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    Idioms Grammar

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    26 views25 pages

    English Idioms

    Uploaded by

    Asad Khokhar
    Idioms Grammar

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    7 In the poem "It—" a father advises his son how to become an ideal man, He sets the standards for his son and gives ‘goal to achieve. The poem deals with ife's challenges and how to deal with them, _The poet advises his son to be confident about his decisions and then takes responsibilty for his choices. Ifothers who Groans. inat responsibilty react negatively, he should be patient with them. He tells his son that is good to dream but notte ‘Greams control his life. Itis good to think, but thinking alone is not enough. He should put his thoughts into action. He wil {riumphs and disasters in his life, but he should not take them seriously because they are not the substance of lfe: they are Srtames. The post counsels his son that he should not be afraid to take risks. ifhe loses everything; he should no tak abeu'p ‘and he should just start all over again at the beginning. If he is tired and feels that he cannot continue, he should persevere anj_ ush through it | Finally, the poet advises his son that he should talk to large groups of people but should not allow them to influence hs bet inwhat is right, wrong, moral, or immoral. He says that he should walk with men of power and influence but should not forget he ‘common man and his needs. He tells him that people can depend on him, but he should not allow them to become too depender ‘on him. He should live every single minute of his life to the fullest. He says that if he does these things, the word is his, and he will be a good man. im | Aas Tees ng cena he aymang eet De PT ry a re tc ed are en cla Ta vin cig gu et eS Faure ak cap wih age and sack cok ck wa wed he same xs ook awa ra a fo ate ole he ys an owas Be "Ans Theil earn Before the Boys was suv anette Home. Ti oad Sina on he tp oe moun ‘TE How is Ralph think they would be rescued? a ‘Ams Rap oe wuldberecndy Parnas Re ignl oe op oe Teta Ope aa he signal and ee them. ofthe smoke the passerby ship wl ateswareb peda Be corche mace ae eae “ns Raph mde conch rue Onion eon wil speak ata ine, He made are oro wala Oe ma aE riety z Flies ar describe the role of hallucinations scene from ‘Lord of th mr Eihabsig v Sinoh es eis bed on ak he Cor of te Fes aD Be ay Palsaton Sion comes o know that hee so bes on th land evi whichis rote in he hears fe BE Whatis te signification of the tle Lord ofthe les’? SSSR 23 What happenes tothe conch and Piggy and what does ts suggest? Saag Py were aed Wome or Bre arabe oy mad haTon is va co Senructive ‘Zio How are the boys rescued atthe eng? Re ae A Seer ene Ny rg De JG Tie aT TS hos apa got signal nd rescued them, ‘Gis How were Ralpis prriies diferent rom Jacks? 2 ef emer ys pried i clind wal pees Tak ans ONY SSP SST all distor ofthe worl. Tie prone are diferent rom cach eles ‘ G2 What doos Simon representin the novel? eS Sironay ns snes ad Kind of mts pil Dan goods Wat 6 Tce) SonneaeT WS TESTS of human {G13 Compare and conirast the characters of Ralph and gay. Ae Rae FOR Si tn od lakes od king an deb sar Woy" a Toy Ing SUTTONS tant Pass shore hn Rah Hess fr atin anasto wear gles ewan niga andcen ese G14 “Wat s the purpose ofthe introduction of the mockchunts in The novel? eae TS et Colin's purpose hind he mock to display the degradation of Ragan ea WAT TOPO SSSR Oe aly Oks a nts og alona ihe Geach by» fat Rock. We Runt ad fost and hav tooo ecpaniogy B® Come and see us, Perhaps wil let you join perhaps not Whose words nev heec ona eet eccasion certo ie page a Oe ss wor oe ocasion Wich Ralph and Tek ws pRNCT Ta RSS oder aon is group. O16 wn ate is Poulder and catered ahs ar ike an ape” Explain Wis HaloneoV WGN GOSS with reference ~ the context. I once aa ack, he agonist Of he wove Ths sows Ta Tad ay TOCGNdSd OT SUNS CTE Powerful but he has no human sense of right or wrong He simply wontspene jominant s sia Bal ‘yim othe cla — gee Me Fe reo rn Ge hf i neh Mh of nr a wat bea Fe sepa sete of th following chal oy reat he charter oF Kp a Jk cs, doaree ‘Anion oi fiezng ‘enum ‘avy iia ‘Antony squabble ‘Semon Sonn ‘Anion ‘Anton tape ic Synonun si oot ‘sntonym | ly, calm ‘ston roy, let Antonin apps Sumonv Went; one of ther wo act asthe Raph's op nd ved by therm. Tach prop should frei gestions wn posal ‘Him eer ve Jack's band ive am 0 avenge) Henly the folowing sentences as Simple, punts eve. ever plying he parden whe Shep er cot wd went ou Heat tigre out what he wats Yeu don't lock py owes me. ‘ca she puppies plying in the eden. Sheed at ote wind You shun have done this tome Toye ery hard bt ey could’ wn he mach Wiotet hee in? Ahaha rng, we went fora wal Compound and complen ‘(Complex Bentenee) {Compound Sentence) (Simple Sentence) (imple Sentence) (Compound Sentence) (Compound Sentence) (imple Sentence) (Comples Sentence) Are the suggestions reasondble? 4 ‘WHATIS |A REPORT? report is a structured written’ presesitation ens es rene rains Gor request. There are many varieties of reporta, but | fenerally their function is to give an account of | Simething to anewer a question, or to offer aweition ta wh CHARACTERISTICS OF AN _ © EFFECTIVE REPORT An effective report i: 1. Appropriate to its purpose, 2. Accurate 3 Lorial 4. Clesrand concise and §. Wellorganised with clear paragraphs G The facs should be capable of being. verified Momorer, arguments should be soundly based spd your reasoning should be logical A ret shuld ot be an essay reflecting personal emotions and opinions. You must lok at Sl aes o's problem with an open mind before stating your conclusions RULES FOR REPORT WRITING Before you write single word you must: 1, Set your cbjective of writing a report. 