PTTEP ARTHIT FIELD DEVELOPMENT

CENTRAL FACILITIES

PIPING STRESS ANALYSIS SPECIFICATION

A-1-PP-PI-SP-0003

CONTRACT NO . A-TPD 03-0043

This cover page is a record of all revisions of the standard/specification identified above by number and title.
All previous cover pages are hereby superseded and are to be destroyed.

B1 13.08.04 APPROVED FOR DESIGN DR BM ARI BMK SOMCHAI

A1 15.07.04 ISSUED FOR APPROVAL DR BM ARI BMK
R1 25.06.04 INTER-DICIPLINE CHECK DR BV ARI
Rev. Date Purpose of Issue Prepared Checked Discipline Project Client
No. By By Approval Approval Approval
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.1 SCOPE 2
2.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS, CODES AND STANDARDS 3
3.0 OBJECTIVES 5
4.0 DEFINITION OF CRITICAL STRESS CATEGORIES 6
5.0 STRESS ANALYSIS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 8
6.0 STRESS DOCUMENTATION 10
7.0 PIPE SUPPORT DESIGN 12
8.0 NOZZLE ALLOWABLE LOAD CRITERIA (VENDOR SUPPLIED EQUIPMENT,
SKIDS 12
AND PACKAGES) 12
NOZZLE LOADS FOR SIZES ABOVE 30” SHALL BE MUTUALLY AGREED BETWEEN
COMPANY AND VENDOR. 20
APPENDIX- 3 – WIND LOADING DATA 21
APPENDIX- 4 – TYPICAL RESTRAINT SYMBOLS USED IN STRESS ISOMETRICS22

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Scope

a) This document defines the method by which piping systems are selected
and defined as "Critical" by the Engineering Contractor’s (KBR) Piping
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Stress Engineer. Critical lines are those to be stress analysed/reviewed
by the Piping Stress Engineer.

The term 'piping' referred to in this document is applicable to all of the

platform topsides pipe work up to and including the riser ESDV's
(Emergency Shutdown Valves) extending up to the hanger flange. The
extent of analysis for the topside piping (42” size) riser under PTT scope
shall be mutually discussed and agreed.

b) Calculation methods and application of code based procedures for

piping stress analysis are defined in this document.

c) This document also defines the permissible values of nozzle loads imposed
by piping on connected mechanical equipment, such as exchanger,
pressure vessels and rotating equipment as well as equipment skid
package tie-in points.

d) This specification is applicable for the topsides pipe work for the Arthit
Central Facilities which comprises

i Arthit Central Process Platform (APP)

ii Bridge connecting APP and AQP
iii Bridge connecting APP and AWP1
iv Flare Bridge with Flare Tower connecting APP to the Flare Tripod
1.2 Units

All piping calculations, dimensions and weights shall be in Systeme

Internationale ( SI ) units.

1.3 Definition

The following definitions shall apply to this specification:

Company PTTEP - Petroleum Authority of Thailand Exploration and

Production, Public Company Limited.

Engineering Contractor KBR - Kellogg Brown & Root Asia Pacific Pte Ltd

Stress Engineer - Engineering Contractor’s Piping Stress

Engineer

2.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS, CODES AND STANDARDS

2.1 Project Specifications

2.1.1 A-1-PP-PI-SP-0004 – Specification for Spring Support

2.1.2 A-1-PP-PI-SP-0007 – Insulation Specification

2.1.3 A-1-PP-PI-SD-0006 – Pipe Support Standard

2.1.4 A-1-PP-PI-SP-0005 – Pipe Support Design Specification

2.1.5 A-1-PP-PI-LL-0001 – Critical Line List

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2.2 Reference Company Documents

2.2.1 AGS-03 – Unfired Pressure Vessels

2.2.2 AGS-05 – Steel Piping Design, Fabrication, and Installation

2.2.3 AGS-08 – Piping Materials

2.2.4 AGS-18 – Site Condition and Climate

2.2.5 AGS-20 – Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

2.2.6 AGS-21 – Air Cooled Heat Exchanger

2.3 Codes and Standards

Design and analysis of the piping shall be in accordance with following codes.

ASME B31.3 Process Piping

ASME B31.4 Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and

Other Liquids

ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

API RP 14E Recommended Practice for Design and Installation of Offshore

Production Platform Piping Systems

In addition to ASME B31.3, B31.4, B31.8 & API RP 14E and its sub-references,
following codes shall also govern the design and installation of some parts of a
piping system and the connected equipment.

ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

ASME B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges

API RP 520 Sizing, Selection and Installation of Pressure Relieving Devices

in Refineries Part II - Installation

API RP 521 Guide for Pressure Relieving and Depressurising Systems

API RP 686 Recommended Practices for Machinery Installation and

Installation Design (Chapter 6 – Piping)

API 610 Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural

Gas Industries

API 617 Axial and Centrifugal Compressors and Expander Compressors

for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry Services

API 618 Reciprocating Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas

Industry Services.
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API 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage

API 660 Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers for General refinery Services

API 661 Air Cooled Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Services

API 662 Plate Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Services

UKOOA Specification and Recommended practice for the use of GRP

Piping Offshore

ISO 14692 Specification and Recommended practice for the use of GRE
Piping – Piping in the Petroleum or Natural Gas Industries

BS7159 Design and construction of glass reinforced plastics GRP) piping

systems for individual plants or sites

BS CP3 Basic data for the design of buildings Chapter V. Loading Part
2. Wind loads

NEMA SM23 Steam Turbines for Mechanical Drive Service.

