Theory: Special Education

 What is Special Education?

Special Education (also known as special-needs education, aided education, exceptional
education, special Ed or SPED) is a broad term that describes a wide variety of
instructional services that are based on a child’s individual needs. Ideally, this process
involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching
procedures, adapted equipment and materials, and accessible settings. These
interventions are designed to help individuals with special needs achieve a higher level
of personal self-sufficiency and success in school and in their community which may not
be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education.
 History of Special Education in Philippines
Special education or special needs education is the practice of educating students with
special needs in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs. This
process involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of
teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, accessible settings.
SPED in the Philippines started in 1908 where the school for deaf (in Harrison, Pasay
City) was established and marked the official government recognition of obligations
towards the education of the handicapped children
 Goal of Special Education
States that the ultimate goal of special education shall be integration of mainstreaming
of learners with special needs into the regular school system and eventually in the
community. To meet the individual educational needs of the learners and, to extent
possible, prepare them for going to a more regular classroom setting.

 Basic Philosophy of Special Education

Every child with special needs has a right to an educational program that is suitable to
his needs.” “Special education shares with regular education basic responsibilities of the
educational system to fulfill the right of the child to develop to his full potential.”

Role of Teacher
 A special educator should always have certain qualities including intuitive,
hard-working, good sense of humour, creative and a love for both children and
teaching, as unless they will not create their focus, they would not be able to
provide proper training to those specialized children.

 Dealing with parents of “typically developing” students.

As some students are not use to dealing with persons with special needs, parents
are no exception. Teachers need to convey to parents how the classroom is
conducted and that all educational needs will be met.
 Individualized lesson plans.
Because there are varying abilities in the classroom, teachers can be challenged to
address individual academic needs based on ability.
 Coordinating therapies. A special needs inclusion classroom needs to be well
organized and allow for students to attend therapy sessions. However, this becomes a
challenge in planning day to day activities and keeping all students engaged and
learning.

Role of student
 Multiple Numbers Of Impairments of a Student
Autism Spectrum Disorder, Multiple Disabilities, Developmental Delay, Traumatic
Brain Injury, Orthopaedic Impairment, Speech and Language Impairment, Visual and
hearing Impairment (including blindness) and many more.
 Be educated
It allows the students to enjoy the education and gain confidence due to individual
learning. For the personal growth and development of the special children, it is
important for all of them to receive proper education. The disability cases could include
emotional, mental, physical or developmental.
Strategies, Activities and methods of teaching
 Why is it important to have a strategies and methods in special
education?
Taking a multisensory approach to helping students with special needs can greatly
enhance the learning environment in the classroom. Since all children learn differently
and are differently abled, it is important to create lessons as well-rounded as possible.
Moreover, special needs teachers can make the learning process fun and engaging while
respecting the individual needs of students with disabilities. In addition, it leads to the
development of social skills and better social interactions because learners are exposed
to real environment in which they have to interact with other learners each one having
unique characteristics, interests and abilities.

Classroom management
Classroom management is the process that teachers use to ensuring that classroom
lessons run smoothly without disruptive behavior from students compromising the
delivery of instruction. It includes the prevention of disruptive behavior preemptively,
as well as effectively responding to it after it happens.