2 Assess your readership it makes you ¢asier to write the report 8.” Decide what information you will need. 4, Prepare your skeletal framework 5. Test and revise your skeletal framework 6 Check opeling, grammar and punctuation Carefully proof-read the final draft. FORMATTING, REVISING AND PROOF- READING Inall the included information relevant Inthe style clear, concise and professional? Radda) EXERCISES REPORT ON LOAD § RT ON LOAD SHEDDING oF - Dated: August 01, 2019, ‘The Chairman, Wappa, Lahore i From: Social Welfare officer ABC Subject: Report on Load Shedding of Power Respected Sir, With deep sense of sorrow, I report to you a serious problem of our country; that is load shedding of Power supply. Electricity is needed in every sector of modern life. Our business, houses, trade centers, ‘schools, hospitals, colleges, industries, milla and factories entirely depend on electricity. It has disturbed ‘our social, economic and cultural life ‘Through this report, T want to discuss some reasons due to which we do not have sufficient eupply of power. Firstly, we produoe electricity from water, oi, coal and gas, We are failed in the production ofall these resources. We have failed to build Kala Bag Dam. Secondly, electricity which is produced by coal, gas and oil is very costly and we cannot afford. The consusmption of electricity is increased aa compared, with its production, So because ofthe lack of these resources we fare facing the problem of load shedding Suge We can solve the crisis of loaf shedding by ‘adopting the following measurements, First, the generation of electricity canbe increased by acting up Ihore stations and should build more dams. Second, the fovernment should generate new power plant by cheap Sources, Third, a campaign on clectyonic media should be started to save energy by all means, Fourth, people should be made aware of the true nature of power cri So after adopting theae ruggestions we can save alot of. ‘energy. Youre truly, Signed XYZ ‘The Baitor, ‘ ‘The News, ‘Telamabad. From: Social Welfare Officer ABC. ‘Subject: Inflation and its effects Respected Sir, With deep sense of sorrow, I report to you a serious problem of our country that ia inflation of rising. prices. The prices of necessities of life are increasing ‘Constantly. The majority of people in our country belong tothe low income group. Therefore, they are hard-hit by ‘the high prices of essential goods. ‘There are many factors which caise rise in price. Firstly, the most important of these, is the growing population. Because of the growing population the Gemand is higher than the supply. Secondly, the wrong ‘policies of government Jead to hoarding, emuggling and Black marketing of essential goods. Thirdly, the prices fof world markets also have direct or indirect effects ‘upon things produced inside the country. ‘Suggestions: ‘There are some. suggestions: to overcome the problem of rising prices. Firstly, our first duty should be {fo check the birth rate. We should make a vigorous propayanda in favour of family planning, Secondly, the Jest way of reducing inflation isto increase production of different Kinds of goods. Thirdly, the government Should remain vigilant and take severe action against hose who are engaged in hoarding, black marketing ‘and emugeling. Imports should be reduced and exports Ghould be increased, After taking these measures {inflation can be removed. Yours truly, Signature ABC The Falitor, ‘The News, Lahore. rom: A nowa reporter Rospected Sir, ‘With deep sense of sorrow, I report to you an. increasing problem of the use of mobile phones among, studonta, This is an age of science and:technoloey. The jess in the field of technology and communication fins surprised everyone. Now-a-days, the mobile phoneo hhave become very popular in the modern life. They have become a friend and a companion to everyone. It is not only the necessity of businessmen and travellers but students are also using this invention, ‘The usage of mobile phones among students is harmful, They are wasting time by the use of mobile phones. No doubt mobile phones is a good invention but Students use it carelessly. During the examination they transfer information related to paper to other students. ‘They waste their time. In this way students cannot concentrate upon their study and remain engaged in tending messages to other friends. Suggestions: ‘There are some suggestions for the students to ‘use this new invention, Firstly, they should use it carefully. Secondly, they should not use it all the time ‘They must be careful about their future. Thirdly, the unrestricted use of mobile telephones should be controlled, Students should adopt these suggestions. Yours truly, Signed XYZ Se eee amen | EXAMINATIONS ‘Dated: August 03, 2019. ‘tye Chairman, FBISE, Ialamabed. rom: Member ofToapection Team stents natin. ot Rxaminasion Dae ea St | ‘a member of Inspection Team of university Being * "feel it my duty to write you a report on examine sen and cheating in the examination sisi eormeg many examination centers but a report ont 1 wey them is likely to reveal the nature of about fo going on in these centers. iy, I mant to tall you about "Gort. Boys ” « AB.C, area, which is the biggest centre tis functioning in a big hall and three Gt. Hal has the capacity of seven, hundred owed thee rooms have three hundred students syodenig of entered one of tho rooms, large number NF tora were copying from the books without any fear of ‘ndent. The superintendent along with the ‘speriory staff was taking ten, Secondly, I visited the “Govt, Girls College cant” Five hundred girs studenta were sitting in the fall. There was no noise and girls were doing their paper without any help of vother girls, Seating trrmgemesta was proper. ‘The superintendent of that centre wan very strict and honest lady, After that T concluded that corruption existed only in boy's centers: shompared tothe girls centre Suggestions: Firslly, It is suggested that the superintendent and supervisory staff should be appointed after careful cruiny. Secondly, You must take a strict action agtinst the corrupt superintendent alongwith staff They should be punished. ‘Yours truly, Signed XYZ Member Inspection Team The Editor, ‘The News, Telamabad. ‘From: A citizen Subject : Pood crises in Pakistan oe Respected Sir, . sing ison of Pokaan, fet send you a report about «big problem of oe casey that the shortage of fo Imp fhe fc ean afthe al ulvated aren deed to poder nt oo rope and about S24 labour frre engaged as production ood end other ag intl problem of fod shortage, ra Products, there ‘The shortage problem worsened due to reasons, Fay, agriculture sector in Patani facing Jot of problems e.g. uneconomic holding. low quality seeds, lean use of urea, insulfiient’ facilities of itvigation, water-logging and salinity, so erosion and outdated techniques of ealivation i Pakiatin growth rate ia greater than GNP. rate, “Majority of population isnot taking part in production ‘process, Thirdly, crops are destroyed due to heavy rains, floods and storms. Sometimes crop diseases and pests ‘become the eause of low production Suggestions: Firstly, Food shortage can be avoided with farm mechanisation in agriculture, because it encourages ‘multiple cropping. Secondly, There ia a need for making the family planning policy eucceeeful. Increase in food crops is only possible when quality seeda, fertilizers and modern implementa of agriculture are used and for thia agriculture credit is necessary. So after sclving these problems there will be no food shortage in Pakistan. ‘Yours truly, XYZ Prom: A resident