WRC-107 Local Stresses in Spherical and Cylindrical Shells due to

External Loadings

WRC-297 Local Stresses in Cylindrical Shells due to External Loadings on

Nozzles – Supplement to WRC 107

3.0 OBJECTIVES

The objectives for performing stress analysis of piping systems shall include the
following.

a) To keep the stresses in the pipes and fittings within the code allowable
levels.

b) To keep the nozzle loadings on the attached equipment within allowable

limits of applicable specifications or recognised standards (NEMA
SM23, API 610, API 661, etc.)

c) To minimise vibration of the reciprocating compressor associated piping.

d) To calculate the design loads for sizing of in-line restraints such as U-bolt,
Shoe, Clamp, Trunnion, Guide, Stop, etc., sizing of support frames and
selection of spring hangers.

e) To determine the piping displacements for interference check and prevent

excessive sag in piping spans.

f) To check the leakage at the flange joints.

g) To prevent unintentional disengagement of piping from its supports.

h) To help optimize the piping design.

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4.0 DEFINITION OF CRITICAL STRESS CATEGORIES

4.1.1 Non-Critical Lines

All metallic, ferrous and non-ferrous lines 2" NB and smaller are deemed non-
critical and do not require a formal pipe stress analysis calculation unless
specified otherwise. Lines larger than 2” NB that do not fall under any of the
criticality criteria listed below shall also be treated as non-critical lines. Some
non-critical lines may require special attention, e.g., small branches subject to
large displacements and blow down lines. However these lines shall be reviewed
/ checked for support detail by the stress engineer.

4.1.2 Critical Line List

Upon receipt of Piping and Instrument Diagrams (P & ID's), Line List and Piping
Specifications, the Stress Engineer shall identify the critical lines and prepare a
Critical Line List. These lines require formal pipe stress analysis calculations

4.1.3 Critical line selection

A line is defined as critical if it falls into any of the following criticality criteria.

4.2 Criticality Criteria:

a) 18" NB and larger

b) 4" NB and larger at 95°C and above

c) 3" NB and smaller at 150°C and above

d) 3" NB and larger at -28°C and below

e) Alloy, stainless steel and non-ferrous piping 6" NB and larger at 70°C and
above

f) Process lines 4” and above connected to Rotating machinery such as

pumps, centrifugal compressors, gas turbines, fans and blowers

g) All process lines connected to Reciprocating compressors and pumps

h) All lines process connected to Special items of equipment, which have low
allowable loads, specified by the equipment Vendor

i) All process lines connected to Air-cooled exchangers (fin fans)

j) All process lines connected to Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers, Plate Heat
Exchangers, Printed Circuit Heat Exchangers and Waste heat Recovery
Units (WHRU)

k) Lines subjected to unbalanced surge forces

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l) Lines containing quick acting pressure relieving devices, e.g., relief valves
and bursting discs and blow down valves

m) Thick wall pipe, i.e., schedule 160 and above for pipe size 4” & above only

n) Thin wall, large bore pipe, i.e., schedule 10 and below and 18" and above.

o) Lines containing expansion devices such as bellows, (only if applicable)

p) Gas or vapour lines, including the flare system, in which liquid slugs may
form and cause high impact loads at valves, bends, tees or vessels.

q) Lines liable to extreme terminal and support deflections and rotations

caused by deck movement

r) Vacuum and externally pressurised lines , including those liable to transient

external pressure conditions.

s) Liquid blow down piping, not including drain lines.

t) Lines which the stress engineer considers require special attention but
which are not critical by the above definitions.

u) Riser lines and process lines connected to Launchers / Receivers

v) All lines running on the platforms linking bridges

4.3 Stress analysis method

CAESAR II, Verson-4.5 computer program shall be used for stress analysis
calculations.

4.4 Piping Studies

The Stress engineer shall review and comment on all piping studies pertaining to
critical lines. Preliminary pipe support locations shall be identified by piping
layout/support section based on good engineering practice considerations, such as
span, structure availability and grouping of supports. However the stress engineer
shall review and identify, based on the analysis, the final location as well as the
type of restraints, such as anchor, directional restraints and springs.

Locations of fixed and sliding ends for horizontal vessels and equipment shall be
defined by Stress engineer in consultation with other applicable disciplines,
Mechanical, Structural etc., as appropriate.
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5.0 STRESS ANALYSIS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

5.1 Analysis shall be carried out at the design ( max and/or min) temperatures and
coincident Design pressure conditions of the selected lines. Where this will lead to
an over-conservative design, operating conditions (operating temperature and
pressure) of the system shall be used in the analysis. The ambient temperature
shall be 36°C maximum and 22°C minimum as per section 4.0 of AGS-18 and
solar radiation metal temperature shall be 80°C.

5.2 Support friction shall be considered for the analysis, and the coefficient of friction
shall be taken as 0.3, for steel to steel surface contact. For supports in the vicinity
of nozzle loads sensitive equipment such as pumps and compressors, a low friction
coefficient of 0.1 may be considered if required and the sliding unit (PTFE) to
achieve the low friction shall be provided at the support base. Friction factor shall
be suitably considered for the combination of sliding surfaces.

5.3 Equipment nozzle shall be modelled as anchor with initial thermal movements. If
the calculated reaction loads exceed the allowable values for the nozzles, the
nozzles shall be modelled as flexible nozzles

5.4 Piping to and from relief devices shall be designed and/or supported/braced to
ensure that exhaust reaction loads, or moments, do not exceed that permitted by
the relief valve manufacturer, the equipment manufacturer or the piping code.
Bracing of the inlet line to the outlet line is not permissible.

5.5 Stress analysis of piping systems connected to rotating equipment such as pumps
shall consider all probable scenarios of operation such as operation and standby
etc. Future piping connections, wherever possible, shall also be included in the
analysis. Large Pumps require particular attention with regard to nozzle loads.
Requirements of large pumps are generally similar to those for compressors.

