BLANK PAGE

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SECTION B
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
16 Compound X is used by mammals as an alternative energy source to sugars.
15
X is a compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.
(a) Complete combustion of a 2.50 g sample of X in dry oxygen produced
4.31 g of carbon dioxide and 1.32 g of water as the only products.
(i) Give a reason why the oxygen used must be dry.
(1)

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(ii) Show that the empirical formula of X is C4H6O3 . You must show your working.
(5)

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(b) Compound X gave an orange precipitate with Brady’s reagent

(2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine) but no reaction with Tollens’ reagent.
When X was added to a solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, effervescence
occurred and the gas evolved turned limewater cloudy.
The carbon-13 NMR spectrum of X had only four peaks.
Deduce the two possible structures of X, showing how this information
(i)
supports your answer.
(6)

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Give a chemical test which would allow you to distinguish between the two
(ii)
compounds you have given in (b)(i). Include the reagents required and the
result for each of the compounds.
(3)

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(c) A simplified high resolution proton (1H) NMR spectrum of compound X is shown.

12 10 8 6 4 2 0
δ / ppm
Explain how the number of peaks in the 1H NMR spectrum, together with their
relative heights, their chemical shifts and their splitting patterns, may be used to
confirm the structure of X. Use the chemical shifts given in your Data Booklet.
(5)

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(Total for Question 15

16 = 20 marks)

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17 The decomposition of benzenediazonium chloride is a first order reaction.
16

C6H5N2Cl + H2O → C6H5OH + N2 + HCl

The activation energy of this reaction was determined by measuring the rate constant
at various temperatures.
(a) In an experiment at 333 K, the concentration of a sample of
benzenediazonium chloride was measured at various times during its
decomposition. The results of this experiment are shown.

Time / s [C6H5N2Cl] / mol dm−3

0.0 0.500

40.0 0.410

100 0.285

200 0.165

280 0.100

350 0.070

400 0.050

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(i) Plot a graph of concentration of benzenediazonium chloride against time.

(3)

(ii) Determine a value for the half-life, t½ , of this reaction.

You must show your working on the graph.
(1)

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(iii) Calculate the rate constant, k, for the reaction at 333 K.
Include units in your answer.
Use the expression ln 2 = kt½
(2)

(b) The experiment described in (a) was repeated for five temperatures and the data
used to plot a graph for the Arrhenius equation in the form

Ea 1
ln k = − × + constant
R T
1/T / K−1
0.0029 0.0030 0.0031 0.0032 0.0033 0.0034 0.0035
0

−2

−4

−6
ln k
−8

−10

−12

−14

(i) Use the rate constant that you have calculated in (a)(iii) to obtain data for a
point on the graph for 333 K.
(2)

18
*P67130A01828*
20 


(ii) Plot your data from (b)(i) on the graph.

(1)

(iii) Determine the gradient of the graph by drawing a best-fit line.

Include a sign and units in your answer.
(3)

(iv) Use the gradient determined in (b)(iii) to calculate the activation energy for
the decomposition of benzenediazonium chloride.
Include a sign and units with your answer.
(3)

(Total for Question 16

17 = 15 marks)

19
 *P67130A01928*
21 Turn over

*18
17 The hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes by alkali is a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

RX + OH− → ROH + X−

The mechanism of this reaction for primary halogenoalkanes is different from the
mechanism for tertiary halogenoalkanes.
Describe how knowledge of the rate equations for the hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes
provides evidence for the mechanisms of these reactions.
Curly arrow mechanisms are not required.
(6)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20
*P67130A02028*
22 


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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(Total for Question 18

17 = 6 marks)

21
 *P67130A02128*
23 Turn over

19 Ethanol may be manufactured by the hydration of ethene.
18

C2H4(g) + H2O(g)  C2H5OH(g)              ∆H  = −45.3 kJ mol−1

(a) In a laboratory investigation of this reaction, 1.00 mol of ethene was mixed with
1.00 mol of steam at 150 °C. At equilibrium, when the total pressure of the system
was 50.0 atm, 0.450 mol of ethanol had formed.
(i) Give the expression for the equilibrium constant, Kp , for the reaction.
(1)

(ii) Calculate the equilibrium constant, Kp , for the hydration of ethene at 150 °C.
Include units with your answer.
(5)

22
*P67130A02228*
24 


(b) The manufacture of ethanol is carried out at 230 °C and 70 atm; the overall
conversion into ethanol is 95 % .
Comment on these conditions in relation to their effect on the equilibrium and
the overall yield of ethanol.
(3)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 19

18 = 9 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 50 MARKS

23
 *P67130A02328*
25 Turn over

SECTION C
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
20 Sodium hydrogensulfate is a widely used acid, with applications that include
19
removing limescale and as a food additive. Sodium hydrogensulfate is a weak acid
because of the presence of the hydrogensulfate ion, HSO4− .
(a) (i) Write the equation for the dissociation of the hydrogensulfate ion in
aqueous solution. State symbols are not required.
(1)

(ii) A solution of sodium hydrogensulfate has pH = 1.13

Calculate the concentration of this solution, in g dm−3.
[pKa of HSO4− = 1.92]
(5)

24
*P67130A02428*
26 


(iii) State the assumptions you have used in (a)(ii).

(2)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) A solution containing sodium hydrogensulfate and sodium sulfate is a buffer that
is used to preserve urine for steroid analysis.
(i) State what is meant by the term buffer.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Calculate the pH of the buffer prepared by dissolving 0.750 mol of

sodium hydrogensulfate and 0.500 mol of sodium sulfate in distilled water to
make 1.00 dm3 of solution.
(3)

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(iii) Separate samples of 0.00500 mol of hydrochloric acid are added to 1.00 dm3
of distilled water and to the buffer in (b)(ii).
Calculate the pH changes that result in each case.
Assume that the volumes remain constant at 1.00 dm3 .
(4)

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(c) The titration curve obtained from the addition of sodium hydroxide solution to a
weak acid is shown. The equivalence point (E) of this titration occurred at pH = 8

pH E

Volume of NaOH / cm3
Explain the observations that would be made if methyl orange (pKIn = 3.7) were
used as the indicator for this titration.
(3)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 19

20 = 20 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION C = 20 MARKS

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 90 MARKS

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*P67130A02828*
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