of ABC. Ciy Romected sr, : * Bing a citizen of Pakntan, I fel it my duty to ‘scid you a port abost a big problem of our country, ‘hati tela and order situation in our cy. The law tad order sfution inthe ety ABLC, has worsened fr the last month large-number of thefts have been committed in evry part ofthe ci On the 26h Janary 2019, two shops. and three factories were looted by three armed daccits, On 13th “February 2019, three armed daccits entered into the “house of two businessmen M/S Muzzafar and Shoukat ‘Ali The dscots murdered them mercilessly. No cue to the dacoits has been found before so far. On 28th February 2019, two jewellery shops were looted by the farmed daccite at mid day. Still no dacoit has been ‘arrested so far. Bven the mobile police did not patrol at ‘ight. ‘Suggestions: tia suggested that the number of policemen on duty should be increased. The mobile police should be © active abd ‘lert all the time. Tho police chould rapid ‘ction against all egal activities, Yours sincerely, * xyz Signed Ses SSS Subject: Corruption n.oursosistt ete ae oe my ig 0 katan sorruption that ba® ne of the moat serious problems, tie mot, rales a nt etal the political instability in the society. ia ah ay th a ve abe my eel ee St a ad eer ee at er he Aree i.e sheryl sri nt ere wet en rect as sie at rae Oe on seer i le tes oops ot meer Be eee ee SG eee ee Berenson aed Re eu nae peer a pe pee temo Yours sincerely, XYZ. | REPORT ON “OPENING A © Simm TH COLLEGE PReMusies, Dated: April 06, 2019 ape Principal, Govt. Calloge for Wom, Samanabad, Lahore. . Prom’ AReporter. object : Opening a cafeteria (adam, Be eiscea eiticoaue igh adions Waiaigns seher of March 1, 2019, T have inquised int the er hile created unrest among the students oe ae ‘met the class representative of the class part I a ne pa HR i he rat - Secretary of the lege Students Union. oe eect tte aoe » Pathing ofa cafeteria within the promises of the college SOE ea este ot a ae a cee eee as es or Soe sa cee ee re tat rey yee ind estas kate Beg een tae Seen Diol Sa repped er ee mee eee See ne ay oe ee es eel ieprntars | cualty Soren 7 eee ae | following suggestions: |@ A ccafeteria is the need of the hour. It should be | eA pielielireatectre le Time (6) So far as funds are concerned, the industrialists of the town should be approached. (si) AN the eatable articles should be offered on jprofit basis Hs) In the fitness of the affairs, the class Nepresentatives should have a share in. ite ‘management, Jncate, more detaile are required or diacution is seeder an you. evervore Yours truly, the bus passed near Jhelum, two Rana RasifKhan_| their sete. One of the dacoite covered the a I may be called upon at any time convenient to | With a deep sense of sorrow, 1 Aerio acident took place et the Coe 2m Pree at about 10m, tday, = OOP ating, In the accident, the foundati a fst ete collapsed and caiing were ain seal re a hhc me a wtely lost his life in err We er injured employee were 3 rrlaeas nelovee were given medial few alaatey The relatives of the ‘een informed and «formal nfentan Beste Secretary 10. REPORT ABOUT DACOITS LOOTING A PASSENGER BUS ated: August 07, 2019, reat git Tm x, Tnepector General of Police wea Province of Punjab, Lahore. “ From: A passenger nei Lahore-Rawalpindi Route rae rater of deep rogret that an insiden dacoity happened in a passenger bus which was tray to Lahore from Rewalpind nn ‘the bus from Saddar, T carded the but Raw Siam It left for Lahore atthe aceduled tine of 816 fim, The pasbengere were enjoying the journey cd fo be musing in hiaed ‘Many vehicles passed that way and none of them ‘took notice of the event, The dacoite then jumped off the ‘bus and ran away into the neighbouring fields while fring ithe ai. Tein serious mattor of law and onder and daring dacoity, which shoul! be given immediate attention. ‘Some remedial measures like checking the passengers ‘at the point of departure sbould be made compuleory. Yours truly, Rana M. Javed Aslam 11, REPORT FOR A NEWSPAPER ABOUT CHILD LABOUR Z Dated: August 18, 2019. te ‘The Chief Editor, ‘Tae Nation, Lahore. From: A Journalist Subject : Report on Child Labour Dear Sir, Tt gives a great pleasure to make a report on child Inbour in the country. In this connection, I have visited ‘several workshops, factories and business centres of the ties of Punjab. It is « fact beyond all doubta and exaggeration ‘that I found ‘children from 8 years to 15 years, ‘undergoing hard labour and drudgery every where. The child Iabour is being used in all petty jobs as in shops, hotels, restaurants, carpets making, and in some heavy mechanical works, ‘The chief reason of child labour is as usual is the children take pride in increasing their ‘banda, exploiters. also interviewed some of the children tho ‘complained of hard drudgery of labour on the lest omible wages, slavish treatment, abusive ant foul language; exploitation, extremely long houre of wok, ‘vithout any proper medical aid and treatment. Their ‘Plight is really miserable, eee ‘ApoyT THE PRESENT 1a REO TION OFA GOVT. HOSPITAL Dated: August 16, 2019, T ‘The Chie Baits Frontier ies ABC OWy. From: A reorter Subject. Presep Conditions of Government ‘Hosplial Dear Sit, Tn complince to instructions, I visited the local government hopital, and made on the spot observations. Findings: Tvisitd eeveral wards, including the emergency ward, Genel conditions are deplorable. Nurees and Goctors ar wiable to cope with the patients, The wticnta Fe xot properly attended to and even the Prailable medeines, injections are not enough. Poor patientare rade to purchase medicines from their own Pocket even they are forced to buy medicines from a pertialar ebre, Tt ia a common complaint that the Tredtines ir stores are eold off in the markets for tlteior purvoses. It is a sad condition of the patients tht the qualified doctors take many days to make pund, Dodora have established their own private inics and the patients are often told to’ get admitted there, But they are alleged to charge heavy feos. A number of:heirfrontmen are engaged in accomplishing the patiene entry in private clinics of the doctors. ‘The’ number ofepecialist doctors ia seriously dwindling down ay by dav. Some of the patients can only be examined by the speiaists Gererally I have found the hospitals in neat and clean corditions, The beds and the bed covers are tolerable, but ite floors and furniture need more cleanliaeis. All the lighting system and cooling arrangements were quite adequate, The visitors were allowed te see their pationta in fixed hours. They could ‘on the benches. T patients going through the coe fand allied light literature suagasine®, rewat be looked after regularly. Doctors Panta mu fe and to ive more