5.6 For compressor piping, design temperatures shall generally be used to establish
pipe thermal expansion for nozzle load purposes. Values should be discussed and
agreed with the Process dept.

Pipe routing should allow for restraints to be located in line with the machine axes,
to effectively cancel expansion forces on the nozzle. Adjustable stops and guides
must be provided in both horizontal planes to assist with alignment. Weight
supports other than springs shall similarly be adjustable.

Spring supports if required shall be constant force type or long range variable and
to be very close to the machine, to allow accurate pipe positioning during the
alignment process. A piping system entirely supported on springs shall be avoided.

The weight run on which spring design is based shall be made with the compressor
nozzle disconnected vertically in order to transfer minimum loads to the nozzle.

Restraint with guide and stop local to the anti-surge or recycle valve shall be added
to avoid vibration due to gas turbulence.

Pipe support designs shall be reviewed by Engineering Contractor’s structural

engineer to ensure that stress requirements have been complied with.
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5.7 Bridge piping

Three bridges are linked to Arthit Central Process Platform APP. Location of the
bridges fixed and sliding ends shall be confirmed and bridge piping configurations
to be reviewed to assess the requirement of expansion loops. Also settlements of
platforms and longitudinal & lateral movements shall be considered for bridge
piping stress analysis when connected to the existing platform piping. The three
bridges are:

a) Bridge connecting APP and AQP

b) Bridge connecting APP and AWP1
c) Flare Bridge with Flare Tower connecting APP to the Flare Tripod

5.8 Output shall be scrutinised for

a) Stress check for code compliance in sustained, expansion and

occasional cases.
b) Load check for nozzle allowable values for connected equipment
specified in section 9.0 -“Nozzle allowable load criteria”
c) Support reaction loads for pipe supports design.
d) Excessive piping displacements for interference check and sagging.

5.9 Load Cases

a) Operating case: This shall include effects of pressure, temperature, pipe

dead weight, insulation weight, weight of the contents and other externally
imposed displacement such as nozzle displacements etc. This load case is
required to be performed to establish that the operating condition loads on
the equipment nozzle and pipe supports are within safe limits.

b) Sustained case: This shall include only the effects of pressure, pipe dead
weight, insulation weight and weight of contents. This case is required to
be done mainly to check if the code compliance requirements of sustained
stresses are satisfied by the piping system.

c) Expansion case: This shall include effects of temperature and externally

imposed displacements such as nozzle displacements etc. This case is for
verifying the code compliance requirements of expansion stresses.

d) Occasional case: This shall include effects of wind, wave load (if any), and
pressure relief valve reaction forces, each should be analysed
independently. As per provision of ASME B 31.3, no two occasional load
cases need to be considered simultaneously for compliance requirements.
This case is required for getting additional loads transferred by occasional
forces to structure at pipe supports, guides, nozzles, anchor locations and
also for verifying code compliance requirements of occasional stresses.

For wind loading data refer Appendix-3.

e) Slug load case: Liquid slugs entrained in flowing gas exert a force on any
change of direction or change in pipe size. The velocity and specific gravity
values have a profound effect upon calculated loads and realistic data must
be agreed with the Process Dept. Forces acting at a change of direction
may be evaluated by consideration of momentum change or centrifugal
force. A dynamic amplification factor of 2.0 (max) shall be considered
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unless specified otherwise which is dependent on velocity and piping
component type. This case is required to be done mainly to design the pipe
support structure for slug load and to check the stress in the piping system
due to slug load.

f) Hydrostatic test case: This is to verify the stress occurring during testing as
well as to establish the maximum loads that need to be supported by the
designed pipe support/structure.

g) Surge case analysis: Surge analysis as applicable and as required will be

carried out by the third party agency. The unbalanced forces as provided by
the surge specialist will be used in the CAESAR analysis to calculate the
stress and support loads.

h) Blast load case: Analysis shall be carried out as applicable. The drag forces
as provided by the Safety group will be used in the CAESAR analysis to
asses the stress and support loads.

Transportation Case: Separate transportation analyses shall be carried out

taking in to account the effect of barge motion (acceleration) and the deck
new set of deflections. Based on the results, recommendations will be
provided for piping disconnections from the equipment nozzles to avoid any
overloading.

Appendix-1 shows load cases to be built up in CAESAR.

6.0 STRESS DOCUMENTATION

6.1 Stress calculation (CAESAR file) Numbering

Stress calculation input files should be numbered as follows:

Example:
ACF1101NAD1
Where
ACF Arthit Central Facilities

The first digit of the 4 digit number shown in box is allocated as follows.

1 Arthit Central Process Platform (APP)

2 Bride connecting APP and AQP
3 Bridge connecting APP and AWP1
4 Flare Bridge with Flare Tower connecting APP to the Flare Tripod
5 Arthit living Quarters Platform (AQP)

The last three digits are allocated as follows:

000 to 099 Separation Piping including incoming/outgoing Riser Lines, Headers

and Produced Water Piping

100 to 199 Mercury Removal System Piping

200 to 299 Feed Gas Compression Piping

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300 to 399 CO2 Removal System Piping

400 to 499 NGL Extraction Piping

500 to 599 Sales Gas Compression Piping

600 to 699 Condensate Stabilization Piping

700 to 799 VRU Compression Piping

800 to 899 Fire Water Piping

900 to 999 Utility and other Piping

NA,NB, etc., Normal case Calculation sequence

BA,BB, etc., Blast case Calculation sequence

TA,TB, etc., Transportation case Calculation sequence

R1, D1, D2 etc., Revision number

6.1 Preparation of Stress Isometrics

Stress isometrics will be extracted from PDMS and they shall be numbered as
follows.

