Chem 115, Winter 2022

March 9, 2022, In Person Content

Module 5A: Buffers
Q3: Sketch a titration curve for the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.250 M HNO2 (nitrous acid) with
1.00 M NaOH. (Ka= 4.0 x 10-4)

a) What is initial pH? DID on Monday – pH = 2.00 (Do full ICE Table for weak acid by itself)
Module 5A: Buffers
Q3: Sketch a titration curve for the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.250 M HNO2 (nitrous acid) with
1.00 M NaOH. (Ka= 4.0 x 10-4)

b) What is the pH after 10.0 mL of NaOH has been added to this solution?

Did on Monday – NaOH limiting reagent on reaction with HNO2, leaving HNO2 and NO2- left
in solution – which makes a buffer. Use H-H buffer equation with new concentrations of
these species to get final pH of 4.0.
Module 5A: Buffers
Q3: Sketch a titration curve for the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.250 M HNO2 (nitrous acid) with
1.00 M NaOH. (Ka= 4.0 x 10-4)

c) How much total NaOH is needed to get us to the equivalence point? At that point, what
would the pH of the solution be?

On Monday noted that at end of this reaction, when 12.5 mL of NaOH total has been
added, we have a solution that only contains NaNO2.

But, this is a weak base (conj. Base of HNO2) and thus pH must be >7 at equivalence point.

Haven’t done calculation for exact pH yet.

Module 5A: Buffers
Q3: Sketch a titration curve for the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.250 M HNO2 (nitrous acid) with
1.00 M NaOH. (Ka= 4.0 x 10-4)

c) How much total NaOH is needed to get us to the equivalence point? At that point, what
would the pH of the solution be?
Module 5A: Buffers
Q3: Sketch a titration curve for the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.250 M HNO2 (nitrous acid) with
1.00 M NaOH. (Ka= 4.0 x 10-4)

d) Oops. We overshot the equivalence point and added a total of 20.0 mL of NaOH. What’s
the pH of this solution?
Module 5A: Buffers
Q3: Sketch a titration curve for the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.250 M HNO2 (nitrous acid) with
1.00 M NaOH. (Ka= 4.0 x 10-4)

e) Oh, yeah, the sketch..

Module 5A: Buffers
OLD Final Q: Q4. Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

A. A buffer is an aqueous solution composed of a strong base and a strong acid.

B. A buffer can react with an unlimited amount of acid or base.
C. A buffer does not change pH at all when strong acid or base is added.
D. A buffer can be made by titrating a weak base with a strong acid.
E. None of these statements are true
Module 5A: Buffers
Old final Q: Q5. If 20.0 mL of 0.42 M acetic acid is added to 10.0 mL of 0.42 M sodium
acetate, what is the pH of the resulting solution (Given Ka = 1.8 x 10-5)

A. 4.74
B. 5.04
C. 7
D. 4.44
E. 4.5
Module 5A: Buffers
Another old Final Q: Q6: Which of the following solutions would NOT result in a buffer?
A.50.0 mL of 0.200 M NH3 mixed with 30.0 mL of 0.250 M NaOH

B.50.0 mL of 0.250 M NH4Cl mixed with 30.0 mL of 0.200 M NaOH

C.50.0 mL of 0.200 M NH3 mixed with 30.0 mL of 0.250 M NH4Cl

D.50.0 mL of 0.200 M NH3 mixed with 10.0 mL of 0.250 M HCl

E. 50.0 mL of 0.200 M NaHCO3 mixed with 20.0 mL of 0.150 M Na2CO3

Module 5B: Solubilty
Q7. a) What is the Molar Solubility of Mercury (II) iodide, HgI2. Given, Ksp = 2.9 x 10-29
Module 5B: Ksp
Q7. a) What is the Molar Solubility of Mercury (II) iodide, HgI2. Given, Ksp = 2.9 x 10-29

b) If 0.100 M of KI is added to a solution of HgI2 at equilibrium, what would the new

solubility of HgI2 be?
Module 5B: Ksp
Q8. A solution contains 0.036 M Cu(II) and 0.044 M Fe(II). Another solution containing
sulfide ions is added to selectively precipitate one of the metal ions from solution.
Given Ksp (CuS) = 1.3 x 10-36, and Ksp (FeS) = 6.3 x 10-18

A) At what concentration of sulfide (in M) will a precipitate start to form?

Module 5B: Ksp
Q8. A solution contains 0.036 M Cu(II) and 0.044 M Fe(II). Another solution containing
sulfide ions is added to selectively precipitate one of the metal ions from solution.
Given Ksp (CuS) = 1.3 x 10-36, and Ksp (FeS) = 6.3 x 10-18

B) At what concentration of sulfide (in M) will the second sulfide species start to form?

C) What percentage of Cu is removed from the solution at this point (as CuS)?
Module 5B: Ksp
Q9. The Molar Solubility of AgCl can be reduced by the addition of:

A. KNO3
B. KCl
C. NH3
D. H2O
E. HNO3