tine ang eps eng roglar rounds in the ward, patients ond do away with ther lacknees, ‘Nurees sho! Yours sincerely, Setire gepoRT ON THE SURVEY OF ‘SUNDAY ta freely jewepaper® 18. Dated: August 16, 2019, District Nazim, Lahore City, Tahoma Citizen nity about th Sunday Bazar in rsenal survey of diferest Ho ferent rca of Labor mbar folowing report whch is complete have comPoate based on factual conditions and so Sate ving of ay rp ae ali se a oat eho, Sunday bezar te OT loa pate ao table. Sunday bare ries tr apocd exible. The mainly Te Tould be spacious aa well as neat and lean. ft bas been generally and gravely complained that the merchandise placed in Sunday bazars, is ‘imal of inferior quality. Sub-standard articles Jet over, are offered at no competitive rates. Sunday bazaars have assumed the colour and poliey to dispose off poor quality articles Aizaction of Sunday bazars in the name of fair quality at fair prices are just slogans. The competitiveness of prices are just fraud as the ‘ame articles are quite available from general the clients, affecting both behaviour, fartcles offered as well aa the prices. "The lees fortunate classes of the purchases are not anand, 8% of the major complaints about Sunday itis necessary to streamline the whole policy. It % aliquary to attend to the general complante and edress them as quickly as possible, " Yours traly, xyz, as aes ; registered sow delay llama ly, within a few years, countleas cluational inttutions have cropped wp n walason of the rules and regulations as set down fr intrucionn, With the rapid increase in population, and in fx of rural population to urban areas, the public institutions hhave been unable to cope withthe increasing student Private institutions have practialy filed the vid, but at the cost of nominal education. They have managed to fleece the parents of the students by charging heavy fees and other charges. The teachers employed are not sufficiently qualified and are not professionally trained to impart education tothe coming generations. Private institutions are virtually looting the public in the name of English medium schools and instructions. The teachers are not suitably located without enough rooms, not to speak of playgrounds, laboratories ete. Even the academies have come into existence, with high flown Glaime to impart quality education inthe name only. ‘There seems bo application of rule and regulations fo heck their mushroom growth Tt is the need of the hour to lay down strict rules and regulations to. which private educational {notitutions, other dreadfsl afin are most apt to appear in near futur ‘Your truly, XYZ. 15. REPORT ON 'A PRIZE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION’ Dated: August 15, 2019. To ‘The Eaitor, Daily Dawn, Rawalpindi. From: A Reporter, Subject : Sir, I ake dup lone in fing my 9, prize distribution in an educational oatitution, = ‘Firetly, distribution of prises is based on the position achieved by the etudenta in B.A. Examination. i ine suspicious eventa in a big hall. The prises colted on ‘cash amounts, achievement certificates av well as. y,Paticpanta of the ereniy were ‘xtfemely glad ahd ‘satisfied on thle achiovement, veh th parents ofthe atudente were invited ily Prise dlatbution was arted att pm, and wat completed in two hours Afr it light refrehment ‘Was served. Sixthly, in the beginning, few verses from -Haly “Quran were’ rected ‘with Urdu, translation, flowed by « "Naat" and then the Prinapal billy spake on the ebjeciver of the ocation, Then he ‘tcretary of the platform called the repent ono ‘he, Seventhy, the ops proved vry elem as well ‘a encouraging for the future Then there held ong ‘session of photography. It ended on 6.p.m. : ‘Yours sincerely, XYZ. 16. REPORT ON ‘FUN FAIR' Dated: August 15,2019, rm The Principal, Gort. College for Women, ABC (Cit). From: AStudent Respected ‘Madam, It gives me much pleasure on composing a report ‘on fundfir. Last week fun fair function was held in Govt. Colloge for Women’. The students of almoet all clasees took active part and made it a aucceseful and ‘eventful day. ‘A majority of teachers along with their spouses and their children did not lag behind for attending the entertainment, Enough funds were raised and arranged \ by the union of the college to make a memorable events ‘from all angles. ‘A.number of small shops were arranged, a8 "Gol Gappas", Chat and fruit sellers, "Katchuris “Kababs" fand other light eatablos of good quality. A play of comical story was also staged in which many students participated and was appreciated by all, A declamati Contest was also held, for which an extempore topic wi given four students wore allowed to take part in the speech contest. All the speeches were of fret rate Finally @ winner was declared with a unanimous Aecision. There were also gymnastic display, in which ‘oth students and professionally trained displayed an ‘excellent show. It was liked and appreciated by all, Cultural show was the core item of the whole fun fair, in which brilliant students participated. on 17, REPORT ag ON WEDDINGS" Dated Apa 1,219 % ‘the Baitor, ‘The Now Islamabad. From: Areporter Subject: Wastefulexpanditure on Wedding Reepected Six fe cm oor Nor ol ces ei et | re eo lee Eee ” Revert oring my survey observed many thin aca ee ee a eee so ae Bene geet ae ed a cee imitation of rich. In this way they go down by the ers : Pen cn Apart fro the villagers the educated people of tie gail teachings of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), then ‘den irrelevant and extravagant kinds of traditions eam Dt rooted out, Secondly, Government should alsd Youre truly, Signature Reporter, oe "nowing about what, aE cer moe ne acetal eee fatto rie 10 de fers include - recall, recognition, int anc enti wrefore in the broader sense means oie ae pal powers, Latrally it pueectl "understand, desire, plan, work and Beane 122, EtG pelps an individual not only to sctere. S2 feved what he desires. hat alo 2 Nearly existence on thie planet, has Sen cage cvtinuoual. Tw on ind desire to acqize knowledge Yon hae developed to ita modern Tine at ving jure Ue, other animals sa Mas Peat, huntn for god, searching the ng est naked inthe early stage of his Erol ore a pe hea concen See re ry ers ed cho sa wrt car ct ee itaecte ander ‘io control:.Ho. has SS ee Stent ae See coe ee ier Mone power was the lw of the jungle. Tod i law ofthe jungle, Today it S lnonege of wien and techaclogy that rules the iT Sed World War came to tn end on SERB ofthe atom bomb only. Scientiic knowledge eel dese te ato the wr: Hence power {tebe somured tis posible only though Lnowledee Ie {ered that knowledge Se power ay it couslee os Aor hs superiority oer others Life ia full of