ACF-STISO-1101

The four digit number shown as a last entry in the above numbering shall be same
as the four digit number used for the stress calculation file.

All restraints acting on the piping shall be clearly indicated using standard legends
found in Appendix-4.

Sufficient nodes must be shown to allow a third party to navigate around the
system when reading the drawing in conjunction with a CAESAR II input listing.

6.2 Master Stress Isometrics

A master file of stress isometrics shall be maintained and agreed changes signed
and dated.

6.3 Input file Handling

Input files shall be electronically archived on completion of each calculation. Only

the files with a _A and _J trailer need to be kept and backed up on the ‘O’ drive.
A record of files archived shall be maintained.

6.4 Stress Analysis Report

The Stress Analysis Report will be compiled after all Fabrication isometrics for the
stress critical lines have been issued. It is intended to provide evidence of all work
completed by stress engineer in selection, analysis and approval of critical lines.
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The preferred format of stress analysis report is as follows:

Contents, Summary and calculations, system and analysis description, Critical line
list and stress isometric index, stress iso, data and calculations, General and
calculations.

The preferred format is to exclude computer output from CAESAR II and to supply
with disc copies of all input files from which output can be generated if required.

7.0 PIPE SUPPORT DESIGN

Stress engineer shall review in-line support details. The review must ensure that
the supports and restraints are fit for purpose, for example whether restrained
along the correct axes, support requirement for concentrated loads

Standard support details shall be used wherever possible to suit the deck steel
work.

Pipe support with spring hanger shall only be used where all other possible design
solutions have been exhausted.

Spring design data sheets shall be completed by the stress engineer and the
necessary input such as elevation details shall be provided by the pipe supports
group.

8.0 NOZZLE ALLOWABLE LOAD CRITERIA (Vendor supplied Equipment, Skids

and Packages)

8.0.1 The allowable forces and moments stated in this specification apply directly to steel
equipment and at the tie-in interfacing nozzle flange face whereas for Pressure
vessels and Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers, the loads are applicable at
nozzle/shell intersection.

8.0.2 For Titanium equipment, the allowable loads shall be 70% of the load values given
in Appendix-2 or as agreed with the vendor.

8.0.3 For Cupro-Nickel equipment, the allowable loads shall be 50% of the load values
given in Appendix-2 or as agreed with the vendor.

8.0.4 For other materials including GRP, the Vendor shall provide an appropriate set of
calculations for review and approval.

8.0.5 A statement of compliance, with this Specification, shall be provided by the Vendor.

8.0.6 The piping loads contained in this specification apply to design conditions only. If
the nozzle design loads exceed the allowable limit, when the piping is designed for
occasional load cases, such as, wind, wave, PSV forces and occasional slugging,
these loads will be submitted for Vendor’s approval during the detail design phase.

8.1 Centrifugal Pumps

The allowable forces and moments on pump nozzles due to piping reactions shall
be two times the values given in table-4 of API 610, 9th Edition for nozzle sizes
16” and below. This also applies to ‘Vertical In-line’ pumps and ‘Horizontal/Vertical
Suspended’ pumps.
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Nozzle loads on Horizontal End Suction Centrifugal Pumps and Vertical In-Line
Centrifugal Pumps in accordance with ASME B73.1 and B73.2 shall also be two
times the values given in table-4 of API 610, 9th Edition.

Should there be a requirement for increased nozzle allowable forces or moments in

any one or more directions at the detailed engineering stage, the same shall be
mutually discussed and agreed between the Vendor and Company.

For pump nozzle sizes above 16”, Company will provide the forces and moments
at the pump nozzles based on the stress analysis of the system for review and
acceptance by the vendor.

8.2 Centrifugal Compressors & Turbo Expander Compressors

The loads on Centrifugal Compressor and Turbo Expander Compressor nozzles

shall be in accordance with NEMA SM23 Section 8.4.6 formulae; however the
constants in formulae shall be increased by a minimum factor of 4

Should there be a requirement for increased nozzle allowable forces or moments in

any one or more directions at the detailed engineering stage, the same shall be
mutually discussed and agreed between the Vendor and Company. Net resultants
of combined forces and moments shall be resolved at the suction (larger) nozzle in
the case of a two-nozzle machine. The equivalent nozzle diameter Dc shall be
based on the nominal nozzle outside diameters.

8.3 VRU System Reciprocating Compressor Package

Vendor shall inform the desired minimum mechanical natural frequency to be

established for the entire VRU piping system starting from suction scrubber inlet
lines up to the discharge scrubber outlet lines.

The piping within VRU compressor package shall be supported and guided, as
necessary, and the interface tie-in points shall be anchored by the vendor
such that the interface nozzle shall be designed to satisfy the ‘Forces and
Moments’ stated in Appendix-2.

For some reasons, if it is not possible for vendor to provide anchor at the interface
tie-in points, then the vendor shall provide stiffness values and thermal
movements at the compressor nozzles in all degrees of freedom (3 translations
and 3 rotations). Engineering Contractor will provide loads (forces and moments)
imposed by piping at the compressor nozzles based on the stress analysis of
the complete system for review and acceptance by the vendor.

8.4 Pressure Vessels, Columns, Filters and Pig Launchers / Receivers

8.4.1 External loads applied to Pressure vessels and columns nozzles shall normally
be limited to the values given in Appendix-2 of Arthit General Specification
AGS-03 (Unfired Pressure Vessels)

8.4.2 In the event that a component force or moment due to piping reactions exceeds the
respective allowable but the resultant remains within the resultant allowable,
WRC107 / WRC297 calculation may be performed by the Company to accept the
loads. In case the WRC calculation fails, Company will modify the piping and/or
restraints to limit the loads within the values given appendix-2 of AGS-03. If this is
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not achievable by the Company, the loads will be provided to the vendor. Vendor
shall re-analyse the vessel for new loads to verify and ensure that all stresses are
still within the allowable limits with suitable modification if any on the vessel.

8.4.3 If component and resultant exceed the allowable loads, piping and / or restraints will
be modified to comply with values given in Appendix-2 of AGS-03. If this proves
to be impractical, Company will provide the loads for review and acceptance by
the vendor for suitable modification if any on the vessel.

8.4.4 The locations and loading for pipe support clips on the vessel and/or service
platform will be furnished separately during the detailed engineering stage
which shall be verified by the Vendor for the stresses and other aspects of vessel
and service platform design.

8.5 Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers, Double Pipe Type Heat Exchangers, Plate
Type Heat Exchangers & Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger

External loads applied to nozzles of shell & tube heat exchangers, Double
pipe type heat exchangers, Plate type heat exchangers and Printed circuit heat
exchangers shall normally be limited to the values given in Appendix-2.
External Forces and Moments given in Appendix-2 are to be applied at
nozzle / shell intersection simultaneously. Sections 8.4.2, 8.4.3 & 8.4.4 are
applicable here also.

8.6 Air Cooled Heat Exchangers

Allowable loads shall be three times the values given in API 661 Table 4. Should
there be a requirement for increased nozzle allowable forces and moments in any
one or more directions at the detailed engineering stage, the same shall be
mutually discussed and agreed between the vendor and Company.

If pipe support clips are required on the cooler service platforms, locations and
loadings for the clips will be furnished separately during the detailed engineering
stage which shall be verified by the Vendor for the stresses and other aspects of
platform design.

8.7 Tanks

Unless agreed with Company, the allowable nozzle loads for flat –sided storage
tanks are as tabulated below.

Table-A ( Metric Units )

Direct Loads (N) Moment Loads (N-m)

Nozzle
Size F Axial F Shear M Torsion M Bending
1 ½” 750 750 150 150
2” 750 750 150 150
3” 1500 2000 750 450
4” 2000 3000 1400 750
6” 3000 5000 3000 2000
8” 3500 6000 4500 3000

Notes:
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1) All loads stated above act at the tank plate / nozzle intersection and are to be
assumed to act simultaneously.

2) The Vendor shall provide sufficient local reinforcement to ensure that the stress
due to pressure head, radial load and applied moment does not exceed 1.5 times
the allowable design stress for the plate.

3) For nozzles exceeding 8” N.B, allowable loads shall be agreed with the Company.

8.8 Waste Heat Recovery Unit

Based on the analysis, Engineering Contractor will provide loads (forces and
moments) imposed by piping at Heating Medium inlet and outlet nozzles of Waste
Heat Recovery Unit (WHRU) for review and acceptance by the Vendor.

8.9 Packaged Units

8.9.1 Package unit Vendor shall furnish the list of lines considered for stress analysis for
Company’s review. Stress analysis for Package unit piping carried out by vendor
shall be as per this specification as a minimum.

8.9.2 When the piping is connected to equipment other than that specified in this
Specification, the loading listed in Appendix-2 shall be used.

8.9.3 The Vendor shall anchor all package piping at the skid edge. Where this proves
impractical, the Vendor shall advise the Company no later than six weeks after
award of the contract. The piping within the package shall be supported and
guided, as necessary, by the Vendor such that the interface nozzle shall satisfy
the ‘Forces and Moments’ stated in Attachement-2. The Vendor shall provide
isometric drawings showing all pipe support restraints.

8.9.4 For terminations anchored at a skid edge, the allowable external loading (from
piping outside the package) will correspond to the ‘Forces & Moments’ stated in
Appendix-2. Tie-in anchor, at the Vendor/Company interface, shall be capable of
withstanding two times the values as per Appendix-2.

8.9.5 Should there be a requirement for increased allowable forces or moments in any
one or more directions at the detailed engineering stage, the same shall be
mutually discussed and agreed between the Package Unit Vendor and Company.

8.10 Tie-ins between Topsides and Risers

For riser connected topsides piping, “Hanger Flange’ shall be treated as an anchor
for carrying out topsides piping stress analysis. The forces and moments due to
topsides piping shall be taken into account for hanger flange design.

8.11 Flange joints

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Piping Stress Analysis Specification Page 16 of 23

Supports are to be provided close of flange joints, where heavy concentrated loads
occur. A review will be done by the stress engineer for these types of supports.

Pressure design of flanges shall generally be in accordance with section 304.5 of

ASME B31.3. Operating pressure shall be considered for the purpose of flange leak
calculation.

Piping stress analysis programme CAESAR II shall be used for checking the flange
leakage.

8.12 Vendor Drawings and Data

The stress section shall review and comment on all Vendor drawings, such as,
equipment and vessels, pertaining to connected stress critical piping. Review shall
include interface tie-in connection drawings and details for Package/skid units,
pertaining to stress critical lines.