pleasures, experienene, and newness. A great number of people ftudene ie in ther came, pune Dleanire ‘of student fe lato. sty Roos erate oy tour Sin ide inspiring and pleasing that i throughout hie Totive undo he tnd progreeivs guidance of so really a wonderful blessing for a College erson. ivities is enjoyable as well as useful. Welcome and farewell parties and different functions ‘dd tothe charm of college life. Similarly study tours of different and interesting places are a part of education, alge conven i another ery acl ad colourful function ‘which creates healthy competition among the students, nae Sports and games play a vital role in students life, In college life these activities are definitely the best of enjoyment and entertainment on earth: They are ‘useful not only forthe student health, but aloo fr the Alovelopment of sportaman spirit in his personality Another pleasure of student's ile in elloge i to sit in the cafeteria and to have refreshments. Yet ‘another pleasure for a student isto it the library in fe time. Thre, he can read newspapers, magazines and books to ad more to iia knowledge. A good leary can make a. student develop reading bahit, which definitely has an everlasting effect on his ie ‘As one knows that the environment off cllegs provides freedom to the students so inthis way college Ife has some disadvantages also. Some stdents misuse the liberty. They give up their atudie. Some students develop quarreleome habits. ‘They disturb colles fudministeation and other studenta Some atudenta take interest in the destructive activities of the political troupe, Some other students take tao much interest in Sports and other cocurricular aetvities and ignore their studies. Tt doesn't mean that Life at college in jst a pleasant dream and the students have nothing to do. ‘They have to work hard to make their mark, The guidance and ‘inspiration of Kind, loving, highly fclucated and experienced teachers give them a sense of security, certainty and relief. Tt makes life at clloge an interesting and pleasing experienc. S ‘To sum up, college life in the memorable period af one's life. one cannot forget memories concerned with, college. 1 in a reat pleaure to vist a fill station in summer. It was in these months that 1 visited the Murree hilla T went there to spend a pert of my, summer vacation. I alo invited some cloe fren left Lahore for Murree by car. ‘An we knew that in Murre essential commotion ‘are costly so we bought many things of daily need from Rawalpindi, When we reached Murree it was a fine clowiy day land the weather was ery pleasant. We put up at an old hotel. After having rested there for a while, we come out to-have a view of the hill it was a new ekperience for sme. The houses were built in an irrogular way and very cften the top of one was in level with the door ofthe other. The looked very interesting. The valley below the tulle was looked very beautiful, It was fall of colourful lowers. On the firs day we walked. to the Kashmir point and enjoyed ourselves with its beautiful view. Well dressed ladies and genta crowded the cafes and tea stalls, I wondered how so many educated and cultured people had come together at such a far off hill tation at tne and the name time. In the evening when we were returning to our hotel, it grew dark and a gentle shower of rain began to {all We hurried up and reached our hotel at once: Then tre changed our éreco, as it had become quite wet due to ain. The night wan quite cold and I had to cover myself wrth a blanket. Throughout the night it continued Trining, but when it was dawn, the rain stopped. We _trere very glad to eee this sudden change of weather itprovided us another chance to go around and discover ‘the beauties of the place. There were also fruit gardens fon the slopes. On our way back we crossed two fast owing streams. The water of these streams was Very cold and clean, but was not so deep. ‘After three days stay in the hille we returned to Lahore, which was aa hot and dry as we had left it ‘Anyhow, our short vnit to the Murree Hills was a good ‘change and I shall ever remember the beautiful “Sunny View" and the "Kashmir Point”. Theee were perhaps the _ moit wellspent days of my life. I otill remember my Vii tothe hill station asthe happiest day of my life Sesh ane he i ano et tis ofiman, Man can now ve tin sels fable ie bene of longer ant more ogured Nature 8h the help ot saves tne wonders of Sconce have contributed to thy Man can be comer comforts and pleasures of m oh ‘ofthe earth. Air- conditioning edges have Dghtene aden eee nln added o our pleere, We ounewile, Senos TV and entertain ouesves a can a one outdone entertainment We Can go some or doa variety of other things. iccuicity ie one of the wonders of Scione with tia not have had electric lights, fans, Without ve all the labour-eaving devine in the peterson 29h ve wonderful meana of travel. Cae ore ea ay common. Elect trains cary tn od ure A with greatapeed Jet planes go ike Seo te an i nino tine, we ca be in another aah scrotrhas opeedy, travel ia poasble only on continent, The fuiow of ecience, Electricity” alo secant of ee lovatore and ecalatore that eave Saat Pecing up and down fights of tars a on oe erovided us with apectacles and contact Seience hat 2 Fnbe, fountain pens, typewriters and dense era besing or computers, arent all these the Mrondars of ecience? Tris a wonder that science has conquered deadly dioasd este nam healthier and lengthened the pan a hoe ia now a cure for practically every di rbased to take a heavy tll of human life Me theail more wonderin the fac aaa ae gan like the human heart and kidneys at wore ced Ey transplanta. In the fre, perhaps on Mistrmight be able to make man live forever. With the help of science, man has even reached the muon, Soon he willbe visiting other planets to. ee ao limit tthe wonders of science. Scientia ser voosig out with new inventions and wonders every tre and then, The atom bomb and nuclear weapone 22N sign wondere of science. AB these can. cause aeeeicton it would be better for men. to. make rear of fie wonders of science. Then only wi ey add to the happiness and yrosperity of mankind. Prompectl "To conclude, we can say that science has brought f miraculous change in our everyday life. Ita seo are Uncountable, Ite blessings are numerous. It ia the duty of modern man to use science for the betterment of humanity. of bum fatal disea in the past. Not the fac ofthe world. It a s important event of college ie ‘se unforgettable day. During my oy se etme of ealloge life from my elder shoal days I hora, I wan most curiously awaiting the robes and wat my college Me. T thought that we ie; bets watt “afer, moa free ie, allege lf Yo few and threat of teachers would eat arte eed ray come in, ited to the Government Colloge of admitted premisee with new hopes and wens cad to avo that the college presented Ia ei diferent from what I had seen meh mol Tcame eons any known ge experiences on the fet day of Tad 008 Fa bafled fo ee students playing vliar games and enjoying, radio emer achour. Thee in no retrction that tho student are fre in thir ean do tangs according 19 their Wit 1 t the newly’ admitted students in high ‘ ee fal happy to make friends. When the ee fret period, I entered the fixed Fund many students siting there. After a ba i} dressed handsome gentleman entered the se a He wes the professor of English, He spoke in eserfeent and drametic way with imple and clear Aupime I Iateod to hia lecture with rapt attention. 