APPENDIX-1 – CAESAR LOAD CASES

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Piping Stress Analysis Specification Page 17 of 23

NORMAL CASES
ASME B31.3 Stresses, Nozzle Loads , Restraint Loads & Hydro-test Restraint loads
Simple System System with added PSV Forces System with Spring Hangers
1 W+D4+T1+P1 (OPE) 1 W+D4+T1+P1+F1 (OPE) 1 W (HGR)
2 W+P1 (SUS) – B31.3 Stresses 2 W+P1+F1 (OPE) 2 W+D4+T1+P1 (HGR)
3 WIN1 (OPE) 3 W+P1 (SUS) – B31.3 Stresses 3 W+D4+T1+P1+H (OPE)
4 WIN2 (OPE) 4 WIN1 (OPE) 4 W+P1+H (SUS) – B31.3 Stresses
5 WW+HP (HYD) – Hydro-test Loads 5 WIN2 (OPE) 5 WIN1 (OPE)
6 L2+L3 (OCC) B31.3 Stresses 6 WW+HP (HYD) – Hydro-test Loads 6 WIN2 (OPE)
8 L2+L4 (OCC) 7 L2+L4 (OCC) B31.3 Stresses 7 WW+HP (HYD) – Hydro-test Loads
9 L1+L3 (OPE) Nozzle & 9 L2+L5 (OCC) 8 L4+L5 (OCC) B31.3 Stresses
10 L1-L3 (OPE) Restraint 10 L1+L4 (OPE) Nozzle & 9 L4+L6 (OCC)
11 L1+L4 (OPE) Loads 11 L1-L4 (OPE) Restraint 10 L3+L5 (OPE) Nozzle &
12 L1-L4 (OPE) 12 L1+L5 (OPE) Loads 11 L3-L5 (OPE) Restraint
13 L1-L2 (EXP) – B31.3 Stresses 13 L1-L5 (OPE) 12 L3+L6 (OPE) Loads
14 L1-L2 (EXP) – B31.3 Stresses 13 L3-L6 (OPE)
14 L3-L4 (EXP) – B31.3 Stresses
Hydro-test load case shall be run
separately with Springs replaced by
Rigid hangers.

BLAST CASE TRANSPORTATION CASE W- Pipe Weight, Insulation Wt,

Stresses & Restraint Loads B31.3 Stresses, Nozzle & Restraint Loads Fluid Wt, Rigid Wt
1 W+D4+T1+P1 (OPE) WNC+D1+D2+D3+U1+U2+U3(SUS) WW - Pipe Weight, Insulation Wt,
2 W+P1 (SUS) Water-filled Wt, Rigid Wt
3 BLAST – X (OCC) SLUG CASE WNC - Pipe Weight, Insulation Wt,
4 BLAST – Y (OCC) This case is similar to Normal case Rigid Wt
5 BLAST – Z (OCC) with added forces. The added forces P1 - Design or Operating Press.
6 L1+L3 (OPE) are Slug forces at pipe elbows. HP - Hydrostatic Test Pressure
7 L1-L3 (OPE) Restraint T1 - Design or Operating Temp.
8 L1+L4 (OPE) Loads SURGE CASE D1,D2 - Deck deflections during
9 L1-L4 (OPE) only This case is also similar to Normal & D3 transportation
10 L1+L5 (OPE) case with added forces. The added D4 - Anchor Thermal Movement
11 L1-L5 (OPE) forces are Surge forces at pipe elbows. F1 - Applied Forces or Moments
12 L2+L3 (OCC) If the system has to be designed for H - Hanger Load
13 L2-L3 (OCC) Stress Check, the effect of surge at one elbow at a WIN1 - X direction Wind Pressure
14 L2+L4 (OCC) Allowable = time, then as many number of cases as WIN2 - Z direction Wind Pressure
15 L2-L4 (OCC) Yield the number of elbows in the system BLAST - Blast Forces in X,Y,Z
16 L2+L5 (OCC) have to be analysed to determine the - X,Y,Z Directions
17 L2-L5 (OCC) worst loads. U1,U2 - Acceleration during
& U3 transportation

OPE - Operating (No code stress

check)
SUS - Sustained case
OCC - Occasional case
EXP - Expansion case
HYD - Hydro-test case
HGR - Hanger Load case
PTTEP Arthit Field Development Doc. No. A-1-PP-PI-SP-0003 Rev. B1
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Piping Stress Analysis Specification Page 18 of 23
APPENDIX-2 – EXTERNAL FORCES AND MOMENTS ON NOZZLES

Nozzle Flange Forces, N Moment, N-m

Size Rating
(in) (psi) FL FC FA FR ML MC MT MR
(Longi.) (Circum.) (Axial) (Resultant) (Longi.) (Circum.) (Torsional) (Resultant)

150 1,225 1,225 1,000 2,000 250 250 350 495

2” 300 1,225 1,225 1,000 2,000 250 250 350 495
600 1,820 1,820 1,485 2,975 335 335 470 665
and 900 1,820 1,820 1,485 2,975 335 335 470 665
below 1500 2,205 2,205 1,800 3,600 375 375 530 750
2500 2,205 2,205 1,800 3,600 375 375 530 750

150 1,850 1,850 1,510 3,020 585 585 825 1,170

300 1,850 1,850 1,510 3,020 585 585 825 1,170
600 2,500 2,500 2,045 4,085 755 755 1,070 1,510
3” 900 3,500 3,500 2,855 5,710 975 975 1,380 1,955
1500 4,535 4,535 3,705 7,405 1,160 1,160 1,645 2,325
2500 4,535 4,535 3,705 7,405 1,160 1,160 1,645 2,325

150 2,635 2,635 2,150 4,300 1,090 1,090 1,540 2,180

300 2,635 2,635 2,150 4,300 1,090 1,090 1,540 2,180
600 3,655 3,655 2,985 5,940 1,450 1,450 2,050 2,900
4” 900 4,640 4,640 3,785 7,575 1,760 1,760 2,485 3,515
1500 6,720 6,720 5,450 10,975 2,305 2,305 3,260 4,610
2500 6,720 6,720 5,450 10,975 2,305 2,305 3,260 4,610