1 Attended wo or three other clasees on that day. All fie dane were very enjoyable, l was fascinated by the feared and lucid lectures of the teachers, ‘Te dases being over, Lmoved round the college yas very much delighted to see the grand library of the atlege where Teould find books on very subject. The calle lnborstery excited my interest on the very first day and got eager to perform experiments there. ted down the time-table of my class from the tote board I atended the clagses. I found that the athod of aching in the collge is different from that inthe schon. Bach aubject ie taught by a epecialized feacer, Questions are not\ asked in the classes Prlects do not rebuke the studenta if they fail to tears their lessons, They simply tll the students to be tinaiows of their responsibilities. Tho students find ont hombre which they lac in the othe, easy and comfortable here. Tflt a new thythm of life and returned home with mixed sense of duty and liberty. HE t My last day at colloge ia memorable day in my life. Tt is definitely a sad day for those who are leaving. But at the sometime it in full of hopes, becatise they are now going to achieve their mission for which they had joined the college years ago. One day it in supposed to happen. When it is the last day, both the students and the teachers give emotional and touching speeches at the farewell party. Last year I had to appear at the Intermediate Examination in June, Our Principal gave us preparatory holidays for noarly two weeks in April. He ‘lso announced that the farewell function for the outgoing students would be organized on Lith of April So it was my last day at the college where I had studied for nearly two years, The function was to be organized by the students of Clase XI under the supervision of our Vice-Principal. The students of the Class XI had beautifully decorated the college with buntings and balloons. In the college a small stage had also been erected. On the ‘age were our honourable Principal, Vice-Principal and other members ofthe staff All the students sat on the carpets which were spread on our ground. First ofall we assembled in the lawn of our college for a group photograph, ‘The Principal of our college presided over the function. ‘The moment cur Principal arrived, a student of our class garlanded him. After this a few items of cultural programme like songs, ghazals, jokes, ete. were arranged. There were certain students both in Class XI and Clase XII who gave us good and touching songs. Some students also recited poems and couples befitting the occasion. ‘After the cultural porgramme was over the foonitor of class XI rose and gave touching farewell speech with the permission of the chair. After this, the ‘monitor of our class algo made a brief speech on behalf of the outgoing, students, which was also very moving. ‘After this our respectable teachers by whom we were taught blessed us one by one. They also gave brief speeches. They expressed their good wishes for us, They prayed for our success as well In the end, our Principal gave us hia blessings in an inspiring and memorable speech, He exhorted us to work hard in life and dedicate ourselves to the building of our nation, He advised us to lead a disciplined and honest life. He also wished us success in our future career. His speech was very impressive. All the students clapped when the finished his speech. He had tears in his eyes. He was very hopeful for the better future of his Oe aeat People have their own dreams in life. Many ‘aspire to be rich or to become business tycoons agnates, big fund). Some persons dream of becoming lenders, political and social reformers. There are others ‘who have: a craze for becoming poets, writers and ‘novelists while most of ué generally have a dosire of becoming engineers, doctors and scientists’ of great repute, There are a very few persons, who are happy-g0- lucky by nature and have no clear-cut aim in their lives. Thave thought a lot about different careers. Some look very ordinary and some look glamorous. Some do ‘not appeal to me and some look out of my reach, After ‘considering and consulting a lot, I have decided to become a teacher Teaching is nota paying profession in our ‘country. It not considered an ideal career by majority ‘of our people. But there isa group of people who value it fand think of it ae one of the noblest profession. It is important in a sense that one develops a direct relationship with the youth and can influence their ‘minds. A good teacher can develop a sense of unity, ‘patriotiem and freedom in his students, He may become ‘lighthouse which guides the lot ships. He can inspire hhis students and show them the way to progress and prosperity. think the best people in world are those who teach others, They remove the dark clouds of illiteracy fand bring forth the clear blue aky of knowledge and ‘wisdom. They remain on the ground but prepare their stadente to go beyond the skies. They feel happy and fetisfied to sce their students working as doctors, engineers, military and civil officers, lawyers, judges, Durinesimen and industrialists. They water such plants, ss bear frit forthe whole society “Tam working hard to achieve my aim. Aer ‘graduation, H intend to do B.Bd in order to got myself familiar with latest teaching techniques, I also wish to do my master in one of the major subjects. I think T ean ‘serve my nation and country aa a teacher and play role 8 a patriotic Pakistani. All the members of family, frends and teachers encourage me to adopt this ignited profesion. By the grace of God I would prove F abiiy, of wate : rat the leering prose incline the i eather, Noone can deny te portance Stevaninatins ‘There are. the following ves of examination, argu ans posto the fae of « ai te higher case, Sony, i Oder ert sane dates university or oard, deme or 1 ee en the pent of hi acquired. knowlde, tei ith abnene of examinations and deer, aan a ren betweon a chola # dled Sa tke four af examinations makes U8 ork sat, te sudent, become serious ea? te eam arth most elective wy at ‘examinations, Thus of forcing a student * Bxaminations may be a source of pleasure for fow brilliant students but are a necessity for an average ftudent and boring for majority of them. Most of the studenta taking examinations depend upon some part Of their courses to pass. The students getting degrees ‘after passing these examinations feel that they do net hhave enough knowledge of their subjects. Corruption in our examination is a major drawback. The sanctity of fan examination depends on its secrecy, peacehl conduct, fair marking and correct tabulation of the reeulta, Unfortunately, most of these. processes are doubtful in our country. Our examination system encourages the very bad habit of cramming. They are the test of memory rather ‘than of intelligence or knowledge, ‘To conclude this essay, we can say that ou ‘examinations should be the real means of judging the practical ability of our students. They should be able o fanswer examination questions on the basis of red understanding of their subject. Examinations shoul enhance and encourage the creative ability of student, ‘All our examinations should be arranged and conducted honestly and efficiently. Examiners should be men of ability and high principles. Consequently, our examination can be the best means of judging the ‘progress miade by students in their respective eubjects. PAPERS /ROLE OF 'T MEDIA play a very important role in the ‘They: are an index of all the political Newspapers eee ia a . snfiuence these activities. This indicates that a ne cre ‘Phe most important thing that the press does is the awareness it crates among the people by giving the yore of all sort. The acivtios and policies ofthe ermment are made known. This make ensy for every ‘me have his own opinion “about what , the ‘Sateament in doing. So the news not only eatisies to fererhings but helps him to judge their and value Ai A responsible press in a free country always does ‘his with honesty [Another function of the press may be said tobe a fair eriism of the activities of the government, But Bind caticsm is not the mark of a responsible pr Bron when diferent newspapers have different political Ges useful things done by the government Sled te duly praised, Such fair criticism establishes a {ink and crestee understanding between the people and the government. This link is an important feature of democratic sate ‘The newspapers give the people political education The awareness created among the people by the press educates their minds and makes them responsible citizens. A responaible prose always tries to ‘eep this requirement in view. The newspapers publish informative articles all sorts of subjects, Intelligent and well-educated men are invited to express their views on vital issues of the ay. These articles are usually written by those. who have ood Knowledge of their subjects. This may be ‘alled the direct way of educating the readers. Through ‘uch articles people are informed about certain ‘important “problems which should attract. their ‘attention. This purpose is partially fulfilled by the sq Tis tientific inventions have brought all the Pion lt togter. It is easental that we shld _ Krow what our neighbours do, The newspapers keep us Sided protiit, happens in other countries, A : ways tries to promote international will Ie * ili iromonanity might ead ha world Jt in obvious that the p . that the press, can only be etl ful all these conditions } rain or sunshine, hot or [__ 1. retEvision —_] Telovision plays an importa ta» it affecta the ideas and behaviowe of a Seat Deel, Tlevison haa nero nn Wet television programmes, within the fous walle of ne ome, We can lew mascel programs te 2 oa watch films and draman, Thus television maken su forget our worries for some time, Televison presente programmes of information, The moet important of theee is the television news, We inten tothe news with treat interest and got the latest news fom allenrner of the worl Televison ean be used to teach uneduc people. Educational programmes of diferent Kinds are ‘ery informative. There are discussions and lectures oa Science and arta subjects, For example, flee’ on Scientific inventions and developments in the ‘advanced Countries are telecast for the. viewers. There. are agricultural, medical and industrial programmes on TW hat guide’ the people in. their respective elda Television lao plays. an iniportant role in economic development of the country. Through them the musket ‘ates of diferent articles ean be quoted and explained ‘Televison ala presenta programmes on national affairs, In thesg programmes the pital activities of the rulere and leaders are decribed. The polis ofthe fovernment. in different Selds of Satsoal life. are resented and discussed, We can lio view useful Programes on. telovsion concerning ; international faire. They inform us about the relation, disputes and probleme ef diferent. countries. ‘There can be seen Grain religous programmes en television. People Sing “auch programuee | an! add ©) Gain Understanding of religion. Different religious scholars are invited in epecthe “programmes, ‘They. sugget SSluione for diferent probleme in the light of rion. Shcife time in allocated for the advertisements which lp in the growth of industry, Colourful and attractive enimendals draw the attention ofthe viewers Who are compelled to buy those produce, ‘To conclude, we can say that: siecroul bai st jeveloped 10 0 great extent. People ean wa eer ae ofthe ether counts of the ond crane din antinaa and cable network. Tis thing bas ful source of entertainment made television a powe People can enjoy watching the culture, places and heritage of different Television can be th culture of a society. Gh ‘countries on their television screen. e best source to the reat care, however, | Pakistan is our ewoot homeland, Pakistan had ‘world map in 1947 but after the inde enormous ncrifices, No other they ulfored Amcrificos of life and property to nchieve this goal: Why Hove Pakistan? It not that Pakistan je a Muslim country. I love Pakistan because it inn hard- fenrned country where we are free to shape our own Te gave us an Identity. an citizons of independent Islamic state, The primary objective Creating Pakistan was to secure, m separate territory. ‘Where the Muslims could regulate their lives in ‘accordance with the tenching of tho Holy Quran and ‘Sunnah, Pakistan is the citadel of Islam. It ia tho focal ‘point of the Muslim countries, It is a matter of pride for ime that Iwas born and brought up in thie glorious had Dorseverance and dediontion and I ‘8 boon and slavery a curse, Had it boon undivided