150 4,630 4,630 3,780 7,560 2,880 2,880 4,075 5,765

300 5,630 5,630 4,600 9,200 3,440 3,440 4,860 6,880
600 6,975 6,975 5,695 11,390 4,145 4,145 5,865 8,295
6” 900 8,880 8,880 7,250 14,505 5,080 5,080 7,185 10,160
1500 12,975 12,975 10,595 21,185 6,795 6,795 9,605 13,585
2500 13,150 13,150 10,740 21,475 6,860 6,860 9,700 13,720

150 6,970 6,970 5,690 11,380 5,385 5,385 7,615 10,770

300 7,425 7,425 6,060 12,125 5,710 5,710 8,075 11,420
600 8,700 8,700 7,100 14,205 6,595 6,595 9,325 13,190
8” 900 14,820 14,820 12,100 24,200 10,455 10,455 14,785 20,910
1500 19,600 19,600 16,005 32,005 13,020 13,020 18,415 26,045
2500 21,880 21,880 17,865 35,725 14,110 14,110 19,950 28,215

150 9,880 9,880 8,070 16,135 9,020 9,020 12,755 18,040

300 13,360 13,360 10,910 21,820 11,895 11,895 16,820 23,780
600 15,730 15,730 12,840 25,680 13,760 13,760 19,460 27,520
10” 900 21,795 21,795 17,795 35,595 18,210 18,210 25,755 36,425
1500 28,075 28,075 22,920 45,845 22,315 22,315 31,555 44,630
2500 33,250 33,250 27,150 54,300 25,315 25,315 35,800 50,625
PTTEP Arthit Field Development Doc. No. A-1-PP-PI-SP-0003 Rev. B1
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Piping Stress Analysis Specification Page 19 of 23

APPENDIX-2 – EXTERNAL FORCES AND MOMENTS ON NOZZLES (Contd)

Nozzle Flange Forces, N Moment, N-m

Size Rating
(in) (psi) FL FC FA FR ML MC MT MR
(Longi.) (Circum.) (Axial) (Resultant) (Longi.) (Circum.) (Torsional) (Resultant)

150 12,100 12,100 9,880 19,755 12,390 12,390 17,520 24,780

300 17,880 17,880 14,610 29,200 17,760 17,760 25,110 35,515
600 21,635 21,635 17,665 35,330 21,100 21,100 29,840 42,200
12” 900 30,630 30,630 25,010 50,020 28,460 28,460 40,250 56,925
1500 40,330 40,330 32,930 65,860 35,470 35,470 50,160 70,940
2500 46,085 46,085 37,630 75,255 39,170 39,170 55,395 78,340

150 13,320 13,320 10,875 21,795 14,050 14,050 19,870 28,100

300 15,485 15,485 12,640 25,285 16,200 16,200 22,895 32,375
600 25,905 25,905 21,150 42,300 25,905 25,905 36,635 51,810
14” 900 36,805 36,805 30,050 60,095 35,060 35,060 49,580 70,115
1500 51,235 51,235 41,830 83,665 45,585 45,585 64,465 91,170
2500 74,940 74,940 61,185 122,370 58,935 58,935 83,345 117,870

150 15,275 15,275 12,470 24,940 17,215 17,215 24,340 34,425

300 20,200 20,200 16,495 32,985 22,415 22,415 31,700 44,830
600 33,345 33,345 27,225 54,455 35,445 35,445 50,125 70,890
16” 900 46,965 46,965 38,345 76,690 47,660 47,660 67,405 95,325
1500 63,795 63,795 52,085 104,170 60,940 60,940 86,180 121,880
2500 90,815 90,815 74,145 148,290 78,065 78,065 110,400 156,130

150 17,230 17,230 14,065 28,130 20,270 20,270 28,665 40,535

300 25,545 25,545 20,885 41,715 29,435 29,435 41,630 58,870
600 41,715 41,715 34,060 68,120 46,110 16,110 65,210 92,220
18” 900 59,585 59,585 48,650 97,295 62,770 62,770 88,770 125,540
1500 80,660 80,660 65,855 131,710 80,030 80,030 113,180 160,065
2500 114,140 114,140 93,195 186,385 102,155 102,155 144,465 204,310

150 18,435 18,435 15,050 30,105 24,875 24,875 35,175 49,745

300 26,715 26,715 21,810 43,620 35,370 35,370 50,020 70,745
600 45,320 45,320 37,005 74,005 57,455 57,455 81,250 114,910
20” 900 64,305 64,305 52,505 105,010 77,820 77,820 110,055 155,645
1500 82,275 82,275 67,175 134,345 95,085 95,085 134,465 190,165
2500 121,405 121,405 99,125 198,250 125,905 125,905 178,055 251,810

150 19,140 19,140 15,630 31,260 29,550 29,550 41,790 59,105

300 27,080 27,080 22,110 44,215 41,100 41,100 58,120 82,200
600 47,600 47,600 38,865 77,730 69,050 69,050 97,650 138,100
22” 900 67,110 67,110 54,795 109,585 93,060 93,060 131,605 186,120
1500 91,840 91,840 74,895 149,970 119,915 119,915 169,585 239,830
2500 131,245 131,245 107,155 214,310 154,425 154,425 218,390 308,855

150 20,420 20,420 16,670 33,340 36,030 36,030 50,955 72,065

300 27,870 27,870 22,755 45,510 48,420 48,420 68,475 96,840
24” 600 48,255 48,255 39,400 78,800 80,220 80,220 113,445 160,440
900 69,865 69,865 57,040 114,085 110,590 110,590 156,400 221,180
1500 92,405 92,405 76,260 152,520 139,770 139,770 197,660 279,535
2500 133,390 133,390 108,905 217,810 179,995 179,995 254,550 359,990
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APPENDIX-2 – EXTERNAL FORCES AND MOMENTS ON NOZZLES (Contd)