India the Muslims could never enjoy the fifte, In Pakistan, we aro free to shape our doatiny fnocording to our tradi historical background, Here we are free in our political, acial, religious and ‘educational fields, All are equal in the eyes of law. The ‘pon-Muslims enjoy complete freedom of worship. ‘The people of Pakistan arc known for their Jb. Pakistan has Pakistan isa land of beauty with very fine rosorte for excursion and sight-eocing. We have benutiful green, Walleye in the hills covered with blossoming flowers. Our Bwat Valley reminds the European tourist of Switzerland. Gilgit is also a beautiful spot full with the wealth of natural cenery. We have high mountains With snow-covered peaks here. The K-2 peak is the Tecond highest mountain in the world. Nature is #0 Hountiful that it filled the bowels of the earth in Juchistan with minerale and natural gas. Pakistan has a rich soil which yields crops ‘Whroughout the year. I love Pakistan with my heart and so), May God save her from all dangers, ogni ; sri ea i nn en aaa Sin ered nr Pans gear ne Mohammad Ali Jinnah, orn in Karachi on the Christmad Day, Decomber 26, 1876. His father was a rich businesemgn, Young dinnah had bis early schooling in Bombay ang Haenkit Later he loft for U.K. for higher studies, Hy | ved aw there and came back to India to practic gy iawyer fret in Karachi and then in Bombay. He made faname of bar. ‘Jinnah joined the Congress which a rctive body of Indian leaders, Jinnah sided with the | Gongreee in its demand for self-government platforms, | Siac joined hands with Gandhi to pave the way for India's freedom, For years he worked hard to bring the Hindus and the Muslims together on one platform, ‘Jinnah withdrew from Congress when it became Hindwminded and tried to deny the Muslims and thei due share in the welf-government, ‘Jinnah, then pleaded the cave of the Indi ‘Muslims, His "Fourteen Points’ of March, 1929 gave ‘lear definition of the Muslim demand, ‘This manifesto led to the unity of the Muslig leaders in the form of the All India Muslim League Later, Jinnah organized the election campaign of 1995 ‘The result was a striking blow to the Hindu Congres. ‘The Muslim League wept the polls'in the Punja Sindh and Bengal. After his setback the Congress became hardened towards the Muslims. ‘Jinnah took over the cause of the Muslims of India, In 1940, the famous Lahore Resolution was passed which opposed the Congress stand ani Jemanded division of a free India into separate Hind find Muslim States, Hie leadership led to the birth of Pakistan, ‘The Muslims gathered round one flag in answer to his call Quaid-e-Azam was the fi Pakistan, He devoted his life to the service of his country. By his statesmanshi fom he guided the new State, His apeeches even won over his enemig He was sincere, honest and straight in his views wisdom, Quaid-e-Azam passed away on September 1 1948, Hie death cast a gloom over the country. Ba Pakistan is a living monument to his greatness and His name has become immortal. Governor-General of ts emall town situated in a country A lage eye 70% of our poplation lives in ol sett of villages in Pakintan are Sage, Aino ny of them are atill backward, odernized 7 are of their own, It varies from ‘trey ave ‘put still there are many common to provi’ Village life looks amusing and omens he days ut a permanent atay looks ‘ot remain busy all the year, It ‘ur eilages do 2 Ceutting) the crops that they daring FINE Ooo they look after their crop# and pork bard. Ofer er routine manner. Most vill Jrinals 3 Sjworking. They get up early in the 08 od, wash clothes, look after their ering. OK LN" reir huts or houses. At times, Gideen and SCN? svork with men in the fields, for sale wa Taping (cutting) the crops. cexsaples "OF gar villages do not have good schools Mat ve cious and basic education in conden eet mary schools. Many. children 0) Jith thei parents in the fields or 5 ‘advantages of living in a village. le can get cheap, fresh and pure Fret ofall vile villagers live in the open and fod any, Segara work in the flde and at fre at Tir get alot of physical exercise. Then other places Om village live like a huge family. They Speen dee 2 eel ey Sree ie Sorat ea atracting mosques and 80 on sealing roads, a There oe sme, dedventges of wilage, if silage people donot often have good educational an Eis ti, They o not generally have paved or Bede The houses are often very small an ear ras ale ue moet it bad shape, badly constracts Siar of our villages are without electricity and water orks, ite having some disadvantages, village life ia (ete, sre und pre. By developing ot gee we can make this Ife more attractive and more Comfortable forthe people residing in villages. 14, AN IDEAL STUDENT ‘in ideal student is one, who is fully conscious of his duties and responsibilities. He is a ray of hope for the future generation. An ideal student is always a dutiful, respectable and humanitarian. He is a very Iniliant student. He may set new record in the echool © 5 : 3 E i F ® 5 Daten He aways take care of hes. Be soe Log toleok afer them when they ester oa He is eympatietic and ei fr stulen, We theres wores ant ther pb the ouber of hs tami He kee pa ie robin of tbe county. Our boned cosy, Paka, edo much «aden, whe hae usser of fone eves of een Such sient lone cm ele tans iahiovng erty ot commas 15. COMPUTER One of the turning pointa in the history of modern scientific development has been the invention and use of computers. In today's situation computer awareness is a part of basic grounding and fundamental education. Without computer education, it is difficult to think successful career. Computers are used in all fields and in all types of industries. Computers are widely used in hospitals, production, designing and in the field of mass communication. All these means are creating lakhs of exciting new jobs, Computers have given a new work culture to modern man. It has made inroads in almost all the areas of human activity. In business it has taken over most of the clerical work like calculations, preparation ‘of pay bills, account books etc. Similarly heavy industries are using computers in a big way now a days for operational controls. The medical profession has been benefited by computers. With the help of computers heart beat, pulse rate & pathological testa hhave reached standard of accuracy. There is no field of ‘human activity that has remained unaffected by the use of computers Hine D ee Ha i | ‘Co-education is common in almost al the western fand mazy eastern countries as well st all levels. It ‘means the education of boys and girls in the same institutions The area of interest of boys and gla are

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