Nozzle Flange Forces, N Moment, N-m

Size Rating
(in) (psi) FL FC FA FR ML MC MT MR
(Longi.) (Circum.) (Axial) (Resultant) (Longi.) (Circum.) (Torsional) (Resultant)

150 22,370 22,370 18,265 36,525 42,460 42,460 60,045 84,915

300 31,930 31,930 26,070 52,140 59,600 59,600 84,285 119,195
600 52,205 52,205 42,625 85,250 93,920 93,920 132,820 187,840
26” 900 80,330 80,330 65,585 131,170 136,995 136,995 193,740 273,990
1500 108,550 108,550 88,630 177,255 174,935 174,935 247,390 349,865
2500 154,375 154,375 126,045 252,085 225,250 225,250 318,545 450,495

150 25,305 25,305 20,660 41,320 51,780 51,780 73,225 103,560

300 35,855 35,855 29,275 58,545 72,195 72,195 102,100 144,390
600 59,555 59,555 48,625 97,245 115,560 115,560 163,420 231,115
28” 900 91,225 91,225 74,480 148,960 168,090 168,090 237,710 336,175
1500 121,815 121,815 99,460 198,915 212,940 212,940 301,140 425,880
2500 175,360 175,360 143,175 286,350 277,540 277,540 392,495 555,075

150 28,415 28,415 23,200 46,400 62,350 62,350 88,175 124,700

300 40,980 40,980 33,460 66,920 88,435 88,435 125,065 176,870
600 65,455 65,455 53,440 106,880 136,630 136,630 193,220 273,255
30” 900 98,240 98,240 80,210 160,420 195,785 195,785 276,875 391,565
1500 137,870 137,870 112,565 225,130 259,005 259,005 366,285 518,010
2500 197,605 197,605 161,335 322,670 337,190 337,190 476,855 674,380

Nozzle Loads for sizes above 30” shall be mutually agreed between Company and
Vendor.
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Piping Stress Analysis Specification Page 21 of 23

APPENDIX- 3 – WIND LOADING DATA

As per Arthit General Specification AGS-18 (Site Conditions and Climate) the 100 year return
Wind speed (3 second Gust) at 10m above LAT (Lowest Astronomical Tide) is 57m/sec.
The corresponding wind speed at other elevations (Z) are estimated using the
formula VZ=V10(Z/10)0.12
Wind load is applied as uniform force along the pipe
Wind force per unit length F = CfqD N/mm
Where
D = Outside diameter of the pipe, mm
q = Dynamic pressure of the wind = ρV²/2 , N/m²
Cf = Shape factor or Effective force co-efficient
V = Wind Speed, m/sec
ρ = Density of air = P/RT, Kg/m³
P = Atmospheric pressure = 101396.16 N/m²
T = Average air temperature = 29°C as per Table 4.1 of AGS-18
R = Gas constant for air = 287.1387 N-m/Kg-°K
Air Density at 29°C = 101396.16/[287.1387x(29+273)] = 1.1693 Kg/ m³
Wind Profile based on 100 year return interval, 3 second Gust

Wind Wind
Elevation
Speed Pressure
m
m/sec N/m²
5 52.5 1611.4
10 57.0 1899.5
15 59.8 2090.7
20 61.9 2240.1
25 63.6 2364.9
30 65.0 2470.1
35 66.2 2562.2
40 67.3 2648.0
45 68.3 2727.3
50 69.1 2791.6
As per BS CP3, Chapter V, Part 2, values of shape factor Cf for pipe sections are as follows.

Flow Regime DV Value Cf

Subcritical flow DV < 6 m²/sec 1.2
6 ≤ DV < 12 m²/sec 0.6
Supercritical flow 12 ≤ DV < 33 m²/sec 0.7
DV ≥ 33m²/sec 0.8
The above wind profile and shape factor values shall be used in CAESAR II Pipe Stress
analysis. The ‘Y’ co-ordinate to be keyed-in for the starting node in CAESAR II input shall be
the elevation in metres of the corresponding point in PDMS stress isometrics.
PTTEP Arthit Field Development Doc. No. A-1-PP-PI-SP-0003 Rev. B1
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APPENDIX- 4 – TYPICAL RESTRAINT SYMBOLS USED IN STRESS ISOMETRICS

Hanger Support Rest Support Rest Support with Hold Down

Hanger Support with Pipe Rest Support with Pipe Rest support with Hold Down
Guide Guide & Pipe Guide

Hanger Support with Pipe Rest Support with Pipe Rest Support with Hold
Axial Stop Axial Stop Down & Pipe Axial Stop
PTTEP Arthit Field Development Doc. No. A-1-PP-PI-SP-0003 Rev. B1
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Piping Stress Analysis Specification Page 23 of 23

APPENDIX- 4 (Contd.)
TYPICAL RESTRAINT SYMBOLS USED IN STRESS ISOMETRICS

Pipe Guide & Axial Stop Rest support with Pipe Guide Rest support with Hold Down
& Axial Stop , Pipe Guide & Axial Stop

Spring Support Spring Support with Spring Support Spring Support With
(Pedestal type) Pipe Guide With Axial Stop Pipe Guide &Axial
Stop

Spring hanger Spring hanger Spring hanger Spring hanger

support, support with support with support with Pipe
(Hanger type) Pipe Guide Axial Stop Guide & Axial Stop